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Boudalia M, Fernández-Domene RM, Guo L, Echihi S, Belghiti ME, Zarrouk A, Bellaouchou A, Guenbour A, García-Antón J. Experimental and Theoretical Tests on the Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Environment by the Use of Pyrazole Derivative. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:678. [PMID: 36676414 PMCID: PMC9862199 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 1,5-diallyl-1H-pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidin-4 (5H)-one (PPD) was evaluated as an anticorrosion agent for mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl. The analysis was performed by weight loss (WL), potentiodynamic polarization measurement, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Tafel polarization showed that PPD is a mixed-type inhibitor and reaches 94% of the protective efficiency at 10-3 M. EIS results indicated that the resistance to charge transfer increases with increasing inhibitor concentration and the corrosion of MS is controlled by a charge transfer process. The inhibitor adsorption on the MS surface obeyed the Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated to elaborate the corrosion inhibition mechanism. The micrographic analysis revealed the existence of a barrier layer on the electrode surface with the presence of PPD. Theoretical examinations performed by electronic/atomic computer simulations confirmed that the obtained results were found to be consistent with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Boudalia
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Rabat 10090, Morocco
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - R. M. Fernández-Domene
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universitat de València, Av. de les Universitats, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - L. Guo
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - S. Echihi
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Rabat 10090, Morocco
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering for the Environment and Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail of Meknes, BP 509 Boutalamine, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - M. E. Belghiti
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences Ben M’Sick, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Nernest Technology, 163 Willington Street, Sherbrooke, QC J1H5C7, Canada
| | - A. Zarrouk
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - A. Bellaouchou
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - A. Guenbour
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - J. García-Antón
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Corrosion inhibition performance of 2-ethyl phenyl-2, 5-dithiohydrazodicarbonamide on Fe (110)/Cu (111) in acidic/alkaline solutions: Synthesis, experimental, theoretical, and molecular dynamic studies. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Zhou L, Cheng W, Wang D, Li Z, Zhou H, Guo W. The Synergistic Effect of 2-Chloromethylbenzimidazole and Potassium Iodide on the Corrosion behavior of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2021. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2021.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Karki N, Neupane S, Gupta DK, Das AK, Singh S, Koju GM, Chaudhary Y, Yadav AP. Berberine isolated from Mahonia nepalensis as an eco-friendly and thermally stable corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid medium. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Kathiravan S, Jyothi S, Ayyannan G, Ravichandran J, Raja G. Inhibitory action of aqueous Ruellia Tuberosa L leaves extract on the corrosion of copper in HCl solution. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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N-heterocycle compounds as aqueous phase corrosion inhibitors: A robust, effective and economic substitute. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Mitigation effect of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives on the corrosion behaviour of mild steel in HCl. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Investigation of novel titanate nanotubes modified with Ce, Fe, Zn and Zr for efficient dye degradation performance, inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth and anticorrosion activity in acid medium. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-02068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Hanane Boubekraoui, Forsal I, Eddahmi M, Bouissane L. Anticorrosion Properties of Indazole Derivative for Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375521040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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DFT/electronic scale, MD simulation and evaluation of 6-methyl-2-(p-tolyl)-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline as a potential corrosion inhibition. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Goni LKMO, Jafar Mazumder MA, Quraishi MA, Mizanur Rahman M. Bioinspired Heterocyclic Compounds as Corrosion Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1324-1364. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lipiar K. M. O. Goni
- Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - M. A. Quraishi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mizanur Rahman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Anwer KE, Farag AA, Mohamed EA, Azmy EM, Sayed GH. Corrosion inhibition performance and computational studies of pyridine and pyran derivatives for API X-65 steel in 6 M H2SO4. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fouda AEAS, Abd El-Maksoud SA, El-Sayed EH, Elbaz HA, Abousalem AS. Experimental and surface morphological studies of corrosion inhibition on carbon steel in HCl solution using some new hydrazide derivatives. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13497-13512. [PMID: 35423857 PMCID: PMC8697736 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The corrosion inhibition of C-steel in 1 M HCl was assessed using three newly synthesized hydrazide derivatives (H1, H2 and H3) using weight loss (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Also, the adsorption of these compounds was confirmed using several techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). High inhibition efficiencies were obtained resulting from the constitution of the protective layer on the C-steel surface, which increased with increasing concentration and temperature and reached 91.7 to 96.5% as obtained from the chemical method at 20 × 10-6 M at 45 °C. The polarization curves refer to these derivatives belonging to mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption of (H1, H2 and H3)on the CS surface follows the Temkin adsorption isotherm. Inhibition influence of hydrazide derivatives at the molecular level was greatly proven using quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulation methods. Furthermore, the molecular simulation results evidenced the adsorption of these derivatives on the carbon steel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Aziz S Fouda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Egypt +2 050 2202264 +2 050 2365730
| | | | | | - Hazem A Elbaz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University Egypt
- Egyptian Natural Gas Company (GASCO) Egypt
| | - Ashraf S Abousalem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Egypt +2 050 2202264 +2 050 2365730
- Quality Control Laboratory, Operations Department, JOTUN Egypt
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Abd El-Lateef HM, Sayed AR, Shalabi K. Synthesis and theoretical studies of novel conjugated polyazomethines and their application as efficient inhibitors for C1018 steel pickling corrosion behavior. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2021; 23:101037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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16
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Akhmadiev NS, Akhmetova VR, Ibragimov AG. 2-Amino-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-sulfanylpyridines: synthesis and multiple biological activity - a review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11549-11567. [PMID: 35423618 PMCID: PMC8696045 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This review integrates the published data of the last decade (from 2010 to 2020) on the synthesis of the 2-amino-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-sulfanylpyridine scaffold, the derivatives of which are widely used in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. Currently, no systematic accounts of synthetic routes towards this class of heterocyclic compounds can be found in the literature. The present-day trends in the catalytic synthesis of 2-amino-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-sulfanylpyridines are considered using pseudo-four-component reaction (pseudo-4CR) by condensation of malononitrile molecules with thiols and aldehydes, and alternative three-component (3CR) condensations of malononitrile with 2-arylidenemalononitrile and S-nucleophiles. The latest advances in the catalytic synthesis of biologically active compounds with 2-amino-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-sulfanylpyridine scaffold via the multicomponent reactions of malononitrile have been discussed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail S Akhmadiev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Science 141 Prospekt Octyabrya 450075 Ufa Russian Federation +7 3472 842750 +7 3472 842750
| | - Vnira R Akhmetova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Science 141 Prospekt Octyabrya 450075 Ufa Russian Federation +7 3472 842750 +7 3472 842750
| | - Askhat G Ibragimov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Science 141 Prospekt Octyabrya 450075 Ufa Russian Federation +7 3472 842750 +7 3472 842750
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18
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Papaya leaves extract as a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for Cu in H2SO4 medium. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 582:918-931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Verma C, Rhee KY, Quraishi M, Ebenso EE. Pyridine based N-heterocyclic compounds as aqueous phase corrosion inhibitors: A review. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Ameur N, Brahimi FT, Bensaada N, Gouhas H, Ferouani G. Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants and Anticorrosion of Mild Steel by Vanadium Modified Titanate Nanotubes (X%V‐TiNTs). ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Ameur
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Synthesis in Organic Chemistry (LCSCO) University of Tlemcen BP 119 Imama 13000 Tlemcen Algeria
- Higher School of Electrical and Energetic Engineering of Oran (ESGEE) BP 64 CH2 Achaba Hanifi USTO 31000 Oran Algeria
| | - Fawzia Taieb Brahimi
- Higher School of Electrical and Energetic Engineering of Oran (ESGEE) BP 64 CH2 Achaba Hanifi USTO 31000 Oran Algeria
- Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Materials (LGEM) Oran Algeria
| | - Naima Bensaada
- Higher School of Electrical and Energetic Engineering of Oran (ESGEE) BP 64 CH2 Achaba Hanifi USTO 31000 Oran Algeria
- Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Materials (LGEM) Oran Algeria
| | - Halima Gouhas
- Higher School of Electrical and Energetic Engineering of Oran (ESGEE) BP 64 CH2 Achaba Hanifi USTO 31000 Oran Algeria
- Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Materials (LGEM) Oran Algeria
| | - Ghaniya Ferouani
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Synthesis in Organic Chemistry (LCSCO) University of Tlemcen BP 119 Imama 13000 Tlemcen Algeria
