1
|
Queffélec C, Pati PB, Pellegrin Y. Fifty Shades of Phenanthroline: Synthesis Strategies to Functionalize 1,10-Phenanthroline in All Positions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6700-6902. [PMID: 38747613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) is one of the most popular ligands ever used in coordination chemistry due to its strong affinity for a wide range of metals with various oxidation states. Its polyaromatic structure provides robustness and rigidity, leading to intriguing features in numerous fields (luminescent coordination scaffolds, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, sensors, theranostics, etc.). Importantly, phen offers eight distinct positions for functional groups to be attached, showcasing remarkable versatility for such a simple ligand. As a result, phen has become a landmark molecule for coordination chemists, serving as a must-use ligand and a versatile platform for designing polyfunctional arrays. The extensive use of substituted phenanthroline ligands with different metal ions has resulted in a diverse array of complexes tailored for numerous applications. For instance, these complexes have been utilized as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells, as luminescent probes modified with antibodies for biomaterials, and in the creation of elegant supramolecular architectures like rotaxanes and catenanes, exemplified by Sauvage's Nobel Prize-winning work in 2016. In summary, phen has found applications in almost every facet of chemistry. An intriguing aspect of phen is the specific reactivity of each pair of carbon atoms ([2,9], [3,8], [4,7], and [5,6]), enabling the functionalization of each pair with different groups and leading to polyfunctional arrays. Furthermore, it is possible to differentiate each position in these pairs, resulting in non-symmetrical systems with tremendous versatility. In this Review, the authors aim to compile and categorize existing synthetic strategies for the stepwise polyfunctionalization of phen in various positions. This comprehensive toolbox will aid coordination chemists in designing virtually any polyfunctional ligand. The survey will encompass seminal work from the 1950s to the present day. The scope of the Review will be limited to 1,10-phenanthroline, excluding ligands with more intracyclic heteroatoms or fused aromatic cycles. Overall, the primary goal of this Review is to highlight both old and recent synthetic strategies that find applicability in the mentioned applications. By doing so, the authors hope to establish a first reference for phenanthroline synthesis, covering all possible positions on the backbone, and hope to inspire all concerned chemists to devise new strategies that have not yet been explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yann Pellegrin
- Nantes Université, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Davies JA, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Triamine and Tetramine Edge-Length Matching Drives Heteroleptic Triangular and Tetragonal Prism Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5215-5223. [PMID: 38349121 PMCID: PMC10910536 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal-organic capsules, which incorporate more than one type of ligand, can provide enclosed, anisotropic interior cavities for binding low-symmetry molecules of biological and industrial importance. However, the selective self-assembly of a single mixed-ligand architecture, as opposed to the numerous other possible self-assembly outcomes, remains a challenge. Here, we develop a design strategy for the subcomponent self-assembly of heteroleptic metal-organic architectures with anisotropic internal void spaces. Zn6Tet3Tri2 triangular prismatic and Zn8Tet2Tet'4 tetragonal prismatic architectures were prepared through careful matching of the side lengths of the tritopic (Tri) or tetratopic (Tet, Tet') and panels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack A. Davies
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahmadi M, Poater A, Seiffert S. Self-Sorting of Transient Polymer Networks by the Selective Formation of Heteroleptic Metal–Ligand Complexes. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cáceres-Vásquez J, Jara DH, Costamagna J, Martínez-Gómez F, Silva CP, Lemus L, Freire E, Baggio R, Vera C, Guerrero J. Effect of non-covalent self-dimerization on the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of mixed Cu(i) complexes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:825-838. [PMID: 36686905 PMCID: PMC9810106 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05341a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of six new Cu(i) complexes with ([Cu(N-{4-R}pyridine-2-yl-methanimine)(PPh3)Br]) formulation, where R corresponds to a donor or acceptor p-substituent, have been synthesized and were used to study self-association effects on their structural and electrochemical properties. X-ray diffraction results showed that in all complexes the packing is organized from a dimer generated by supramolecular π stacking and hydrogen bonding. 