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Delaney P, Sarvothaman VP, Colgan R, Nagarajan S, Deshmukh G, Rooney D, Robertson PKJ, Ranade VV. Removal of single and dual ring thiophene's from dodecane using cavitation based processes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106148. [PMID: 36063788 PMCID: PMC9463457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Utilising cavitation for enhancing oxidative desulphurization has been investigated for nearly-two decades with recent investigations shifting focus from low-capacity acoustic cavitation (AC) to scalable hydrodynamic cavitation (HC). This work focuses on developing a viable means for removing thiophene's from fuels. In the first phase of this work, use of vortex based HC devices for removal of single and dual ring thiophenes from dodecane was investigated. HC was shown to be able to remove single ring thiophene from dodecane without using any external catalyst or additives. However, in absence of catalyst or additives, it was not possible to remove dual ring thiophenes such as dibenzothiophene using HC. Therefore, in the second phase of this work, various strategies based on use of catalyst or additives to augment cavitation based process were investigated. AC based experiments were opted for shortlisting suitable catalysts and additives for intensifying cavitation based processes. The influence of using oxidant (H2O2) and carboxylic acid catalysts on efficacy of removal of dual ring thiophenes is presented. Several conditions were tested, and the optimal volumetric ratios of 0.95 v/v % H2O2 and 6.25 v/v % HCOOH was identified and utilised throughout the remainder of the study. Regeneration of extractant which accumulates oxidised sulphur species from dodecane was also investigated using AC. The additives and process conditions reported in this work are useful for enhancing desulphurization performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Delaney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Varaha P Sarvothaman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Ronan Colgan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Sanjay Nagarajan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK; Sustainable Environment Research Centre, University of South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK
| | - Gunjan Deshmukh
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - David Rooney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Peter K J Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Vivek V Ranade
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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2
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Mortezaee A, Sobati MA, Movahedirad S, Shahhosseini S. An experimental investigation on the oxidative desulfurization of a mineral lubricant base oil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1951-1968. [PMID: 34900318 PMCID: PMC8617150 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of Sn 650 base oil with total sulfur content of 10,000 ppmw has been investigated experimentally. The response surface methodology (RSM) considering Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to examine the impacts of the oxidation temperature (30-70˚C), hydrogen peroxide to sulfur molar ratio (2-8), and formic acid to sulfur molar ratio (20-60) on the sulfur removal. In the next step, the appropriate values of the independent variables such as stirrer speed (750-1250 rpm), reaction time (60-180 min), and the number of extraction stages (1-4) were determined based on the optimal result obtained from the BBD. The best performance of the ODS process was found at a reaction temperature of 58˚C, an oxidant to sulfur molar ratio of 7.35, a formic acid to sulfur molar ratio of 58.5, a reaction time of 150 min, and a stirrer speed of 1250 rpm for the oxidation reaction. The achieved sulfur removal after oxidation followed by liquid-liquid extraction was 32 %, and 60 % for one extraction and three extraction stages, respectively. The changes in the base oil specifications after the ODS treatment were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mortezaee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Sobati
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Movahedirad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shahhosseini
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
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3
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Aerobic photoxidation of sulfides using unique hybrid polyoxometalate under visible light. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2021.106283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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4
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Kayedi N, Samimi A, Asgari Bajgirani M, Bozorgian A. Enhanced oxidative desulfurization of model fuel: A comprehensive experimental study. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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5
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Syntyhaki E, Detsi A, Karonis D. Assessment of the Oxidative Desulfurization of Middle Distillate Surrogate Fuels with Spectroscopic Techniques. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8876082. [PMID: 33376620 PMCID: PMC7744240 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8876082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative desulfurization of five (5) model sulfur compounds and eleven (11) surrogate blends was investigated using the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-acetic acid (CH3COOH) system. Consequently, extractive desulfurization was carried out using conventional solvents. The model sulfur compounds, as well as the solvent, are present in petroleum middle distillates. The selection of the compounds was made so that they represent various kinds of sulfur compounds. The goal of this study was the implementation of a simple and economical oxidative and extractive system for the desulfurization of surrogate mixtures with an intermediate sulfur concentration 1% w/w, at the mild temperature of 70°C, and without the use of supplementary and assisting methods such as heterogeneous catalysis or ultrasound irradiation. The sulfur content was estimated using X-ray fluorescence. The progress of the oxidation reaction was monitored using liquid FT-IR. The solid sediments of the oxidation procedure were identified with solid-state FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Syntyhaki
- Laboratory of Fuels Technology and Lubricants, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Fuels and Lubricants, Hellenic Navy General Staff, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Detsi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Karonis
- Laboratory of Fuels Technology and Lubricants, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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6
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Syntyhaki E, Karonis D. Evaluation of Oxidative Desulfurization and Solvent Extraction of Model Sulfur Compounds, Present in Petroleum Middle Distillates, with Infrared and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1808008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Syntyhaki
