1
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Lam TL, Li H, Tan K, Chen Z, Tang YK, Yang J, Cheng G, Dai L, Che CM. Sterically Hindered Tetradentate [Pt(O^N^C^N)] Emitters with Radiative Decay Rates up to 5.3 × 10 5 s -1 for Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with LT 95 Lifetime over 9200 h at 1000 cd m -2. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307393. [PMID: 37897146 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Described here are sterically hindered tetradentate [Pt(O^N^C^N)] emitters (Pt-1, Pt-2, and Pt-3) developed for stable and high-performance green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). These Pt(II) emitters exhibit strong saturated green phosphorescence (λmax = 517-531 nm) in toluene and mCP thin films with emission quantum yields as high as 0.97, radiative rate constants (kr) as high as 4.4-5.3 × 105 s-1 and reduced excimer emission, and with a preferential horizontally oriented transition dipole ratio of up to 84%. Theoretical calculations show that p-(hetero)arene substituents at the periphery of the ligand scaffolds in Pt-1, Pt-2, and Pt-3 can i) enhance the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) between the lower singlet excited states and the T1 state, and S0→Sn (n = 1 or 2) transition dipole moment, and ii) introducing additional SOC activity and the bright 1ILCT[π(carbazole)→π*(N^C^N)] excited state (Pt-2 and Pt-3), which are the main contributors to the increased kr values. Utilizing these tetradentate Pt(II) emitters, green phosphorescent OLEDs are fabricated with narrow-band electroluminescence (FWHM down to 36 nm), high external quantum efficiency, current efficiency up to 27.6% and 98.7 cd A-1, and an unprecedented device lifetime (LT95) of up to 9270 h at 1000 cd m-2 under laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Lung Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Units 909-915, Building 17 W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Huiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong Aglaia Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Kaixin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Kan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Units 909-915, Building 17 W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Units 909-915, Building 17 W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Lei Dai
- Guangdong Aglaia Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Units 909-915, Building 17 W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
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2
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Jennings M, Cuéllar E, Rojo A, Ferrero S, García-Herbosa G, Nganga J, Angeles-Boza AM, Martín-Alvarez JM, Miguel D, Villafañe F. 1,2-Azolylamidino ruthenium(II) complexes with DMSO ligands: electro- and photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16974-16983. [PMID: 37933188 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01122d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
New 1,2-azolylamidino complexes fac-[RuCl(DMSO)3(NHC(R)az*-κ2N,N)]OTf [R = Me (2), Ph (3); az* = pz (pyrazolyl, a), indz (indazolyl, b)] are synthesized via chloride abstraction from their corresponding precursors cis,fac-[RuCl2(DMSO)3(az*H)] (1) after subsequent base-catalyzed coupling of the appropriate nitrile with the 1,2-azole previously coordinated. All the compounds are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy. Those derived from MeCN are also characterized by X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical studies showed several reduction waves in the range of -1.5 to -3 V. The electrochemical behavior in CO2 media is consistent with CO2 electrocatalytic reduction. The catalytic activity expressed as [icat(CO2)/ip(Ar)] ranged from 1.7 to 3.7 for the 1,2-azolylamidino complexes at voltages of ca. -2.7 to -3 V vs. ferrocene/ferrocenium. Controlled potential electrolysis showed rapid decomposition of the Ru catalysts. Photocatalytic CO2 reduction experiments using compounds 1b, 2b and 3b carried out in a CO2-saturated MeCN/TEOA (4 : 1 v/v) solution containing a mixture of the catalyst and [Ru(bipy)3]2+ as the photosensitizer under continuous irradiation (light intensity of 150 mW cm-2 at 25 °C, λ > 300 nm) show that compounds 1b, 2b and 3b allowed CO2 reduction catalysis, producing CO and trace amounts of formate. The combined turnover number for the production of formate and CO is ca. 100 after 8 h and follows the order 1b < 2b ≈ 3b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murphy Jennings
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Elena Cuéllar
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ariadna Rojo
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Gabriel García-Herbosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - John Nganga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jose M Martín-Alvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Villafañe
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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3
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Gandioso A, Izquierdo-García E, Mesdom P, Arnoux P, Demeubayeva N, Burckel P, Saubaméa B, Bosch M, Frochot C, Marchán V, Gasser G. Ru(II)-Cyanine Complexes as Promising Photodynamic Photosensitizers for the Treatment of Hypoxic Tumours with Highly Penetrating 770 nm Near-Infrared Light. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301742. [PMID: 37548580 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Light-activated treatments, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), provide temporal and spatial control over a specific cytotoxic response by exploiting toxicity differences between irradiated and dark conditions. In this work, a novel strategy for developing near infrared (NIR)-activatable Ru(II) polypyridyl-based photosensitizers (PSs) was successfully developed through the incorporation of symmetric heptamethine cyanine dyes in the metal complex via a phenanthrimidazole ligand. Owing to their strong absorption in the NIR region, the PSs could be efficiently photoactivated with highly penetrating NIR light (770 nm), leading to high photocytotoxicities towards several cancer cell lines under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Notably, our lead PS (Ru-Cyn-1), which accumulated in the mitochondria, exhibited a good photocytotoxic activity under challenging low-oxygen concentration (2 % O2 ) upon NIR light irradiation conditions (770 nm), owing to a combination of type I and II PDT mechanisms. The fact that the PS Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), the metabolite of the clinically approved 5-ALA PS, was found inactive under the same challenging conditions positions Ru-Cyn-1 complex as a promising PDT agent for the treatment of deep-seated hypoxic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gandioso
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo Izquierdo-García
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB)
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Mesdom
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Burckel
- Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging platform, US25 Inserm, UAR3612 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Manel Bosch
- Unitat de Microscòpia Òptica Avançada, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Av. Diagonal, 643, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Vicente Marchán
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB)
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
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4
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Stitch M, Avagliano D, Graczyk D, Clark IP, González L, Towrie M, Quinn SJ. Good Vibrations Report on the DNA Quadruplex Binding of an Excited State Amplified Ruthenium Polypyridyl IR Probe. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21344-21360. [PMID: 37736878 PMCID: PMC10557146 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The nitrile containing Ru(II)polypyridyl complex [Ru(phen)2(11,12-dCN-dppz)]2+ (1) is shown to act as a sensitive infrared probe of G-quadruplex (G4) structures. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy reveals enantiomer sensitive binding for the hybrid htel(K) and antiparallel htel(Na) G4s formed by the human telomer sequence d[AG3(TTAG3)3]. Time-resolved infrared (TRIR) of 1 upon 400 nm excitation indicates dominant interactions with the guanine bases in the case of Λ-1/htel(K), Δ-1/htel(K), and Λ-1/htel(Na) binding, whereas Δ-1/htel(Na) binding is associated with interactions with thymine and adenine bases in the loop. The intense nitrile transient at 2232 cm-1 undergoes a linear shift to lower frequency as the solution hydrogen bonding environment decreases in DMSO/water mixtures. This shift is used as a sensitive reporter of the nitrile environment within the binding pocket. The lifetime of 1 in D2O (ca. 100 ps) is found to increase upon DNA binding, and monitoring of the nitrile and ligand transients as well as the diagnostic DNA bleach bands shows that this increase is related to greater protection from the solvent environment. Molecular dynamics simulations together with binding energy calculations identify the most favorable binding site for each system, which are in excellent agreement with the observed TRIR solution study. This study shows the power of combining the environmental sensitivity of an infrared (IR) probe in its excited state with the TRIR DNA "site effect" to gain important information about the binding site of photoactive agents and points to the potential of such amplified IR probes as sensitive reporters of biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stitch
