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Fang Y, Xing C, Zhan S, Zhao M, Li M, Liu H, Wang C. Multifunctional Magnetic-Fluorescent Nanoparticle: Fabrication, Bioimaging, and Potential Antibacterial Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6779-6793. [PMID: 33423471 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic-fluorescent nanoparticles integrating imaging and therapeutic capabilities have unparalleled advantages in the biomedical applications. Apart from the dual ability of unique biomolecular fluorescent recognition and magnetic modes, the nanoparticle also endows combined effective therapies with high physiological stability, long-term imaging, rapid response time, and excellent circulation ability. Herein, we developed a carboxyl-functionalized magnetic nanoparticle that was further functionalized by polydopamine (PDA) and Schiff base ligand (3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone, HL) to form multilayered coating single nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PDA@HL). Our work showed that the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect could be produced by embedding In3+ into the Fe3O4@PDA@HL nanostructure, which offered a new opportunity for utilization as a fluorescent detection and therapeutic platform. Cellular fluorescent imaging experiments provided bacterial cell biodistribution, demonstrating their excellent luminescent performance, magnetic aggregation, and separation capability. We simultaneously confirmed that the synergistic antibacterial effect was closely related to both Fe3O4@PDA@HL and In3+, leading to the disruption of membrane integrity and the leakage of intracellular components, thus inducing bacterial death. This approach presented in our work could promote the development of future bioimaging and clinical therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Cuili Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Shixia Zhan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Chunzhang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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Peng H, Jin H, Zhuo H, Huang H. Enhanced antitumor efficacy of cisplatin for treating ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo via transferrin binding. Oncotarget 2018; 8:45597-45611. [PMID: 28484093 PMCID: PMC5542211 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug, while non-targeted delivery, development of drug resistance, and serious side effects significantly limit its clinical use. In order to improve the tumor-targeting properties of cisplatin, transferrin (Tf) was employed as a carrier to transfer cisplatin into cancer cells via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) mediated endocytosis. The binding ability of cisplatin and Tf could be improved by pretreating Tf with 10% ethanol, and the binding number of cisplatin for each Tf molecule could reach to 40 without structural or functional impairment of Tf. The Tf-cisplatin complex could be delivered into human ovarian carcinoma cells high efficiently. In tumor-bearing nude-mice model, the Tf-cisplatin complex inhibited tumor growth in vivo more effectively than free cisplatin, with less toxicity in other tissues. Tumor targeting efficiency of the Tf-cisplatin complex was supported by in vivo and ex vivo imaging and platinum residues detected in each ex vivo organ. These data suggested that Tf-cisplatin was more effective and less drug-resistance than cisplatin, with targeting to tumor cells. Therefore, Tf-mediated delivery of cisplatin is a potential strategy for targeted delivery into tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- Xiamen Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China
| | - Huiqin Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China.,The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, China
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Ghanbari Z, Housaindokht M, Bozorgmehr M, Izadyar M. Effects of synergistic and non-synergistic anions on the iron binding site from serum transferrin: A molecular dynamic simulation analysis. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 78:176-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Amiri A. Comparative toxicity and distribution of InCl3and In2O3nanoparticles in rats. TOXIN REV 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2016.1178145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Steere AN, Byrne SL, Chasteen ND, Mason AB. Kinetics of iron release from transferrin bound to the transferrin receptor at endosomal pH. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:326-33. [PMID: 21699959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human serum transferrin (hTF) is a bilobal glycoprotein that reversibly binds Fe(3+) and delivers it to cells by the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Despite decades of research, the precise events resulting in iron release from each lobe of hTF within the endosome have not been fully delineated. SCOPE OF REVIEW We provide an overview of the kinetics of iron release from hTF±the transferrin receptor (TFR) at endosomal pH (5.6). A critical evaluation of the array of biophysical techniques used to determine accurate rate constants is provided. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Delivery of Fe(3+)to actively dividing cells by hTF is essential; too much or too little Fe(3+) directly impacts the well-being of an individual. Because the interaction of hTF with the TFR controls iron distribution in the body, an understanding of this process at the molecular level is essential. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Not only does TFR direct the delivery of iron to the cell through the binding of hTF, kinetic data demonstrate that it also modulates iron release from the N- and C-lobes of hTF. Specifically, the TFR balances the rate of iron release from each lobe, resulting in efficient Fe(3+) release within a physiologically relevant time frame. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Transport and Disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Steere
