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Jakob A, Likozar B, Grilc M. Model-Assisted Optimization of Xylose, Arabinose, Glucose, Mannose, Galactose and Real Hemicellulose Streams Dehydration To (Hydroxymethyl)Furfural and Levulinic Acid. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400962. [PMID: 38959341 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Conversion of hemicellulose streams and the constituent monosaccharides, xylose, arabinose, glucose, mannose, and galactose, was conducted to produce value-added chemicals, including furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid and anhydrosugars. The study aimed at developing a kinetic model relevant for direct post-Organosolv hemicellulose conversion. Monosaccharides served as a tool to in detail describe the kinetic behavior and segregate contribution of hydrothermal decomposition and acid catalyzed dehydration at the temperature range of 120-190 °C. Catalyst free aqueous media demonstrated enhanced formation of furanics, while elevated temperatures led to significant saccharide isomerization. The introduction of sulfuric and formic acids maximized furfural yield and significantly reduced HMF concentration by facilitating its rehydration into levulinic acid (46 mol%). Formic acid additionally substantially enhanced formation of anhydrosaccharides. An excellent correlation between modeled and experimental data enabled process optimization to maximize furanic yield in two distinct hemicellulose streams. Sulfuric acid-containing hemicellulose stream achieved the highest furfural yield after 30 minutes at 238 °C, primarily due to the high Ea for pentose dehydration (150-160 kJ mol-1). Contrarily, formic acid-containing hemicellulose stream enabled maximal furfural yield at more moderate temperature and extended reaction time due to its lower Ea for the same reaction step (115-125 kJ mol-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jakob
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, Nova Gorica, 5000, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Miha Grilc
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, Nova Gorica, 5000, Slovenia
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2
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Evaluation of pectin extractions and their application in the alkaline Maillard reaction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19834. [PMID: 36400863 PMCID: PMC9674671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 23 factorial design was used to evaluate the influence of temperature, catalyst and time and esterification degree (DE) of pectin obtained from mango, orange and tangerine peels as well as tamarind seeds by using the acid hydrolysis method. The study showed that a high temperature positively influenced the percentage of pectin yield for the four second generation biomasses. Nevertheless, the temperature showed a greater influence in the solubility and diffusion of the acid solvent in the tamarind seed matrix, resulting a pectin recovery 32.9%. Concerning the %DE, the most statistically significant value observed was dependent on the type of biomass studied. The %DE and the nature of the pectin are determining factors in the pectin's final use, in the present work the pectin extracted was used to produce furfural, a precursor of high value chemicals. The furfural production was achieved through alkaline hydrolysis and enhanced using the Maillard reaction, reaching a maximum concentration of 71.8 g/L which represents a 42.1% increase from the alkaline hydrolysis.
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3
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Ricciardi L, Verboom W, Lange JP, Huskens J. Kinetic model for the dehydration of xylose to furfural from a boronate diester precursor. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31818-31829. [PMID: 36380937 PMCID: PMC9639369 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06898b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive kinetic model describes the dehydration of xylose starting from the boronate diester-protected xylose (PBA2X). The model incorporates (de)esterification of PBA2X, partitioning, and xylose dehydration, and aims to evaluate the effects of the solvent system on these steps. The model explores the effect of the water contents in monophasic solvent systems, and that of ionic strength and mixing in biphasic aqueous-organic systems. At low water content, hydrolysis of PBA2X is the rate-limiting step, while xylose dehydration is fast. Conversely, in a monophasic three-solvent system, where the water content is higher, complete hydrolysis of the diester is achieved quickly. Under biphasic conditions, xylose dehydration is fast at high ionic strengths, but the slower partitioning/hydrolysis of PBA2X results in an overall slower furfural production. Furthermore, the observed different but high, constant xylose-to-furfural selectivities observed experimentally are tentatively ascribed to a higher order of parallel side-product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ricciardi
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Department for Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Willem Verboom
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Department for Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Lange
- Sustainable Process Technology Group, University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V. Grasweg 31 1031 HW Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, Department for Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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4
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Song W, Liu H, Zhang J, Sun Y, Peng L. Understanding Hβ Zeolite in 1,4-Dioxane Efficiently Converts Hemicellulose-Related Sugars to Furfural. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Song
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Huai Liu
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Xiamen key Laboratory of Clean and High-Valued Utilization for Biomass, College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Lincai Peng
- BiomassChem Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650500, China
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5
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Guo W, Bruining HC, Heeres HJ, Yue J. Efficient synthesis of furfural from xylose over
