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Zhang C, Bai X, Dedkova LM, Hecht SM. Protein synthesis with conformationally constrained cyclic dipeptides. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115780. [PMID: 33007560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized several conformationally constrained dipeptide analogues as possible substrates for incorporation into proteins. These have included three cyclic dipeptides formed from Boc derivatives of 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, ornithine and lysine, having 5-, 6-, and 7-membered lactam rings, respectively. These dipeptides were used to activate a suppressor tRNA transcript, the latter of which had been prepared by in vitro transcription. Using modified E. coli ribosomes described previously, these activated suppressor tRNAs enabled the incorporation of the three cyclic dipeptides into dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) at positions 18 and 49. The suppression yields increased with increasing lactam ring size and were found to proceed in suppression yields ranging from 3.4 to 8.9% at two different protein sites for the 5-, 6- and 7-membered lactam dipeptides. The greater facility of incorporation of the 7-membered lactam prompted us to prepare two 7-membered cyclic acylhydrazides (4 and 5) by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDCI)-mediated cyclization of amino acids having selectively protected hydrazine functional groups in their side chains. In common with the lactam dipeptides, acylhydrazide dipeptides 4 and 5 could be used to activate the same suppressor tRNA transcript and to incorporate the cyclic dipeptides into DHFR. They were incorporated into the same two DHFR sites in suppression yields ranging from 8.3 to 11.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Biodesign Center for BioEnergetics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Bai
- Biodesign Center for BioEnergetics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Larisa M Dedkova
- Biodesign Center for BioEnergetics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States.
| | - Sidney M Hecht
- Biodesign Center for BioEnergetics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States.
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2
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Martínez-Crespo L, Escudero-Adán EC, Costa A, Rotger C. The Role of N
-Methyl Squaramides in a Hydrogen-Bonding Strategy to Fold Peptidomimetic Compounds. Chemistry 2018; 24:17802-17813. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Martínez-Crespo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Balearic Islands; Cra Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma Spain
| | - Eduardo C. Escudero-Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio Costa
- Department of Chemistry; University of Balearic Islands; Cra Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma Spain
| | - Carmen Rotger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Balearic Islands; Cra Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma Spain
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3
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Ghosh AK, Osswald HL, Prato G. Recent Progress in the Development of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of HIV/AIDS. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5172-208. [PMID: 26799988 PMCID: PMC5598487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 protease inhibitors continue to play an important role in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, transforming this deadly ailment into a more manageable chronic infection. Over the years, intensive research has led to a variety of approved protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. In this review, we outline current drug design and medicinal chemistry efforts toward the development of next-generation protease inhibitors beyond the currently approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Heather L. Osswald
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gary Prato
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Smith AB, Charnley AK, Hirschmann R. Pyrrolinone-based peptidomimetics. "Let the enzyme or receptor be the judge". Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:180-93. [PMID: 21175156 PMCID: PMC3078624 DOI: 10.1021/ar1001186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins, evolved by nature to perform vital biological functions, would constitute ideal candidates for therapeutic intervention were it not for their generally poor pharmacokinetic profiles. Nonpeptide peptidomimetics have thus been pursued because they might overcome these limitations while maintaining both the potency and selectivity of the parent peptide or protein. Since the late 1980s, we have sought to design, synthesize, and evaluate a novel, proteolytically stable nonpeptide peptidomimetic scaffold consisting of a repeating structural unit amenable to iterative construction; a primary concern is maintaining both the appropriate peptide-like side-chains and requisite hydrogen bonding. In this Account, we detail how efforts in the Smith-Hirschmann laboratories culminated in the identification of the 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold. We developed effective synthetic protocols, both in solution and on solid supports, for iterative construction of diverse polypyrrolinones that present functionalized peptide-like side-chains. As a result of the rigid nature of the pyrrolinone scaffold, control over the backbone