1H-NMR experiments at several concentrations showed that all complexes undergo a fast-self-association monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution, while changes in resonance frequency towards the high or low field in specific protons of the imine ligand allow establishing that dimers have similar structures to those found in the crystal. The thermodynamic parameters for this self-association process were calculated from dimerization constants determined by VT-1H-NMR experiments for several concentrations at different temperatures. The values for K D (4.0 to 70.0 M-1 range), ΔH (-1.4 to -2.6 kcal mol-1 range), ΔS (-0.2 to 2.1 cal mol-1 K-1 range), and ΔG 298 (-0.8 to -2.0 kcal mol-1 range) are of the same order and indicate that the self-dimerization process is enthalpically driven for all complexes. The electrochemical profile of the complexes shows two redox Cu(ii)/Cu(i) processes whose relative intensities are sensitive to concentration changes, indicating that both species are in chemical equilibrium, with the monomer and the dimer having different electrochemical characteristics. We associate this behaviour with the structural lability of the Cu(i) centre that allows the monomeric molecules to reorder conformationally to achieve a more adequate assembly in the non-covalent dimer. As expected, structural properties in the solid and in solution, as well as their electrochemical properties, are not correlated with the electronic parameters usually used to evaluate R substituent effects. This confirms that the properties of the Cu(i) complexes are usually more influenced by steric effects than by the inductive effects of substituents of the ligands. In fact, the results obtained showed the importance of non-covalent intermolecular interactions in the structuring of the coordination geometry around the Cu centre and in the coordinative stability to avoid dissociative equilibria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Cáceres-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos de Coordinación y Química Supramolecular, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de ChileAv. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Danilo H. Jara
- Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo IbáñezAv. Padre Hurtado 750Viña del MarChile
| | - Juan Costamagna
- Laboratorio de Compuestos de Coordinación y Química Supramolecular, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de ChileAv. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile,Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Fabián Martínez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos de Coordinación y Química Supramolecular, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de ChileAv. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile,Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Carlos P. Silva
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Luis Lemus
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Eleonora Freire
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaAvenida Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San MartínBuenos AiresArgentina,Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Argentina and Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBuenos AiresArgentina,Member of CONICETArgentina
| | - Ricardo Baggio
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaAvenida Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San MartínBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Cristian Vera
- Laboratorio de Compuestos de Coordinación y Química Supramolecular, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de ChileAv. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| | - Juan Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Compuestos de Coordinación y Química Supramolecular, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de ChileAv. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Casilla 40, Correo 33SantiagoChile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das R, Linseis M, Scheerer S, Zoller K, Senft L, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Winter RF. Reversible Multielectron Release from Redox-Active Three-Dimensional Molecular Barrels with Ruthenium-Alkenyl Moieties. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12662-12677. [PMID: 35917328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional molecular barrels Ru6-4 and Ru6-5 were synthesized in high yields from dinuclear ruthenium-vinyl clamps and tritopic triphenylamine-derived carboxylate linkers and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy including 1H-1H COSY and 1H DOSY measurements, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The metal frameworks of the cages adopt the shape of twisted trigonal prisms, and they crystallize as racemic mixtures of interdigitating Δ- and Λ-enantiomers with a tight columnar packing in Ru6-4. Electrochemical studies and redox titrations revealed that the cages are able to release up to 11 electrons on the voltammetric timescale and that their cage structures persist up to the hexacation level. IR and UV-vis-near-infrared spectroelectrochemical studies confirm substituent-dependent intramolecular electronic communication within the π-conjugated 1,3-divinylphenylene backbone in the tricationic states, where all three divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium clamps are present in mixed-valent radical cation states. The formation of 1:3 charge-transfer salts with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane as the electron acceptor is also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajorshi Das
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Linseis
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheerer
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Katrin Zoller
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Laura Senft
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus D, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus D, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Rainer F Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tetraruthenium Macrocycles with Laterally Extended Bis(alkenyl)quinoxaline Ligands and Their F4TCNQ•− Salts. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10060082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the tetraruthenium macrocycles Ru4-5 and -6 with a π-conjugated pyrene-appended 5,8-divinylquinoxaline ligand and either isophthalate or thiophenyl-2,5-dicarboxylate linkers and their charge-transfer salts formed by oxidation with two equivalents of F4TCNQ. Both macrocyclic complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, cyclic and square-wave voltammetry, and by IR, UV–vis–NIR, and EPR spectroscopy in their various oxidation states.
