1
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Intra-ring proton transfer effect on the Structure-NLO property relationships of phthalocyanine derivatives. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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2
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Shek HL, Yeung CF, Chung LH, Wong CY. A focused review on the unconventional alkyne activations by ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) complexes supported by 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm). Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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3
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Roy SS, Chowdhury SR, Mishra S, Patra SK. Role of Substituents at 3-position of Thienylethynyl Spacer on Electronic Properties in Diruthenium(II) Organometallic Wire-like Complexes. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3304-3313. [PMID: 32790947 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of organometallic complexes [Cl(dppe)2 Ru-C≡C-(3-R-C4 H2 S)-C≡C-Ru(dppe)2 Cl] (3-R-C4 H2 S=3-substituted thienyl moiety; R=-H, -C2 H5 , -C3 H7 , -C4 H9 , -C6 H13 , -OMe, -CN in 5 a-5 g respectively) have been synthesized by systematic variation of 3-substituents at the thienylethynyl bridging unit. The diruthenum(II) wire-like complexes (5 a-5 g) have been achieved by the reaction of thienylethynyl bridging units, HC≡C-(3-R-C4 H2 S)-C≡CH (4 a-4 g) with cis-[Ru(dppe)2 Cl2 ]. The wire-like diruthenium(II) complexes undergo two consecutive electrochemical oxidation processes in the potential range of 0.0 - 0.8 V. Interestingly, the wave separation between the two redox waves is greatly influenced by the substituents at the 3-position of the thienylethynyl. Thus, the substitution on 3-position of the thienylethynyl bridging unit plays a pivotal role for tuning the electronic properties. To understand the electronic behavior, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the selected diruthenium wire-like complexes (5 a-5 e) with different alkyl appendages are performed. The theoretical data demonstrate that incorporation of alkyl groups to the thienylethynyl entity leaves unsymmetrical spin densities, thus affecting the electronic properties. The voltammetric features of the other two Ru(II) alkynyl complexes 5 f and 5 g (with -OMe and -CN group respectively) show an apparent dependence on the electronic properties. The electronic properties in the redox conjugate, (5 a+ ) with Kc of 3.9×106 are further examined by UV-Vis-NIR and FTIR studies, showing optical responses in NIR region along with changes in "-Ru-C≡C-" vibrational stretching frequency. The origin of the observed electronic transition has been assigned based on time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Saha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, WB, India
| | | | - Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, WB, India
| | - Sanjib K Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, WB, India
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4
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Jiang P, Wang Z, Moxey GJ, Morshedi M, Barlow A, Wang G, Quintana C, Zhang C, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG. Syntheses and quadratic nonlinear optical properties of 2,7-fluorenylene- and 1,4-phenylene-functionalized o-carboranes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12549-12559. [PMID: 31367717 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
o-Carboranes C-functionalized by (4-substituted-phen-1-yl)ethynyl-1,4-phenyl groups or (2-substituted-fluoren-7-yl)ethynyl-2,7-fluorenyl groups, in which the pendant functionalization is electron-withdrawing nitro or electron-donating diphenylamino groups, have been synthesized and in many cases structurally characterized. Diphenylamino-containing examples coupled via the two π-delocalizable bridges to the electron-accepting o-carborane unit exhibit the greater quadratic optical nonlinearities at 1064 nm (hyper-Rayleigh scattering, ns pulses), the nonlinearities also increasing on proceeding from 1,4-phenylene- to 2,7-fluorenylene-containing bridge. The most NLO-efficient example 2-(n-butyl)-1-(2-((9,9-di(n-butyl)-2-(N,N-diphenylamino)-9H-fluoren-7-yl)ethynyl)-9,9-di(n-butyl)-9H-fluoren-7-yl)-1,2-ortho-carborane, consisting of diphenylamino donor, fluorenyl-containing bridge, o-carborane acceptor, and solubilizing n-butyl units, exhibits large 〈β〉HRS (230 × 10-30 esu) and frequency-independent (two-level model) 〈β0〉 (96 × 10-30 esu) values. Coupling two (2-((9,9-di(n-butyl)-2-(N,N-diphenylamino)-9H-fluoren-7-yl)ethynyl)-9,9-di(n-butyl)-9H-fluoren-7-yl) units to the 1,2-ortho-carborane core affords a di-C-functionalized compound with enhanced nonlinearities (309 × 10-30 esu and 129 × 10-30 esu, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhaojin Wang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Graeme J Moxey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Adam Barlow
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Genmiao Wang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Cristóbal Quintana
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Marie P Cifuentes
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China. and Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China. and Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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5