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Davide Avagliano
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Physics Theory Group, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Daniel Graczyk
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central
Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Leticia González
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 19, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central
Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Susan J Quinn
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
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5
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Gibbons B, Cairnie DR, Thomas B, Yang X, Ilic S, Morris AJ. Photoelectrochemical water oxidation by a MOF/semiconductor composite. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4672-4680. [PMID: 37181771 PMCID: PMC10171202 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a MOF-semiconductor composite film active for water oxidation at a thermodynamic underpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Daniel R. Cairnie
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Benjamin Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Xiaozhou Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Stefan Ilic
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
| | - Amanda J. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia 24060, USA
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6
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Han G, Li G, Huang J, Han C, Turro C, Sun Y. Two-photon-absorbing ruthenium complexes enable near infrared light-driven photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2288. [PMID: 35484148 PMCID: PMC9051202 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One-photon-absorbing photosensitizers are commonly used in homogeneous photocatalysis which require the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) /visible light to populate the desired excited states with adequate energy and lifetime. Nevertheless, the limited penetration depth and competing absorption by organic substrates of UV/visible light calls upon exploring the utilization of longer-wavelength irradiation, such as near-infrared light (λirr > 700 nm). Despite being found applications in photodynamic therapy and bioimaging, two-photon absorption (TPA), the simultaneous absorption of two photons by one molecule, has been rarely explored in homogeneous photocatalysis. Herein, we report a group of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes possessing TPA capability that can drive a variety of organic transformations upon irradiation with 740 nm light. We demonstrate that these TPA ruthenium complexes can operate in an analogous manner as one-photon-absorbing photosensitizers for both energy-transfer and photoredox reactions, as well as function in concert with a transition metal co-catalyst for metallaphotoredox C-C coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chuang Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Yujie Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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7
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Palmquist MS, Gruschka MC, Dorsainvil JM, Delawder AO, Saak TM, Danielson MK, Barnes JC. Electrostatic loading and photoredox-based release of molecular cargo from oligoviologen-crosslinked microparticles. Polym Chem 2022; 13:2115-2122. [PMID: 36188127 PMCID: PMC9518833 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00249c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although on-demand cargo release has been demonstrated in a wide range of microparticle platforms, many existing methods lack specific loading interactions and/or undergo permanent damage to the microparticle to release...
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Palmquist
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Max C Gruschka
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jovelt M Dorsainvil
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Abigail O Delawder
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tiana M Saak
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Mary K Danielson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jonathan C Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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8
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Vinck R, Karges J, Tharaud M, Cariou K, Gasser G. Physical, spectroscopic, and biological properties of ruthenium and osmium photosensitizers bearing diversely substituted 4,4'-di(styryl)-2,2'-bipyridine ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14629-14639. [PMID: 34581373 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02083h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Capitalising on the previous identification of a distyryl coordinated Ru(II) polypyridine complex as a promising photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, eight new complexes were synthesized by modifications of the ligands or by changing the metal coordinated. We report in this work the effects of these modifications on the physical, spectroscopic, and biological properties of the synthesized complexes. Subtle structural modifications of the distyryl ligand only had a moderate effect on the corresponding complexes' visible light absorption and singlet oxygen quantum yield. These modifications however had a significant effect on the lipophilicity, the cellular uptake and the phototoxicity of the complexes. Although the lipophilicity of the complexes had a somewhat expected effect on their cellular uptake, this last parameter could not be directly correlated to their phototoxicity, revealing other underlying phenomena. Overall, this work allowed identification of two promising ruthenium complexes as photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy and provides some guidance on how to design better photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Vinck
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Johannes Karges
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Mickaël Tharaud
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Biogéochimie à l'Anthropocène des Eléments et Contaminants Emergents, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kevin Cariou
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
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9
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Lee NA, Ngo KT, Gilligan GE, Lamberto M, Rochford J. Non-innocent ligand flavone and curcumin inspired ruthenium photosensitizers for solar energy conversion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16516-16524. [PMID: 34137397 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01853a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of ruthenium photosensitizers incorporating a β-diketonate non-innocent ligand were synthesized, characterized, and implemented in dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochemical studies exhibited well behaved reversible oxidations and reductions for all β-diketonate complexes. The acac- and Ph2acac- based photosensitizers possess limited delocalization across the ligand π*-manifold, which is significant for exhibition of respectable power conversion efficiencies in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) device. As the π-orbital network was extended on the flavone and curcumin inspired NILs, increased molar absorptivity was observed, however this ultimately proved detrimental to DSC performance consistent with exhibition of negligible photocurrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02188, USA.