HCl
catalyst in slug flow microreactors promoted by
NaCl
addition. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Herman Carolus Bruining
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Hero Jan Heeres
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jun Yue
- Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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6
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Pereira Santana MD, Belém Lavrador R, de Alcântara Pessoa Filho P. Solvent screening for liquid-liquid extraction of levulinic acid from aqueous medium. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1993920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Belém Lavrador
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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7
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Catalytic Conversion of Xylose to Furfural by p-Toluenesulfonic Acid ( pTSA) and Chlorides: Process Optimization and Kinetic Modeling. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082208. [PMID: 33921241 PMCID: PMC8070381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Furfural is one of the most promising precursor chemicals with an extended range of downstream derivatives. In this work, conversion of xylose to produce furfural was performed by employing p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) as a catalyst in DMSO medium at moderate temperature and atmospheric pressure. The production process was optimized based on kinetic modeling of xylose conversion to furfural alongwith simultaneous formation of humin from xylose and furfural. The synergetic effects of organic acids and Lewis acids were investigated. Results showed that the catalyst pTSA-CrCl3·6H2O was a promising combined catalyst due to the high furfural yield (53.10%) at a moderate temperature of 120 °C. Observed kinetic modeling illustrated that the condensation of furfural in the DMSO solvent medium actually could be neglected. The established model was found to be satisfactory and could be well applied for process simulation and optimization with adequate accuracy. The estimated values of activation energies for xylose dehydration, condensation of xylose, and furfural to humin were 81.80, 66.50, and 93.02 kJ/mol, respectively.
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Krzelj V, Ferreira Liberal J, Papaioannou M, van der Schaaf J, Neira d’Angelo MF. Kinetic Model of Xylose Dehydration for a Wide Range of Sulfuric Acid Concentrations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladan Krzelj
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Julia Ferreira Liberal
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Myrto Papaioannou
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - John van der Schaaf
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
| | - Maria Fernanda Neira d’Angelo
- Chemical Reactor Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB 5600, Netherlands
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9
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Liu Q, Fan H, Qi J, Zhang S, Li G. Catalytic hydrolysis of corncob cellulosic polysaccharide into saccharides using SnO2-Co3O4/C biochar catalyst. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-020-00805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Li Z, Luo Y, Jiang Z, Fang Q, Hu C. The Promotion Effect of NaCl on the Conversion of Xylose to Furfural
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 China
| | - Yiping Luo
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan 610059 China
| | - Zhicheng Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610065 China
| | - Qianying Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 China
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11
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Alvear M, Aho A, Simakova IL, Grénman H, Salmi T, Murzin DY. Aqueous phase reforming of xylitol and xylose in the presence of formic acid. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00811g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous phase reforming (APR) of xylose and xylitol was studied over Pt/Pd catalysts in the presence of formic acid simulating an industrial feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Alvear
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku/Åbo
- Finland
| | - Atte Aho
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku/Åbo
- Finland
| | | | - Henrik Grénman
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku/Åbo
- Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku/Åbo
- Finland
| | - Dmitry Yu. Murzin
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku/Åbo
- Finland
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12
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Zhao Y, Xu H, Lu K, Qu Y, Zhu L, Wang S. Experimental and Kinetic Study of Arabinose Conversion to Furfural in Renewable Butanone–Water Solvent Mixture Catalyzed by Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kaifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lingjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, Hangzhou 310027, China
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13
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Gómez Millán G, Hellsten S, King AW, Pokki JP, Llorca J, Sixta H. A comparative study of water-immiscible organic solvents in the production of furfural from xylose and birch hydrolysate. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Gómez Millán G, Hellsten S, Llorca J, Luque R, Sixta H, Balu AM. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Production of Platform Chemicals from Holocellulosic Biomass. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Gómez Millán
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical EngineeringAalto University Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Energy Technologies and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya Eduard Maristany 10–14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Sanna Hellsten
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical EngineeringAalto University Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Jordi Llorca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Energy Technologies and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya Eduard Maristany 10–14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad de Cordoba Campus Rabanales Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV−A, km 396 Cordoba Spain
