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Grudinsky P, Pankratov D, Kovalev D, Grigoreva D, Dyubanov V. Comprehensive Study on the Mechanism of Sulfating Roasting of Zinc Plant Residue with Iron Sulfates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5020. [PMID: 34501110 PMCID: PMC8456350 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc plant residue (ZPR) is a secondary material generated during hydrometallurgical zinc production that contains considerable contents of valuable elements such as Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, Ag, In, Ga, Tl. Zinc, copper and accompanying elements in ZPR are in different minerals, mainly in the ferrites. A promising approach for recycling ZPR is the sulfating roasting using iron sulfates followed by water leaching. In this study, the composition of ZPR and the obtained products were thoroughly investigated by various methods including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), chemical phase analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of temperature, amount of iron sulfates and roasting time on the conversion of valuable metals into a water-soluble form was thermodynamically and experimentally studied both using pure ferrites and ZPR. Based on the results of time-resolved XRD analysis and synchronous thermal analysis (STA), a mechanism of the sulfation roasting was elucidated. The rate-controlling step of zinc and copper sulfation process during the ZPR roasting was estimated. The sulfating roasting at 600 °C during 180 min with the optimal Fe2(SO4)3∙9H2O addition followed by water leaching enables to recover 99% Zn and 80.3% Cu, while Fe, Pb, Ag, In, Ga retained almost fully in the residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Grudinsky
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Iron Ore Processing, A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, 49 Leninsky Prosp., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Denis Pankratov
- Department of Radiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitry Kovalev
- Department of X-ray Investigation, Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science (ISMAN), 8 Academician Osipyan Street, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Darya Grigoreva
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Iron Ore Processing, A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, 49 Leninsky Prosp., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Valery Dyubanov
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Iron Ore Processing, A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Science, 49 Leninsky Prosp., 119334 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.); (V.D.)
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Reichelt L, Hippmann S, Brichkin VN, Bertau M. Oxidation of Sulphur Dioxide using Micro‐ and Nanoparticles of various Iron Oxides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Reichelt
- Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
- PFARR Stanztechnik GmbH Am kleinen Sand 1 36419 Buttlar Germany
| | - Sebastian Hippmann
- Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | | | - Martin Bertau
- Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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Modelling and Multi-Objective Optimization of the Sulphur Dioxide Oxidation Process. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9061072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is one of the most produced chemicals in the world. The critical step of the sulphuric acid production is the oxidation of sulphur dioxide (SO2) to sulphur trioxide (SO3) which takes place in a multi catalytic bed reactor. In this study, a representative kinetic rate equation was rigorously selected to develop a mathematical model to perform the multi-objective optimization (MOO) of the reactor. The objectives of the MOO were the SO2 conversion, SO3 productivity, and catalyst weight, whereas the decisions variables were the inlet temperature and the length of each catalytic bed. MOO studies were performed for various design scenarios involving a variable number of catalytic beds and different reactor configurations. The MOO process was mainly comprised of two steps: (1) the determination of Pareto domain via the determination a large number of non-dominated solutions, and (2) the ranking of the Pareto-optimal solutions based on preferences of a decision maker. Results show that a reactor comprised of four catalytic beds with an intermediate absorption column provides higher SO2 conversion, marginally superior to four catalytic beds without an intermediate SO3 absorption column. Both scenarios are close to the ideal optimum, where the reactor temperature would be adjusted to always be at the maximum reaction rate. Results clearly highlight the compromise existing between conversion, productivity and catalyst weight.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of metal oxides and smelting dust on the formation of sulfur trioxide during copper, lead, zinc smelting process and flue. Focusing on the effects of SO2 concentration, O2 concentration, and temperature on SO2 oxidation conversion rate under homogeneous test conditions, and under various metal oxide oxidation conditions, further in dust (mainly electric dust removal ash in copper, lead, zinc smelting process), which were studied by single factor experiment test. The results showed that the effect of heterogeneous catalytic oxidation on SO2 conversion rate is much greater than that of pure gas phase oxidation. The addition of five pure metal oxides such as Fe2O3, CuO, Al2O3, ZnO, and CaO obviously promoted the SO2 conversion rate under different conditions. At different temperatures, the ability of metal oxides to promote SO2 conversion is ranked: Fe2O3 > CuO > CaO > ZnO > Al2O3. The catalytic oxidation of copper, lead, and zinc smelting dust to SO2 conversion rate was studied, and the conclusion was drawn that the metal oxides that promoted SO2 conversion rate in copper smelting dust were Fe2O3, Al2O3, ZnO, CaO, and the main substance was Fe2O3; the metal oxides that promoted SO2 conversion in zinc smelting dust were Fe2O3, Al2O3, ZnO, CaO, CuO, and the main substances were Fe2O3 and ZnO; the metal oxides that promoted SO2 conversion rate in lead smelting dust were Fe2O3. Whether metal oxides or copper, zinc, lead smelting dust in the experiment, Fe2O3 displayed the strongest catalytic oxidation capacity.