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10
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Taylor JO, Pižl M, Kloz M, Rebarz M, McCusker CE, McCusker JK, Záliš S, Hartl F, Vlček A. Optical and Infrared Spectroelectrochemical Studies of CN-Substituted Bipyridyl Complexes of Ruthenium(II). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3514-3523. [PMID: 33645219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(CN-Me-bpy)x(bpy)3-x]2+ (CN-Me-bpy = 4,4'-dicyano-5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and x = 1-3, abbreviated as 12+, 22+, and 32+) undergo four (12+) or five (22+ and 32+) successive one-electron reduction steps between -1.3 and -2.75 V versus ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/Fc) in tetrahydrofuran. The CN-Me-bpy ligands are reduced first, with successive one-electron reductions in 22+ and 32+ being separated by 150-210 mV; reduction of the unsubstituted bpy ligand in 12+ and 22+ occurs only when all CN-Me-bpy ligands have been converted to their radical anions. Absorption spectra of the first three reduction products of each complex were measured across the UV, visible, near-IR (NIR), and mid-IR regions and interpreted with the help of density functional theory calculations. Reduction of the CN-Me-bpy ligand shifts the ν(C≡N) IR band by ca. -45 cm-1, enhances its intensity ∼35 times, and splits the symmetrical and antisymmetrical modes. Semireduced complexes containing two and three CN-derivatized ligands 2+, 3+, and 30 show distinct ν(C≡N) features due to the presence of both CN-Me-bpy and CN-Me-bpy•-, confirming that each reduction is localized on a single ligand. NIR spectra of 10, 1-, and 2- exhibit a prominent band attributable to the CN-Me-bpy•- moiety between 6000 and 7500 cm-1, whereas bpy•--based absorption occurs between 4500 and 6000 cm-1; complexes 2+, 3+, and 30 also exhibit a band at ca. 3300 cm-1 due to a CN-Me-bpy•- → CN-Me-bpy interligand charge-transfer transition. In the UV-vis region, the decrease of π → π* intraligand bands of the neutral ligands and the emergence of the corresponding bands of the radical anions are most diagnostic. The first reduction product of 12+ is spectroscopically similar to the lowest triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state, which shows pronounced NIR absorption, and its ν(C≡N) IR band is shifted by -38 cm-1 and 5-7-fold-enhanced relative to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights Park, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Pižl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, CZ-16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kloz
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-18200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mateusz Rebarz
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-18200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Catherine E McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - James K McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Stanislav Záliš
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights Park, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Antonín Vlček
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS London, United Kingdom.,J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Heindl M, Hongyan J, Hua SA, Oelschlegel M, Meyer F, Schwarzer D, González L. Excited-State Dynamics of [Ru( S-Sbpy)(bpy) 2] 2+ to Form Long-Lived Localized Triplet States. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1672-1682. [PMID: 33434007 PMCID: PMC7880568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
novel photosensitizer [Ru(S–Sbpy)(bpy)2]2+ harbors two distinct sets of excited states
in the UV/Vis region of the absorption spectrum located on either
bpy or S–Sbpy ligands. Here, we address the question
of whether following excitation into these two types of states could
lead to the formation of different long-lived excited states from
where energy transfer to a reactive species could occur. Femtosecond
transient absorption spectroscopy identifies the formation of the
final state within 80 fs for both excitation wavelengths. The recorded
spectra hint at very similar dynamics following excitation toward
either the parent or sulfur-decorated bpy ligands, indicating ultrafast
interconversion into a unique excited-state species regardless of
the initial state. Non-adiabatic surface hopping dynamics simulations
show that ultrafast spin–orbit-mediated mixing of the states
within less than 50 fs strongly increases the localization of the
excited electron at the S–Sbpy ligand. Extensive
structural relaxation within this sulfurated ligand is possible, via
S–S bond cleavage that results in triplet state energies that
are lower than those in the analogue [Ru(bpy)3]2+. This structural relaxation upon localization of the charge on S–Sbpy is found to be the reason for the formation of
a single long-lived species independent of the excitation wavelength. We investigate selective excitation in
two types of ligands
present in [Ru(S−Sbpy)(bpy)2]2+. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy identifies the formation
of the same final state within 80 fs for both excitation wavelengths.