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str. 117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical EngineeringAalto University Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Alina M. Balu
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad de Cordoba Campus Rabanales Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV−A, km 396 Cordoba Spain
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15
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Zhou H, Tan L, Fu Y, Zhang H, Liu N, Qin M, Wang Z. Rapid Nondestructive Fractionation of Biomass (≤15 min) by using Flow-Through Recyclable Formic Acid toward Whole Valorization of Carbohydrate and Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1213-1221. [PMID: 30673166 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Whole valorization of carbohydrate and lignin from biomass was achieved by rapid flow-through fractionation (RFF) within 15 min. Wheat straw was effectively deconstructed into its principle components without degradation by using easily recyclable aqueous formic acid (72 wt %) at 130 °C. The obtained cellulose-rich solid showed a nearly complete glucan recovery and 73.8 % glucose conversion after enzymatic hydrolysis. Xylan also reached full recovery with negligible furfural formation with a sum of 80 % of oligo/mono xylose in spent liquor and 20 % of xylan remaining in the solid. Up to 75.4 % lignin was dissolved in the spent liquor and further fractionated into water-insoluble (WIL) and water-soluble lignin (WSL) by dilution with water. WIL showed a non-condensed and well-preserved structure with 84.5 % β-O-4 remaining, which is believed to be beneficial for catalytic conversion into low-molecular-weight chemicals and fuels. The concentration of employed formic acid was below the formic acid/water azeotrope, and therefore the reaction medium could be restored through simple distillation. Together with the joint valorization of lignin and carbohydrates, the presented RFF is a promising process for sustainable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Liping Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Yingjuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
| | - Menghua Qin
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Taishan University, 525 Dongyue Street, Taian, 271021, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Rd, Jinan, 250353, P.R. China
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16
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A Review of Recent Research on Bio-Based Epoxy Systems for Engineering Applications and Potentialities in the Aviation Sector. AEROSPACE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/aerospace5040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy resins are one of the most widely used thermosets in different engineering fields, due to their chemical resistance and thermo-mechanical properties. Recently, bio-based thermoset resin systems have attracted significant attention given their environmental benefits related to the wide variety of available natural resources, as well as the resulting reduction in the use of petroleum feedstocks. During the last two decades, considerable improvement on the properties of bio-sourced resins has been achieved to obtain performances comparable to petroleum-based systems. This paper reviews recent advances on new bio-based epoxy resins, derived from natural oils, natural polyphenols, saccharides, natural rubber and rosin. Particular focus has been given to novel chemical formulations and resulting mechanical properties of natural derived- epoxies, curing agents or entire systems, constituting an interesting alternative for a large variety of engineering applications, including the aviation sector. The present work is within the scope of the ECO-COMPASS project, where new bio-sourced epoxy matrixes for green composites are under investigation.
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Köchermann J, Mühlenberg J, Klemm M. Kinetics of Hydrothermal Furfural Production from Organosolv Hemicellulose and d-Xylose. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Köchermann
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH (German Biomass Research Center), Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Mühlenberg
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH (German Biomass Research Center), Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Klemm
- DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH (German Biomass Research Center), Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany
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18
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Sener C, Motagamwala AH, Alonso DM, Dumesic JA. Enhanced Furfural Yields from Xylose Dehydration in the γ-Valerolactone/Water Solvent System at Elevated Temperatures. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:2321-2331. [PMID: 29776010 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
High yields of furfural (>90 %) were achieved from xylose dehydration in a sustainable solvent system composed of γ-valerolactone (GVL), a biomass derived solvent, and water. It is identified that high reaction temperatures (e.g., 498 K) are required to achieve high furfural yield. Additionally, it is shown that the furfural yield at these temperatures is independent of the initial xylose concentration, and high furfural yield is obtained for industrially relevant xylose concentrations (10 wt %). A reaction kinetics model is developed to describe the experimental data obtained with solvent system composed of 80 wt % GVL and 20 wt % water across the range of reaction conditions studied (473-523 K, 1-10 mm acid catalyst, 66-660 mm xylose concentration). The kinetic model demonstrates that furfural loss owing to bimolecular condensation of xylose and furfural is minimized at elevated temperature, whereas carbon loss owing to xylose degradation increases with increasing temperature. Accordingly, the optimal temperature range for xylose dehydration to furfural in the GVL/H2 O solvent system is identified to be from 480 to 500 K. Under these reaction conditions, furfural yield of 93 % is achieved at 97 % xylan conversion from lignocellulosic biomass (maple wood).
