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Li RS, Wang JT, Liu ZY, Zhou XH, Cao ZL, Xie Z. Electron correlation and relativistic effects on the electronic properties of a plutonium and americium mixed oxide (PuAmO 4): from single-particle approximation to dynamical mean-field theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30391-30404. [PMID: 37909910 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02109b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations were performed on a plutonium and americium mixed oxide (PuAmO4), aiming at revealing the effects of electron correlation, Pu/Am 5f-conduction electrons' hybridization, and relativity on its electronic properties. The many-body calculation suggests that the spin-orbit-coupling (SOC)-splitting of j = 5/2 and j = 7/2 manifolds are both in the weakly and moderately correlated states, respectively, implying that the jj coupling scheme is more appropriate for Pu/Am 5f electrons. The density of states, 5f occupation numbers, and Green's functions all suggest that both Pu and Am 5f electrons exhibit the coexistence of the localized and delocalized states. The admixture of 5fn atomic configurations, Pu/Am 5f-conduction electrons' hybridization, and dual characteristics of 5f electrons yield average occupation numbers of 5f electrons n5f = 4.78 and 5.86 for Pu and Am ions, respectively. Within the DFT+DMFT calculation, the weighted-summation-derived occupation numbers in terms of 5f4/5f5/5f6 and 5f5/5f6 configurations for Pu and Am 5f electrons, respectively, are in reasonable agreement with those of other DFT-based calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Song Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China.
| | - Jin-Tao Wang
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi'an 710025, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Liu
- Beijing Research Institute of High Technology, Beijing 100077, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhou
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China.
| | - Ze-Lin Cao
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China.
| | - Zheng Xie
- College of Rare Earth and Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China.
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2
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Virot M, Dumas T, Cot-Auriol M, Moisy P, Nikitenko SI. Synthesis and multi-scale properties of PuO 2 nanoparticles: recent advances and open questions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:4938-4971. [PMID: 36504736 PMCID: PMC9680947 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00306f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increased attention given to actinide nanomaterials, the question of their structure-property relationship is on the spotlight of recent publications. Plutonium oxide (PuO2) particularly plays a central role in nuclear energetics and a comprehensive knowledge about its properties when nanosizing is of paramount interest to understand its behaviour in environmental migration schemes but also for the development of advanced nuclear energy systems underway. The element plutonium further stimulates the curiosity of scientists due to the unique physical and chemical properties it exhibits around the periodic table. PuO2 crystallizes in the fluorite structure of the face-centered cubic system for which the properties can be significantly affected when shrinking. Identifying the formation mechanism of PuO2 nanoparticles, their related atomic, electronic and crystalline structures, and their reactivity in addition to their nanoscale properties, appears to be a fascinating and challenging ongoing topic, whose recent advances are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Virot
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM Marcoule France
| | - Thomas Dumas
- CEA, DEN, DMRC, Univ Montpellier Marcoule France
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3
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Neilson WD, Steele H, Kaltsoyannis N, Murphy S. Accommodation of helium in PuO 2±x and the role of americium. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8245-8250. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05570d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The high alpha-activity of plutonium dioxide (PuO2) results in significant ingrowth of radiogenic helium (He) in the aged material. To safely store/dispose PuO2 or use in applications such as space...
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Neilson W, Steele H, Murphy ST. Evolving Defect Chemistry of (Pu,Am)O 2±x. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:15560-15568. [PMID: 34476035 PMCID: PMC8392350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The β decay of 241Pu to 241Am results in a significant ingrowth of Am during the interim storage of PuO2. Consequently, the safe storage of the large stockpiles of separated Pu requires an understanding of how this ingrowth affects the chemistry of PuO2. This work combines density functional theory (DFT) defect energies and empirical potential calculations of vibrational entropies to create a point defect model to predict how the defect chemistry of PuO2 evolves due to the incorporation of Am. The model predicts that Am occupies Pu sites in (Pu,Am)O2±x in either the +III or +IV oxidation state. High temperatures, low oxygen-to-metal (O/M) ratios, or low Am concentrations favor Am in the +III oxidation state. Am (+III) exists in (Pu,Am)O2±x as the negatively charged (AmPu 1-) defect, requiring charge compensation from holes in the valence band, thereby increasing the conductivity of the material compared to Am-free PuO2. Oxygen vacancies take over as the charge compensation mechanism at low O/M ratios. In (Pu,Am)O2±x , hypo- and (negligible) hyperstoichiometry is found to be provided by the doubly charged oxygen vacancy (VO 2+) and singly charged oxygen interstitial (Oi 1-), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- William
D. Neilson
- Engineering
Department, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1
4YW, U.K.
| | - Helen Steele
- Sellafield
Ltd., Sellafield, Cumbria CA20 1PG, U.K.
| | - Samuel T. Murphy
- Engineering
Department, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1
4YW, U.K.
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Vauchy R, Fouquet-Métivier P, Martin PM, Maillard C, Solinhac I, Guéneau C, Léorier C. New sample stage for characterizing radioactive materials by X-ray powder diffraction: application on five actinide dioxides ThO2, UO2, NpO2, PuO2 and AmO2. J Appl Crystallogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721002235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A new sample stage for characterizing radioactive materials by X-ray powder diffraction was developed at the ATALANTE facility (CEA Marcoule, France) using a conventional (non-nuclearized) Bruker D8 goniometer mounted in Bragg–Brentano geometry. The setup consists of a removable, fully hermetic sample stage, with a 200 µm-thick beryllium window, that can be plugged onto a glove-box, allowing the sample to be introduced in an hermetic medium that also encapsulates the glove-box atmosphere throughout the analysis process. The whole setup is thus hermetically unplugged from the glove-box and positioned on the centre of the goniometer. No preliminary decontamination and/or decontainment of the sample is necessary. The device was developed to avoid an expensive and time-consuming nuclearization of the diffractometer while also keeping it easily accessible for maintenance. Ultimately, keeping the diffractometer out of a glove-box also limits the volume of the final nuclear wastes, and thus the removable sample stage is the only `active' part. X-ray diffraction results of two NIST standards LaB6 and α-Al2O3 as well as five actinide dioxides ThO2, UO2, NpO2, PuO2 and AmO2 are presented to show the efficiency of the setup.
