1
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Momeni BZ, Abd-El-Aziz AS. Recent advances in the design and applications of platinum-based supramolecular architectures and macromolecules. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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2
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Sahu K, Angeloni S, Conradie J, Villa M, Nayak M, Ghosh A, Ceroni P, Kar S. NIR-emissive, singlet-oxygen-sensitizing gold tetra(thiocyano)corroles. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13236-13245. [PMID: 35968801 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01959k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Presented herein are two fully characterized gold tetrathiocyanocorroles representing a potentially significant new class of NIR-emissive 5d-metallocorroles. The four SCN groups on the bipyrrole unit of the corrole exert a powerful electron-withdrawing effect, upshifting both the oxidation and reduction potentials by roughly half a volt relative to their unsubstituted counterparts. That said, the upshift of the LUMO is somewhat higher than that of the HOMO so these complexes also exhibit a smaller HOMO-LUMO gap, as evinced in both electrochemical measurements and Q band energies (∼595 nm relative to ∼571 nm for their SCN-free counterparts). The new compounds exhibit NIR phosphorescence under ambient conditions with emission maxima around 900 nm (compared with 790 nm for simple Au triarylcorroles), phosphorescence quantum yields around 0.3%, phosphorescence lifetimes around 10 μs, and singlet oxygen sensitization with a quantum yield of around 50 ± 5% in solution, together signifying wide-ranging potential applications as triplet photosensitizers in oxygen sensing and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Sahu
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar - 752050, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - Sara Angeloni
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway. .,Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, Republic of South Africa
| | - Marco Villa
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Manisha Nayak
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar - 752050, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sanjib Kar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar - 752050, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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3
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Ahmerkamp S, Jalaluddin FM, Cui Y, Brumley DR, Pacherres CO, Berg JS, Stocker R, Kuypers MM, Koren K, Behrendt L. Simultaneous visualization of flow fields and oxygen concentrations to unravel transport and metabolic processes in biological systems. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100216. [PMID: 35637907 PMCID: PMC9142687 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
From individual cells to whole organisms, O2 transport unfolds across micrometer- to millimeter-length scales and can change within milliseconds in response to fluid flows and organismal behavior. The spatiotemporal complexity of these processes makes the accurate assessment of O2 dynamics via currently available methods difficult or unreliable. Here, we present "sensPIV," a method to simultaneously measure O2 concentrations and flow fields. By tracking O2-sensitive microparticles in flow using imaging technologies that allow for instantaneous referencing, we measured O2 transport within (1) microfluidic devices, (2) sinking model aggregates, and (3) complex colony-forming corals. Through the use of sensPIV, we find that corals use ciliary movement to link zones of photosynthetic O2 production to zones of O2 consumption. SensPIV can potentially be extendable to study flow-organism interactions across many life-science and engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soeren Ahmerkamp
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Yuan Cui
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Douglas R. Brumley
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Cesar O. Pacherres
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jasmine S. Berg
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roman Stocker
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Behrendt
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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4
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Heinrich E, Avlasevich Y, Landfester K, Baluschev S. How to Minimize Light-Organic Matter Interactions for All-Optical Sub-Cutaneous Temperature Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18860-18867. [PMID: 34337225 PMCID: PMC8320075 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Penetration and emanation of light into tissue are limited by the strong interaction of light with the tissue components, especially oxygenated hemoglobin and white adipose tissue. This limits the possibilities for all-optical minimal invasive sensing. In order to minimize the optical losses of light in and out of the tissue, only a narrow optical window between 630 and 900 nm is available. In this work, we realized for the first time all-optical temperature sensing within the narrow optical window for tissue by using the process of triplet-triplet annihilation photon energy upconversion (TTA-UC) as a sensing tool. For this, we apply the asymmetrical benzo-fused BODIPY dye as an optimal emitter and mixed palladium benzo-naphtho-porphyrins as an optimal sensitizer. The TTA-UC sensing system is excited with λ = 658 nm with an extremely low intensity of 1 mW × cm-2 and is factual-protected for a time period longer than 100 s against oxygen-stimulated damage, allowing a stable demonstration of this T-sensing system also in an oxygen-rich environment without losing sensitivity. The sensing dyes we embed in the natural wax/natural matrix, which is intrinsically biocompatible, are approved by the FDA as food additives. The demonstrated temperature sensitivity is higher than ΔT = 200 mK placed around the physiologically relevant temperature of T = 36 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Heinrich
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuri Avlasevich
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stanislav Baluschev
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Sofia
University “St. Kliment Ochridski”, 5 James Bourchier Blvd, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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5
