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Budhi YW, Irawan HK, Fitri RA, Al Syifa Elgi Wibisono T, Restiawaty E, Miyamoto M, Uemiya S. Effect of Co-existing gases on hydrogen permeation through a Pd82-Ag18/α-Al 2O 3 membrane during transient start-up. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16979. [PMID: 37484284 PMCID: PMC10361031 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The work aimed to study the influence of co-existing gaseous mixture (H2-N2-CO-CO2) on hydrogen permeation through the counter-current flow of a Pd82-Ag18/α-Al2O3 membrane during transient start-up at 350 °C and atmospheric pressure. The membrane was operated for an 8-h. Its performance was measured in terms of hydrogen flux and recovery. The results were mapped on Sieverts-Fick's line and showed a slight membrane deactivation because of the presence of N2 and CO2 in the feed gas. The membrane deactivation became more profound when CO was a constituent. The effect of the co-existing gases on the hydrogen flux, in increasing order, was CO > CO2>N2. The co-existing gases, if present as a significant fraction, induces dilution, concentration polarization, and inhibition over the membrane surface, decreases the membrane performance in term of hydrogen recovery, time lag during transient start-up, and deactivation. It is recommended that the start-up might be run using equimolar H2-N2 mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogi Wibisono Budhi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Hans Kristian Irawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Raihan Annisa Fitri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tareqh Al Syifa Elgi Wibisono
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Elvi Restiawaty
- Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Bioenergy Engineering and Chemurgy, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Let. Jend. Purn. Dr. (HC) Mashudi No.1, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Manabu Miyamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Uemiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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2
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Study of Static and Dynamic Behavior of a Membrane Reactor for Hydrogen Production. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper investigates the stability and bifurcation phenomena that can occur in membrane reactors for the production of hydrogen by ammonia decomposition. A simplified mixed model of the membrane reactor is studied and two expressions of hydrogen permeation are investigated. The effect of the model design and operating parameters on the existence of steady state multiplicity is discussed. In this regard, it is shown that the adsorption-inhibition effect caused by the competitive adsorption of ammonia can lead to the occurrence of multiple steady states in the model. The steady state multiplicity exists for a wide range of feed ammonia concentration and reactor residence time. The effect of the adsorption constant, the membrane surface area and its permeability on the steady state multiplicity is delineated. The analysis also shows that no Hopf bifurcation can occur in the studied model.
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3
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Alrashed FS, Onaizi SA, Alenazey FS, El-Bok S, Zahid U. Modeling and Simulation of Prereformed Naphtha and Methane Steam Reforming in a Catalytic Membrane Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Firas S. Alrashed
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sagheer A. Onaizi
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feraih S. Alenazey
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safia El-Bok
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Biotechnologies and Climate Change (LR11/ES09), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Umer Zahid
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes & Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Murmura M, Cerbelli S, Annesini M, Sheintuch M. Derivation of an enhanced Sherwood number accounting for reaction rate in membrane reactors. Steam reforming of methane as case study. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Turchetti L, Murmura M, Monteleone G, Annesini M. Wall heat transfer coefficient and effective radial conductivity of ceramic foam catalyst supports. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Qureshi F, Ahmad F, Idrees M, Khan AA, Zaidi S. Simulation of methanol steam reforming process for the production of hydrogen. Chem Ind 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2019.1689186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fazil Qureshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Idrees
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ali Asif Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sadaf Zaidi
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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7
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Modeling Fixed Bed Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production through Steam Reforming Reactions: A Critical Analysis. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:membranes8020034. [PMID: 29921794 PMCID: PMC6026897 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Membrane reactors for hydrogen production have been extensively studied in the past years due to the interest in developing systems that are adequate for the decentralized production of high-purity hydrogen. Research in this field has been both experimental and theoretical. The aim of this work is two-fold. On the one hand, modeling work on membrane reactors that has been carried out in the past is presented and discussed, along with the constitutive equations used to describe the different phenomena characterizing the behavior of the system. On the other hand, an attempt is made to shed some light on the meaning and usefulness of models developed with different degrees of complexity. The motivation has been that, given the different ways and degrees in which transport models can be simplified, the process is not always straightforward and, in some cases, leads to conceptual inconsistencies that are not easily identifiable or identified.