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Bao H, Duan P, Zhou J, Cao H, Li J, Yu H, Jiang Z, Liu H, Zhang L, Lin J, Chen N, Lin X, Liu Y, Huang Y, Wang JQ. Uranium-Induced Changes in Crystal-Field and Covalency Effects of Th4+ in Th1–xUxO2 Mixed Oxides Probed by High-Resolution X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11404-11413. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Peiquan Duan
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Hanjie Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jiong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Haisheng Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Linjuan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Jian Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Ning Chen
- Canadian Light Source, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2 V3, Canada
| | - Xiao Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yancheng Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Yuying Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Jian-Qiang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
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Vauchy R, Joly A, Valot C. Lattice thermal expansion of Pu1−yAmyO2−xplutonium–americium mixed oxides. J Appl Crystallogr 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576717014832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Plutonium–americium mixed oxides, Pu1−yAmyO2−x, with various Am contents (y= 0.018, 0.077, 0.21, 0.49, 0.80 and 1.00) were studiedin situby high-temperature X-ray diffraction. In this study, the lattice thermal expansion of the six compounds subjected to heat treatments up to 1773 K under reconstituted air (N2+ 21% O2+ ∼5 vpm H2O) was investigated. The materials remained monophasic throughout the experiments and, depending upon the americium content, the lattice parameter of the face-centred cubic phase deviated from linear lattice expansion at elevated temperatures as a result of the progressive reduction of Am4+to Am3+.
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8
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Vauchy R, Belin RC, Robisson AC, Lebreton F, Aufore L, Scheinost AC, Martin PM. Actinide Oxidation State and O/M Ratio in Hypostoichiometric Uranium–Plutonium–Americium U0.750Pu0.246Am0.004O2–x Mixed Oxides. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2123-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Vauchy
- CEA, DEN, DTEC, Centre d’études
nucléaires de Marcoule, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30207, France
| | - Renaud C. Belin
- CEA, DEN, DEC,
Centre d’études nucléaires de Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance F-13108, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Robisson
- CEA, DEN, DEC,
Centre d’études nucléaires de Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance F-13108, France
| | - Florent Lebreton
- CEA, DEN, DTEC, Centre d’études
nucléaires de Marcoule, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30207, France
| | - Laurence Aufore
- CEA, DEN, DEC,
Centre d’études nucléaires de Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance F-13108, France
- CEA, DEN, DTN, Centre d’études nucléaires
de Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance F-13108, France
| | - Andreas C. Scheinost
- Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
(HZDR), Institute of Resource Ecology, P.O. Box 510119, 01314 Dresden, Germany
- BM20 Rossendorf
Beamline at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe M. Martin
- CEA, DEN, DTEC, Centre d’études
nucléaires de Marcoule, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30207, France
- CEA, DEN, DEC,
Centre d’études nucléaires de Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance F-13108, France
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9
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Structural investigations of PuIII phosphate by X-ray diffraction, MAS-NMR and XANES spectroscopy. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Shi WQ, Yuan LY, Wang CZ, Wang L, Mei L, Xiao CL, Zhang L, Li ZJ, Zhao YL, Chai ZF. Exploring actinide materials through synchrotron radiation techniques. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:7807-7848. [PMID: 25169914 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron radiation (SR) based techniques have been utilized with increasing frequency in the past decade to explore the brilliant and challenging sciences of actinide-based materials. This trend is partially driven by the basic needs for multi-scale actinide speciation and bonding information and also the realistic needs for nuclear energy research. In this review, recent research progresses on actinide related materials by means of various SR techniques were selectively highlighted and summarized, with the emphasis on X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scattering spectroscopy, which are powerful tools to characterize actinide materials. In addition, advanced SR techniques for exploring future advanced nuclear fuel cycles dealing with actinides are illustrated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Enegy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Strach M, Belin RC, Richaud JC, Rogez J. High Temperature X-ray Diffraction Study of the Oxidation Products and Kinetics of Uranium–Plutonium Mixed Oxides. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12757-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501580x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Strach
- CEA, DEN, DEC, SPUA, LMPC, Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
- IM2NP,
UMR 6122, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Case 251, Avenue Escadrille Normandie
Niemen, 13397 Marseille
Cedex 20, France
| | - Renaud C. Belin
- CEA, DEN, DEC, SPUA, LMPC, Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | | | - Jacques Rogez
- IM2NP,
UMR 6122, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Case 251, Avenue Escadrille Normandie
Niemen, 13397 Marseille
Cedex 20, France
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12
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Martel L, Magnani N, Vigier JF, Boshoven J, Selfslag C, Farnan I, Griveau JC, Somers J, Fanghänel T. High-Resolution Solid-State Oxygen-17 NMR of Actinide-Bearing Compounds: An Insight into the 5f Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6928-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5007555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martel
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nicola Magnani
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Vigier
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jacobus Boshoven
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Chris Selfslag
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ian Farnan
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing
Street, Cambridge, CB2
3EQ, U.K
| | - Jean-Christophe Griveau
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Joseph Somers
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Fanghänel
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Hermann-von-Helmoltz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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