Surface hopping simulations reveal ultrafast mixing of singlet and
triplet states within less than 50 fs. Energy lowering due to S−S
bond cleavage is identified as the driving factor for convergence
to a single final state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Heindl
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiang Hongyan
- Department of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shao-An Hua
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Oelschlegel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schwarzer
- Department of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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12
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Rationally designed ruthenium complexes for 1- and 2-photon photodynamic therapy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3262. [PMID: 32591538 PMCID: PMC7320011 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer has received increasing attention over recent years. However, the application of the currently approved photosensitizers (PSs) is limited by their poor aqueous solubility, aggregation, photobleaching and slow clearance from the body. To overcome these limitations, there is a need for the development of new classes of PSs with ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes currently gaining momentum. However, these compounds generally lack significant absorption in the biological spectral window, limiting their application to treat deep-seated or large tumors. To overcome this drawback, ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes designed in silico with (E,E′)-4,4′-bisstyryl-2,2′-bipyridine ligands show impressive 1- and 2-Photon absorption up to a magnitude higher than the ones published so far. While nontoxic in the dark, these compounds are phototoxic in various 2D monolayer cells, 3D multicellular tumor spheroids and are able to eradicate a multiresistant tumor inside a mouse model upon clinically relevant 1-Photon and 2-Photon excitation. Photosensitizers that are stable in biological conditions with absorption in the biological spectral window are needed for photodynamic therapy. Here, the authors report on the development of a Ruthenium complex for 1 and 2-photon therapy to address these issues and demonstrate application in vivo.
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13
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Kiwada T, Hirasaki A, Odani A. Crystal structure of dichlorido-(4,4′-dichloro-2,2′-bipyridine-κ 2
N, N′)platinum(II) — acetone (1/1), C 13H 12Cl 4N 2PtO. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2019-0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C13H12Cl4N2PtO, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 17.497(4) Å, b = 6.8214(15) Å, c = 14.183(3) Å, β = 93.441(7)°, Z = 4, V = 1689.7(6) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0309, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0696, T = 93 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuto Kiwada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| | - Aika Hirasaki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| | - Akira Odani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
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14
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McCain J, Colón KL, Barrett PC, Monro SMA, Sainuddin T, Roque Iii J, Pinto M, Yin H, Cameron CG, McFarland SA. Photophysical Properties and Photobiological Activities of Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing π-Expansive Cyclometalating Ligands with Thienyl Groups. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10778-10790. [PMID: 31386351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A new family of cyclometalated ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(N^N)2(C^N)]+ derived from the π-extended benzo[h]imidazo[4,5-f]quinolone ligand appended with thienyl groups (n = 1-4, compounds 1-4) was prepared and its members were characterized for their chemical, photophysical, and photobiological properties. The lipophilicities of 1-4, determined as octanol-water partition coefficients (log Po/w), were positive and increased with the number of thienyl units. The absorption and emission bands of the C^N compounds were red-shifted by up to 200 nm relative to the analogous Ru(II) diimine systems. All of the complexes exhibited dual emission with the intraligand fluorescence (1IL, C^N-based) shifting to lower energies with increasing n and the metal-to-ligand charge transfer phosphorescence (3MLCT, N^N-based) remaining unchanged. Compounds 1-3 exhibited excited state absorption (ESA) profiles consistent with lowest-lying 3MLCT states when probed by nanosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy with 532 nm excitation and had contributions from 1IL(C^N) states with 355 nm excitation. These assignments were supported by the lifetimes observed (<10 ns for the 1IL states and around 20 ns for the 3MLCT states) as well as a noticeable ESA for 3 with 355 nm excitation that did not occur with 532 nm excitation. Compound 4 was the only member of the family with two 3MLCT emissive lifetimes (15, 110 ns), and the TA spectra collected with both 355 and 532 nm excitation was assigned to the 3IL state, which was corroborated by its 4-6 μs lifetime. The ESA for 4 had a rise time of approximately 10 ns and an initial decay of 110 ns, which suggests a possible 3MLCT-3IL excited state equilibrium that results in delayed emission from the 3MLCT state. Compound 4 was nontoxic toward human skin melanoma cells (SKMEL28) in the dark (EC50 = >300 μM); 1-3 were cytotoxic and yielded EC50 values between 1 and 20 μM. The photocytotoxicites with visible light ranged from 87 nM with a phototherapeutic index (PI) of 13 for 1 to approximately 1 μM (PI = >267) for 4. With red light, EC50 values varied from 270 nM (PI = 21) for 3 to 12 μM for 4 (PI = >25). The larger PIs for 4, especially with visible light, were attributed to the much lower dark cytotoxicity for this compound. Because the dark cytotoxicity contributes substantially to the observed photocytotoxicity for 1-3, it was not possible to assess whether the 3IL state of 4 led to a much more potent phototoxic mechanism in the absence of dark toxicity. There was no stark contrast in cellular uptake and accumulation by laser scanning confocal and differential interference contrast microscopy to explain the large differences in dark toxicities between 1-3 and 4. Nevertheless, the study highlights a new family of Ru(II) C^N complexes where π-conjugation beyond a certain point results in low dark cytotoxicity with high photocytotoxicity, opposing the notion that cyclometalated Ru(II) systems are too toxic to be phototherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia McCain
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Katsuya L Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Patrick C Barrett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Susan M A Monro
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - John Roque Iii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Mitch Pinto
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
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15
