2
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Termopoli V, Torrisi E, Famiglini G, Palma P, Zappia G, Cappiello A, Vandergrift GW, Zvekic M, Krogh ET, Gill CG. Mass Spectrometry Based Approach for Organic Synthesis Monitoring. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11916-11922. [PMID: 31403767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Current mass spectrometry-based methodologies for synthetic organic reaction monitoring largely use electrospray ionization (ESI), or other related atmospheric pressure ionization-based approaches. Monitoring of complex, heterogeneous systems may be problematic because of sampling hardware limitations, and many relevant analytes (neutrals) exhibit poor ESI performance. An alternative monitoring strategy addressing this significant impasse is condensed phase membrane introduction mass spectrometry using liquid electron ionization (CP-MIMS-LEI). In CP-MIMS, a semipermeable silicone membrane selects hydrophobic neutral analytes, rejecting particulates and charged chemical components. Analytes partition through the membrane, and are then transported to the LEI interface for sequential nebulization, vaporization, and ionization. CP-MIMS and LEI are both ideal for continuous monitoring applications of hydrophobic neutral molecules. We demonstrate quantitative reaction monitoring of harsh, complex reaction mixtures (alkaline, acidic, heterogeneous) in protic and aprotic organic solvents. Also presented are solvent-membrane compatibility investigations and, in situ quantitative monitoring of catalytic oxidation and alkylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Termopoli
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Elena Torrisi
- Biomolecular Sciences Department , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Giorgio Famiglini
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Pierangela Palma
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy.,Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Biomolecular Sciences Department , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy
| | - Achille Cappiello
- LC-MS Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino 61029 , Italy.,Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Gregory W Vandergrift
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Misha Zvekic
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada
| | - Erik T Krogh
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Chris G Gill
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department , Vancouver Island University , Nanaimo , British Columbia V9R 5S5 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada.,Chemistry Department , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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14
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Workman, J, Veltkamp DJ, Doherty S, Anderson BB, Creasy KE, Koch M, Tatera JF, Robinson AL, Bond L, Burgess LW, Bokerman GN, Ullman AH, Darsey GP, Mozayeni F, Bamberger JA, Greenwood MS. Process Analytical Chemistry. Anal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/a1990007s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Workman,
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - David J. Veltkamp
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Steve Doherty
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Brian B. Anderson
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Ken E. Creasy
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Mel Koch
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - James F. Tatera
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Alex L. Robinson
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Leonard Bond
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Lloyd W. Burgess
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Gary N. Bokerman
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Alan H. Ullman
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Gary P. Darsey
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Foad Mozayeni
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Judith Ann Bamberger
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
| | - Margaret Stautberg Greenwood
- Analytical Science & Technology, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry (CPAC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Chemical Sciences Group, Monsanto Company/Searle, Skokie, Illinois 60077, Savannah River Technology Center, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Akine, South Carolina 29808, On-Line Instrumentation Skill Center, AlliedSignal, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021, Process Analysis Expertise Center, Dow Corning
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