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Synthesis of 5-alkynyl bicycloporphyrins as a synthon of 5-ethynyl bicycloporphyrin. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Tyulyaeva EY. Reaction chemistry of noble metal porphyrins in solutions as a foundation for practical applications. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Kumar S, Webre WA, Stewart C, D'Souza F, Wang H. A Synthetic Approach to β-Functionalized Naphtho[2,3]porphyrins. Org Lett 2020; 22:7078-7082. [PMID: 32898422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthetic method has been developed to access functionalized naphtho[2,3]porphyrins through combining two sequence reactions involving a Heck-electrocyclization-aromatization sequence and a Wittig-Knovenegal sequence. Using this method, mononaphtho[2,3]porphyrin (NP-1), opp-dinaphtho[2,3]porphyrin (NP-2), and push-pull naphtho[2,3]porphyrin (NP-3) have been prepared. These naphtho[2,3]porphyrins displayed interesting optical and electrochemical properties. Excellent efficiencies of singlet oxygen generation were obtained for these naphtho[2,3]porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Whitney A Webre
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Courtney Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
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8
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Ruppel M, Gazetas L, Lungerich D, Jux N. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Hexabenzocoronene‐Tetrabenzoporphyrin Architectures. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lampros‐Pascal Gazetas
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 50 Yonsei‐ro, Seodaemun‐gu Center for Nanomedicine 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Nikolaus‐Fiebiger‐Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
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9
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Ruppel M, Gazetas LP, Lungerich D, Hampel F, Jux N. Investigations of Low-Symmetrical Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins Produced by Mixed Condensation Reactions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7781-7792. [PMID: 32408737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Within the past decade, tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins (TATBPs) have gained rising attention due to their potential in various fields of materials science and medicinal chemistry. However, this class of compounds still lacks in structural diversity, especially in the case of low-symmetrical compounds. Herein, mixed condensations were utilized to generate TATBPs with different substituents either in the meso-positions or the periphery of the macrocycle with total yields of 55-58%. The separation of crude mixtures was achieved by feasible chromatographic purification. The influence of symmetry on the electronic properties of TATBPs was studied by optical spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lampros-Pascal Gazetas
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Ruppel M, Lungerich D, Sturm S, Lippert R, Hampel F, Jux N. A Comprehensive Study on Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins. Chemistry 2020; 26:3287-3296. [PMID: 31846109 PMCID: PMC7154557 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetraaryltetrabenzoporphyrins (TATBPs) show, due to their optoelectronic properties, rising potential as dyes in various fields of physical and biomedical sciences. However, unlike in the case of porphyrins, the potential structural diversity of TATBPs has been explored only to little extent, owed mainly to synthetic hurdles. Herein, we prepared a comprehensive library of 30 TATBPs and investigated their fundamental properties. We elucidated structural properties by X-ray crystallography and found explanations for physical properties such as solubility. Fundamental electronic aspects were studied by optical spectroscopy as well as by electrochemistry and brought in context to the stability of the molecules. Finally, we were able to develop a universal synthetic protocol, utilizing a readily established isoindole synthon, which gives TATBPs in high yields, regardless of the nature of the used arylaldehyde and without meticulous chromatographic purifications steps. This work serves as point of orientation for scientists, that aim to utilize these molecules in materials, nanotechnological, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruppel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Lungerich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Sabrina Sturm
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Bioinorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergEgerlandstr. 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Rainer Lippert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Bioinorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NuernbergEgerlandstr. 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for, Molecular Materials (ICMM)Organic Chemistry IIFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen–NuernbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
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11
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Tyulyaeva EY. Modern Approaches in the Synthesis of Noble Metal Porphyrins for Their Practical Application (Review). RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023619140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Falohun T, McShane MJ. An Optical Urate Biosensor Based on Urate Oxidase and Long-Lifetime Metalloporphyrins. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E959. [PMID: 32053932 PMCID: PMC7070708 DOI: 10.3390/s20040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Gout is a condition that affects over 8 million Americans. This condition is characterized by severe pain, and in more advanced cases, bone erosion and joint destruction. This study explores the fabrication and characterization of an optical, enzymatic urate biosensor for gout management, and the optimization of the biosensor response through the tuning of hydrogel matrix properties. Sensors were fabricated through the co-immobilization of oxygen-quenched phosphorescent probes with an oxidoreductase within a biocompatible copolymer hydrogel matrix. Characterization of the spectral properties and hydrogel swelling was conducted, as well as evaluation of the response sensitivity and long-term stability of the urate biosensor. The findings indicate that increased acrylamide concentration improved the biosensor response by yielding an increased sensitivity and reduced lower limit of detection. However, the repeatability and stability tests highlighted some possible areas of improvement, with a consistent response drift observed during repeatability testing and a reduction in response seen after long-term storage tests. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of an on-demand, patient-friendly gout management tool, while paving the way for a future multi-analyte biosensor based on this sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokunbo Falohun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Michael J. McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 3003 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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13