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Whole microwave syntheses of pyridylpyrazole and of Re and Ru luminescent pyridylpyrazole complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Monro S, Cameron CG, Zhu X, Colón KL, Yin H, Sainuddin T, Hetu M, Pinto M, Fuller A, Bennett L, Roque J, Sun W, McFarland SA. Synthesis, Characterization and Photobiological Studies of Ru(II) Dyads Derived from α-Oligothiophene Derivatives of 1,10-Phenanthroline. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:267-279. [PMID: 30193398 DOI: 10.1111/php.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three new bis(2,2'-bipyridine)-heteroleptic Ru(II) dyads incorporating thienyl groups (n = 1-3, compounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively) appended to 1,10-phenanthroline were synthesized and characterized to investigate the impact of n on the photophysical and photobiological properties within the series. All three complexes showed unstructured emission near 618 nm from a triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3 MLCT) state with a lifetime (τem ) of approximately 1 μs. Transient absorption measurements revealed an additional excited state that was nonemissive and long-lived (τTA = 43 μs for 2 and 27 μs for 3), assigned as a triplet intraligand (3 IL) state that was accessible only in 2 and 3. All three complexes were strong singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) sensitizers, with quantum yields (Φ∆ ) for 2 and 3 being the largest (74-78%), and all three were photocytotoxic to cancer cells with visible light activation in the order: 3 > 2 > 1. Cell-free DNA photodamage followed the same trend, where potency increased with decreasing 3 IL energy. Compounds 2 and 3 also showed in vitro photobiological effects with red light (625 nm), where their molar absorptivities were <100 m-1 cm-1 . These findings highlight that Ru(II) dyads derived from α-oligothiophenes directly appended to 1,10-phenanthroline-namely 2 and 3-possess low-lying 3 IL states that are highly photosensitizing, and they may therefore be of interest for photobiological applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Katsuya L Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Marc Hetu
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Mitch Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Anderson Fuller
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Leah Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
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17
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Mede T, Jäger M, Schubert US. "Chemistry-on-the-complex": functional Ru II polypyridyl-type sensitizers as divergent building blocks. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7577-7627. [PMID: 30246196 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium polypyridyl type complexes are potent photoactive compounds, and have found - among others - a broad range of important applications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis and phototherapy, energy conversion schemes such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and molecular assemblies for tailored photo-initiated processes. In this regard, the linkage of RuII polypyridyl-type complexes with specific functional moieties is highly desirable to enhance their inherent photophysical properties, e.g., with a targeting function to achieve cell selectivity, or with a dye or redox-active subunits for energy- and electron-transfer. However, the classical approach of performing ligand syntheses first and the formation of Ru complexes in the last steps imposes synthetic limitations with regard to tolerating functional groups or moieties as well as requiring lengthy convergent routes. Alternatively, the diversification of Ru complexes after coordination (termed "chemistry-on-the-complex") provides an elegant complementary approach. In addition to the Click chemistry concept, the rapidly developing synthesis and purification methodologies permit the preparation of Ru conjugates via amidation, alkylation and cross-coupling reactions. In this regard, recent developments in chromatography shifted the limits of purification, e.g., by using new commercialized surface-modified silica gels and automated instrumentation. This review provides detailed insights into applying the "chemistry-on-the-complex" concept, which is believed to stimulate the modular preparation of unpreceded molecular assemblies as well as functional materials based on Ru-based building blocks, including combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mede
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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18
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Brown AM, McCusker CE, Carey MC, Blanco-Rodríguez AM, Towrie M, Clark IP, Vlček A, McCusker JK. Vibrational Relaxation and Redistribution Dynamics in Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl-Based Charge-Transfer Excited States: A Combined Ultrafast Electronic and Infrared Absorption Study. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7941-7953. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Catherine E. McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Monica C. Carey
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Ana Maria Blanco-Rodríguez
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Antonín Vlček
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejskova 3, CZ-182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - James K. McCusker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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19
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A combined experimental and computational study of a ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complex: Synthesis, characterization, electronic structures and spectral properties. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Ghosh G, Colón KL, Fuller A, Sainuddin T, Bradner E, McCain J, Monro SMA, Yin H, Hetu MW, Cameron CG, McFarland SA. Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Complexes Derived from α-Oligothiophenes as Highly Selective Cytotoxic or Photocytotoxic Agents. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7694-7712. [PMID: 29927243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical and photobiological properties of a new class of cyclometalated ruthenium(II) compounds incorporating π-extended benzo[ h]imidazo[4,5- f]quinoline (IBQ) cyclometalating ligands (C^N) bearing thienyl rings ( n = 1-4, compounds 1-4) were investigated. Their octanol-water partition coefficients (log Po/w) were positive and increased with n. Their absorption and emission energies were red-shifted substantially compared to the analogous Ru(II) diimine (N^N) complexes. They displayed C^N-based intraligand (IL) fluorescence and triplet excited-state absorption that shifted to longer wavelengths with increasing n and N^N-based metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) phosphorescence that was independent of n. Their photoluminescence lifetimes (τem) ranged from 4-10 ns for 1IL states and 12-18 ns for 3MLCT states. Transient absorption lifetimes (τTA) were 5-8 μs with 355 nm excitation, ascribed to 3IL states that became inaccessible for 1-3 with 532 nm excitation (1-3, τTA = 16-17 ns); the 3IL of 4 only was accessible by lower energy excitation, τTA = 3.8 μs. Complex 4 was nontoxic (EC50 > 300 μM) to SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells and CCD1064-Sk normal skin fibroblasts in the dark, while 3 was selectively cytotoxic to melanoma (EC50= 5.1 μM) only. Compounds 1 and 2 were selective for melanoma cells in the dark, with submicromolar potencies (EC50 = 350-500 nM) and selectivity factors (SFs) around 50. The photocytotoxicities of compounds 1-4 toward melanoma cells were similar, but only compounds 3 and 4 displayed significant phototherapeutic indices (PIs; 3, 43; 4, >1100). The larger cytotoxicities for compounds 1 and 2 were attributed to increased cellular uptake and nuclear accumulation, and possibly related to the DNA-aggregating properties of all four compounds as demonstrated by cell-free gel mobility-shift assays. Together, these results demonstrate a new class of thiophene-containing Ru(II) cyclometalated compounds that contain both highly selective chemotherapeutic agents and extremely potent photocytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Katsuya L Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Anderson Fuller
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Evan Bradner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Julia McCain
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Susan M A Monro
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Marc W Hetu
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry , Acadia University , Wolfville , Nova Scotia B4P 2R6 , Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27402 , United States
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21
