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Tok OL, Bakardjiev M, Štíbr B, Hnyk D, Holub J, Padělková Z, Růžička A. Click Dehydrogenation of Carbon-Substituted nido-5,6-C2B8H12 Carboranes: A General Route to closo-1,2-C2B8H10 Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8839-43. [PMID: 27551885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triethylamine-catalyzed dehydrogenation of carbon-disubstituted dicarbaboranes 5,6-R2-nido-5,6-C2B8H10 [1, where R = H (1a), Me (1b), and Ph (1c)] in refluxing acetonitrile leads to a high-yield (up to 85-95%) formation of a series of dicarbaboranes 1,2-R2-closo-1,2-C2B8H8 (2). The monosubstituted 6-R-nido-5,6-C2B8H11 (3) analogues [where R = Ph (3a), naph (1-naphthyl; 3b), Bu (3c)] afforded 1-R-1,2-closo C2B8H9 (4) isomers [where R = Ph (4a), naph (4b), n-Bu (4c)] as the main products; compounds 4a and 4c were accompanied by 2-R-1,2-C2B8H9 (5) isomers (total yields up to 90%), with the 4/5 molar ratio being strongly dependent on the nature of R (4:1 and 1:1, respectively). All of these cage-closure reactions are supposed to proceed via the stage of the corresponding Et3NH(+) salts of nido anions [5,6-R2-5,6-C2B8H9](-) (1(-)) and [6-R-5,6-C2B8H10](-) (3(-)), which lose H2 and Et3N upon heating (dehydrodeamination). The cage-closure mechanisms leading to closo isomers 2, 4, and 5 have been substantiated by B3LYP/6-31+G* calculations of the reaction profile for a simple 1a(-) → 2a + H(-) conversion. All of the compounds isolated have been characterized by multinuclear ((11)B, (1)H, and (13)C) NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analyses, and the structure of 1-Ph-closo-1,2-C2B8H9 (4a) was established by an X-ray diffraction study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg L Tok
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Mario Bakardjiev
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Štíbr
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Padělková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice , Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice , Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Bakardjiev M, Štíbr B, Holub J, Padělková Z, Růžička A. Simple Synthesis, Halogenation, and Rearrangement of closo-1,6-C2B8H10. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om500988z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bakardjiev
- Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Štíbr
- Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Padělková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Kaszynski P, Januszko A, Glab KL. Comparative analysis of fluorine-containing mesogenic derivatives of carborane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, cyclohexane, and benzene using the Maier-Meier theory. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:2238-48. [PMID: 24520980 DOI: 10.1021/jp411343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Two series of related three-ring nematoges with Δε > 0 and containing 12-vetex carborane (A), 10-vertex carborane (B), bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (C), cyclohexane (D) and benzene (E) were prepared and investigated as additives to 6-CHBT nematic host and in the pure form (series 2). Dielectric results were analyzed with the Maier-Meier relationship to gain an understanding of behavior of additives in nematic solutions. Molecular parameters for each nematogen were obtained at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory in the host's dielectric medium, and dielectric data was used as the only experimental parameter to calculate apparent order parameter Sapp and the Kirkwood factor g. The results demonstrated that compounds in series 1 stabilize the nematic phase (high Sapp) of the host more than additives in series 2 (low Sapp), and carbocycles C and D are more effective (higher Sapp) than carborane analogues A and B (lower Sapp). The method provides insight into behavior of additives in nematic solutions and is useful for comparative analysis of a series of compounds or a series of hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaszynski
- Organic Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Indelli MT, Bura T, Ziessel R. p-Carborane-Bridged Bipyridine Ligands for Energy Transfer between Two Iridium Centers. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2918-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302222q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Teresa Indelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Ferrara, INSTM Sezione di Ferrara,
44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Thomas Bura
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique
et Spectroscopies Avancées (ICEEPS-LCOSA), UMR 7515 au CNRS, Ecole
Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel,
67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Raymond Ziessel