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Kodikara MS, Stranger R, Humphrey MG. Computational studies of the nonlinear optical properties of organometallic complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Haque A, Al-Balushi RA, Al-Busaidi IJ, Khan MS, Raithby PR. Rise of Conjugated Poly-ynes and Poly(Metalla-ynes): From Design Through Synthesis to Structure-Property Relationships and Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8474-8597. [PMID: 30112905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated poly-ynes and poly(metalla-ynes) constitute an important class of new materials with potential application in various domains of science. The key factors responsible for the diverse usage of these materials is their intriguing and tunable chemical and photophysical properties. This review highlights fascinating advances made in the field of conjugated organic poly-ynes and poly(metalla-ynes) incorporating group 4-11 metals. This includes several important aspects of conjugated poly-ynes viz. synthetic protocols, bonding, electronic structure, nature of luminescence, structure-property relationships, diverse applications, and concluding remarks. Furthermore, we delineated the future directions and challenges in this particular area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rayya A Al-Balushi
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Idris Juma Al-Busaidi
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad S Khan
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Paul R Raithby
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
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7
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Triadon A, Grelaud G, Richy N, Mongin O, Moxey GJ, Dixon IM, Yang X, Wang G, Barlow A, Rault-Berthelot J, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG, Paul F. Linear and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Fe(η5-C5Me5)(κ2-dppe)- and trans-Ru(κ2-dppe)2-Alkynyl Complexes Containing 2-Fluorenyl End Groups. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amédée Triadon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Guillaume Grelaud
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Nicolas Richy
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Mongin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Graeme J. Moxey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Isabelle M. Dixon
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Xinwei Yang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Genmiao Wang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Adam Barlow
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Joelle Rault-Berthelot
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Marie P. Cifuentes
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Frédéric Paul
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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8
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Kodikara MS, Stranger R, Humphrey MG. Long-Range Corrected DFT Calculations of First Hyperpolarizabilities and Excitation Energies of Metal Alkynyl Complexes. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1537-1546. [PMID: 29569849 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The performance of the CAM-B3LYP, ωB97X and LC-BLYP long-range corrected density functional theory methods in the calculation of molecular first hyperpolarizabilities (β) and low-lying charge transfer (CT) excitation energies of the metal alkynyl complexes M(C≡C-4-C6 H4 -1-NO2 )(κ2 -dppe)(η5 -C5 H5 ) [M=Fe (1), Ru (2), Os (3)] and trans-[Ru{C≡C-(1,4-C6 H4 C≡C)n -4-C6 H4 -1-NO2 }Cl(κ2 -dppm)2 ] [n=0 (4), 1 (5), 2 (6)] was assessed. The BLYP, B3LYP and PBE0 standard exchange-correlation functionals and the Hartree-Fock method were also examined. The BLYP functional was shown to perform poorly in the calculation of β and low-energy CT transitions. The hybrid functionals (B3LYP and PBE0) showed significant improvement over the pure functional BLYP, but overestimated the hyperpolarizability ratios and the wavelengths of the lowest energy metal-to-ligand CT transitions for 5 and 6. The effect of long-range corrections is noteworthy, particularly for the larger complexes, improving the calculation of β ratios for 4-6. However, CAM-B3LYP, ωB97X, and LC-BLYP considerably overestimated the low-lying CT energies. PBE0 was found to give the best transition energy match for 4. The influence of the phenylene ring orientation in the alkynyl ligand on the calculated properties is substantial, particularly for the larger complexes. For these types of calculations, a basis set with diffuse functions (at least 6-31+G(d)) for the heavy elements is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh S Kodikara
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Ruhuna, Matara, 81000, Sri Lanka
| | - Rob Stranger
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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9
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Babgi BA, Kodikara MS, Morshedi M, Wang H, Quintana C, Schwich T, Moxey GJ, Van Steerteghem N, Clays K, Stranger R, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG. Linear Optical, Quadratic and Cubic Nonlinear Optical, Electrochemical, and Theoretical Studies of “Rigid‐Rod” Bis‐Alkynyl Ruthenium Complexes. Chempluschem 2018; 83:630-642. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandar A. Babgi
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mahesh S. Kodikara
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Huan Wang