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Yusuf TL, Quadri TW, Tolufashe GF, Olasunkanmi LO, Ebenso EE, van Zyl WE. Synthesis and structures of divalent Co, Ni, Zn and Cd complexes of mixed dichalcogen and dipnictogen ligands with corrosion inhibition properties: experimental and computational studies. RSC Adv 2020; 10:41967-41982. [PMID: 35516734 PMCID: PMC9057858 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07770d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and corrosion inhibition properties of four different transition-metal complexes of heteroleptic S-donor atom dithiophosphonate and N-donor atom phenanthroline ligands are reported. Full structural characterization of the Co, Ni, Zn and Cd complexes was achieved with the aid of single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Structural elucidation revealed the formation of a 4-coordinate Zn(ii) complex, and 6-coordinate Ni(ii) and Cd(ii), as well as a novel dithiophosphonato Co(ii) complex. The ability of the complexes with this ligand type to act as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution is reported for the first time. Corrosion inhibition potentials of the complexes were assessed using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and density functional theory (DFT). The open circuit potential (OCP) time profile showed the system achieved a steady-state potential before the first 600 s after submerging the working electrode in the corrosive medium. The studied metal complexes are good inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl and were found to retard the corrosion rate by forming an adsorbed pseudocapacitive film on the steel surface. The order of inhibition efficiencies was in the order Ni (94.14%) > Cd (92.28%) > Zn (91.14%) > Co (72.53%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunde L Yusuf
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
| | - Taiwo W Quadri
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Materials Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) Private Bag X2046 Mmabatho 2735 South Africa
| | - Gideon F Tolufashe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Lukman O Olasunkanmi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Materials Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) Private Bag X2046 Mmabatho 2735 South Africa.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria
| | - Eno E Ebenso
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Materials Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) Private Bag X2046 Mmabatho 2735 South Africa.,Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Werner E van Zyl
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa +27 31 260 3188
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22
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Experimental and theoretical investigation on the effect of N-substituent position on the inhibition performance of l-lysine derivatives for carbon steel in H2SO4 solution. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Verma C, Ebenso EE, Quraishi M. Molecular structural aspects of organic corrosion inhibitors: Influence of –CN and –NO2 substituents on designing of potential corrosion inhibitors for aqueous media. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Mishra A, Aslam J, Verma C, Quraishi M, Ebenso EE. Imidazoles as highly effective heterocyclic corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys in aqueous electrolytes: A review. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Dagdag O, Safi Z, Qiang Y, Erramli H, Guo L, Verma C, Ebenso EE, Kabir A, Wazzan N, El Harfi A. Synthesis of Macromolecular Aromatic Epoxy Resins as Anticorrosive Materials: Computational Modeling Reinforced Experimental Studies. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3151-3164. [PMID: 32118131 PMCID: PMC7045322 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, two bifunctional macromolecular aromatic epoxy resins (ERs), namely, 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol oxirane (ERH) and 4,4'-isopropylidene tetrabromodiphenol oxirane (ERBr), are synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as anticorrosive materials for carbon steel corrosion in acidic medium. ERs were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Investigated ERs acted as effective corrosion inhibitors, and their inhibition effectiveness followed the order ERBr (96.5%) > ERH (95.6%). Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that ERH and ERBr behave as predominantly anodic type and the cathodic type of corrosion inhibitors, respectively. Adsorption of both the studied ERH and ERBr molecules obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Density functional theory and molecular dynamics studies showed that protonated forms of ERH and ERBr contribute more to metal (carbon steel)-inhibitor (ERH/ERBr) interactions than their neutral forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Dagdag
- Laboratory of Agroresources, Polymers and Process
Engineering (LAPPE),
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Laboratory of Materials, Electrochemistry
and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, BP 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Zaki Safi
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar
University—Gaza, P.O. Box 1277, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Yujie Qiang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang
Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Hamid Erramli
- Laboratory of Agroresources, Polymers and Process
Engineering (LAPPE),
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Laboratory of Materials, Electrochemistry
and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, BP 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Lei Guo
- School
of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tongren
University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Chandrabhan Verma
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of
Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West
University, Private Bag
X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Material Science Innovation & Modelling
(MaSIM) Research Focus
Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Eno E. Ebenso
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of
Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West
University, Private Bag
X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Material Science Innovation & Modelling
(MaSIM) Research Focus
Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag
X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Nuha Wazzan
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 42805, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed El Harfi
- Laboratory of Agroresources, Polymers and Process
Engineering (LAPPE),
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Laboratory of Materials, Electrochemistry