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique
et Spectroscopies Avancées (ICEEPS-LCOSA), UMR 7515 au CNRS, Ecole
Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel,
67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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Hablot D, Ziessel R, Alamiry MAH, Bahraidah E, Harriman A. Nanomechanical properties of molecular-scale bridges as visualised by intramolecular electronic energy transfer. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21505e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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6
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Setia S, Sidiq S, Pal SK. Microwave-assisted synthesis of novel oligomeric rod-disc hybrids. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hablot D, Sutter A, Retailleau P, Ziessel R. Unsymmetrical p-Carborane Backbone as a Linker for Donor-Acceptor Dyads. Chemistry 2012; 18:1890-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fujii S, Ohta K, Goto T, Oda A, Masuno H, Endo Y, Kagechika H. Development of androgen receptor ligands by application of ten-vertex para-carborane as a novel hydrophobic core structure. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md00294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lakshmi Praveen P, Ojha DP. Substituent and solvent effects on UV-visible absorption spectra of liquid crystalline disubstituted biphenylcyclohexane derivatives - a computational approach. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Scholz M, Hey-Hawkins E. Carbaboranes as pharmacophores: properties, synthesis, and application strategies. Chem Rev 2011; 111:7035-62. [PMID: 21780840 DOI: 10.1021/cr200038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 575] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scholz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Leipzig, Germany
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Dash BP, Satapathy R, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS. Polyhedral boron clusters in materials science. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20228f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Khan FA, Parasuraman K, Donnio B. Synthesis and thermal properties of rigid oxa-bridged-containing dimers and tetramers. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dash BP, Satapathy R, Gaillard ER, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS. Synthesis and properties of carborane-appended C(3)-symmetrical extended pi systems. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6578-87. [PMID: 20397701 DOI: 10.1021/ja101845m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of C(3)-symmetric pi-conjugated compounds containing three to six o-carborane clusters have been synthesized by employing palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions and palladium-catalyzed acetylation reactions, followed by silicon tetrachloride mediated trimerization reactions. Carborane-containing extended trimers were found to emit blue light. Incorporation of o-carborane clusters into extended pi-conjugated systems led to 22-70% enhancement of their relative fluorescence quantum yields. Decapitation of o-carborane clusters made these extended trimers water soluble, and their aqueous solutions were also found to be fluorescent, but with a reduced fluorescence intensity. The carborane-appended pi-conjugated compounds are found to be extremely thermally stable, and for some of these compounds only 10% mass loss occurred at temperatures close to 500 degrees C. The DSC thermograms of smaller C(cage)-appended trimers indicate the occurrence of solid-solid phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barada Prasanna Dash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115-2862, USA
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Himmelspach A, Finze M. Dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes with One and Two Ethynyl Groups Bonded to Boron. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Ringstrand B, Kaszynski P, Young VG, Janousek Z. Anionic amino acid [closo-1-CB9H8-1-COO-10-NH3]- and dinitrogen acid [closo-1-CB9H8-1-COOH-10-N2] as key precursors to advanced materials: synthesis and reactivity. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:1166-79. [PMID: 20043626 DOI: 10.1021/ic9021323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid [closo-1-CB(9)H(8)-1-COO-10-NH(3)](-) (4) was prepared by amination of iodo acid [closo-1-CB(9)H(8)-1-COOH-10-I](-) (1) with LiHMDS in a practical and reproducible manner. The apparent dissociation constants, pK(2) = 5.6 and pK(1) > 11, were measured for 4[NMe(4)] in 50% aq. EtOH. Diazotization of 4 with NO(+)PF(6)(-) under mildly basic conditions afforded stable dinitrogen acid [closo-1-CB(9)H(8)-1-COOH-10-N(2)] (5). Activation parameters (DeltaH(++) = 33.9 +/- 1.4 kcal mol(-1) and DeltaS(++) = 10 +/- 3.5 cal mol(-1) K(-1)) for thermolysis of its methyl ester [closo-1-CB(9)H(8)-1-COOMe-10-N(2)] (11) in PhCN were established, and the heterolysis of the B-N bond is believed to be the rate-determining step. Electrochemical analysis showed a partially reversible reduction process for 11 (E(1/2)(red) = -1.03 V) and 5(-) (E(1/2)(red) = -1.21 V), which are more cathodic than reduction of [closo-1-CB(9)H(9)-1-N(2)] (17). The dinitrogen acid 5 was reacted with pyridine and N,N-dimethylthioformamide, to form pyridine acid 6 and protected mercapto acid 7, respectively, through a boronium ylide intermediate 18. Compound 7 was converted to sulfonium acid 8. The molecular and crystal structures for 5 [C(2)H(9)B(9)N(2)O(2) monoclinic, P2(1)/n, a = 7.022(2) A, b = 11.389(4) A, c = 12.815(4) A, beta = 96.212(5) degrees ; V = 1018.8(6) A(3), Z = 4,], 6 [C(7)H(14)B(9)NO(2), monoclinic, P2(1)/n, a = 14.275(4) A, b = 12.184(3) A, c = 30.538(8) A, beta = 95.377(4) degrees ; V = 5288(3) A(3), Z = 16], and 8 [C(7)H(19)B(9)O(2)S, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 15.988(5) A, b = 19.377(6) A, c = 9.655(3) A, beta = 98.348(5) degrees; V = 2959.4(16) A(3), Z = 8] were determined by X-ray crystallography and compared with results of density functional theory (DFT) and MP2 calculations. Electronic structures of 5, 6, and related species were elucidated with electronic spectroscopy and assessed computationally at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p), MP2/6-31G(d,p), and ZINDO//MP2 levels of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Ringstrand
- Organic Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Ziessel R, Ulrich G, Olivier JH, Bura T, Sutter A. Carborane-Bodipy scaffolds for through space energy transfer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:7978-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02656e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Jankowiak A, Kaszynski P, Tilford WR, Ohta K, Januszko A, Nagamine T, Endo Y. Ring-alkyl connecting group effect on mesogenic properties of p-carborane derivatives and their hydrocarbon analogues. Beilstein J Org Chem 2009; 5:83. [PMID: 20300457 PMCID: PMC2839553 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the phenyl–alkyl connecting group on mesogenic properties of several series of isostructural compounds containing p-carborane (A and B), bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (C), and benzene (D) was investigated using thermal and optical methods. Results demonstrated that mesophase stability in the series containing A–D follows the order (Alk)CH2CH2– < (Alk)OOC– < (Alk)CH2O– < (Alk)COO–. Surprisingly, the connecting groups (Alk)CH2CH2– and (Alk)OOC– destabilize the mesophase significantly stronger for carboranes (A and B) than for carbocyclic derivatives (C and D). Analysis indicates that this effect may have quadrupolar and conformational origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jankowiak
- Organic Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Box 1822 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Prasanna Dash B, Satapathy R, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS. Boron-enriched star-shaped molecule via cycloaddition reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3267-9. [PMID: 19587935 DOI: 10.1039/b905076k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The facile synthesis of a thermally stable carborane appended symmetrical star-shaped molecule having six bulky o-carborane clusters on the periphery, thereby containing sixty boron atoms was accomplished via a cobalt-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barada Prasanna Dash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115-2862, USA
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Ringstrand B, Kaszynski P, Januszko A, Young VG. Polar derivatives of the [closo-1-CB9H10]− cluster as positive Δε additives to nematic hosts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b913701g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Ringstrand B, Monobe H, Kaszynski P. Anion-driven mesogenicity: ionic liquid crystals based on the [closo-1-CB9H10]− cluster. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b905457j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Piecek W, Glab KL, Januszko A, Perkowski P, Kaszynski P. Modification of electro-optical properties of an orthoconic chiral biphenyl smectogen with its isostructural carborane analogue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b812633j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dash BP, Satapathy R, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS. Synthesis of a new class of carborane-containing star-shaped molecules via silicon tetrachloride promoted cyclotrimerization reactions. Org Lett 2008; 10:2247-50. [PMID: 18465864 DOI: 10.1021/ol8005248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Symmetrical star-shaped molecules with carborane clusters on the periphery have been synthesized in good yields via silicon tetrachloride mediated cyclotrimerization reactions of 9-benzyl derivatives of carboranes with acetyl group substitution on the benzene ring. Facile functionalization of these symmetrical core structures with 1-iodoheptane and trivinylchlorosilane produce compounds which could be used as liquid crystalline substances and precursors for synthesis of higher order carbosilane dendrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barada Prasanna Dash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115-2862, USA