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Sener
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Ali Hussain Motagamwala
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - David Martin Alonso
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - James A Dumesic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
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19
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20
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Delbecq F, Wang Y, Muralidhara A, El Ouardi K, Marlair G, Len C. Hydrolysis of Hemicellulose and Derivatives-A Review of Recent Advances in the Production of Furfural. Front Chem 2018; 6:146. [PMID: 29868554 PMCID: PMC5964623 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biobased production of furfural has been known for decades. Nevertheless, bioeconomy and circular economy concepts is much more recent and has motivated a regain of interest of dedicated research to improve production modes and expand potential uses. Accordingly, this review paper aims essentially at outlining recent breakthroughs obtained in the field of furfural production from sugars and polysaccharides feedstocks. The review discusses advances obtained in major production pathways recently explored splitting in the following categories: (i) non-catalytic routes like use of critical solvents or hot water pretreatment, (ii) use of various homogeneous catalysts like mineral or organic acids, metal salts or ionic liquids, (iii) feedstock dehydration making use of various solid acid catalysts; (iv) feedstock dehydration making use of supported catalysts, (v) other heterogeneous catalytic routes. The paper also briefly overviews current understanding of furfural chemical synthesis and its underpinning mechanism as well as safety issues pertaining to the substance. Eventually, some remaining research topics are put in perspective for further optimization of biobased furfural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Delbecq
- Ecole Superieure de Chimie Organique et Minerale, Compiègne, France
| | - Yantao Wang
- Sorbonne Universités, Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, Compiègne, France
| | - Anitha Muralidhara
- Sorbonne Universités, Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, Compiègne, France.,Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.,Avantium Chemicals, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karim El Ouardi
- Materials Science and Nano-Engineering Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Guy Marlair
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Christophe Len
- Sorbonne Universités, Universite de Technologie de Compiegne, Compiègne, France.,Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, PSL University, Chimie ParisTech, Paris, France
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21
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Ajao O, Rahni M, Marinova M, Chadjaa H, Savadogo O. Study of Separation and Fouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes during Model Hydrolysate Solution Filtration. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:membranes7040068. [PMID: 29244761 PMCID: PMC5746827 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prehydrolysate, a dilute solution consisting mainly of pentoses, hexoses, and lesser quantities of organic acids, furfural and phenolics, is generated in the Kraft dissolving pulp process. An obstacle facing the valorization of the solution in hemicellulose biorefineries, by conversion of the sugars into bioproducts such as furfural, is the low sugar concentration. Membrane filtration is typically proposed in several hemicellulose based biorefineries for concentrating the solution, although they are usually generated using different wood species, pretreatment methods, and operating conditions. However, the chemical composition of the solutions is generally not considered. Also, the combined effect of composition and operating conditions is rarely investigated for biorefinery applications. The purpose of this work was to determine the impact of the prehydrolysate composition and operating parameters on the component separation and permeate flux during membrane filtration. Using model prehydrolysate solutions, two commercial reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were screened, and one was selected for use, based on its higher sugar and acetic acid retention. A Taguchi L18 experimental design array was then applied to determine the dominant parameters and limiting factors. Results showed that the feed pressure and temperature have the highest impact on permeate flux, but the least effect on sugar retention. Further experiments to quantify flux decline, due to fouling and osmotic pressure, showed that furfural has the highest membrane fouling tendency, and can limit the lifetime of the membrane. Regeneration of the membrane by cleaning with a sodium hydroxide solution is also effective for reversing fouling. It has been demonstrated that RO can efficiently and sustainably concentrate wood prehydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumoye Ajao
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Rahni
- Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales, Shawinigan, 2263, Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, QC G9N 6V, Canada.
| | - Mariya Marinova
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Hassan Chadjaa
- Centre National en Électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales, Shawinigan, 2263, Avenue du Collège, Shawinigan, QC G9N 6V, Canada.