and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, BP 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
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Inhibitory effect of Pistacia khinjuk aerial part extract for carbon steel corrosion in sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-01026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Performance of Synthesized Acetone Based Inhibitor on Low Carbon Steel Corrosion in 1 M HCl Solution. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-019-00104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Adsorption and anticorrosion behaviour of mild steel treated with 2-((1H-indol-2-yl)thio)-6-amino-4-phenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles in a hydrochloric acid solution: Experimental and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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29
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Synthesis and investigations of heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40090-019-0181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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(S)‑6‑Phenyl‑2,3,5,6‑tetrahydroimidazo[2,1‑b] thiazole hydrochloride as corrosion inhibitor of steel in acidic solution: Gravimetrical, electrochemical, surface morphology and theoretical simulation. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Aqueous phase environmental friendly organic corrosion inhibitors derived from one step multicomponent reactions: A review. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Dagdag O, Safi Z, Erramli H, Cherkaoui O, Wazzan N, Guo L, Verma C, Ebenso EE, El Harfi A. Adsorption and anticorrosive behavior of aromatic epoxy monomers on carbon steel corrosion in acidic solution: computational studies and sustained experimental studies. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14782-14796. [PMID: 35516296 PMCID: PMC9064207 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01672d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis, characterization and corrosion inhibition effectiveness of two aromatic epoxy monomers (AEMs) namely, 2-(oxiran-2-yl-methoxy)-N,N-bis(oxiran-2-yl-methyl)aniline (AEM1) and N,N-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-2-((oxiran-2-ylmethyl) thio)aniline (AEM2), in carbon steel corrosive dissolution in 1 M HCl solution is investigated using computational and experimental techniques. AEM1 and AEM2 were characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques. Electrochemical results demonstrated that AEMs act as reasonably good corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl medium and their effectiveness followed the sequence: AEM2 (95.4%) > AEM1 (94.3%). A PDP study showed that AEMs act as mixed-type inhibitors with slight anodic predominance. Adsorption of the AEMs obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model. Interactions between AEMs and the metallic surface was further studied using DFT and MD simulations that give several computational parameters such as I, A, EHOMO, ELUMO, ΔE, δ, χ, ρ, σ, η, ΔN and Eads. The experimental and computational results were in good agreement and well complimented each other. Herein, the synthesis, characterization and corrosion inhibition effectiveness of two aromatic epoxy monomers (AEMs) in carbon steel corrosive dissolution in 1 M HCl solution was investigated using computational and experimental techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Dagdag
- Laboratory of Agroresources
- Polymers and Process Engineering (LAPPE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ibn Tofail University
| | - Zaki Safi
- Al Azhar University-Gaza
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Palestine
| | - Hamid Erramli
- Laboratory of Materials, Electrochemistry and Environment
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ibn Tofail University
- Kenitra
| | - Omar Cherkaoui
- Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries
- Laboratory REMTEX
- Casablanca
- Morocco
| | - Nuha Wazzan
- King Abdulaziz University
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Tongren University
- Tongren
- China
| | - Chandrabhan Verma
- Material Science Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
- North-West University
- Mmabatho 2735
- South Africa
| | - E. E. Ebenso
- Material Science Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
- North-West University
- Mmabatho 2735
- South Africa
| | - Ahmed El Harfi
- Laboratory of Agroresources
- Polymers and Process Engineering (LAPPE)
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ibn Tofail University
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33
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El Bakri Y, Guo L, Anouar EH, Essassi EM. Electrochemical, DFT and MD simulation of newly synthesized triazolotriazepine derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Zheng X, Gong M, Li Q, Guo L. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulfuric acid solution by loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) leaves extract. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9140. [PMID: 29904168 PMCID: PMC6002395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition performance and mechanism of loquat leaves extract (LLE) for the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 were investigated using weight loss method, electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that LLE acted as a modest cathodic inhibitor, its inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of LLE and reached a maximum value of 96% at the 100% V/V concentration, but decreased with incremental temperature. Besides, it was found that the adsorption of LLE on steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and then the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were further determined accordingly. Furthermore, LLE was preliminarily separated by pH-gradient sedimentation and the synergistic inhibition between the isolates was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwen Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Material Corrosion and Protection of Sichuan Province, Zigong, 643000, China.