- Laboratory of Fuels Technology and Lubricants, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Fuels and Lubricants, Hellenic Navy General Staff, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Karonis
- Laboratory of Fuels Technology and Lubricants, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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7
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Liu B, Mu Q, Huang J, Tan W, Xiao J. Fabrication of titanosilicate pillared MFI zeolites with tailored catalytic activity. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-019-1859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Abstract
Recalcitrant sulfur compounds are common impurities in crude oil. During combustion they produce SOx derivatives that are able to affect the atmospheric ozone layer, increasing the formation of acid rains, and reducing the life of the engine due to corrosion. In the last twenty years, many efforts have been devoted to develop conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) procedures, as well as alternative methods, such as selective adsorption, bio-desulfurization, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) under extractive conditions (ECODS), and others. Among them, the oxidative procedures have been usually accomplished by the use of toxic stoichiometric oxidants, namely potassium permanganate, sodium bromate and carboxylic and sulfonic peracids. As an alternative, increasing interest is devoted to selective and economical procedures based upon catalytic methods. Heterogeneous catalysis is of relevance in industrial ODS processes, since it reduces the leaching of active species and favors the recovery and reuse of the catalyst for successive transformations. The heterogenization of different types of high-valent metal transition-based organometallic complexes, able to promote the activation of stoichiometric benign oxidants like peroxides, can be achieved using various solid supports. Many successful cases have been frequently associated with the use of mesoporous silicas that have the advantage of easy surface modification by reaction with organosilanes, facilitating the immobilization of homogeneous catalysts. In this manuscript the application of SBA-15 as efficient support for different active metal species, able to promote the catalytic ODS of either model or real fuels is reviewed, highlighting its beneficial properties such as high surface area, narrow pore size distribution and tunable pore diameter dimensions. Related to this topic, the most relevant advances recently published, will be discussed and critically described.
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Re RN, Proessdorf JC, La Clair JJ, Subileau M, Burkart MD. Tailoring chemoenzymatic oxidation via in situ peracids. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9418-9424. [PMID: 31650153 PMCID: PMC7751277 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01814j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epoxidation chemistry often suffers from the challenging handling of peracids and thus requires in situ preparation. Here, we describe a two-phase enzymatic system that allows the effective generation of peracids and directly translate their activity to the epoxidation of olefins. We demonstrate the approach by application to lipid and olefin epoxidation as well as sulfide oxidation. These methods offer useful applications to synthetic modifications and scalable green processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca N Re
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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10
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Baradaran S, Sadeghi MT. Intensification of diesel oxidative desulfurization via hydrodynamic cavitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 58:104698. [PMID: 31450290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A Hydrodynamic Cavitation Assisted Oxidative Desulfurization (HCAOD) process was applied for treatment of diesel fuel feedstock using hydrogen peroxide and formic acid as the oxidant and catalyst, respectively. Investigation on the effect of main process variables including pressure drop (3-6 bar), time of treatment (10-30 min) and formic acid to oxidant molar ratio (nA/nO) (1-5), was performed through applying Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design. Single and interactive effects of the parameters were recognized. A remarkable 95% extent of desulfurization at optimum conditions with HC pressure drop of 4.2 bar, acid to oxidant ratio (nA/nO) of 3.2 at 29 min was achieved. The results were also compared to an oxidation system without the aid of hydrodynamic cavitation. Accordingly, HCAOD can be considered as a promising treatment scheme for intensification of diesel oxidative desulfurization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Baradaran
- Department of Chemical, Oil and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Sadeghi
- Department of Chemical, Oil and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Rahimi M, Shahhosseini S, Movahedirad S. Hydrodynamic and mass transfer investigation of oxidative desulfurization of a model fuel using an ultrasound horn reactor. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 52:77-87. [PMID: 30477791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) is a promising technology, which can result in ultra-low sulfur fuels in order to reduce the environmental crisis. Most of the researches have been conducted with the experimental approaches. In the present study, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model has been developed to investigate the hydrodynamics as well as the reactions involved in a sonoreactor. The results indicate that the physical and chemical effects associated with the ultrasonic field can contribute to the enhancement of the reaction and sulfur removal rates. However, the physical effects are predominant as compared to the chemical effects. Indeed, homogenous mixing and fine micro-emulsification caused by the physical effects lead to increase the interfacial area and mass transfer rate between the immiscible aqueous and oil phases. The dibenzothiophene concentration predicted by the simulation was in a reasonably good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. Another key hydrodynamic parameter induced by ultrasonic field was turbulent kinetic energy, which can play an important role in the sulfur removal rate. The results indicate the higher desulfurization efficiency has been attained at the regions with the higher velocity fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Rahimi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16765-163, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shahhosseini
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16765-163, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salman Movahedirad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16765-163, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Ai S, Li X. Size effect of mesoscopic-scale silver particles on the adsorption capacity of silver/cotton for fuel oil desulphurization. CAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xinsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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13