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Volostnykh MV, Borisov SM, Konovalov MA, Sinelshchikova AA, Gorbunova YG, Tsivadze AY, Meyer M, Stern C, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Platinum(ii) and palladium(ii) complexes with electron-deficient meso-diethoxyphosphorylporphyrins: synthesis, structure and tuning of photophysical properties by varying peripheral substituents. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8882-8898. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The luminescence quenching by O2 and photodegradation of Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) phosphorylporphyrins are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. Volostnykh
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Graz University of Technology
- A-8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Mikhail A. Konovalov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
- Chemistry Department
| | - Anna A. Sinelshchikova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
| | - Michel Meyer
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB)
- UMR 6302 CNRS
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Christine Stern
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB)
- UMR 6302 CNRS
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB)
- UMR 6302 CNRS
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
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14
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Zhang Y, Chen Z, Wang X, He J, Wu J, Liu H, Song J, Qu J, Chan WTK, Wong WY. Achieving NIR Emission for Donor-Acceptor Type Platinum(II) Complexes by Adjusting Coordination Position with Isomeric Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14208-14217. [PMID: 30387603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four platinum(II) complexes Pt-1, Pt-2, Pt-3, and Pt-4 with the isomeric donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated ligand framework are designed and prepared, and their thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical characteristics investigated. Crystal structures for Pt-1 and Pt-4 are determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, showing distorted and nonplanar geometry. Complex Pt-4 exhibits much greater distortion, attributed to the steric interactions between benzothiadiazole and naphthalene. Remarkably different photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties are found for these platinum(II) complexes. Photoluminescence wavelengths of these complexes range from 590 to 800 nm with bandgaps of 1.7-2.0 eV. Coordination with [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4- c]pyridine and triphenylamine can enhance D-A interactions, reducing the bandgap and producing near-infrared emission for Pt-3. Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) display electroluminescence with emission peaks at 626, 645, 826, and 571 nm, with maximum external quantum efficiencies of 0.13%, 0.04%, 0.49%, and 0.22% for Pt-1, Pt-2, Pt-3, and Pt-4 doped OLEDs, respectively. Thus, adjusting the coordination position with the isomeric conjugation framework ligand is an appropriate strategy to tune the light-emitting properties of platinum complexes in OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Junjie He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Jiatao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Wesley Ting-Kwok Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Hong Kong , P. R. China
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15
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Filho AFDM, Gewehr PM, Maia JM, Jakubiak DR. Polystyrene Oxygen Optodes Doped with Ir(III) and Pd(II) meso-Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin Using an LED-Based High-Sensitivity Phosphorimeter. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E1953. [PMID: 29914139 PMCID: PMC6021951 DOI: 10.3390/s18061953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a gaseous oxygen detection system based on time-resolved phosphorimetry (time-domain), which is used to investigate O2 optical transducers. The primary sensing elements were formed by incorporating iridium(III) and palladium(II) meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin complexes (IrTFPP-CO-Cl and PdTFPP) in polystyrene (PS) solid matrices. Probe excitation was obtained using a violet light-emitting diode (LED) (low power), and the resulting phosphorescence was detected by a high-sensitivity compact photomultiplier tube. The detection system performance and the preparation of the transducers are presented along with their optical properties, phosphorescence lifetimes, calibration curves and photostability. The developed lifetime measuring system showed a good signal-to-noise ratio, and reliable results were obtained from the optodes, even when exposed to moderate levels of O2. The new IrTFPP-CO-Cl membranes exhibited room temperature phosphorescence and moderate sensitivity: <τ0>/<τ21%> ratio of ≈6. A typically high degree of dynamic phosphorescence quenching was observed for the traditional indicator PdTFPP: <τ0>/<τ21%> ratio of ≈36. Pulsed-source time-resolved phosphorimetry combined with a high-sensitivity photodetector can offer potential advantages such as: (i) major dynamic range, (ii) extended temporal resolution (Δτ/Δ[O2]) and (iii) high operational stability. IrTFPP-CO-Cl immobilized in polystyrene is a promising alternative for O2 detection, offering adequate photostability and potentially mid-range sensitivity over Pt(II) and Pd(II) metalloporphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro M Gewehr
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil.
| | - Joaquim M Maia
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI), Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil.
| | - Douglas R Jakubiak
- Department of Electronics (DAELN), Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil.