Collapse
|
7
|
Howlader P, Schmittel M. Heteroleptic metallosupramolecular aggregates /complexation for supramolecular catalysis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:597-630. [PMID: 35673407 PMCID: PMC9152274 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular catalysis is reviewed with an eye on heteroleptic aggregates/complexation. Since most of the current metallosupramolecular catalytic systems are homoleptic in nature, the idea of breaking/reducing symmetry has ignited a vivid search for heteroleptic aggregates that are made up by different components. Their higher degree of functional diversity and structural heterogeneity allows, as demonstrated by Nature by the multicomponent ATP synthase motor, a more detailed and refined configuration of purposeful machinery. Furthermore, (metallo)supramolecular catalysis is shown to extend beyond the single "supramolecular unit" and to reach far into the field and concepts of systems chemistry and information science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prodip Howlader
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Universität Siegen, Organische Chemie I, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Universität Siegen, Organische Chemie I, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nguyen T, Tran NM, Park IH, Yoo H. Heteroleptic Triple-Stranded Metallosupramolecules with Hydrophobic Inner Voids. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13067-13074. [PMID: 35474782 PMCID: PMC9026104 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The systematic combination of well-defined coordination spheres and multiple types of ligands (heteroleptic) can lead to the generation of hierarchical metallosupramolecules with a high level of complexity and functionality. In particular, a specific multilevel coordination-driven assembly through the initiate generation of multinuclear clusters can form unique heteroleptic multiple-stranded supramolecular complexes. Herein, we report novel triple-stranded nickel-based supramolecules constructed from two different ditopic ligands ([1,1':3',1''-terphenyl]-4,4''-dicarboxylate (TP) and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate (PDA)) and a nickel precursor. The solid-state structures of the as-synthesized supramolecules revealed that three PDA ligands are employed to fabricate a tetranuclear ({Ni4}) cluster, and two {Ni4} clusters are assembled to form the final triple-stranded metallosupramolecules by three TP ligands. The bridging TP ligands also provide large inner voids with highly hydrophobic environments. Structural investigation of the generated complexes provided a deeper understanding of the aspects driving the formation of heteroleptic supramolecules, which is crucial for the design of multiple-strands with desired morphologies and functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh
Nhan Nguyen
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Minh Tran
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyeok Park
- Graduate
School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojong Yoo
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rotthowe N, Linseis M, Vogelsang L, Orth N, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Winter RF. A "Pretender" Croconate-Bridged Macrocyclic Tetraruthenium Complex: Sizable Redox Potential Splittings despite Electronically Insulated Divinylphenylene Diruthenium Entities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175232. [PMID: 34500666 PMCID: PMC8433806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Careful optimization of the reaction conditions provided access to the particularly small tetraruthenium macrocycle 2Ru2Ph-Croc, which is composed out of two redox-active divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium entities {Ru}-1,4-CH=CH-C6H4-CH=CH-{Ru} (Ru2Ph; {Ru} = Ru(CO)Cl(PiPr3)2) and two likewise redox-active and potentially non-innocent croconate linkers. According to single X-ray diffraction analysis, the central cavity of 2Ru2Ph-Croc is shielded by the bulky PiPr3 ligands, which come into close contact. Cyclic voltammetry revealed two pairs of split anodic waves in the weakly ion pairing CH2Cl2/NBu4BArF24 (BArF24 = [B{C6H3(CF3)2-3,5}4]− electrolyte, while the third and fourth waves fall together in CH2Cl2/NBu4PF6. The various oxidized forms were electrogenerated and scrutinized by IR and UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy. This allowed us to assign the individual oxidations to the metal-organic Ru2Ph entities within 2Ru2Ph-Croc, while the croconate ligands remain largely uninvolved. The lack of specific NIR bands that could be assigned to intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) in the mono- and trications indicates that these mixed-valent species are strictly charge-localized. 2Ru2Ph-Croc is hence an exemplary case, where stepwise IR band shifts and quite sizable redox splittings between consecutive one-electron oxidations would, on first sight, point to electronic coupling, but are exclusively due to electrostatic and inductive effects. This makes 2Ru2Ph-Croc a true “pretender”.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rotthowe
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 31, 78464 Konstanz, Germany; (N.R.); (M.L.); (L.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, LJS 251, 840 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Michael Linseis
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 31, 78464 Konstanz, Germany; (N.R.); (M.L.); (L.V.)
| | - Lars Vogelsang
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 31, 78464 Konstanz, Germany; (N.R.); (M.L.); (L.V.)
| | - Nicole Orth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (N.O.); (I.I.-B.)
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (N.O.); (I.I.-B.)