| | - Oumarou Savadogo
- Research Unit on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Development of the Forest Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
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22
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Ershova O, Nieminen K, Sixta H. The Role of Various Chlorides on Xylose Conversion to Furfural: Experiments and Kinetic Modeling. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ershova
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems; Aalto University; Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Kaarlo Nieminen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems; Aalto University; Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems; Aalto University; Vuorimiehentie 1 02150 Espoo Finland
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23
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Goldmann WM, Ahola J, Mikola M, Tanskanen J. Formic acid aided hot water extraction of hemicellulose from European silver birch (Betula pendula) sawdust. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 232:176-182. [PMID: 28231535 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulose has been extracted from birch (Betula pendula) sawdust by formic acid aided hot water extraction. The maximum amount of hemicellulose extracted was about 70mol% of the total hemicellulose content at 170°C, measured as the combined yield of xylose and furfural. Lower temperatures (130 and 140°C) favored hemicellulose hydrolysis rather than cellulose hydrolysis, even though the total hemicellulose yield was less than at 170°C. It was found that formic acid greatly increased the hydrolysis of hemicellulose to xylose and furfural at the experimental temperatures. The amount of lignin in the extract remained below the detection limit of the analysis (3g/L) in all cases. Formic acid aided hot water extraction is a promising technique for extracting hemicellulose from woody biomass, while leaving a solid residue with low hemicellulose content, which can be delignified to culminate in the three main isolated lignocellulosic fractions: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Marcelo Goldmann
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu 90014, Finland.
| | - Juha Ahola
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu 90014, Finland
| | - Marja Mikola
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu 90014, Finland
| | - Juha Tanskanen
- Chemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu 90014, Finland
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24
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Delbecq F, Wang Y, Len C. Conversion of xylose, xylan and rice husk into furfural via betaine and formic acid mixture as novel homogeneous catalyst in biphasic system by microwave-assisted dehydration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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You SJ, Park ED, Park MJ. Dehydration of d-xylose over SiO2-Al2O3 catalyst: Perspective on the pathways for condensed products. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Bhaumik P, Dhepe PL. Solid acid catalyzed synthesis of furans from carbohydrates. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2015.1099894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Eifert T, Liauw MA. Process analytical technology (PAT) applied to biomass valorisation: a kinetic study on the multiphase dehydration of xylose to furfural. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00082g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The salient feature of our strategy involves the determination of rates and activation energies for biomass conversions under process conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Eifert
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - M. A. Liauw
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
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28
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Guenic SL, Delbecq F, Ceballos C, Len C. Microwave-assisted dehydration of D-xylose into furfural by diluted inexpensive inorganic salts solution in a biphasic system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Bhaumik P, Dhepe PL. Effects of careful designing of SAPO-44 catalysts on the efficient synthesis of furfural. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Liu QY, Yang F, Liu ZH, Li G. Preparation of SnO2–Co3O4/C biochar catalyst as a Lewis acid for corncob hydrolysis into furfural in water medium. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Dussan K, Girisuta B, Lopes M, Leahy JJ, Hayes MHB. Conversion of hemicellulose sugars catalyzed by formic acid: kinetics of the dehydration of D-xylose, L-arabinose, and D-glucose. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:1411-1428. [PMID: 25821128 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass produces a liquid stream of hemicellulose-based sugars, which can be further converted to high-value chemicals. Formosolv pulping and the Milox process use formic acid as the fractionating agent, which can be used as the catalyst for the valorisation of hemicellulose sugars to platform chemicals. The objective of this study was to investigate the reaction kinetics of major components in the hemicelluloses fraction of biomass, that is, D-xylose, L-arabinose and D-glucose. The kinetics experiments for each sugar were performed at temperatures between 130 and 170 °C in various formic acid concentrations (10-64 wt %). The implications of these kinetic models on the selectivity of each sugar to the desired products are discussed. The models were used to predict the reaction kinetics of solutions that resemble the liquid stream obtained from the fractionation process of biomass using formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dussan
- Chemical and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick (Ireland)
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32
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33
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Lamminpää K, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Acid-catalysed xylose dehydration into furfural in the presence of kraft lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 177:94-101. [PMID: 25479399 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of kraft lignin (Indulin AT) on acid-catalysed xylose dehydration into furfural were studied in formic and sulphuric acids. The study was done using D-optimal design. Three variables in both acids were included in the design: time (20-80 min), temperature (160-180°C) and initial lignin concentration (0-20 g/l). The dependent variables were xylose conversion, furfural yield, furfural selectivity and pH change. The results showed that the xylose conversion and furfural yield decreased in sulphuric acid, while in formic acid the changes were minor. Additionally, it was showed that lignin has an acid-neutralising capacity, and the added lignin increased the pH of reactant solutions in both acids. The pH rise was considerably lower in formic acid than in sulphuric acid. However, the higher pH did not explain all the changes in conversion and yield, and thus lignin evidently inhibits the formation of furfural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Lamminpää
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300 University of Oulu, FIN-90014, Finland.