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16
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Zach PW, Hofmann OT, Klimant I, Borisov SM. NIR Phosphorescent Intramolecularly Bridged Benzoporphyrins and Their Application in Oxygen-Compensated Glucose Optode. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2741-2748. [PMID: 29376644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A glucose optode measuring the internal oxygen gradient is presented. The multilayer biosensor is composed of (i) analyte-impermeable transparent support, (ii) first oxygen-sensing layer combined with an enzymatic layer, (iii) diffusion barrier, and (iv) second oxygen-sensing layer. To make this design suitable for measurement in subcutaneous tissue, a pair of NIR phosphorescent indicators with very different spectral properties is chosen. Combination of a conventional Pt(II) tetrabenzoporphyrin dye (absorption and emission maxima at 617 and 772 nm, respectively) used in the first layer and a new intramolecularly bridged Pt(II) complex (absorption and emission maxima at 673 and 872 nm, respectively) in the second layer enables efficient separation of both emission signals. This specially designed dye class is accessible via Scholl-reaction from tetraphenyltetrabenzoporphyrin complexes. For the first time, the new optode allows simultaneous glucose and oxygen measurement in a single spot and therefore accurate compensation of oxygen heterogeneities resulting from fluctuations in the tissue. The presented material covers the dynamic ranges from 0 to 150 hPa O2 and from 0 to 360 mg/dL (20 mM) glucose (at 37 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Zach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver T Hofmann
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
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17
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Zach PW, Freunberger SA, Klimant I, Borisov SM. Electron-Deficient Near-Infrared Pt(II) and Pd(II) Benzoporphyrins with Dual Phosphorescence and Unusually Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: First Demonstration of Simultaneous Oxygen and Temperature Sensing with a Single Emitter. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38008-38023. [PMID: 29016109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a family of Pt and Pd benzoporphyrin dyes with versatile photophysical properties and easy access from cheap and abundant chemicals. Attaching 4 or 8 alkylsulfone groups onto a meso-tetraphenyltetrabenzoporphyrin (TPTBP) macrocylcle renders the dyes highly soluble in organic solvents, photostable, and electron-deficient with the redox potential raised up to 0.65 V versus the parent porphyrin. The new dyes intensively absorb in the blue (Soret band, 440-480 nm) and in the red (Q-band, 620-650 nm) parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and show bright phosphorescence at room-temperature in the NIR with quantum yields up to 30% in solution. The small singlet-triplet energy gap yields unusually efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) at elevated temperatures in solution and in polymeric matrices with quantum yields as high as 27% at 120 °C, which is remarkable for benzoporphyrins. Apart from oxygen sensing, these properties enable unprecedented simultaneous, self-referenced oxygen and temperature sensing with a single indicator dye: whereas oxygen can be determined either via the decay time of phosphorescence or TADF, the temperature is accessed via the ratio of the two emissions. Moreover, the dyes are efficient sensitizers for triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA)-based upconversion making possible longer sensitization wavelength than the conventional benzoporphyrin complexes. The Pt-octa-sulfone dye also features interesting semireversible transformation in basic media, which generates new NIR absorbing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Zach
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgase 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan A Freunberger
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgase 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgase 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgase 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
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18
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Pushpanandan P, Maurya YK, Omagari T, Hirosawa R, Ishida M, Mori S, Yasutake Y, Fukatsu S, Mack J, Nyokong T, Furuta H. Singly and Doubly N-Confused Calix[4]phyrin Organoplatinum(II) Complexes as Near-IR Triplet Sensitizers. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12572-12580. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poornenth Pushpanandan
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Omagari
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hirosawa
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Yasutake
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Susumu Fukatsu
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - John Mack
- Department
of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department
of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular
Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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19
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Li Z, Navarro-Alvarez N, Keeley EJ, Nowell NH, Goncalves BMM, Huang CA, Evans CL. Non-invasive monitoring of skin inflammation using an oxygen-sensing paint-on bandage. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4640-4651. [PMID: 29082091 PMCID: PMC5654806 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation involves a cascade of cellular and molecular mediators that ultimately lead to the infiltration of immune cells into the affected area. This inflammatory process in skin is common to many diseases including acne, infection, and psoriasis, with the presence or absence of immune cells a potential diagnostic marker. Here we show that skin inflammation can be non-invasively measured and mapped using a paint-on oxygen sensing bandage in an in vivo porcine inflammation model. After injection of a known inflammatory agent, the bandage could track the increase, plateau, and decrease in oxygen consumption at the injury site over 7 weeks, as well as discern inflammation resultant from injection at various depths beneath the surface of the skin. Both the initial rate of pO2 change and the change in bandage pO2 at equilibration (CBP20) were found to be directly related to the metabolic oxygen consumption rate of the tissue in contact. Healthy skin demonstrated an initial pO2 decrease rate of 6.5 [Formula: see text], and CBP20 of 84 [Formula: see text]. Inflamed skin had a significantly higher initial consumption rate of 55 [Formula: see text], and a larger CBP20 of 140 [Formula: see text]. The change in the bandage pO2 before and after equilibration with tissue was found to correlate well with histological evidence of skin inflammation in the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxi Li
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Nalu Navarro-Alvarez
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Emily J. Keeley
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Nowell
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Beatriz M. M. Goncalves
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Christene A. Huang
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Conor L. Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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20