- Department Chemie, Ludwigs-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Haus D, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie der Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 31, 78464 Konstanz, Germany; (N.R.); (M.L.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(7531)-88-5355
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pinto A, Spigolon G, Gavara R, Zonta C, Licini G, Rodríguez L. Tripodal gold(i) polypyridyl complexes and their Cu + and Zn 2+ heterometallic derivatives. Effects on luminescence. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14613-14625. [PMID: 33057515 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02564j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three gold(i) tripodal complexes containing the tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) ligand coordinated to Au-PR3 moieties (PR3 = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.13.7]decane, PTA (1), 3,7-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, DAPTA (2) and triphenylphosphane (3)) were prepared together with a cage-like structure containing triphosphane 1,1,1-tris(diphenylphosphinomethyl)ethane (4). The luminescence of these complexes has been studied and they show a red shift upon the formation of heterometallic complexes by reaction with Zn(NO3)2, CuCl and [Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4. The different coordination motifs of the Zn2+ and Cu+ heterometallic species and the resulting changes in the recorded absorption, emission and NMR spectra were analysed and supported by TD-DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pinto
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Spigolon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and CIRCC - Unità di Padova, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Raquel Gavara
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristiano Zonta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and CIRCC - Unità di Padova, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giulia Licini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and CIRCC - Unità di Padova, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. and Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Goswami A, Schmittel M. Double Rotors with Fluxional Axles: Domino Rotation and Azide-Alkyne Huisgen Cycloaddition Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12362-12366. [PMID: 32315496 PMCID: PMC7383839 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The simple preparation of the multicomponent devices [Cu4 (A)2 ]4+ and [Cu2 (A)(B)]2+ , both rotors with fluxional axles undergoing domino rotation, highlights the potential of self-sorting. The concept of domino rotation requires the interconversion of axle and rotator, allowing the spatiotemporal decoupling of two degenerate exchange processes in [Cu4 (A)2 ]4+ occurring at 142 kHz. Addition of two equiv of B to rotor [Cu4 (A)2 ]4+ afforded the heteromeric two-axle rotor [Cu2 (A)(B)]2+ with two distinct exchange processes (64.0 kHz and 0.55 Hz). The motion requiring a pyridine→zinc porphyrin bond cleavage is 1.2×105 times faster than that operating via a terpyridine→[Cu(phenAr2 )]+ rupture. Finally, both rotors are catalysts due to their copper(I) content. The fast domino rotor (142 kHz) was shown to suppress product inhibition in the catalysis of the azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Goswami
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie IUniversity of SiegenAdolf-Reichwein Str. 257068SiegenGermany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie IUniversity of SiegenAdolf-Reichwein Str. 257068SiegenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Goswami A, Schmittel M. Doppelrotoren mit fluktuierenden Achsen: Domino‐Rotation und Katalyse der Azid‐Alkin‐Huisgen‐Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Goswami
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I Universität Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57068 Siegen Deutschland
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I Universität Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57068 Siegen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fink D, Orth N, Linseis M, Ivanović‐Burmazović I, Winter RF. Structural Versatility and Supramolecular Isomerism in Redox‐Active Tetra‐ and Hexaruthenium Macrocycles. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fink
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Nicole Orth
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Michael Linseis
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović‐Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Saha S, Ghosh A, Paululat T, Schmittel M. Allosteric regulation of rotational, optical and catalytic properties within multicomponent machinery. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8693-8700. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric regulation of various functions within multicomponent machinery was triggered by the reversible transformation of nanorotors (k298 = 44–61 kHz) to “dimeric” supramolecular structures (k298 = 0.60 kHz) upon adding a stoichiometric chemical stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Thomas Paululat
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie II
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Department Chemie – Biologie
- Organische Chemie I
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saha S, Biswas PK, Paul I, Schmittel M. Selective and reversible interconversion of nanosliders commanded by remote control via metal-ion signaling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14733-14736. [PMID: 31750846 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07415e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A multi-device network mainly consisting of two two-component nanosliders was formed by self-sorting of six components. Addition/removal of zinc(ii) ions reversibly reorganized the network by chemical signaling involving the translocation of copper(i) from a relay station followed by the selective disassembly/assembly of one of both multi-component devices. The thus liberated machine parts served to erect a three-component nanoslider alongside the other unchanged two-component nanoslider.