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MoOx-VOx based catalysts for the oxidative desulfurization of refractory compounds: Influence of MoOx-VOx interaction on the catalytic performance. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Zheng M, Xu C, Hu H, Ye Z, Chen X. Adsorption diffusion behaviour of 4,6-DMDBT from diesel fuel. CAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst; School of Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, Fujian P. R. China
| | - Chengzhi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst; School of Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, Fujian P. R. China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, Fujian P. R. China
| | - Zhuoliang Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, Fujian P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst; School of Chemical Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002, Fujian P. R. China
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15
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Rapid oxidation of dibenzothiophene in model fuel under ultrasound irradiation. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Desulfurization of Model Fuels with Carbon Nanotube/TiO2 Nanomaterial Adsorbents: Comparison of Batch and Film-Shear Reactor Processes. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Zheng M, Xu C, Hu H, Ye Z, Chen X. A modified homogeneous surface diffusion model for the fixed-bed adsorption of 4,6-DMDBT on Ag–CeOx/TiO2–SiO2. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23967f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) from diesel fuel using a fixed bed column was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Chengzhi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuoliang Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
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18
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New perspective to Keplerate polyoxomolybdates: Green oxidation of sulfides with hydrogen peroxide in water. CATAL COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Akbari A, Omidkhah M, Towfighi Darian J. Facilitated and selective oxidation of thiophenic sulfur compounds using MoOx/Al₂O₃-H₂O₂ system under ultrasonic irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 23:231-7. [PMID: 25258211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative desulfurization of thiophenic sulfur compounds of benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) with MoOx/Al₂O₃ catalyst and H₂O₂ oxidant has been facilitated and more selective under ultrasonic irradiation. The catalyst with the optimum 10% of Mo loading consisted of isolated tetrahedral molybdenum oxide species based on FTIR analysis. The increase of Mo loading to 15% and 20% caused to generation of polymolybdate and MoO₃ crystals which decreased desulfurization activity. Sonication enhanced the apparent reaction rate constants in oxidation of all three sulfur compounds. An increase in the Arrhenius factor (A0), which is the total number of collisions per second, could explain the acceleration in the rate constants by sonication. The apparent activated energy (Ea) of BT oxidation was reduced from 96.6 to 75.3 kJ/mol by using ultrasound. This indicated that ultrasound had also a chemical effect, like a catalytic influence, in the acceleration of BT removal. DBT oxidation was reduced when investigated in the presence of tetralin, naphthalene and 2-methyl naphthalene as the model aromatic compounds of actual light oils. A higher selectivity toward DBT elimination in the presence of aromatics was obtained by sonication when compared with the silent treatment. Ultrasound cleaned the catalyst surface from adsorbed aromatics. On the basis of the obtained results, a mechanistic proposal for this desulfurization was explained. Oxidation was performed by nucleophilic attack of sulfur atom to the molybdenum peroxide species of tetrahedral molybdates, which was more advanced by sonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Akbari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Omidkhah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jafar Towfighi Darian
- Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
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Akbari A, Omidkhah M, Darian JT. Investigation of process variables and intensification effects of ultrasound applied in oxidative desulfurization of model diesel over MoO3/Al2O3 catalyst. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:692-705. [PMID: 24409467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new heterogeneous sonocatalytic system consisting of a MoO3/Al2O3 catalyst and H2O2 combined with ultrasonication was studied to improve and accelerate the oxidation of model sulfur compounds of diesel, resulting in a significant enhancement in the process efficiency. The influence of ultrasound on properties, activity and stability of the catalyst was studied in detail by means of GC-FID, PSD, SEM and BET techniques. Above 98% conversion of DBT in model diesel containing 1000 μg/g sulfur was obtained by new ultrasound-assisted desulfurization at H2O2/sulfur molar ratio of 3, temperature of 318 K and catalyst dosage of 30 g/L after 30 min reaction, contrary to the 55% conversion obtained during the silent process. This improvement was considerably affected by operation parameters and catalyst properties. The effects of main process variables were investigated using response surface methodology in silent process compared to ultrasonication. Ultrasound provided a good dispersion of catalyst and oxidant by breakage of hydrogen bonding and deagglomeration of them in the oil phase. Deposition of impurities on the catalyst surface caused a quick deactivation in silent experiments resulting only 5% of DBT oxidation after 6 cycles of silent reaction by recycled catalyst. Above 95% of DBT was oxidized after 6 ultrasound-assisted cycles showing a great improvement in stability by cleaning the surface during ultrasonication. A considerable particle size reduction was also observed after 3 h sonication that could provide more dispersion of catalyst in model fuel.
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Song H, Cui X, Jiang B, Song H, Wang D, Zhang Y. Preparation of SO4 2−/ZrO2 solid superacid and oxidative desulfurization using K2FeO4. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-013-1198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Albayrak AT, Gurkaynak MA. Sonocatalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Thiophene and Its Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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De Filippis P, Liuzzo G, Scarsella M, Verdone N. Oxidative Desulfurization II: Temperature Dependence of Organosulfur Compounds Oxidation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie200316u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo De Filippis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana, 18 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Liuzzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana, 18 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Scarsella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana, 18 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Verdone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana, 18 00184 Rome, Italy
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