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Önal E, Saß S, Hurpin J, Ertekin K, Topal SZ, Kumke MU, Hirel C. Lifetime-Based Oxygen Sensing Properties of palladium(II) and platinum(II) meso-tetrakis(4-phenylethynyl)phenylporphyrin. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:861-868. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-2022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Synthesis of meso-substituted tetrabenzoporphyrin via selective meso-bromination of bicycloporphyrin. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Kang J, Zhang X, Zhou H, Gai X, Jia T, Xu L, Zhang J, Li Y, Ni J. 1-D “Platinum Wire” Stacking Structure Built of Platinum(II) Diimine Bis(σ-acetylide) Units with Luminescence in the NIR Region. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10208-10217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Kang
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Huajun Zhou
- High Density
Electronics Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Xuqiao Gai
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Ting Jia
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yanqin Li
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ni
- College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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23
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The Rise of Near-Infrared Emitters: Organic Dyes, Porphyrinoids, and Transition Metal Complexes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:47. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Chow PK, Cheng G, Tong GSM, Ma C, Kwok WM, Ang WH, Chung CYS, Yang C, Wang F, Che CM. Highly luminescent palladium(ii) complexes with sub-millisecond blue to green phosphorescent excited states. Photocatalysis and highly efficient PSF-OLEDs. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6083-6098. [PMID: 30034749 PMCID: PMC6024183 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00462h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladium(ii) complexes supported by tetradentate [N^C^C^N] and [O^N^C^N] ligand systems display sky blue to red phosphorescence with emission quantum yields and emission lifetimes up to 0.64 and 272 μs, respectively. Femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence (fs-TRF) measurements on these Pd(ii) complexes reveal a fast intersystem crossing from singlet to triplet manifolds with time constants of 0.6-21 ps. DFT/TDDFT calculations revealed that, as a result of the spiro-fluorene and bridging tertiary amine units of the ligands, the T1 excited state is more ligand-localized and has smaller structural distortion, leading to slower non-radiative decay as well as radiative decay of T1 → S0 transition and thereby highly emissive, long-lived triplet excited states. The Pd(ii) complexes have been found to be efficient catalysts for visible light-driven, reductive C-C bond formation from unactivated alkyl bromides with conversions and yields of up to 90% and 83%, respectively. These complexes have also been employed as photosensitizers for [2 + 2] cycloaddition of styrenes, with conversions and yields comparable to those of the reported Ir(iii) complexes. Both green and sky blue organic-light emitting devices (OLEDs) have been generated with these Pd(ii) complexes as guest emitters. Maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of up to 16.5% have been achieved in the sky blue OLEDs. The long emission lifetimes render the Pd(ii) complexes good sensitizers for phosphor-sensitized fluorescent OLEDs (PSF-OLEDs). By utilizing these phosphorescent Pd(ii) complexes as sensitizers, highly efficient green and yellow PSF-OLEDs having high EQE (up to 14.3%), high colour purity and long operation lifetimes, with 90% of initial luminance (LT90) for more than 80 000 h, have been realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Keong Chow
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chensheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Wai-Ming Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Wai-Hung Ang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Clive Yik-Sham Chung
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China . .,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053 , China
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25
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Önal E, Ay Z, Yel Z, Ertekin K, Gürek AG, Topal SZ, Hirel C. Design of oxygen sensing nanomaterial: synthesis, encapsulation of phenylacetylide substituted Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) meso-tetraphenylporphyrins into poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) nanofibers and influence of silver nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24817e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Room temperature phosphorescent oxygen sensors have been designed by embedding symmetric palladium(ii) or platinum(ii) meso-tetraphenylporphyrins in poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) in the form of nanofibers along with/without silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Önal
- Gebze Technical University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ay
- Dokuz Eylul University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Zübeyde Yel
- Gebze Technical University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Kadriye Ertekin
- Dokuz Eylul University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Izmir
- Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Gebze Technical University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Sevinc Zehra Topal
- Gebze Technical University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze
- Turkey
| | - Catherine Hirel
- Gebze Technical University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze
- Turkey
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26
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Staudinger C, Borisov SM. Long-wavelength analyte-sensitive luminescent probes and optical (bio)sensors. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:042005. [PMID: 27134748 PMCID: PMC4849553 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/4/042005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long-wavelength luminescent probes and sensors become increasingly popular. They offer the advantage of lower levels of autofluorescence in most biological probes. Due to high penetration depth and low scattering of red and NIR light such probes potentially enable in vivo measurements in tissues and some of them have already reached a high level of reliability required for such applications. This review focuses on the recent progress in development and application of long-wavelength analyte-sensitive probes which can operate both reversibly and irreversibly. Photophysical properties, sensing mechanisms, advantages and limitations of individual probes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Staudinger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
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27
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Sun S, Ungerböck B, Mayr T. Imaging of oxygen in microreactors and microfluidic systems. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:034002. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/3/034002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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28