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Material Corrosion and Protection of Sichuan Province, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, China
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35
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Verma C, Lgaz H, Verma D, Ebenso EE, Bahadur I, Quraishi M. Molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations as powerful tools for study of interfacial adsorption behavior of corrosion inhibitors in aqueous phase: A review. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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Goyal M, Kumar S, Bahadur I, Verma C, Ebenso EE. Organic corrosion inhibitors for industrial cleaning of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in acidic solutions: A review. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Verma C, Olasunkanmi L, Ebenso EE, Quraishi M. Substituents effect on corrosion inhibition performance of organic compounds in aggressive ionic solutions: A review. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Gao L, Peng S, Gong Z, Chen J. A combination of experiment and theoretical methods to study the novel and low-cost corrosion inhibitor 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole for mild steel in 1 M sulfuric acid. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38506-38516. [PMID: 35559084 PMCID: PMC9090567 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06145a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAT) was explored via experimental and theoretical computation methods as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M sulfuric acid. These data indicate that HOAT has good ability to suppress corrosion of the mild steel, with ideal agreement with between experimental and computational results. Besides, the electrochemical experiments show that HOAT is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M H2SO4. Furthermore, HOAT adsorption on the surface of steel conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model. Finally, computational simulation was executed to deeply investigate the mechanism to HOAT inhibition corrosion of steel. 1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAT) was explored via experimental and theoretical computation methods as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M sulfuric acid.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhou Gao
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Shini Peng
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Zhili Gong
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing
- China
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39
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Tan B, Zhang S, Qiang Y, Feng L, Liao C, Xu Y, Chen S. Investigation of the inhibition effect of Montelukast Sodium on the copper corrosion in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Hamani H, Douadi T, Daoud D, Al-Noaimi M, Rikkouh RA, Chafaa S. 1-(4-Nitrophenylo-imino)-1-(phenylhydrazono)-propan-2-one as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution: Weight loss, electrochemical, thermodynamic and quantum chemical studies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Mashuga ME, Olasunkanmi LO, Ebenso EE. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the inhibitory effect of new pyridazine derivatives for the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Kumar S, Vashisht H, Olasunkanmi LO, Bahadur I, Verma H, Goyal M, Singh G, Ebenso EE. Polyurethane Based Triblock Copolymers as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudershan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry,
Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Hemlata Vashisht
- Department of Chemistry, Kirrori Mal, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Lukman O. Olasunkanmi
- Department of Chemistry, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) and Material Science Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria
| | - Indra Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) and Material Science Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Hemant Verma
- Department of Chemistry,
Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Madhusudan Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Gurmeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Eno E. Ebenso
- Department of Chemistry, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus) and Material Science Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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43
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Meng Y, Ning W, Xu B, Yang W, Zhang K, Chen Y, Li L, Liu X, Zheng J, Zhang Y. Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives: a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results on the inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Meng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Wenbo Ning
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Bin Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences
- Ministry of Environmental Protection
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R China
| | - Wenzhong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Kegui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Lihua Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Xi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Jinhong Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences
- Ministry of Environmental Protection
- Nanjing 210042
- P. R China
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44
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Nicotinonitriles as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid: Electrochemical, computational and surface morphological studies. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Singh P, Srivastava V, Quraishi M. Novel quinoline derivatives as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium: Electrochemical, SEM, AFM, and XPS studies. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Singh P, Singh A, Quraishi M. Thiopyrimidine derivatives as new and effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid: Electrochemical and quantum chemical studies. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Xu B, Ji Y, Zhang X, Jin X, Yang W, Chen Y. Experimental and theoretical evaluation of N, N-Bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aniline as a novel corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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48
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Verma C, Quraishi M, Singh A. A thermodynamical, electrochemical, theoretical and surface investigation of diheteroaryl thioethers as effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Interactions at the mild steel acid solution interface in the presence of O-fumaryl-chitosan: Electrochemical and surface studies. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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Verma C, Quraishi M, Singh A. 2-Amino-5-nitro-4,6-diarylcyclohex-1-ene-1,3,3-tricarbonitriles as new and effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl: Experimental and theoretical studies. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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