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Abstract
A nanovehicle with a new photoactive moiety has been synthesized. The incorporation of the azobenzene chassis allows for potential wormlike movement accompanying the rolling behavior of the wheels. Two versions, the fullerene-wheeled and carborane-wheeled nanoworms, were synthesized to examine the solution-based photoisomerization yields of the chassis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Steet, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Abstract
[structure: see text] With the eventual goal of demonstrating a motorized nanocar, the key structure has been synthesized which bears a light-activated unidirectional molecular motor and an oligo(phenylene ethynylene) chassis and axle system with four carboranes to serve as the wheels. Kinetics studies in solution show that the motor indeed rotates upon irradiation with 365 nm light, and the fullerene-free carborane wheel system is an essential design feature for motor operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Morin
- Department of Chemistry and Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Sienkowska MJ, Farrar JM, Zhang F, Kusuma S, Heiney PA, Kaszynski P. Liquid crystalline behavior of tetraaryl derivatives of benzo[c]cinnoline, tetraazapyrene, phenanthrene, and pyrene: the effect of heteroatom and substitution pattern on phase stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b615545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fox MA, Baines TE, Albesa-Jové D, Howard JA, Low PJ. Improved syntheses of bis(ethynyl)-para-carboranes, 1,12-(RCC)2-1,12-C2B10H10 and 1,10-(RCC)2-1,10-C2B8H8 (R=H or Me3Si). J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fox MA, Cameron AM, Low PJ, Paterson MAJ, Batsanov AS, Goeta AE, Rankin DWH, Robertson HE, Schirlin JT. Synthetic and structural studies on C-ethynyl- and C-bromo-carboranes. Dalton Trans 2006:3544-60. [PMID: 16855756 DOI: 10.1039/b517538k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high-yield preparation of the C-monoethynyl para-carborane, 1-Me(3)SiC[triple bond]C-1,12-C2B10H11, from C-monocopper para-carborane and 1-bromo-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyne, BrC[triple bond]CSiMe(3) is reported. The low-yield preparation of 1,12-(Me3SiC[triple bond]C)2-1,12-C2B10H10 from the C,C'-dicopper para-carborane derivative with 1-bromo-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyne, BrC[triple bond]CSiMe3, has been re-investigated and other products were identified including the C-monoethynyl-carborane 1-Me3SiC[triple bond]C-1,12-C2B10H11 and two-cage assemblies generated from cage-cage couplings. The contrast in the yields of the monoethynyl and diethynyl products is due to the highly unfavourable coupling process between 1-RC[triple bond]C-12-Cu-1,12-C2B10H10 and the bromoalkyne. The ethynyl group at the cage carbon C(1) strongly influences the chemical reactivity of the cage carbon at C(12)-the first example of the "antipodal effect" affecting the syntheses of para-carborane derivatives. New two-step preparations of 1-ethynyl- and 1,12-bis(ethynyl)-para-carboranes have been developed using a more readily prepared bromoethyne, 1-bromo-3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, BrC[triple bond]CCMe2OH. The molecular structures of the two C-monoethynyl-carboranes, 1-RC[triple bond]C-1,12-C2B10H11 (R = H and Me3Si), were experimentally determined using gas-phase electron diffraction (GED). For R = H (R(G) = 0.053) a model with C(5v) symmetry refined to give a C[triple bond]C bond distance of 1.233(5) A. For R = Me3Si (R(G) = 0.048) a model with C(s) symmetry refined to give a C[triple bond]C bond distance of 1.227(5) A. Molecular structures of 1,12-Br2-1,12-C2B10H10, 1-HC[triple bond]C-12-Br-1,12-C2B10H10 and 1,12-(Me(3)SiC[triple bond]C)2-1,12-C2B10H10 were determined by X-ray crystallography. Substituents at the cage carbon atoms on the C2B10 cage skeleton in 1-X-12-Y-1,12-C2B10H10 derivatives invariably lengthen the cage C-B bonds. However, the subtle substituent effects on the tropical B-B bond lengths in these compounds are more complex. The molecular structures of the ethynyl-ortho-carborane, 1-HC[triple bond]C-1,2-C2B10H11 and the ethene, trans-Me3SiBrC=CSiMe3Br are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Fox