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Chen X, McAteer D, McGuinness C, Godwin I, Coleman JN, McDonald AR. Ru II Photosensitizer-Functionalized Two-Dimensional MoS 2 for Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2017; 24:351-355. [PMID: 29171697 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Metallic-phase molybdenum disulfide (1T-MoS2 ) nanosheets have proven to be highly active in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We describe construction of photosensitizer functionalized 1T-MoS2 by covalently tethering the molecular photosensitizer [RuII (bpy)3 ]2+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) on 1T-MoS2 nanosheets. This was achieved by covalently tethering the bpy ligand to 1T-MoS2 nanosheets, and subsequent complexation with [RuII (bpy)2 Cl2 ] to yield [RuII (bpy)3 ]-MoS2 . The obtained [RuII (bpy)3 ]-MoS2 nanosheets were characterized using infra-red, electronic absorption, X-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopy. The fabricated material exhibited a significant improvement of photocurrent and HER performance, demonstrating the potential of such two-dimensional [RuII (bpy)3 ]-MoS2 constructs in photosensitized HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - David McAteer
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Cormac McGuinness
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ian Godwin
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jonathan N Coleman
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aidan R McDonald
- CRANN/AMBER Nanoscience Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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22
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Cadranel A, Oviedo PS, Pieslinger GE, Yamazaki S, Kleiman VD, Baraldo LM, Guldi DM. Trapping intermediate MLCT states in low-symmetry {Ru(bpy)} complexes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7434-7442. [PMID: 29163895 PMCID: PMC5674176 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02670f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The picosecond excited state dynamics of [Ru(tpm)(bpy)(NCS)]+ (RubNCS+ ) and [Ru(tpm)(bpy)(CN)]+ (RubCN+ ) (tpm = tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) have been analyzed by means of transient absorption measurements and spectroelectrochemistry. Emissive 3MLCTs with (GS)HOMO(h+)-(GS)LUMO(e-) configurations are the lowest triplet excited states regardless of whether 387 or 505 nm photoexcitation is used. 387 nm photoexcitation yields, after a few picoseconds, the emissive 3MLCTs. In contrast, 505 nm photoexcitation populates an intermediate excited state that we assign as a 3MLCT state, in which the hole sits in a metal-centered orbital of different symmetry, prior to its conversion to the emissive 3MLCTs. The disparities in terms of electronic configuration between the intermediate and the emissive 3MLCTs have two important consequences. On one hand, both states feature very different fingerprint absorptions in transient absorption measurements. On the other hand, the reconfiguration is impeded by a kinetic barrier. As such, the conversion is followed spectroscopically and kinetically on the 300 ps timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cadranel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany . ;
| | - Paola S Oviedo
- Departamento de Química Analítica , Inorgánica y Química Física , INQUIMAE , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pabellón 2 , C1428EHA , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - German E Pieslinger
- Departamento de Química Analítica , Inorgánica y Química Física , INQUIMAE , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pabellón 2 , C1428EHA , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Shiori Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO BOX 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA
| | - Valeria D Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO BOX 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA
| | - Luis M Baraldo
- Departamento de Química Analítica , Inorgánica y Química Física , INQUIMAE , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pabellón 2 , C1428EHA , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany . ;
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23
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Queyriaux N, Wahyuono RA, Fize J, Gablin C, Wächtler M, Martinez E, Léonard D, Dietzek B, Artero V, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Aqueous Photocurrent Measurements Correlated to Ultrafast Electron Transfer Dynamics at Ruthenium Tris Diimine-Sensitized NiO Photocathodes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:5891-5904. [PMID: 28676835 PMCID: PMC5493983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structural and electronic factors governing the efficiency of dye-sensitized NiO photocathodes is essential to optimize solar fuel production in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs). For these purpose, three different ruthenium dyes, bearing either two or four methylphosphonate anchoring groups and either a bipyridine or a dipyridophenazine ancillary ligand, were synthesized and grafted onto NiO films. These photoelectrodes were fully characterized by XPS, ToF-SIMS, UV-vis absorption, time-resolved emission and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopies. Increasing the number of anchoring groups from two to four proved beneficial for the grafting efficiency. No significant modification of the electronic properties compared to the parent photosensitizer was observed, in accordance with the non-conjugated nature of the grafted linker. The photoelectrochemical activity of the dye-sensitized NiO electrodes was assessed in fully aqueous medium in the presence of an irreversible electron acceptor and photocurrents reaching 190 μA.cm-2 were recorded. The transient absorption study revealed the presence of two charge recombination pathways for each of the sensitizers and evidenced a stabilized charge separated state in the dppz derivative, supporting its superior photoelectrochemical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Queyriaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ruri A. Wahyuono
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fize
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Eugénie Martinez
- CEA, Leti, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Didier Léonard
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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24
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Sun Q, Dereka B, Vauthey E, Lawson Daku LM, Hauser A. Ultrafast transient IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations of ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complexes. Chem Sci 2016; 8:223-230. [PMID: 28451169 PMCID: PMC5308284 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01220e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafast time-resolved infrared spectroscopy of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(mbpy)3]2+ (mbpy = 6-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine) and [Ru(mphen)3]2+ (mphen = 2-methyl-1,10'-phenanthroline) in deuterated acetonitrile serves to elucidate the evolution of the system following pulsed excitation into the 1MLCT band at 400 nm. While for [Ru(bpy)3]2+ no intermediate state can be evidenced for the relaxation of the corresponding 3MLCT state back to the ground state, for [Ru(mbpy)3]2+ and [Ru(mphen)3]2+ an intermediate state with a lifetime of about 400 ps is observed. The species associated IR difference spectra of this state are in good agreement with the calculated difference spectra of the lowest energy 3dd state using DFT. The calculated potential energy curves for all the complexes in the triplet manifold along the metal-ligand distance show that for [Ru(bpy)3]2+ the 3dd state is at a higher energy than the 3MLCT state and that there is a substantial barrier between the two minima. For [Ru(mbpy)3]2+ and [Ru(mphen)3]2+, the 3dd state is at a lower energy than the 3MLCT state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinchao Sun
- Département de Chimie Physique , Université de Genève , 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet , 1211 Genève , Switzerland .