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 China
| | - Cristóbal Quintana
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Torsten Schwich
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Graeme J. Moxey
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Nick Van Steerteghem
- Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Dynamics Centre for Research on Molecular Electronics and Photonics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Koen Clays
- Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Dynamics Centre for Research on Molecular Electronics and Photonics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Robert Stranger
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Marie P. Cifuentes
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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10
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Gao B, Mazur LM, Morshedi M, Barlow A, Wang H, Quintana C, Zhang C, Samoc M, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG. Exceptionally large two- and three-photon absorption cross-sections by OPV organometalation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8301-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02560a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
End-functionalization of OPVs by chlorobis{bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane}ruthenium alkynyl units affords molecules with exceptionally large two- and three-photon absorption cross-sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Gao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Leszek M. Mazur
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - Adam Barlow
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Cristóbal Quintana
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Marek Samoc
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Marie P. Cifuentes
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- Research School of Chemistry
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
- Research School of Chemistry
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11
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Malvolti F, Rouxel C, Triadon A, Grelaud G, Richy N, Mongin O, Blanchard-Desce M, Toupet L, Razak FIA, Stranger R, Samoc M, Yang X, Wang G, Barlow A, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG, Paul F. 2,7-Fluorenediyl-Bridged Complexes Containing Electroactive “Fe(η5-C5Me5)(κ2-dppe)C≡C–” End Groups: Molecular Wires and Remarkable Nonlinear Electrochromes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Malvolti
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Cédric Rouxel
- Chimie
et Photonique Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 6510, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Amédée Triadon
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Grelaud
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Nicolas Richy
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Mongin
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- Chimie
et Photonique Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 6510, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Chimie
et Photonique Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 6510, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Loic Toupet
- Institut
de Physique de Rennes (IPR), UMR CNRS 6251, Université de Rennes I, Campus
de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Fazira I. Abdul Razak
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Robert Stranger
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Marek Samoc
- Laser Physics
Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Advanced
Materials Engineering and Modeling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Xinwei Yang
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Genmiao Wang
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Adam Barlow
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Marie P. Cifuentes
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Frédéric Paul
- Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Campus
de Beaulieu, Bât. 10C, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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12
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Zhao H, Simpson PV, Barlow A, Moxey GJ, Morshedi M, Roy N, Philip R, Zhang C, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG. Syntheses, Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Studies of a Hybrid Tris{ruthenium(alkynyl)/(2-phenylpyridine)}iridium Complex. Chemistry 2015; 21:11843-54. [PMID: 26179471 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of fac-[Ir{N,C1′-(2,2′-NC5H4C6H3-5′-C≡C-1-C6H2-3,5-Et2-4-C≡CC6H4-4-C≡CH)}3] (10), which bears pendant ethynyl groups, and its reaction with [RuCl(dppe)2]PF6 to afford the heterobimetallic complex fac-[Ir{N,C1′-(2,2′-NC5H4C6H3-5′-C≡C-1-C6H2-3,5-Et2-4-C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C-trans-[RuCl(dppe)2])}3] (11) is described. Complex 10 is available from the two-step formation of iodo-functionalized fac-tris[2-(4-iodophenyl)pyridine]iridium(III) (6), followed by ligand-centered palladium-catalyzed coupling and desilylation reactions. Structural studies of tetrakis[2-(4-iodophenyl)pyridine-N,C1′](μ-dichloro)diiridium 5, 6, fac-[Ir{N,C1′-(2,2′-NC5H4C6H3-5′-C≡C-1-C6H2-3,5-Et2-4-C≡CH)}3] (8), and 10 confirm ligand-centered derivatization of the tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium unit. Electrochemical studies reveal two (5) or one (6–10) Ir-centered oxidations for which the potential is sensitive to functionalization at the phenylpyridine groups but relatively insensitive to more remote derivatization. Compound 11 undergoes sequential Ru-centered and Ir-centered oxidation, with the potential of the latter significantly more positive than that of Ir(N,C′-NC5H4-2-C6H4-2)3. Ligand-centered π–π* transitions characteristic of the Ir(N,C′-NC5H4-2-C6H4-2)3 unit red-shift and gain in intensity following the iodo and alkynyl incorporation. Spectroelectrochemical studies of 6, 7, 9, and 11 reveal the appearance in each case of new low-energy LMCT bands following formal IrIII/IV oxidation preceded, in the case of 11, by the appearance of a low-energy LMCT band associated with the formal RuII/III oxidation process. Emission maxima of 6–10 reveal a red-shift upon alkynyl group introduction and arylalkynyl π-system lengthening; this process is quenched upon incorporation of the ligated ruthenium moiety on proceeding to 11. Third-order nonlinear optical studies of 11 were undertaken at the benchmark wavelengths of 800 nm (fs pulses) and 532 nm (ns pulses), the results from the former suggesting a dominant contribution from two-photon absorption, and results from the latter being consistent with primarily excited-state absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajian Zhao
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750.,School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094 (P.R. China)
| | - Peter V Simpson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750
| | - Adam Barlow
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750
| | - Graeme J Moxey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750
| | - Nivya Roy
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560080 (India)
| | - Reji Philip
- Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560080 (India)
| | - Chi Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750.,School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094 (P.R. China)
| | - Marie P Cifuentes
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2-6125-0750.
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13
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Bis-chelated-(3-methoxy-2-oxo-benzaldehyde)–copper(II) complex: Synthesis, crystal structure, fluorescence property, DFT calculation, and catecholase activity. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Marqués-González S, Parthey M, Yufit DS, Howard JAK, Kaupp M, Low PJ. Combined Spectroscopic and Quantum Chemical Study of [trans-Ru(C≡CC6H4R1-4)2(dppe)2]n+ and [trans-Ru(C≡CC6H4R1-4)(C≡CC6H4R2-4)(dppe)2]n+ (n = 0, 1) Complexes: Interpretations beyond the Lowest Energy Conformer Paradigm. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500265s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Parthey
- Institut für
Chemie Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17.
Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitry S. Yufit
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South
Road, DH1 3LE Durham, U.K
| | | | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für
Chemie Sekr. C7, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17.
Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009 Perth, Australia
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15
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Frenette M, Hatamimoslehabadi M, Bellinger-Buckley S, Laoui S, Bag S, Dantiste O, Rochford J, Yelleswarapu C. Nonlinear optical properties of multipyrrole dyes. Chem Phys Lett 2014; 608:303-307. [PMID: 25242819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The nonlinear optical properties of a series of pyrrolic compounds consisting of BODIPY and aza-BODIPY systems are investigated using 532 nm nanosecond laser and the Z-scan technique. Results show that 3,5-distyryl extension of BODIPY to the red shifted MeO2BODIPY dye has a dramatic impact on its nonlinear absorption properties changing it from a saturable absorber to an efficient reverse saturable absorbing material with a nonlinear absorption coefficient of 4.64 × 10-10 m/W. When plotted on a concentration scale per mole of dye in solution MeO2BODIPY far outperforms the recognized zinc(II) phthalocyanine dye and is comparable to that of zinc(II) tetraphenylporphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Frenette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
| | | | | | - Samir Laoui
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
| | - Seema Bag
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
| | - Olivier Dantiste
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
| | - Jonathan Rochford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
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16
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Kulasekera E, Petrie S, Stranger R, Humphrey MG. DFT Calculation of Static First Hyperpolarizabilities and Linear Optical Properties of Metal Alkynyl Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500124c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erandi Kulasekera
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Simon Petrie
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Robert Stranger
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
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17