- Chemistry Department, Durham University Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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Januszko A, Kaszynski P, Drzewinski W. Ring effect on helical twisting power of optically active mesogenic esters derived from benzene, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and p-carborane carboxylic acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b512319d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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González-Campo A, Núñez R, Viñas C, Boury B. Synthetic approaches to the preparation of hybrid network materials incorporating carborane clusters. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b516705c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Januszko A, Glab KL, Kaszynski P, Patel K, Lewis RA, Mehl GH, Wand MD. The effect of carborane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and benzene on mesogenic and dielectric properties of laterally fluorinated three-ring mesogens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b600068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Herzog A, Jalisatgi SS, Knobler CB, Wedge TJ, Hawthorne MF. Camouflaged Carborarods Derived fromB-Permethyl-1,12-diethynyl-para- andB-Octamethyl-1,7-diethylnyl-meta-carborane Modules. Chemistry 2005; 11:7155-74. [PMID: 16106456 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Rigid camouflaged carborarods constructed from the corresponding C,C'-diethynyl derivatives of B-decamethyl-1,12-dicarbadodecaborane(12) (6) and B-octamethyl-1,7-dicarbadodecaborane(12) (48) have been synthesized by largely conventional organic transformations. These carborarods are the longest discrete rod species available by this method in which B-methylated p-carborane and m-carborane cages are linked through their carbon vertices by using butadiynylene moieties. They exhibit enhanced solubility in common organic solvents relative to all other presently known carborane-based rigid-rod molecules. The oxidative coupling of bis(ethynyl) derivatives of 6 generates oligomers containing, on average, 16 carborane modules. The structural characterization of the corresponding dimeric species revealed that the carborarods possess a sinusoidal chain distortion in the solid state. The stereoelectronic properties of these and related model carborarods were evaluated by using molecular dimensions as a monitor for the comparison of computational and experimental methods. In addition, the effect of exhaustive B-methylation of 12- and 10-vertex para-carborane cages in a series of model C,C'-diethynyl derivatives was similarly investigated by computational and structural studies. As expected, a correlation of intercage C--C bond lengths with cage size was observed and was attributed to hybridization effects. B-Permethylation had no significant structural effect with either 10- or 12-vertex cage derivatives. Relative to unsubstituted compounds, thermal and chemical stabilities of B-permethylated derivatives were increased through the operation of a steric "bumper-car" process, and solubilities in organic solvents were enhanced. The formation of linear, sterically encumbered platina-carborarods using ethynyl derivatives of 6 as precursors is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Herzog
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA
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Das N, Stang PJ, Arif AM, Campana CF. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Carborane-Containing Neutral, Self-Assembled Pt-Metallacycles. J Org Chem 2005; 70:10440-6. [PMID: 16323855 DOI: 10.1021/jo0517085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] We have combined carborane chemistry with the newly developed directional bonding strategy to synthesize neutral macrocycles. The m- and p-carborane dicarboxylates were utilized as the donor linkers in conjunction with 1,8-bis[trans-Pt(PEt3)2NO3]anthracene 3, 2,9-bis[trans-Pt(PEt3)2NO3]phenanthrene 5, and cis-Pt(PEt3)2(NO3)2 unit 6. Three new platinum-based macrocycles, 4, 7, and 8, were thus synthesized. 31P{1H} NMR as well as the X-ray characterization of Pt-metallacycles reveal the formation of single highly symmetrical neutral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Le Guennic B, Costuas K, Halet JF, Nervi C, Paterson MA, Fox MA, Roberts RL, Albesa-Jove D, Puschmann H, Howard JA, Low PJ. Electronic interactions in bridged bis(cluster) assemblies – a comparison of para-CB10H10C, para-C6H4 and C4 bridges. CR CHIM 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2005.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jude H, Disteldorf H, Fischer S, Wedge T, Hawkridge AM, Arif AM, Hawthorne MF, Muddiman DC, Stang PJ. Coordination-Driven Self-Assemblies with a Carborane Backbone. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:12131-9. [PMID: 16117555 DOI: 10.1021/ja053050i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design and self-assembly of five new supramolecular complexes (a rectangle, a triangle, a hexagon, and two squares) are described. These assemblies incorporate carborane building blocks and were prepared in excellent yields (>85%). The assemblies and building blocks were characterized with multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Isotopically resolved mass spectrometry data confirm the existence of the rectangle, triangle, and hexagon, and NMR data are consistent with the formation of all five assemblies. The X-ray structures of two linear carborane building blocks, 1,12-(4-CC(C(5)H(4)N)(2)-p-C(2)B(10)H(10) (1) and 1,12-(trans-(Pt(PEt(3))(2)I)CC)(2)-p-C(2)B(10)H(10) (2), are reported: 1 is monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 10.6791(4) A, b = 8.0091(14) A, c = 11.6796(4) A, beta = 107.8461(15) degrees , V = 950.89(5) A(3), Z = 2; 2 is monoclinic, C2/c, a = 62.1128(10) A, b = 22.0071(3) A, c = 14.0494(2) A, beta = 89.9411(8) degrees , V = 19204.4(5) A(3), Z = 16. Crystals of the linear linker 1 exhibit close pi-pi pyridine and pyridine-B(carborane) interactions, which are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hershel Jude
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Polyhedral dicarbaborane chemistry: a convenient synthesis of the [nido-7,8-C2B9H12]− ‘dicarbollide’ anion via the Brellochs reaction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2004.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Franken A, Bullen NJ, Jelínek T, Thornton-Pett M, Teat SJ, Clegg W, Kennedy JD, Hardie MJ. Structural chemistry of halogenated monocarbaboranes: the extended structures of Cs[1-HCB9H4Br5], Cs[1-HCB11H5Cl6] and Cs[1-HCB11H5Br6]. NEW J CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b410929e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Synthesis and structural characterization of an 11-vertex nido-diphosphaborane, 7,9-Ph2-nido-7,9-P2B9H9. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Valliant JF, Guenther KJ, King AS, Morel P, Schaffer P, Sogbein OO, Stephenson KA. The medicinal chemistry of carboranes. Coord Chem Rev 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(02)00087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kaszynski P, Pakhomov S, Young VG. Investigations of Electronic Interactions Between closo-Boranes and Triple-Bonded Substituents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20021061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular electronic interactions were investigated in five series of 12-, 10-, and 6-vertex closo-boranes and hydrocarbons (benzene, acetylene, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and cubane) substituted with triple-bonded groups Y≡Z (C≡CR, C≡N, C≡O, and N≡N). Structural data (single crystal X-ray crystallography), spectroscopic properties (UV, IR, and NMR), chemical behavior (dediazoniation reactions), and electronic structure calculations (hybridization and π bond order) are all in agreement that the degree of electronic conjugation between the cluster and the Y≡Z substituent is lowest for the 12-vertex closo-borane and highest for the 6-vertex analog.
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Franken A, Kilner CA, Thornton-Pett M, Kennedy JD. Polyhedral Monocarbaborane Chemistry. A Review of Recent Developments Among C-Aryl Monocarbaborane Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20020869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Brellochs Reactions, of nido-B10H14 with aromatic aldehydes to give [6-Ar-nido-6-CB9H11]- anions in high yield, now permits excellent entries into C-aryl monocarbaborane chemistry, which is reviewed. From [6-Ar-nido-6-CB9H11]-, one-step cluster-closure, cluster-Aufbau, or cluster-dismantling reactions yield [1-Ph-closo-1-CB11H11]-, [7-Ph-nido-7-CB10H12]-, [1-Ph-closo-1-CB9H9]-, [2-Ph-closo-2-CB9H9]-, [4-closo-4-PhCB8H8]- and [6-Ph-arachno-6-CB8H13]. Second-step reactions involving these products yield [2-Ph-closo-2-CB10H10]-, [6-Ph-nido-6-CB8H11], [1-Ph-closo-1-CB7H7]- and [4-Ph-closo-4-CB8H8]-, as well as alternative routes to [1-Ph-closo-1-CB11H11]- and [1-Ph-closo-1-CB9H9]-. This readier access to this extensive suite of C-aryl monocarbaboranes permits a readier examination of their derivative chemistry. Monohalogenated and poly-halogenated species [1-Ph-closo-1-CB9H9-nXn]- and [1-Ph-closo-1-CB11H11-nXn]- have been formed as well as (SMe2)-substituted {CB11} and {CB10} systems. Coupling reactions with para-substituted [XC6H4CB11H10X]- systems give rod-like anions, and with poly-iodinated [PhCB11H5I6]- and [PhCB9H4I5]- give the globular [PhCB11H5Ar5I]- and [PhCB9H4Ar4I]- anions. Additional interesting species include [PhCB11H10CH=CHCH3]-, [PhCB11H10SMe(CH2)4OH]- and [PhCB9H8-6-OH]-. A review with 49 references.
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