| | - Bogdan Dereka
- Département de Chimie Physique , Université de Genève , 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet , 1211 Genève , Switzerland .
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Département de Chimie Physique , Université de Genève , 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet , 1211 Genève , Switzerland .
| | - Latévi M Lawson Daku
- Département de Chimie Physique , Université de Genève , 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet , 1211 Genève , Switzerland .
| | - Andreas Hauser
- Département de Chimie Physique , Université de Genève , 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet , 1211 Genève , Switzerland .
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25
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26
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Arias-Rotondo DM, McCusker JK. The photophysics of photoredox catalysis: a roadmap for catalyst design. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5803-5820. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00526h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of transition metal-based charge-transfer chromophores are discussed with an eye toward their application in organic photoredox catalysis.
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27
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Du L, Lan Z. Ultrafast structural flattening motion in photoinduced excited state dynamics of a bis(diimine) copper(i) complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7641-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06861d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intriguing ultrafast photoinduced structural change dynamics of a prototypical Cu(i) complex, namely, [Cu(dmp)2]+ (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), is investigated based on the theoretical analysis of static and dynamical calculations at the all-atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likai Du
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- People's Republic of China
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28
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Wagner AT, Zhou R, Quinn KS, White TA, Wang J, Brewer KJ. Tuning the Photophysical Properties of Ru(II) Monometallic and Ru(II),Rh(III) Bimetallic Supramolecular Complexes by Selective Ligand Deuteration. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6781-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alec T. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Rongwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Kevan S. Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Travis A. White
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
| | - Karen J. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, United States
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29
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Mecchia Ortiz JH, Morán Vieyra FE, Borsarelli CD, Romero I, Fontrodona X, Parella T, Lis de Katz ND, Fagalde F, Katz NE. Mono‐ and Dinuclear Complexes of Tricarbonylrhenium(I) with 4‐Methyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine‐4′‐carbonitrile. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan H. Mecchia Ortiz
- INQUINOA‐CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, http://www.inquinoa.org.ar
| | - Faustino E. Morán Vieyra
- Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero (CITSE‐CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Claudio D. Borsarelli
- Laboratorio de Cinética y Fotoquímica, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santiago del Estero (CITSE‐CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Isabel Romero
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí D. Lis de Katz
- INQUINOA‐CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, http://www.inquinoa.org.ar
| | - Florencia Fagalde
- INQUINOA‐CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, http://www.inquinoa.org.ar
| | - Néstor E. Katz
- INQUINOA‐CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, T4000INI San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, http://www.inquinoa.org.ar
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30
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Bellinger-Buckley S, Chang TC, Bag S, Schweinfurth D, Zhou W, Torok B, Sarkar B, Tsai MK, Rochford J. Exploring the Noninnocent Character of Electron Rich π-Extended 8-Oxyquinolate Ligands in Ruthenium(II) Bipyridyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5556-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5002623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bellinger-Buckley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Tse-Cing Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Number 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow
Road, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan ROC
| | - Seema Bag
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - David Schweinfurth
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie,
Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse
34-36, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weihong Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Bela Torok
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie,
Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse
34-36, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ming-Kang Tsai
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Number 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow
Road, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan ROC
| | - Jonathan Rochford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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31
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Mukuta T, Fukazawa N, Murata K, Inagaki A, Akita M, Tanaka S, Koshihara SY, Onda K. Infrared vibrational spectroscopy of [Ru(bpy)2(bpm)]2+ and [Ru(bpy)3]2+ in the excited triplet state. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2481-90. [PMID: 24528148 DOI: 10.1021/ic402474t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work involved a detailed investigation into the infrared vibrational spectra of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes, specifically heteroleptic [Ru(bpy)2(bpm)](2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and bpm = 2,2'-bipyrimidine) and homoleptic [Ru(bpy)3](2+), in the excited triplet state. Transient spectra were acquired 500 ps after photoexcitation, corresponding to the vibrational ground state of the excited triplet state, using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. We assigned the observed bands to specific ligands in [Ru(bpy)2(bpm)](2+) based on the results of deuterium substitution and identified the corresponding normal vibrational modes using quantum-chemical calculations. Through this process, the more complex vibrational bands of [Ru(bpy)3](2+) were assigned to normal vibrational modes. The results are in good agreement with the model in which excited electrons are localized on a single ligand. We also found that the vibrational bands of both complexes associated with the ligands on which electrons are little localized appear at approximately 1317 and 1608 cm(-1). These assignments should allow the study of the reaction dynamics of various photofunctional systems including ruthenium polypyridyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Mukuta
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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32
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Ghosh R, Palit DK. Probing excited state charge transfer dynamics in a heteroleptic ruthenium complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:219-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53886a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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33
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Khanmohammadi H, Rezaeian K. A catalyst-free approach to a novel imidazo [4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline ligand and its corresponding ruthenium(ii) complex: insights into their applications in colorimetric anion sensing. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand and its corresponding Ru(ii) complex are synthesized from green protocol for colorimetric detection of anions in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Khanmohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