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen B, Horiuchi S, Holstein JJ, Tessarolo J, Clever GH. Tunable Fullerene Affinity of Cages, Bowls and Rings Assembled by Pd II Coordination Sphere Engineering. Chemistry 2019; 25:14921-14927. [PMID: 31529653 PMCID: PMC6899814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For metal-mediated host compounds, the development of strategies to reduce symmetry and introduce multiple functionalities in a non-statistical way is a challenging task. We show that the introduction of steric stress around the coordination environment of square-planar PdII cations and bis-monodentate nitrogen donor ligands allows to control the size and shape of the assembled product, from [Pd2 L4 ] cages over [Pd2 L3 ] bowl-shaped structures to [Pd2 L2 ] rings. Therefore, banana-shaped ligand backbones were equipped with pyridines, two different quinoline isomers and acridine, the latter three introducing steric congestion through hydrogen substituents on annelated benzene rings. Differing behavior of the four resulting hosts towards the binding of C60 and C70 fullerenes was studied and related to structural differences by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The three cages based on pyridine, 6-quinoline or 3-quinoline donors were found to either bind C60 , C70 or no fullerene at all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Shinnosuke Horiuchi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
- Division of Chemistry and Materials ScienceGraduate School of EngineeringNagasaki University, Bunkyo-machiNagasaki852-8521Japan
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lorenz Y, Anhäuser J, Lützen A, Engeser M. [2.2]Paracyclophane bis(pyridine)-based metallosupramolecular rhombs in the gas phase: Competitive cleavage of non-covalent and weak covalent bonds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:2007-2013. [PMID: 31098957 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase fragmentation behavior of self-assembled metallo-supramolecular rhombs based on an unusual chiral [2.2]paracyclophane bis(pyridine) ligand is studied by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. The fragmentation patterns strongly depend on the charge state of the respective mass-selected aggregate. For the doubly charged ions, simple symmetric fragmentation is observed in full accordance with previous results reported for related metallo-supramolecular species. The triply charged species cleaves unsymmetrically which can be rationalized by a preferred formation of ions with low charge density. CID of the quadruply charged rhomb reveals a complex fragmentation. Besides ligand oxidation to the radical cation, facile cleavage of the central covalently bound part of the [2.2]paracyclophane ligand takes place which is even preferred over rupture of the weak dative pyridine-Pd bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Anhäuser
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Goswami A, Paululat T, Schmittel M. Switching Dual Catalysis without Molecular Switch: Using A Multicomponent Information System for Reversible Reconfiguration of Catalytic Machinery. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15656-15663. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
19
|
Paul I, Samanta D, Gaikwad S, Schmittel M. Selective detection of DABCO using a supramolecular interconversion as fluorescence reporter. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1371-1378. [PMID: 31293687 PMCID: PMC6604717 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantitative double self-sorting between the three-component rectangle [Cu4(1)2(2)2]4+ and the four-component sandwich complex [Cu2(1)(2)(4)]2+ is triggered by inclusion and release of DABCO (4). The fully reversible and clean switching between two multicomponent supramolecular architectures can be monitored by fluorescence changes at the zinc porphyrin sites. The structural changes are accompanied by a huge spatial contraction/expansion of the zinc porphyrin–zinc porphyrin distances that change from 31.2/38.8 Å to 6.6 Å and back. The supramolecular interconversion was used for the highly selective detection of DABCO in a mixture of other similar compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Debabrata Samanta
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Sudhakar Gaikwad
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Imai Y, Yuasa J. Supramolecular chirality transformation driven by monodentate ligand binding to a coordinatively unsaturated self-assembly based on C 3-symmetric ligands. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4236-4245. [PMID: 31057752 PMCID: PMC6471804 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00399a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monodentate ligand binding is facilitated by supramolecular chirality transformations from propeller-shaped chirality into single-twist chirality by altering the self-assembly of C 3-symmetric chiral ligands. The C 3-symmetric chiral ligands (Im R 3Bz and Im S 3Bz) contain three chiral imidazole side arms (Im R and Im S ) at the 1,3,5-positions of a central benzene ring. Upon coordination to zinc ions (Zn2+), which have a tetrahedral coordination preference, the C 3-symmetric chiral ligands assemble, in a stepwise manner, into a propeller-shaped assembly with a general formula (Im( R or S ) 3Bz)4(Zn2+)3. In this structure each Zn2+ ion coordinates to the three individual imidazole side arms. The resulting assembly is formally coordinatively unsaturated (coordination number, n = 3) and capable of accepting monodentate co-ligands (imidazole: ImH2) to afford a coordinatively saturated assembly [(ImH2)3(Im R 3Bz)4(Zn2+)3]. The preformed propeller-shaped chirality is preserved during this transformation. However, an excess of the monodentate co-ligand (ImH2/Zn2+ molar ratio of ∼1.7) alters the propeller-shaped assembly into a stacked dimer assembly [(ImH2) m (Im R 3Bz)2(Zn2+)3] (m = 4-6) with single-twist chirality. This switch alters the degree of enhancement and the circular dichroism (CD) pattern, suggesting a structural transition into a chiral object with a different shape. This architectural chirality transformation presents a new approach to forming dynamic coordination-assemblies, which have transformable geometric chiral structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku , Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan .
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Tokyo University of Science , 1-3, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku , Tokyo 162-8601 , Japan .