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Yamashita KI, Katsumata N, Tomita S, Fuwa M, Fujimaki K, Yoda T, Hirano D, Sugiura KI. Facile and Practical Synthesis of Platinum(II) Porphyrins under Mild Conditions. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.141112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Natsuki Katsumata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Shohei Tomita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Miki Fuwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Keisuke Fujimaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Takuya Yoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Daisuke Hirano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Ken-ichi Sugiura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
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29
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Nacht B, Larndorfer C, Sax S, Borisov SM, Hajnsek M, Sinner F, List-Kratochvil EJ, Klimant I. Integrated catheter system for continuous glucose measurement and simultaneous insulin infusion. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:102-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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30
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Li Z, Roussakis E, Koolen PGL, Ibrahim AMS, Kim K, Rose LF, Wu J, Nichols AJ, Baek Y, Birngruber R, Apiou-Sbirlea G, Matyal R, Huang T, Chan R, Lin SJ, Evans CL. Non-invasive transdermal two-dimensional mapping of cutaneous oxygenation with a rapid-drying liquid bandage. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:3748-64. [PMID: 25426308 PMCID: PMC4242015 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen plays an important role in wound healing, as it is essential to biological functions such as cell proliferation, immune responses and collagen synthesis. Poor oxygenation is directly associated with the development of chronic ischemic wounds, which affect more than 6 million people each year in the United States alone at an estimated cost of $25 billion. Knowledge of oxygenation status is also important in the management of burns and skin grafts, as well as in a wide range of skin conditions. Despite the importance of the clinical determination of tissue oxygenation, there is a lack of rapid, user-friendly and quantitative diagnostic tools that allow for non-disruptive, continuous monitoring of oxygen content across large areas of skin and wounds to guide care and therapeutic decisions. In this work, we describe a sensitive, colorimetric, oxygen-sensing paint-on bandage for two-dimensional mapping of tissue oxygenation in skin, burns, and skin grafts. By embedding both an oxygen-sensing porphyrin-dendrimer phosphor and a reference dye in a liquid bandage matrix, we have created a liquid bandage that can be painted onto the skin surface and dries into a thin film that adheres tightly to the skin or wound topology. When captured by a camera-based imaging device, the oxygen-dependent phosphorescence emission of the bandage can be used to quantify and map both the pO2 and oxygen consumption of the underlying tissue. In this proof-of-principle study, we first demonstrate our system on a rat ischemic limb model to show its capabilities in sensing tissue ischemia. It is then tested on both ex vivo and in vivo porcine burn models to monitor the progression of burn injuries. Lastly, the bandage is applied to an in vivo porcine graft model for monitoring the integration of full- and partial-thickness skin grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxi Li
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
| | - Emmanuel Roussakis
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
| | - Pieter G. L. Koolen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 110 Francis Street Suite 5A, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Ahmed M. S. Ibrahim
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 110 Francis Street Suite 5A, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Kuylhee Kim
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 110 Francis Street Suite 5A, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Lloyd F. Rose
- Dental and Trauma Research Detachment, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Suite B, JBSA –Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-7767,
USA
| | - Jesse Wu
- Dental and Trauma Research Detachment, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Suite B, JBSA –Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-7767,
USA
| | - Alexander J. Nichols
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
- Harvard University Program in Biophysics, Building C2 Room 112, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue E25-519, Cambridge, MA 02139,
USA
| | - Yunjung Baek
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701,
South Korea
| | - Reginald Birngruber
- University of Lübeck, Institute of Biomedical Optics, Lübeck, Peter Monnik Weg 4, 23562 Lübeck,
Germany
| | - Gabriela Apiou-Sbirlea
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
| | - Robina Matyal
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Thomas Huang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Rodney Chan
- Dental and Trauma Research Detachment, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Suite B, JBSA –Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-7767,
USA
| | - Samuel J. Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 110 Francis Street Suite 5A, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,
USA
| | - Conor L. Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA
- Harvard University Program in Biophysics, Building C2 Room 112, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
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31
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Huang L, Yang W, Zhao J. Switching of the triplet excited state of styryl 2,6-diiodo-bodipy and its application in acid-activatable singlet oxygen photosensitizing. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10240-55. [PMID: 25279767 DOI: 10.1021/jo5019014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
IodoBodipy-styrylBodipy dyads triplet photosensitizers were prepared (B-1 and B-2) which contain acid-responsive moiety. Both compounds show broadband visible light absorption, due to the resonance energy transfer (RET) between the two different visible light-harvesting Bodipy units. The photophysical properties of the dyads were studied with steady-state and nanosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The production of triplet excited state is switched ON or OFF by protonation/deprotonation of the amino group in the dyads. In the neutral form, the excited state is short-lived (<10 ns) and no singlet oxygen ((1)O2) photosensitizing was observed. Upon protonation, a long-lived triplet excited state was observed (τT = 3.1 μs) and the (1)O2 quantum yield (ΦΔ) is up to 73.8%. The energy levels of the components of the dyads were changed upon protonation and this energy level tuning exerts significant influence on the triplet state property of the dyad. Acid-activated shuffling of the localization of the triplet excited state between two components of a dyad was observed. Furthermore, we observed a rare example that a chromophore giving shorter absorption wavelength is acting as the singlet energy acceptor in RET. The experimental results were rationalized by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China
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32