| | - Juha Ahola
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300 University of Oulu, FIN-90014, Finland
| | - Juha Tanskanen
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300 University of Oulu, FIN-90014, Finland
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34
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Ershova O, Kanervo J, Hellsten S, Sixta H. The role of xylulose as an intermediate in xylose conversion to furfural: insights via experiments and kinetic modelling. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An experimental work has been performed to study the relevance of xylulose as an intermediate during non-catalyzed and acid-catalyzed xylose conversions to furfural in aqueous solution at the temperature range from 180 to 220 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Ershova
- Department of Forest Products Technology
- Aalto University
- Finland
| | - J. Kanervo
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology
- Aalto University
- Finland
| | - S. Hellsten
- Department of Forest Products Technology
- Aalto University
- Finland
| | - H. Sixta
- Department of Forest Products Technology
- Aalto University
- Finland
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35
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You SJ, Park N, Park ED, Park MJ. Partial least squares modeling and analysis of furfural production from biomass-derived xylose over solid acid catalysts. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Comparison of Solid Acid-Catalyzed and Autocatalyzed C5 and C6 Sugar Dehydration Reactions with Water as a Solvent. Catal Letters 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-014-1350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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37
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Zhang L, Yu H, Wang P, Li Y. Production of furfural from xylose, xylan and corncob in gamma-valerolactone using FeCl3·6H2O as catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 151:355-360. [PMID: 24262845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and simple one-pot monophasic reaction system with small carbon footprint for converting xylose, xylan and corncob into furfural was developed in gamma-valerolactone (GVL, an ideal sustainable solvent derived from lignocelluloses) by using FeCl3·6H2O as catalyst. Good yields of furfural from xylose were obtained, and the system was shown to work for xylan and corncob as well. A surprisingly high furfural yield of 79.6% from untreated corncob was achieved at 458 K for 100 min. Contrary to what was generally believed, the addition of water, reduced the rate of the reactions, but showed positive effect on preventing the furfural from degradation in GVL. Besides, the C6 sugars (glucose and cellulose) afforded 11.4-24.5% furfural yields when employing this catalytic approach. The reaction system proposed in this manuscript showed great potential for optimizing the catalytic process in furfural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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38
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Schwiderski M, Kruse A, Grandl R, Dockendorf D. Kinetics of the AlCl3 catalyzed xylan hydrolysis during Methanosolv pulping of beech wood. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05554c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of the AlCl3 catalyzed xylan degradation during Methanosolv pulping of beech wood is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwiderski
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrea Kruse
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- University of Hohenheim
- 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Robert Grandl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dennis Dockendorf
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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39
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Lamminpää K, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Kinetics of furfural destruction in a formic acid medium. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetics of furfural degradation in a formic acid catalyst was studied, and it was found out that the overall order of the reaction changes with the amount of acid catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Lamminpää
- Chemical Process Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- University of Oulu
- FIN-90014 University of Oulu
- , Finland
| | - J. Ahola
- Chemical Process Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- University of Oulu
- FIN-90014 University of Oulu
- , Finland
| | - J. Tanskanen
- Chemical Process Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- University of Oulu
- FIN-90014 University of Oulu
- , Finland
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40
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Yang W, Li P, Bo D, Chang H, Wang X, Zhu T. Optimization of furfural production from D-xylose with formic acid as catalyst in a reactive extraction system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 133:361-369. [PMID: 23434814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Furfural is one of the most promising platform chemicals derived from biomass. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to determine four important parameters including reaction temperature (170-210°C), formic acid concentration (5-25 g/L), o-nitrotoluene volume percentage (20-80 vt.%), and residence time (40-200 min). The maximum furfural yield of 74% and selectivity of 86% were achieved at 190°C for 20 g/L formic acid concentration and 75 vt.% o-nitrotoluene by 75 min. The high boiling solvent, o-nitrotoluene, was recommended as extraction solvent in a reactive extraction system to obtain high furfural yield and reduce furfural-solvent separation costs. Although the addition of halides to the xylose solutions enhanced the furfural yield and selectivity, the concentration of halides was not an important factor on the furfural yield and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandian Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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41
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Möller M, Schröder U. Hydrothermal production of furfural from xylose and xylan as model compounds for hemicelluloses. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43108h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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