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Grelaud G, Cifuentes MP, Paul F, Humphrey MG. Group 8 metal alkynyl complexes for nonlinear optics. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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DFT/TD-DFT analysis of structural, electrochemical and optical data from mononuclear osmium and heterobinuclear osmium–ruthenium alkynyl complexes. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Siu SKL, Ko CC, Au VKM, Yam VWW. Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Studies of Luminescent Dinuclear and Trinuclear Copper(I) Alkynyl Phosphines. J CLUST SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-013-0648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Twists and turns: Studies of the complexes and properties of bimetallic complexes featuring phenylene ethynylene and related bridging ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Fluorescent bis-chelated-1,10-phenanthroline-azido-copper(II) complex for selective sensing of aniline. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Drouet S, Merhi A, Yao D, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG, Wielgus M, Olesiak-Banska J, Matczyszyn K, Samoc M, Paul F, Paul-Roth CO. Cubic nonlinear optical properties of new zinc tetraphenyl porphyrins peripherally functionalized with electron-rich Ru(II) alkynyl substituents. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Green KA, Simpson PV, Corkery TC, Cifuentes MP, Samoc M, Humphrey MG. Divergent Synthesis of Ruthenium Alkynyl Dendrimers and a Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Section Dendritic Effect. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:573-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Inouchi T, Nakashima T, Toba M, Kawai T. Preparation and Acid-Responsive Photophysical Properties of T-Shaped π-Conjugated Molecules Containing a Benzimidazole Junction. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:3020-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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26
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Song P, Liu C, Guan W, Yan L, Sun X, Yao C, Su Z. Theoretical investigation of second-order nonlinear optical response — Hexamolybdate as a superior donor over metal carbonyl complexes in the D–π–A model. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v10-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the nonlinear optical (NLO) response for the donor-conjugated bridge-accepter (D–π–A) model of p-nitroaniline (PNA) – hexamolybdate derivatives and PNA–metal–carbonyl complexes. The bond length alternation (BLA) values decrease with lengthening of the π-conjugated bridge, especially for PNA–hexamolybdate derivatives, which dramatically enhances the NLO response. In addition, the introduction of Mo≡N in PNA–hexamolybdate derivatives is expected to provide a better electron transition channel, consequently generating lower BLA values and an outstanding NLO response compared with PNA–metal–carbonyl complexes. It is shown that the hexamolybdate acts as an electron donor when incorporating metal–carbonyl complexes into one molecule. All these behaviors reflect the superiority of hexamolybdate as a donor moiety in the D–π–A model for the design of potential NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Likai Yan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Chan Yao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
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27
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Benameur A, Brignou P, Di Piazza E, Hervault YM, Norel L, Rigaut S. Redox-active ruthenium(ii) σ-arylacetylide wires for molecular electronics incorporating insulating chains. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20235a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Samoc M, Corkery TC, McDonagh AM, Cifuentes MP, Humphrey MG. Organometallic Complexes for Non-linear Optics. 49.* Third-Order Non-linear Optical Spectral Dependence Studies of Arylalkynylruthenium Dendrimers. Aust J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The cubic hyperpolarizabilities of 1,3,5-(trans-[RuCl(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)])3C6H3 (1), 1,3,5-(trans-[Ru(C≡CPh)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)])3C6H3 (2), 1,3,5-(trans-[Ru(C≡CC6H4-4-NO2)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)])3C6H3 (3), 1,3,5-{trans-[Ru(C≡C-3,5-(trans-[Ru(C≡CPh)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)])2C6H3)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)]}3C6H3 (4), and 1,3,5-{trans-[Ru(C≡C-3,5-(trans-[Ru(C≡CC6H4-4-NO2)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)])2C6H3)(dppe)2(C≡CC6H4-4-C≡C)]}3C6H3 (5) have been assessed over the spectral range 520–1600 nm using the Z-scan technique and ~150 fs pulses. All complexes exhibit negative values of γreal (corresponding to self-defocusing behaviour) and significant positive values of γimag (corresponding to two-photon absorption) at short wavelengths (up to 1000 nm). The maximal values of γreal and γimag increase in magnitude on dendrimer generation increase (proceeding from 2 to 4 or 3 to 5). The open-aperture Z-scan results have been used to confirm and contrast the two-photon (2PA) and three-photon absorption (3PA) behaviour of 1–5, the data being consistent with the existence of 2PA at the short wavelength range, but with significant 3PA at longer wavelengths for 1–3 and 5, a record 3PA coefficient for an inorganic complex for 5 at 1180 nm, and appreciable 3PA at the telecommunications wavelength of 1300 nm.
