1
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Caroff CM, Girolami GS. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Volatile Lanthanide Dialkyltriazenides. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16740-16749. [PMID: 36206485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several dialkyltriazenide complexes of the lanthanide elements neodymium, europium, and erbium have been prepared; these include the homoleptic complex Er(ButN3But)3, the tetrahydrofuran monoadducts Ln(ButN3But)3(THF) where Ln = Nd or Eu, and the lithium salts [Li(THF)][Ln(MeN3But)4] where Ln = Eu or Er. Crystal structures, nuclear magnetic resonance data, and infrared data are reported for all complexes. The di-tert-butyltriazenide complexes are thermally stable, sublime at reasonably low temperatures, and show smooth volatilization without decomposition, which make them potentially useful in lanthanide separation processes and as chemical vapor deposition precursors for lanthanide nitrides and other phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Caroff
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gregory S Girolami
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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2
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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3
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Kolybalov DS, Sukhikh TS, Bashirov DA, Konchenko SN. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF NEW Er(III) COMPLEXES
WITH N,N′-1,3-BIS(2,6-DIISOPROPYLPHENYL)TRIAZENIDE. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yann Sarazin
- CNRS, ISCR‐UMR 6226 Univ Rennes 35000 Rennes France
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5
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Flanagan KR, Parish JD, Fox MA, Johnson AL. Synthetic, Structural, and Computational Studies on Heavier Tetragen and Chalcogen Triazenide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16660-16666. [PMID: 31746594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of the triazenide complexes [{N(NDipp)2}2M] (Dipp = 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl; M = Ge(II) (1), Sn(II) (2), Pb(II) (3), and Te(II) (5)) are described for the first time. These compounds have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Density functional theory calculations were employed to confirm the presence and nature of the stereochemically active lone pairs in 1-5, alongside the Gibbs energy changes for their general synthesis, which enable the rationalization of observed reactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry R Flanagan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , United Kingdom
| | - James D Parish
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Fox
- Department of Chemistry , University of Durham , South Road , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , United Kingdom
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6
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Gyton MR, Bhadbhade M, Cole ML. A Flexible, Extremely Sterically Demanding Triazenide Ligand: Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Gyton
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
- Current address: Department of Chemistry University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry United Kingdom
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Marcus L. Cole
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
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7
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Beweries T, Reiß F, Rothe J, Schulz A, Villinger A. Triazenido Complexes of Titanocene(III). Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Julia Rothe
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Abteilung für Anorganische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Abteilung für Anorganische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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8
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de Bruin-Dickason CN, Boutland AJ, Dange D, Deacon GB, Jones C. Redox transmetallation approaches to the synthesis of extremely bulky amido-lanthanoid(ii) and -calcium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9512-9520. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02138d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Redox transmetallation protolysis and direct redox transmetallation reactions have been employed to access a variety of extremely bulky amido-lanthanoid(ii), and related calcium(ii) complexes which cannot be prepared using classical salt metathesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deepak Dange
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | | | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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10
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Carlton L, Nyoni MS, Fernandes MA. Triazenide complexes of iridium. Evidence for [Ir(η1-N3Ph2)(HN3Ph2)(1,5-cod)], structures of [Ir2(μ-OMe)2(1,5-cod)2], [Ir2(μ-N3Ph2)2(1,5-cod)2], [Ir(η2-N3Ph2)(H)(SiPh3)(1,5-cod)], [Ir(η2-N3Ph2)(H)(SnPh3)(1,5-cod)] and [Ir(η2-N3Ph2)(SC6F5)2(1,5-cod)]. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Paraginski GL, Hörner M, Back DF, Wohlmuth Alves dos Santos AJR, Beck J. 1-(2-biphenyl)-3-methyltriazenide-N-oxide as a template for intramolecular copper(II)⋯arene-π interactions. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Moxey GJ, Blake AJ, Lewis W, Kays DL. Alkaline Earth Complexes of a Sterically Demanding Guanidinate Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Hinz A, Schulz A, Villinger A, Wolter JM. Cyclo-Pnicta-triazanes: Biradicaloids or Zwitterions? J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3975-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hinz
- Institut
für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut
für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut
für Katalyse e.V., Universität Rostock, Abteilung Materialdesign, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut
für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan-Martin Wolter
- Institut
für Chemie, Abteilung Anorganische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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14
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Kalden D, Krieck S, Görls H, Westerhausen M. 1,3-Bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)triazenides of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and strontium. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8089-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00595g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)triazenide anions act as bidentate ligands toward s-block metals; in the calcium derivative π-stacking of the aromatic rings leads to additional stabilization of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Kalden
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
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15
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Tolpygin AO, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Reversible Switching of Coordination Mode of ansa bis(Amidinate) Ligand in Ytterbium Complexes Driven by Oxidation State of the Metal Atom. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1537-43. [PMID: 24446704 DOI: 10.1021/ic402530w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei O. Tolpygin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute
of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina
49, GSP-445, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute
of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina
49, GSP-445, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgii K. Fukin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute
of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina
49, GSP-445, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute
of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina
49, GSP-445, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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16
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Feng Z, Zhu X, Wang S, Wang S, Zhou S, Wei Y, Zhang G, Deng B, Mu X. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Lanthanide Complexes Incorporating Indolyl Ligands in Novel Hapticities. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9549-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401515q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Feng
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiancui Zhu
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shaoyin Wang
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Yun Wei
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Guangchao Zhang
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Baojia Deng
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiaolong Mu
- Laboratory
of Functionalized
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
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17
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Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Garcia J, Allen MJ. Developments in the Coordination Chemistry of Europium(II). Eur J Inorg Chem 2012; 2012:4550-4563. [PMID: 23049283 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the coordination chemistry of Eu(2+) are reviewed. Common synthetic routes for generating discrete Eu(2+)-containing complexes reported since 2000 are summarized, followed by a description of the reactivity of these complexes and their applications in reduction chemistry, polymerization, luminescence, and as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Rapid development of the coordination chemistry of Eu(2+) has led to an upsurge in the utilization of Eu(2+)-containing complexes in synthetic chemistry, materials science, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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20
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Litlabø R, Lee HS, Niemeyer M, Törnroos KW, Anwander R. Rare-earth metal bis(tetramethylaluminate) complexes supported by a sterically crowded triazenido ligand. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:6815-25. [DOI: 10.1039/b925837j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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