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8
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Wilhite BA. Unconventional microreactor designs for process intensification in the distributed reforming of hydrocarbons: a review of recent developments at Texas A&M University. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Sharma R, Kumar A, Upadhyay RK. Performance comparison of methanol steam reforming integrated to Pd-Ag membrane: Membrane reformer vs. membrane separator. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Kong Q, Cheng Y, Wang L, Li X. Mass transfer enhancement in non-dispersive solvent extraction with helical hollow fiber enabling Dean vortices. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingran Kong
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Youwei Cheng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
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11
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12
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Murmura MA, Cerbelli S, Annesini MC. Modelling and optimization of hydrogen yield in membrane steam reforming reactors. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anna Murmura
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente; Sapienza Università Di Roma; Via Eudossiana 18 ’ 00184 Roma Italy
| | - Stefano Cerbelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente; Sapienza Università Di Roma; Via Eudossiana 18 ’ 00184 Roma Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Annesini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente; Sapienza Università Di Roma; Via Eudossiana 18 ’ 00184 Roma Italy
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13
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Abate S, Díaz U, Prieto A, Gentiluomo S, Palomino M, Perathoner S, Corma A, Centi G. Influence of Zeolite Protective Overlayer on the Performances of Pd Thin Film Membrane on Tubular Asymmetric Alumina Supports. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Abate
- ERIC
aisbl and INSTM/CASPE, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Urbano Díaz
- Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV−CSIC) Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Prieto
- Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV−CSIC) Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Serena Gentiluomo
- ERIC
aisbl and INSTM/CASPE, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Miguel Palomino
- Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV−CSIC) Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Siglinda Perathoner
- ERIC
aisbl and INSTM/CASPE, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Avelino Corma
- Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV−CSIC) Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gabriele Centi
- ERIC
aisbl and INSTM/CASPE, Section Industrial Chemistry, University of Messina, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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14
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Murmura M, Cerbelli S, Turchetti L, Annesini M. Transport-permeation regimes in an annular membrane separator for hydrogen purification. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Shoham Patrascu M, Sheintuch M. Multi-fuel scaled-down autothermal pure H2generator: Design and proof of concept. AIChE J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Moshe Sheintuch
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
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16
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Nekhamkina O, Sheintuch M. Approximate models of concentration-polarization in Pd-membrane separators. Fast numerical analysis. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Boon J, Pieterse J, van Berkel F, van Delft Y, van Sint Annaland M. Hydrogen permeation through palladium membranes and inhibition by carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and steam. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Anderson DM, Nasr MH, Yun TM, Kottke PA, Fedorov AG. Sorption-Enhanced Variable-Volume Batch–Membrane Steam Methane Reforming at Low Temperature: Experimental Demonstration and Kinetic Modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Anderson
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mohamed H. Nasr
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Thomas M. Yun
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Peter A. Kottke
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Andrei G. Fedorov
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia 30332, United States
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19
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Sheintuch M. Can the permeance of a Pd-based membrane be predicted from first principles? Curr Opin Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Experimental and theoretical investigation on hydrogen permeation with flat sheet Pd/Ag membrane for hydrogen mixture with various inlet H2 mole fractions and species. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Yun TM, Kottke PA, Anderson DM, Fedorov AG. Power Density Assessment of Variable Volume Batch Reactors for Hydrogen Production with Dynamically Modulated Liquid Fuel Introduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500990d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Yun
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, United States
| | - Peter A. Kottke
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, United States
| | - David M. Anderson
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, United States
| | - Andrei G. Fedorov
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Parker H. Petit
Institute of Bioengineering
and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, United States
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22
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23
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Modeling H2 transport through a Pd or Pd/Ag membrane, and its inhibition by co-adsorbates, from first principles. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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García-García F, Tsang S, Li K. Hollow fibre based reactors for an enhanced H2 production by methanol steam reforming. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Kuncharam BVR, Wilhite BA. Theoretical investigation of a water-gas-shift catalytic membrane for diesel reformate purification. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin A. Wilhite
- Artie McFerrin Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University; College Station; TX; 77843
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26
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Sarić M, van Delft YC, Sumbharaju R, Meyer DF, de Groot A. Steam reforming of methane in a bench-scale membrane reactor at realistic working conditions. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Kim D, Barnett K, Wilhite BA. Experimental demonstration of enhanced hydrogen permeation in palladium via a composite catalytic-permselective membrane. AIChE J 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daejin Kim
- Artie McFerrin Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843
| | - Kevin Barnett
- Artie McFerrin Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843
| | - Benjamin A. Wilhite
- Artie McFerrin Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843
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28
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Ultra-pure hydrogen production from reformate mixtures using a palladium membrane reactor system. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Wilhite BA. Composite Catalytic-Permselective Membranes: A Strategy for Enhancing Selectivity and Permeation Rates via Reaction and Diffusion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2001428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. Wilhite
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
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30
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Methanol steam reforming in single-fiber packed bed Pd–Ag membrane reactor: Experiments and modeling. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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