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29
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Third-order nonlinear optical materials: practical issues and theoretical challenges. J Mol Model 2010; 17:2183-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Yi C, Blum C, Lehmann M, Keller S, Liu SX, Frei G, Neels A, Hauser J, Schürch S, Decurtins S. Versatile strategy to access fully functionalized benzodifurans: redox-active chromophores for the construction of extended pi-conjugated materials. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3350-7. [PMID: 20420448 DOI: 10.1021/jo100323s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic approach to construct a fully substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']difuran (BDF) 2a via base-catalyzed double annulations is presented. Compound 2a can readily undergo Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira coupling reactions to afford in good yields a manifold of extended pi-conjugated BDF derivatives, e.g., with pyridine termini (4-6) and with different spacers. These are highly luminescent materials that undergo two reversible one-electron oxidations. Remarkably, their photophysical and electrochemical properties can be largely tuned by methylation or protonation. Consequently, they can function as pH-dependent fluorescence switches. Finally, the observed electronic properties are explained on the basis of density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Yi
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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31
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Leoni P, Marchetti L, Bonuccelli V, Mohapatra S, Albinati A, Rizzato S. Proton-Transfer Reactions on Hexanuclear Platinum Clusters: Reversible Heterolytic Cleavage of H2 and CH Activation Affording a Linear, Cluster-Containing Polymer. Chemistry 2010; 16:9468-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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32
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Khairul WM, Fox MA, Schauer PA, Yufit DS, Albesa-Jové D, Howard JAK, Low PJ. The electronic structures of diruthenium complexes containing an oligo(phenylene ethynylene) bridging ligand, and some related molecular structures. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:11605-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Babgi B, Rigamonti L, Cifuentes MP, Corkery TC, Randles MD, Schwich T, Petrie S, Stranger R, Teshome A, Asselberghs I, Clays K, Samoc M, Humphrey MG. Length-dependent convergence and saturation behavior of electrochemical, linear optical, quadratic nonlinear optical, and cubic nonlinear optical properties of dipolar alkynylruthenium complexes with oligo(phenyleneethynylene) bridges. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:10293-307. [PMID: 19621969 DOI: 10.1021/ja902793z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of trans-[Ru{4,4'-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppm)(2)] (19), trans-[Ru{4,4',4''-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppm)(2)] (20), trans-[Ru{4,4',4'',4'''-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppe)(2)] (21), trans-[Ru{4,4',4'',4'''-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppm)(2)] (22), trans-[Ru{4,4',4'',4'''-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppm)(2)] (23), and trans-[Ru{4,4',4'',4''',4''''-C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(2)[2,5-(OEt)(2)]C[triple bond]CC(6)H(4)NO(2)}Cl(dppm)(2)] (24) are reported, together with those of precursor alkynes, complexes with the donor-pi-bridge-acceptor formulation that affords efficient quadratic and cubic NLO compounds; the identity of 19 was confirmed by a structural study. The electrochemical properties of 19-24 and related complexes with shorter pi-bridge ligands were assessed by cyclic voltammetry, and the linear optical, quadratic nonlinear optical, and cubic nonlinear optical properties were assayed by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, hyper-Rayleigh scattering studies at 1064 and 1300 nm, and broad spectral range femtosecond Z-scan studies, respectively. The Ru(II/III) oxidation potentials and wavelengths of the optical absorption maxima decrease on pi-bridge lengthening, until the tri(phenyleneethynylene) complex is reached, further chain lengthening leaving these parameters invariant; theoretical studies employing time-dependent density functional theory have shed light on this behavior. The quadratic nonlinearity beta(1064) and two-photon absorption cross-section reach maximal values at this same pi-bridge length, a similar saturation behavior that may reflect a common importance of ruthenium-to-alkynyl ligand charge transfer in electronic and optical behavior in these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Babgi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
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