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Esipova T, Vinogradov SA. Synthesis of phosphorescent asymmetrically π-extended porphyrins for two-photon applications. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8812-25. [PMID: 25157580 PMCID: PMC4168792 DOI: 10.1021/jo501521x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significant effort has been directed in recent years toward porphyrins with enhanced two-photon absorption (2PA). However, the properties of their triplet states, which are central to many applications, have rarely been examined in parallel. Here we report the synthesis of asymmetrically π-extended platinum(II) and palladium(II) porphyrins, whose 2PA into single-photon-absorbing states is enhanced as a result of the broken center-of-inversion symmetry and whose triplet states can be monitored by room-temperature phosphorescence. 5,15-Diaryl-syn-dibenzoporphyrins (DBPs) and syn-dinaphthoporphyrins (DNPs) were synthesized by [2 + 2] condensation of the corresponding dipyrromethanes and subsequent oxidative aromatization. Butoxycarbonyl groups on the meso-aryl rings render these porphyrins well-soluble in a range of organic solvents, while 5,15-meso-aryl substitution causes minimal nonplanar distortion of the macrocycle, ensuring high triplet emissivity. A syn-DBP bearing four alkoxycarbonyl groups in the benzo rings and possessing a large static dipole moment was also synthesized. Photophysical properties (2PA brightness and phosphorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) of the new porphyrins were measured, and their ground-state structures were determined by DFT calculations and/or X-ray analysis. The developed synthetic methods should facilitate the construction of π-extended porphyrins for applications requiring high two-photon triplet action cross sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana
V. Esipova
- Department of Biochemistry
and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sergei A. Vinogradov
- Department of Biochemistry
and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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33
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Svagan AJ, Busko D, Avlasevich Y, Glasser G, Baluschev S, Landfester K. Photon energy upconverting nanopaper: a bioinspired oxygen protection strategy. ACS NANO 2014; 8:8198-8207. [PMID: 25019338 DOI: 10.1021/nn502496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid materials which are able to upconvert optical radiation into photons of higher energy is attractive for many applications such as photocatalytic cells and photovoltaic devices. However, to fully exploit triplet-triplet annihilation photon energy upconversion (TTA-UC), oxygen protection is imperative because molecular oxygen is an ultimate quencher of the photon upconversion process. So far, reported solid TTA-UC materials have focused mainly on elastomeric matrices with low barrier properties because the TTA-UC efficiency generally drops significantly in glassy and semicrystalline matrices. To overcome this limit, for example, combine effective and sustainable annihilation upconversion with exhaustive oxygen protection of dyes, we prepare a sustainable solid-state-like material based on nanocellulose. Inspired by the structural buildup of leaves in Nature, we compartmentalize the dyes in the liquid core of nanocellulose-based capsules which are then further embedded in a cellulose nanofibers (NFC) matrix. Using pristine cellulose nanofibers, a sustainable and environmentally friendly functional nanomaterial with ultrahigh barrier properties is achieved. Also, an ensemble of sensitizers and emitter compounds are encapsulated, which allow harvesting of the energy of the whole deep-red sunlight region. The films demonstrate excellent lifetime in synthetic air (20.5/79.5, O2/N2)-even after 1 h operation, the intensity of the TTA-UC signal decreased only 7.8% for the film with 8.8 μm thick NFC coating. The lifetime can be further modulated by the thickness of the protective NFC coating. For comparison, the lifetime of TTA-UC in liquids exposed to air is on the level of seconds to minutes due to fast oxygen quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Svagan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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34
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Wang XD, Wolfbeis OS. Optical methods for sensing and imaging oxygen: materials, spectroscopies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3666-761. [PMID: 24638858 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00039k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We review the current state of optical methods for sensing oxygen. These have become powerful alternatives to electrochemical detection and in the process of replacing the Clark electrode in many fields. The article (with 694 references) is divided into main sections on direct spectroscopic sensing of oxygen, on absorptiometric and luminescent probes, on polymeric matrices and supports, on additives and related materials, on spectroscopic schemes for read-out and imaging, and on sensing formats (such as waveguide sensing, sensor arrays, multiple sensors and nanosensors). We finally discuss future trends and applications and summarize the properties of the most often used indicator probes and polymers. The ESI† (with 385 references) gives a selection of specific applications of such sensors in medicine, biology, marine and geosciences, intracellular sensing, aerodynamics, industry and biotechnology, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-dong Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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35
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Carvalho CMB, Brocksom TJ, de Oliveira KT. Tetrabenzoporphyrins: synthetic developments and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:3302-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35500d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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36
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Koren K, Hutter L, Enko B, Pein A, Borisov SM, Klimant I. Tuning the dynamic range and sensitivity of optical oxygen-sensors by employing differently substituted polystyrene-derivatives. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2013; 176:344-350. [PMID: 23576846 PMCID: PMC3617881 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ten different polystyrene-derivatives were tested with respect to their potential use as matrix materials for optical oxygen sensors in combination with the platinum(II) meso-tetra(4-fluorophenyl)tetrabenzoporphyrin as indicator dye. Either halogen atoms or bulky residues were introduced as substituents on the phenyl ring. A fine-tuning of the sensor sensitivity was achieved, without compromising solubility of the indicator in the matrix by providing a chemical environment very similar to polystyrene (PS), a standard matrix in optical oxygen sensors. To put the results into perspective, the studied materials were compared to PS regarding sensitivity of the sensor, molecular weight and glass-transition temperature. The materials promise to be viable alternatives to PS with respect to the requirements posed in various sensor application fields. Some of the polymers (e.g. poly(2,6-dichlorostyrene)) promise to be of use in applications requiring measurements from 0 to 100% oxygen due to linearity across this range. Poly(4-tert-butylstyrene) and poly(2,6-fluorostyrene), on the other hand, yield sensors with increased sensitivity. Sensor stability was evaluated as a function of the matrix, a topic which has not received a lot of interest so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Koren
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Hutter
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Enko
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Pein
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