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ghosh A, Paul I, Saha S, Paululat T, Schmittel M. Machine Metathesis: Thermal and Catalyzed Exchange of Piston Rods in Multicomponent Nanorotor/Nanoslider Ensemble. Org Lett 2018; 20:7973-7976. [PMID: 30525699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Three-component nanorotor R1 ( k298 = 80 kHz) and two-component slider-on-deck DS2 ( k298 = 440 kHz) were prepared from rotator S1 and stator [Cu3(1)]3+ and from S2 and deck D, respectively. Mixing of R1 with DS2 leads to clean metathesis, furnishing the slower nanodevices R2 ( k298 = 29.6 kHz) and DS1 ( k298 = 32.2 kHz). Exchange of the piston rods S1 and S2 is completed within 22 min (uncatalyzed) or 3 min (catalyzed) at 298 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering , University of Siegen, Organische Chemie I , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 , D-57068 Siegen , Germany
| | - Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering , University of Siegen, Organische Chemie I , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 , D-57068 Siegen , Germany
| | - Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering , University of Siegen, Organische Chemie I , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 , D-57068 Siegen , Germany
| | - Thomas Paululat
- University of Siegen, Organische Chemie II , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 , D-57068 Siegen , Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering , University of Siegen, Organische Chemie I , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 , D-57068 Siegen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Adeyemo AA, Mukherjee PS. Coordination-driven self-assembly of discrete Ru 6-Pt 6 prismatic cages. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2242-2249. [PMID: 30202478 PMCID: PMC6122361 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination-driven self-assembly of two new Ru6-Pt6 hexanuclear trigonal prismatic cages comprising arene-ruthenium(II) clips (1a(NO3)2 and 1b(NO3)2 ) and a tritopic platinum(II) metalloligand 2 has been performed in methanol at room temperature. The [3 + 2] hexanuclear cages 3a and 3b were isolated in good yields and characterized by well-known spectroscopic techniques including multinuclear NMR, mass spectrometry, UV-vis and infrared studies. Geometry optimization revealed the shapes and sizes of these hexanuclear prismatic cages. The combination of ruthenium and platinum metal center in a one-pot self-assembly reaction showcases the construction of aesthetically elegant heterometallic structures in supramolecular chemistry leading to the formation of a single major product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aderonke Ajibola Adeyemo
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Roberts DA, Pilgrim BS, Sirvinskaite G, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Covalent Post-assembly Modification Triggers Multiple Structural Transformations of a Tetrazine-Edged Fe4L6 Tetrahedron. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9616-9623. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick A. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ben S. Pilgrim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giedre Sirvinskaite
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lorenz Y, Gutiérrez A, Ferrer M, Engeser M. Bond Dissociation Energies of Metallo-supramolecular Building Blocks: Insight from Fragmentation of Selectively Self-Assembled Heterometallic Metallo-supramolecular Aggregates. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7346-7354. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert Gutiérrez
- Departament de Quimica Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Quimica Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ferrer
- Departament de Quimica Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Quimica Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bogie PM, Holloway LR, Lyon Y, Onishi NC, Beran GJO, Julian RR, Hooley RJ. A Springloaded Metal-Ligand Mesocate Allows Access to Trapped Intermediates of Self-Assembly. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4155-4163. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Bogie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Lauren R. Holloway
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yana Lyon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Nicole C. Onishi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gregory J. O. Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ryan R. Julian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard J. Hooley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bhat IA, Jain R, Siddiqui MM, Saini DK, Mukherjee PS. Water-Soluble Pd 8L 4 Self-assembled Molecular Barrel as an Aqueous Carrier for Hydrophobic Curcumin. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5352-5360. [PMID: 28394128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A tetrafacial water-soluble molecular barrel (1) was synthesized by coordination driven self-assembly of a symmetrical tetrapyridyl donor (L) with a cis-blocked 90° acceptor [cis-(en)Pd(NO3)2] (en = ethane-1,2-diamine). The open barrel structure of (1) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The presence of a hydrophobic cavity with large windows makes it an ideal candidate for encapsulation and carrying hydrophobic drug like curcumin in an aqueous medium. The barrel (1) encapsulates curcumin inside its molecular cavity and protects highly photosensitive curcumin from photodegradation. The photostability of encapsulated curcumin is due to the absorption of a high proportion of the incident photons by the aromatic walls of 1 with a high absorption cross-sectional area, which helps the walls to shield the guest even against sunlight/UV radiations. As compared to free curcumin in water, we noticed a significant increase in solubility as well as cellular uptake of curcumin upon encapsulation inside the water-soluble molecular barrel (1) in aqueous medium. Fluorescence imaging confirmed that curcumin was delivered into HeLa cancer cells by the aqueous barrel (1) with the retention of its potential anticancer activity. While free curcumin is inactive toward cancer cells in aqueous medium at room temperature due to negligible solubility, the determined IC50 value of ∼14 μM for curcumin in aqueous medium in the presence of the barrel (1) reflects the efficiency of the barrel as a potential curcumin carrier in aqueous medium without any other additives. Thus, two major challenges of increasing the bioavailability and stability of curcumin in aqueous medium even in the presence of UV light have been addressed by using a new supramolecular water-soluble barrel (1) as a drug carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ruchi Jain