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Yan Z, Kang Y, Li D, Liu YC. Catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide over α-Fe2O3/SiO2 catalyst promoted with Co and Ce oxides. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Wang J, Gu H. Novel Metal Nanomaterials and Their Catalytic Applications. Molecules 2015; 20:17070-92. [PMID: 26393550 PMCID: PMC6332027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the rapidly developing areas of nanotechnology, nano-scale materials as heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of organic molecules have gotten more and more attention. In this review, we will summarize the synthesis of several new types of noble metal nanostructures (FePt@Cu nanowires, Pt@Fe₂O₃ nanowires and bimetallic Pt@Ir nanocomplexes; Pt-Au heterostructures, Au-Pt bimetallic nanocomplexes and Pt/Pd bimetallic nanodendrites; Au nanowires, CuO@Ag nanowires and a series of Pd nanocatalysts) and their new catalytic applications in our group, to establish heterogeneous catalytic system in "green" environments. Further study shows that these materials have a higher catalytic activity and selectivity than previously reported nanocrystal catalysts in organic reactions, or show a superior electro-catalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol. The whole process might have a great impact to resolve the energy crisis and the environmental crisis that were caused by traditional chemical engineering. Furthermore, we hope that this article will provide a reference point for the noble metal nanomaterials' development that leads to new opportunities in nanocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Hongwei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Reichelt L, Bertau M. Production of ferrihydrite and schwertmannite using a microjet mixer device. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Reichelt L, Bertau M. Transformation of Nanostructured Schwertmannite and 2-Line-Ferrihydrite into Hematite. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201500169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Andersen SLF, Flores RG, Madeira VS, José HJ, Moreira RFPM. Synthesis and Characterization of Acicular Iron Oxide Particles Obtained from Acid Mine Drainage and Their Catalytic Properties in Toluene Oxidation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie201269y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L. F. Andersen
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário − Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Rubia G. Flores
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário − Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Vivian S. Madeira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário − Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Humberto J. José
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário − Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Regina F. P. M. Moreira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário − Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
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Loskyll J, Stoewe K, Maier WF. High-throughput technology for novel SO 2 oxidation catalysts. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2011; 12:054101. [PMID: 27877427 PMCID: PMC5074421 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/12/5/054101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We review the state of the art and explain the need for better SO2 oxidation catalysts for the production of sulfuric acid. A high-throughput technology has been developed for the study of potential catalysts in the oxidation of SO2 to SO3. High-throughput methods are reviewed and the problems encountered with their adaptation to the corrosive conditions of SO2 oxidation are described. We show that while emissivity-corrected infrared thermography (ecIRT) can be used for primary screening, it is prone to errors because of the large variations in the emissivity of the catalyst surface. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry was selected instead as a reliable analysis method of monitoring the SO2 conversion. Installing plain sugar absorbents at reactor outlets proved valuable for the detection and quantitative removal of SO3 from the product gas before the UV-Vis analysis. We also overview some elements used for prescreening and those remaining after the screening of the first catalyst generations.
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Hong H, Hu L, Li M, Zheng J, Sun X, Lu X, Cao X, Lu J, Gu H. Preparation of Pt@Fe2O3 Nanowires and their Catalysis of Selective Oxidation of Olefins and Alcohols. Chemistry 2011; 17:8726-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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