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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Dong D, Wu Y, Zhang X, Yao J, Huang Y, Li D, Li CZ, Wang H. Eggshell membrane-templated synthesis of highly crystalline perovskite ceramics for solid oxidefuelcells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm03061a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Eckenroth BE, Mason AB, McDevitt ME, Lambert LA, Everse SJ. The structure and evolution of the murine inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase: a member of the transferrin superfamily. Protein Sci 2010; 19:1616-26. [PMID: 20572014 PMCID: PMC2975126 DOI: 10.1002/pro.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The original signature of the transferrin (TF) family of proteins was the ability to bind ferric iron with high affinity in the cleft of each of two homologous lobes. However, in recent years, new family members that do not bind iron have been discovered. One new member is the inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (ICA), which as its name indicates, binds to and strongly inhibits certain isoforms of carbonic anhydrase. Recently, mouse ICA has been expressed as a recombinant protein in a mammalian cell system. Here, we describe the 2.4 Å structure of mouse ICA from a pseudomerohedral twinned crystal. As predicted, the structure is bilobal, comprised of two α-β domains per lobe typical of the other family members. As with all but insect TFs, the structure includes the unusual reverse γ-turn in each lobe. The structure is consistent with the fact that introduction of two mutations in the N-lobe of murine ICA (mICA) (W124R and S188Y) allowed it to bind iron with high affinity. Unexpectedly, both lobes of the mICA were found in the closed conformation usually associated with presence of iron in the cleft, and making the structure most similar to diferric pig TF. Two new ICA family members (guinea pig and horse) were identified from genomic sequences and used in evolutionary comparisons. Additionally, a comparison of selection pressure (dN/dS) on functional residues reveals some interesting insights into the evolution of the TF family including that the N-lobe of lactoferrin may be in the process of eliminating its iron binding function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Eckenroth
- Department of Biochemistry, University of VermontBurlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Anne B Mason
- Department of Biochemistry, University of VermontBurlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Meghan E McDevitt
- Department of Biology, Chatham UniversityPittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Lisa A Lambert
- Department of Biology, Chatham UniversityPittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Stephen J Everse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of VermontBurlington, Vermont 05405,*Correspondence to: Stephen J. Everse, Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405. E-mail:
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Li Y, Liu B, Zhao C, Yang B. Common Pathway for K562 Cells Endocytosis and Release of GaC-Tf and Ga2-Tf via a Transferrin Receptor. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jahromi EZ, White W, Wu Q, Yamdagni R, Gailer J. Remarkable effect of mobile phase buffer on the SEC-ICP-AES derived Cu, Fe and Zn-metalloproteome pattern of rabbit blood plasma. Metallomics 2010; 2:460-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c003321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Sooriyaarachchi M, Gailer J. Removal of Fe3+ and Zn2+ from plasma metalloproteins by iron chelating therapeutics depicted with SEC-ICP-AES. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:7466-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Manley SA, Byrns S, Lyon AW, Brown P, Gailer J. Simultaneous Cu-, Fe-, and Zn-specific detection of metalloproteins contained in rabbit plasma by size-exclusion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. J Biol Inorg Chem 2008; 14:61-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-008-0424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 08/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Biver T, Friani R, Gattai C, Secco F, Tiné MR, Venturini M. Mechanism of Indium(III) Exchange between NTA and Transferrin: A Kinetic Approach. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:12168-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8045033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Friani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gattai
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fernando Secco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tiné
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marcella Venturini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 35, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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Spectroscopic analysis of the interaction between gallium(III) and apoovotransferrin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2008; 91:137-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang JL, Li YQ, Yang BS. Spectral study on the binding of gadolinium ions with apoovotransferrin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2007; 67:1101-5. [PMID: 17092766 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The binding of Gd3+ ion to apoovotransferrin (apoOTf) was monitored by means of UV difference spectra in 0.01M Hepes, pH 7.4 at 25 degrees C. Used 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS) as fluorescence probe the conformational changes of protein were studied while gadolinium ions bound to apoOTf. The results show that Gd3+ binding produces peaks at 244 and 294 nm that is the characteristic of binding at the apoOTf specific metal-binding sites. At 244 nm the molar absorptivity of Gd-apoOTf complex is (1.99+/-0.17)x10(4)cm(-1)M(-1). The apparent binding constants for the complexes of Gd3+ with apoovotransferrin are logK(1)=7.61+/-0.14 and logK(2)=4.96+/-0.26. A very large conformational change of apoovotransferrin appears when Gd3+ is bound to the N-terminal binding site. When Gd3+ is bound to C-terminal binding site there is less conformational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Cini R, Defazio S, Tamasi G, Casolaro M, Messori L, Casini A, Morpurgo M, Hursthouse M. fac-{Ru(CO)3}2+-Core Complexes and Design of Metal-Based Drugs. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Ru−Thiazole Derivative with Serum Proteins and Absorption−Release Studies with Acryloyl and Silica Hydrogels as Carriers in Physiological Media. Inorg Chem 2006; 46:79-92. [PMID: 17198415 DOI: 10.1021/ic060755s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [Ru2(CO)6Cl4], 1, with excess THZ (1,3-thiazole) in absolute ethanol at 55 degrees C produces fac-[Ru(CO)3Cl2(THZ)], 2, in high yield. [Ru(CO)2Cl2(THZ)2], 3, is formed at higher temperature (ca 70 degrees C) and higher concentration of THZ. The X-ray structures of the new compounds have been determined, and density functional studies performed at the hybrid B3LYP/(Lanl2DZ, Ru; 6-311+G**, CHClNOS) level allowed the estimation of the structures of several conformers as well as that of their relative total electronic energies. Compound 2 is soluble (slowly) in aqueous media, where it reacts with the transport proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human apotransferrin (HTF), and at a lower extent with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and with guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP). The complex molecule is adsorbed by certain synthetic acryloyl polymers that have terminal carboxylate functions and is embedded in silica gels when these latter are prepared in the presence of a solution of 2. Ruthenium species are slowly released from the loaded gels into physiological solutions at pH 7.4. The reactivity of 2 with biomolecules and synthetic hydrogels makes it a compound of interest for anticancer and antimetastases tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Cini
- Department of Chemical and Biosystem Sciences and Technologies, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
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Wally J, Halbrooks PJ, Vonrhein C, Rould MA, Everse SJ, Mason AB, Buchanan SK. The crystal structure of iron-free human serum transferrin provides insight into inter-lobe communication and receptor binding. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:24934-44. [PMID: 16793765 PMCID: PMC1895924 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m604592200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum transferrin reversibly binds iron in each of two lobes and delivers it to cells by a receptor-mediated, pH-dependent process. The binding and release of iron result in a large conformational change in which two subdomains in each lobe close or open with a rigid twisting motion around a hinge. We report the structure of human serum transferrin (hTF) lacking iron (apo-hTF), which was independently determined by two methods: 1) the crystal structure of recombinant non-glycosylated apo-hTF was solved at 2.7-A resolution using a multiple wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing strategy, by substituting the nine methionines in hTF with selenomethionine and 2) the structure of glycosylated apo-hTF (isolated from serum) was determined to a resolution of 2.7A by molecular replacement using the human apo-N-lobe and the rabbit holo-C1-subdomain as search models. These two crystal structures are essentially identical. They represent the first published model for full-length human transferrin and reveal that, in contrast to family members (human lactoferrin and hen ovotransferrin), both lobes are almost equally open: 59.4 degrees and 49.5 degrees rotations are required to open the N- and C-lobes, respectively (compared with closed pig TF). Availability of this structure is critical to a complete understanding of the metal binding properties of each lobe of hTF; the apo-hTF structure suggests that differences in the hinge regions of the N- and C-lobes may influence the rates of iron binding and release. In addition, we evaluate potential interactions between apo-hTF and the human transferrin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Wally
- From National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Peter J. Halbrooks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Clemens Vonrhein
- Global Phasing Ltd., Sheraton House, Castle Park, Cambridge, CB3 0AX, UK, and
| | - Mark A. Rould
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Stephen J. Everse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Anne B. Mason
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Susan K. Buchanan
- From National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Li YQ, Liu B, Zhao CG, Zhang W, Yang BS. Characterization of transferrin receptor-dependent GaC–Tf–FeN transport in human leukemic HL60 cells. Clin Chim Acta 2006; 366:225-32. [PMID: 16360136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Revised: 10/11/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the uptake of GaC-Tf-FeN by cells will provide key insights into studies on transferrin-mediated drug delivery. METHODS The mechanism of GaC-Tf-FeN transporting into and out of HL60 cells has been investigated by comparing transports between GaC-Tf-FeN and apoTf by means of 125I-labeled transferrin. RESULTS An association constant for GaC-Tf-FeN was 2 times that for apoTf. GaC-Tf-FeN and apoTf of cell surface-bound displayed similar kinetics during the uptake, but the release rates of internalized GaC-Tf-FeN and apoTf from cells were different which showed characteristic disparate. The release continued to occur during the incubation of GaC-Tf-FeN in the presence of nonradioactive apoTf. Neither NaN3 nor NH4Cl could completely block internalization of GaC-Tf-FeN, but they prevented the release of GaC-Tf-FeN from the cells. Excess cold unlabeled apoTf could overcome the block in the release due to NH4Cl but not NaN3. The binding and internalization of GaC-Tf-FeN could be competitively inhibited by nonradioactive apoTf. It implies that both bind to the same receptor on the membrane and the localization of GaC-Tf-FeN resembles that of apoTf inside cells. Pretreated cells with pronase abolished the binding of GaC-Tf-FeN significantly. CONCLUSION On the basis of these findings, we proposed the "transferrin receptor" for the mechanism of GaC-Tf-FeN transport by HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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Harris WR, Brook CE, Spilling CD, Elleppan S, Peng W, Xin M, Wyk JV. Release of iron from transferrin by phosphonocarboxylate and diphosphonate chelating agents. J Inorg Biochem 2005; 98:1824-36. [PMID: 15522410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2004] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 08/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The rates at which phosphonocarboxylate and diphosphonate ligands remove iron from the serum iron transport protein transferrin at 25 degrees C and pH 7.4 have been evaluated. These ligands show a combination of saturation and first-order kinetics with respect to the free ligand concentrations. The ability of the ligands to remove iron from transferrin appears to be subject to steric restrictions that are essentially identical to those associated with the ability of a ligand to substitute for the synergistic carbonate anion. This observation supports the hypothesis that the first-order component for iron removal involves a mechanism in which the rate-limiting step is the slow substitution of the synergistic carbonate by the incoming chelating agent. Studies on monoferric transferrins indicate that phosphonocarboxylates are unusually effective at removing iron from the C-terminal site of the protein. Difference UV spectroscopy has been used to show that the phosphonocarboxylates bind strongly to apotransferrin. It is suggested that the rapid release of iron from the C-terminal site may be due to the binding of the ligand to an allosteric anion-binding site in the C-terminal lobe of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley R Harris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Drive, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
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Hissen AHT, Moore MM. Site-specific rate constants for iron acquisition from transferrin by the Aspergillus fumigatus siderophores N′,N′′,N′′′-triacetylfusarinine C and ferricrocin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2005; 10:211-20. [PMID: 15770504 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-005-0630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Despite low levels of free iron, A. fumigatus grows in the presence of human serum in part because it produces high concentrations of siderophores. The most abundant siderophores produced by A. fumigatus are N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C (TAF) and ferricrocin, both of which have thermodynamic iron binding constants that theoretically allow them to remove transferrin (Tf)-bound iron. Urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to measure the change in concentration of Tf species incubated with TAF or ferricrocin. The rate of removal of iron from diferric Tf by both siderophores was measured, as were the individual microscopic rates of iron removal from each Tf species (diferric Tf, N-terminal monoferric Tf and C-terminal monoferric Tf). TAF removed iron from all Tf species at a faster rate than ferricrocin. Both siderophores showed a preference for removing C-terminal iron, evidenced by the fact that k(1C) and k(2C) were much larger than k(1N) and k(2N). Cooperativity in iron binding was observed with TAF, as the C-terminal iron was removed by TAF much faster from monoferric than from diferric Tf. With both siderophores, C-terminal monoferric Tf concentrations remained below measurable levels during incubations. This indicates that k(2C) and k(1C) are much larger than k(1N). TAF and ferricrocin both removed Tf-bound iron with second-order rate constants that were comparable to those of the siderophores of several bacterial pathogens, indicating they may play a role in iron uptake in vivo and thereby contribute to the virulence of A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H T Hissen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6
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Hutcheson R, Engelmann MD, Cheng IF. A hypothesis for the basis of the pro-oxidant nature of calcium ions. Biometals 2004; 17:605-13. [PMID: 15689103 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-004-1225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new hypothesis describing the role of the redox inactive Ca2+ ion in the expression of physiological oxidative damage is described. The hypothesis is based on the optimization of the chelation characteristics of iron complexes for pro-oxidant activity. In a previous investigation it was found that an excess of ligand kinetically hindered the Fenton reaction activity of the FeII/III EDTA complex (Bobier et al. 2003). EDTA, citrate, NTA, and glutamate were selected as models for the coordination sites likely encountered by mobile iron, i.e. proteins. The optimal [EDTA]:[FeIII] ratio for Fenton reaction activity as measured by electrocatalytic voltammetry in a solution was found to be 1:1. An excess of EDTA in the amount of 10:1 [ligand]: [metal] suppresses the Fenton reaction activity to nearly the control. It is expected that the physiological coordination characteristics of mobile Fe would have a very large excess of [ligand]:[metal] and thus not be optimized for the Fenton reaction. Introduction of Ca2+ in to a ratio of 10:10:1 [Ca2+]:[EDTA]:[FeIII] to the system reinvigorated the Fenton reaction activity to nearly the value of the optimal 1:1 [EDTA] :[FeIII] complex. The pH distribution diagrams of Ca2+ in the presence of EDTA and FeII/III indicate that Ca2+ has the ability to uptake excess EDTA without displacing either FeII of FeIII from their respective complexed forms. The similarity in the presence for hard ligand sites albeit with a lower binding constant for Ca2+ accounts for this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hutcheson
- Department of chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA
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Crea F, De Stefano C, Millero FJ, Sharma VK. Dissociation Constants for Citric Acid in NaCl and KCl Solutions and their Mixtures at 25 °C. J SOLUTION CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-004-1046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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