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics and Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mujahuddin M Siddiqui
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Deepak K Saini
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics and Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baskin M, Fridman N, Kosa M, Maayan G. Heteroleptic complexesviasolubility control: examples of Cu(ii), Co(ii), Ni(ii) and Mn(ii) complexes based on the derivatives of terpyridine and hydroxyquinoline. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15330-15339. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe the preparation of synthetically challenging heteroleptic complexes by considering the solubility properties of their corresponding favored homoleptic complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Baskin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Natalia Fridman
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Monica Kosa
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Galia Maayan
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Burke MJ, Nichol GS, Lusby PJ. Orthogonal Selection and Fixing of Coordination Self-Assembly Pathways for Robust Metallo-organic Ensemble Construction. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9308-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Burke
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Paul J. Lusby
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang W, Wang YX, Yang HB. Supramolecular transformations within discrete coordination-driven supramolecular architectures. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2656-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00301f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, a comprehensive summary of supramolecular transformations within discrete coordination-driven supramolecular architectures, including helices, metallacycles, metallacages, etc., is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mittal N, Saha ML, Schmittel M. Fully reversible three-state interconversion of metallosupramolecular architectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8749-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03824g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The reversible switching of a sterically encumbered phenanthroline–Cu+–picolinaldehyde trio back and forth between homoleptic and heteroleptic coordination using the relative metal-ion to ligand ratio is the basis for an unprecedented cyclic three-state interconversion of metallacycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Mittal
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Organische Chemie I
- Universität Siegen
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Manik Lal Saha
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Organische Chemie I
- Universität Siegen
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering
- Organische Chemie I
- Universität Siegen
- D-57068 Siegen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ananthnag GS, Mague JT, Balakrishna MS. Self-Assembled Cyclophane-Type Copper(I) Complexes of 2,4,6-Tris(diphenylphosphino)-1,3,5-triazine and Their Catalytic Application. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10985-92. [PMID: 26517179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The triazine-based trisphosphine, 2,4,6-tris(diphenylphosphino)-1,3,5-triazine (1) was prepared in improved yield by reacting cyanuric chloride with 3 equiv of trimethylsilyldiphenylphosphine. The solid-state structure of 1 showed short intermolecular P···P contacts of 3.362 Å, which is significantly shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of phosphorus atoms (3.6 Å). The reaction of 2,4,6-tris(diphenylphosphino)-1,3,5-triazine (1) with copper(I) salts in a 2:3 molar ratio yielded various cyclophane-type complexes in quantitative yield. The solid-state structures of these clusters have been found to depend on the size of the halide ions, the solvent employed, and the reaction conditions. Copper(I) chloride formed a monomeric metallocyclophane, whereas copper(I) bromide and copper(I) iodide derivatives preferred dimeric and 1D-polymeric structures, respectively. The tricationic complexes derived from Cu(I) ion and 2,4,6-tris(diphenylphosphino)-1,3,5-triazine also adopted monomeric metallocyclophane structures. These complexes have been employed in the A(3) coupling reaction under microwave irradiation. The copper(I) iodide derivative showed excellent catalytic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guddekoppa S Ananthnag
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University , New Orleans, Lousiana 70118, United States
| | - Maravanji S Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
McConnell AJ, Wood CS, Neelakandan PP, Nitschke JR. Stimuli-Responsive Metal–Ligand Assemblies. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7729-93. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 759] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher S. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Prakash P. Neelakandan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cook TR, Stang PJ. Recent Developments in the Preparation and Chemistry of Metallacycles and Metallacages via Coordination. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7001-45. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5005666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1299] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 359 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E. Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Noh TH, Hong W, Lee H, Jung OS. Indistinguishability and distinguishability between amide and ester moieties in the construction and properties of M6L8 octahedral nanocages. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:787-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02408g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of octahedral nanocages with ester, amide, and mixed ester/amide spacers in construction and valuable functions have been investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwan Noh
- Department of Chemistry
- Pusan National University
- Pusan 609-735
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woosik Hong
- Department of Chemistry
- Pusan National University
- Pusan 609-735
- Republic of Korea
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Pusan National University
- Pusan 609-735
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Sang Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Pusan National University
- Pusan 609-735
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Han YF, Zhang L, Weng LH, Jin GX. H2-Initiated Reversible Switching between Two-Dimensional Metallacycles and Three-Dimensional Cylinders. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14608-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja508543y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Feng Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular
Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, 200433 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular
Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, 200433 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Hong Weng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular
Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, 200433 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular
Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, 200433 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Garci A, Gupta G, Dalvit C, Therrien B. Investigating the Formation Mechanism of Arene Ruthenium Metallacycles by NMR Spectroscopy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
37
|
Riddell IA, Ronson TK, Clegg JK, Wood CS, Bilbeisi RA, Nitschke JR. Cation- and Anion-Exchanges Induce Multiple Distinct Rearrangements within Metallosupramolecular Architectures. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9491-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imogen A. Riddell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher S. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Rana A. Bilbeisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liang GM, Shang J, Yang KG, Ma K, Ni QL. Counter-anion role in the formation of two supramolecular complexes: [Ag2(DPP)2](ClO4)2·CH3CN and [Ag2(DPP)2(NO3)2] {DPP is N-[(diphenylphosphanyl)methyl]pyridin-4-amine}. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2014; 70:379-83. [PMID: 24705052 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229614005725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compounds, bis{μ-N-[(diphenylphosphanyl)methyl]pyridin-4-amine-κ(2)N(1):P}disilver bis(perchlorate) acetonitrile monosolvate, [Ag2(C18H17N2P)2](ClO4)2·CH3CN, (1), and bis{μ-N-[(diphenylphosphanyl)methyl]pyridin-4-amine-κ(2)N(1):P}bis[(nitrato-κ(2)O,O)silver], [Ag2(C18H17N2P)2(NO3)2], (2), each contain disilver macrocyclic [Ag2(C18H17N2P)2](2+) cations lying about inversion centres. The cations are constructed by two N-[(diphenylphosphanyl)methyl]pyridin-4-amine (DPP) ligands linking two Ag(+) cations in a head-to-tail fashion. In (1), the unique Ag(+) cation has a near-linear coordination geometry consisting of one pyridine N atom and one P atom from two different DPP ligands. Two ClO4(-) anions doubly bridge two metallomacrocycles through Ag···O and N-H···O weak interactions to form a chain extending in the c direction. The half-occupancy acetonitrile molecule lies with its methyl C atom on a twofold axis and makes a weak N···Ag contact. In (2), there are two independent [Ag(C18H17N2P)](+) cations. The nitrate anions weakly chelate to each Ag(+) cation, leading to each Ag(+) cation having a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry consisting of one pyridine N atom and one P atom from two different DPP ligands, and two chelating nitrate O atoms. Each dinuclear [Ag2(C18H17N2P)2(NO3)2] molecule acts as a four-node to bridge four adjacent equivalent molecules through N-H···O interactions, forming a two-dimensional sheet parallel to the bc plane. Each sheet contains dinuclear molecules involving just Ag1 or Ag2 and these two types of sheet are stacked in an alternating fashion. The sheets containing Ag1 all lie near x = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 etc, while those containing Ag2 all lie near x = 0, 1, 2 etc. Thus, the two independent sheets are arranged in an alternating sequence at x = 0, 1/2, 1, 3/2 etc. These two different supramolecular structures result from the different geometric conformations of the templating anions which direct the self-assembly of the cations and anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ming Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Guo Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Ma
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ling Ni
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Han M, Michel R, Clever GH. Rational Design of a Face-Centred Square-Cuboid Coordination Cage. Chemistry 2014; 20:10640-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
40
|
Saha ML, Neogi S, Schmittel M. Dynamic heteroleptic metal-phenanthroline complexes: from structure to function. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:3815-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53570c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
41
|
Scottwell SØ, Shaffer KJ, McAdam CJ, Crowley JD. 5-Ferrocenyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligands: synthesis, palladium(ii) and copper(i) complexes, optical and electrochemical properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two 5-ferrocenyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligands were synthesised using the palladium(0) catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Palladium(ii) and copper(i) complexes of these ligands were synthesised and the optical and electrochemical properties of the complexes were compared to those of the “free” ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ø. Scottwell
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - K. J. Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - C. J. McAdam
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - J. D. Crowley
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Garci A, Marti S, Schürch S, Therrien B. Insight into the dynamic ligand exchange process involved in bipyridyl linked arene ruthenium metalla-rectangles. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46859c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
43
|
Chakraborty S, Mondal S, Bhowmick S, Ma J, Tan H, Neogi S, Das N. Triptycene based organometallic complexes: a new class of acceptor synthons for supramolecular ensembles. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13270-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01298d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New triptycene based organometallic complexes have been synthesized and subsequently used for design of the triptycene motif containing nanoscalar trigonal prisms. Flexible 3,3′-bipyridine is employed as a donor unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Snehasish Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Sourav Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| | - Jianqiu Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Subhadip Neogi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 800 013, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Stickel M, Maichle-Moessmer C, Mayer HA. Trimeric Cage Complexes of Platinum Group and Coin Metals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|