- Arak University
- Arak 38156 8 8349, Iran
| | - Khatereh Rezaeian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
- Arak University
- Arak 38156 8 8349, Iran
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34
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Kim J, Yennawar HP, Lear BJ. Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes with hydroxypyridine derivatives: effect of protonation and ethylation at the pyridyl nitrogen. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15656-62. [PMID: 24045324 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52094c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A new series of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes with a hydroxypyridine ligand were prepared, and their properties were investigated spectroscopically and electrochemically. Particular focus is paid to the effects of protonation-deprotonation and ethylation of the hydroxypyridine ligand, which affects the NMR, electronic spectroscopy, and electrochemistry of the complex. The changes to the UV-vis spectrum were used to determine a pka of 10.5 for the hydroxypyridine nitrogen. In the NMR, protonation of the hydroxypyridine ligand of the complex causes changes in the chemical shifts of the protons on both the hydroxypyridine and bipyridine rings, indicating some degree of electronic communication between these ligands. In addition, it is found that deprotonation of the hydroxypyridine ligand strongly affects the redox potential of the ruthenium metal center, shifting it more negative by 0.4 V. While the electrochemistry of the protonated complex contains irreversible electrochemical events, both deprotonation and subsequent ethylation of the hydroxypyridine ligand result in reversible electrochemistry for all events within the solvent window. For the ethylated complex, we search for a ligand to ligand charge transfer band, corresponding to electron transfer between bipyridine ligands in the mixed valence state. Despite the potential for electronic coupling between ligands through the metal center, we were unable to find any spectroscopic evidence of such electronic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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35
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Ward WM, Farnum BH, Siegler M, Meyer GJ. Chloride Ion-Pairing with Ru(II) Polypyridyl Compounds in Dichloromethane. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:8883-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404838z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William M. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - Byron H. Farnum
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - Maxime Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
| | - Gerald J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218, United States
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36
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Chirdon DN, McCusker CE, Castellano FN, Bernhard S. Tracking of Tuning Effects in Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes: A Combined Time Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy, Electrochemical, and Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8795-804. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401009q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N. Chirdon
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Catherine E. McCusker
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical
Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Felix N. Castellano
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical
Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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37
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Das S, Karmakar S, Saha D, Baitalik S. A Combined Experimental and DFT/TD-DFT Investigation of Structural, Electronic, and Cation-Induced Switching of Photophysical Properties of Bimetallic Ru(II) and Os(II) Complexes Derived from Imidazole-4,5-Dicarboxylic Acid and 2,2′-Bipyridine. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6860-79. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302566p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata - 700 032, India
| | - Srikanta Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata - 700 032, India
| | - Debasish Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata - 700 032, India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata - 700 032, India
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38
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Ortiz JHM, Vega N, Comedi D, Tirado M, Romero I, Fontrodona X, Parella T, Vieyra FEM, Borsarelli CD, Katz NE. Improving the Photosensitizing Properties of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes Using 4-Methyl-2,2′-bipyridine-4′-carbonitrile as an Auxiliary Ligand. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:4950-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302594b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan H. Mecchia Ortiz
- INQUINOA-CONICET,
Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica,
Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, (T4000INI) San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Nadia Vega
- LAFISO and LPDM, Facultad de
Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Independencia 1800, (T4002BLR)
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - David Comedi
- LAFISO and LPDM, Facultad de
Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Independencia 1800, (T4002BLR)
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mónica Tirado
- LAFISO and LPDM, Facultad de
Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Independencia 1800, (T4002BLR)
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Isabel Romero
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics
de Recerca (STR), Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics
de Recerca (STR), Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra E-08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Eduardo Morán Vieyra
- Laboratorio de Cinética
y Fotoquímica, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de
Santiago del Estero (CITSE-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, (4206) Santiago
del Estero, Argentina
| | - Claudio D. Borsarelli
- Laboratorio de Cinética
y Fotoquímica, Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de
Santiago del Estero (CITSE-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, RN 9, Km 1125, (4206) Santiago
del Estero, Argentina
| | - Néstor E. Katz
- INQUINOA-CONICET,
Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica,
Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, (T4000INI) San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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39
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Saha D, Das S, Karmakar S, Dutta S, Baitalik S. Synthesis, structural characterization and anion-, cation- and solvent-induced tuning of photophysical properties of a bimetallic Ru(ii) complex: combined experimental and DFT/TDDFT investigation. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41114a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Xiang H, Cheng J, Ma X, Zhou X, Chruma JJ. Near-infrared phosphorescence: materials and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6128-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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41
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Das S, Saha D, Mardanya S, Baitalik S. A combined experimental and DFT/TDDFT investigation of structural, electronic, and pH-induced tuning of photophysical and redox properties of osmium(ii) mixed-chelates derived from imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid and 2,2′-bipyridine. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:12296-310. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Baker NCA, Fletcher NC, Horton PN, Hursthouse MB. Ruthenium cryptates with an unusual selectivity for nitrate. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7005-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12446g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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