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37
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Xiang H, Cheng J, Ma X, Zhou X, Chruma JJ. Near-infrared phosphorescence: materials and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6128-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Filatov MA, Baluschev S, Ilieva IZ, Enkelmann V, Miteva T, Landfester K, Aleshchenkov SE, Cheprakov AV. Tetraaryltetraanthra[2,3]porphyrins: synthesis, structure, and optical properties. J Org Chem 2012. [PMID: 23205621 DOI: 10.1021/jo302135q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic route to symmetrical tetraaryltetraanthra[2,3]porphyrins (Ar(4)TAPs) was developed. Ar(4)TAPs bearing various substituents in meso-phenyls and anthracene residues were prepared from the corresponding pyrrolic precursors. The synthesized porphyrins possess high solubility and exhibit remarkably strong absorption bands in the near-infrared region (790-950 nm). The scope of the method, selection of the peripheral substituents, choice of the metal, and their influence on the optical properties are discussed together with the first X-ray crystallographic data for anthraporphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Filatov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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39
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Borisov SM, Saf R, Fischer R, Klimant I. Synthesis and Properties of New Phosphorescent Red Light-Excitable Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes with Schiff Bases for Oxygen Sensing and Triplet–Triplet Annihilation-Based Upconversion. Inorg Chem 2012; 52:1206-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301440k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, ‡Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Materials, and §Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Saf
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, ‡Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Materials, and §Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, ‡Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Materials, and §Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, ‡Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Materials, and §Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
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40
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Abstract
Continuous monitoring of oxygen concentration is of great importance in many different areas of research which range from medical applications to food packaging. In the last three decades, significant progress has been made in the field of optical sensing technology and this review will highlight the one inherent to the development of oxygen indicators. The first section outlines the bioanalytical fields in which optical oxygen sensors have been applied. The second section gives the reader a comprehensive summary of the existing oxygen indicators with a critical highlight on their photophysical and sensing properties. Altogether, this review is meant to give the potential user a guide to select the most suitable oxygen indicator for the particular application of interest.
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41
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Xu HJ, Mack J, Wu D, Xue ZL, Descalzo AB, Rurack K, Kobayashi N, Shen Z. Synthesis and Properties of Fused-Ring-Expanded Porphyrins that were Core-Modified with Group 16 Heteroatoms. Chemistry 2012; 18:16844-67. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Koren K, Borisov SM, Klimant I. Stable optical oxygen sensing materials based on click-coupling of fluorinated platinum(II) and palladium(II) porphyrins-A convenient way to eliminate dye migration and leaching. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2012; 169:173-181. [PMID: 23576845 PMCID: PMC3617919 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitution of the labile para-fluorine atoms of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl groups enables a click-based covalent linkage of an oxygen indicator (platinum(II) or palladium(II) 5,10,15,20-meso-tetrakis-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-porphyrin) to the sensor matrix. Copolymers of styrene and pentafluorostyrene are chosen as polymeric materials. Depending on the reaction conditions either soluble sensor materials or cross-linked microparticles are obtained. Additionally, we prepared Ormosil-based sensors with linked indicator, which showed very high sensitivity toward oxygen. The effect of covalent coupling on sensor characteristics, stability and photophysical properties is studied. It is demonstrated that leaching and migration of the dye are eliminated in the new materials but excellent photophysical properties of the indicators are preserved.
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43
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Jiang XZ, Cai CX, Liu JT, Uno H. Novel syntheses and properties of meso-tetraaryl-octabromo-tetranaphtho[2,3]porphyrins (Ar4Br8TNPs). Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3110-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob00041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Esipova TV, Karagodov A, Miller J, Wilson DF, Busch TM, Vinogradov SA. Two new "protected" oxyphors for biological oximetry: properties and application in tumor imaging. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8756-65. [PMID: 21961699 DOI: 10.1021/ac2022234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, calibration, and examples of application of two new phosphorescent probes, Oxyphor R4 and Oxyphor G4, optimized specifically for in vivo oxygen imaging by phosphorescence quenching. These "protected" dendritic probes can operate in either albumin-rich (blood plasma) or albumin-free (interstitial space) environments at all physiological oxygen concentrations, from normoxic to deep hypoxic conditions. Oxyphors R4 and G4 are derived from phosphorescent Pd-meso-tetra-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-porphyrin (PdP) or Pd-meso-tetra-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-tetrabenzoporphyrin (PdTBP), respectively, and possess features common for protected dendritic probes, i.e., hydrophobic dendritic encapsulation of phosphorescent metalloporphyrins and hydrophilic PEGylated periphery. The new Oxyphors are highly soluble in aqueous environments and do not permeate biological membranes. The probes were calibrated under physiological conditions (pH 6.4-7.8) and temperatures (22-38 °C), showing high stability, reproducibility of signals, and lack of interactions with biological solutes. Oxyphor G4 was used to dynamically image intravascular and interstitial oxygenation in murine tumors in vivo. The physiological relevance of the measurements was demonstrated by dynamically recording changes in tissue oxygenation during application of anesthesia (isofluorane). These experiments revealed that changes in isofluorane concentration significantly affect tissue oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Esipova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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45
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46
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Drouet S, Paul-Roth CO, Fattori V, Cocchi M, Williams JAG. Platinum and palladium complexes of fluorenyl porphyrins as red phosphors for light-emitting devices. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00561d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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