conformation could be exerted by modulation of the stereogenicity of the constituent monomers and the network of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The extended conformation of the homochiral 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold proved to be an excellent mimic for β-strands and β-sheets. Application to enzyme inhibitor design and synthesis led not only to modest inhibitors of the aspartic acid protease renin and the matrix metalloprotease class of enzymes, but importantly to bioavailable HIV-1 protease inhibitors with subnanomolar binding constants. The design and synthesis of a competent peptide-pyrrolinone hybrid ligand for the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen protein HLA-DR1 further demonstrated the utility of the 3,5-polypyrrolinone motif as a mimic for the extended polyproline type II peptide backbone. Equally important, we sought to define, by synthesis, the additional conformational space accessible to the polypyrrolinone structural motif, with the ultimate goal of accessing pyrrolinone-based turn and helix mimetics. Toward this end, a mono-N-methylated bispyrrolinone was found to adopt an extended helical array in the solid state. Subsequent synthesis of d,l-alternating (heterochiral) tetrapyrrolinones both validated the expected turn conformations in solution and led to a functionally active mimetic of a peptidal β-turn (similar to somatostatin). Finally, the design, synthesis, and structural evaluation of both acyclic and cyclic heterochiral (that is, d,l-alternating) hexapyrrolinones yielded nanotube-like assemblies in the solid state. Taken together, these results illustrate the remarkable potential of the 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold as β-strand, β-sheet, β-turn, and potentially helical peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Smith AB, Xiong H, Charnley AK, Brenner M, Mesaros EF, Kenesky CS, Di Costanzo L, Christianson DW, Hirschmann R. Design, synthesis, and structural analysis of D,L-mixed polypyrrolinones. 2. Macrocyclic hexapyrrolinones. Org Lett 2010; 12:2994-7. [PMID: 20518572 DOI: 10.1021/ol101008y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and structural analysis of two macrocyclic D,L-alternating hexapyrrolinones have been achieved. These cyclic peptide mimics adopt a flat, hexagonal conformation, stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between adjacent pyrrolinone rings. Extensive NMR studies and X-ray analysis reveal, respectively, that the macrocyclic hexapyrrolinones aggregate in solution and in the solid state form staggered stacked nanotube-like assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Smith AB, Wang W, Charnley AK, Carroll PJ, Kenesky CS, Hirschmann R. Design, synthesis, and structural analysis of D,L-mixed polypyrrolinones. 1. From nonpeptide peptidomimetics to nanotubes. Org Lett 2010; 12:2990-3. [PMID: 20518540 PMCID: PMC2892756 DOI: 10.1021/ol101007n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To expand the potential conformational space available to the polypyrroline structural motif, an open chain, D,L-alternating hexapyrrolinone was designed and synthesized. Structural studies, including solution NMR and X-ray crystallographic analysis, revealed that the hexapyrrolinone adopts a turn conformation both in solution and in the solid state, with aggregation in solution and a nanotube-like quaternary structure in the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Wenyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Adam K. Charnley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Craig S. Kenesky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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8
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Stabilization of β-hairpin structures via inter-strand π-π and hydrogen bond interactions in α-, β-, γ-hybrid peptides. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Che Y, Marshall GR. Privileged scaffolds targeting reverse-turn and helix recognition. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:101-14. [PMID: 18076374 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.1.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein-protein interactions dominate molecular recognition in biologic systems. One major challenge for drug discovery arises from the very large surfaces that are characteristic of many protein-protein interactions. OBJECTIVES To identify 'drug-like' small molecule leads capable of modulating protein-protein interactions based on common protein-recognition motifs, such as alpha-helices, beta-strands, reverse-turns and polyproline motifs for example. OVERVIEW Many proteins/peptides are unstructured under physiologic conditions and only fold into ordered structures on binding to their cellular targets. Therefore, preorganization of an inhibitor into its protein-bound conformation reduces the entropy of binding and enhances the relative affinity of the inhibitor. Accordingly, this review describes a general strategy to address the challenge based on the 'privileged structure hypothesis' [Che, PhD thesis, Washington University, 2003] that chemical templates capable of mimicking surfaces of protein-recognition motifs are potential privileged scaffolds as small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. The authors highlight recent advances in the design of privileged scaffolds targeting reverse-turn and helical recognition. CONCLUSIONS Privileged scaffolds targeting common protein-recognition motifs are useful to help elucidate the receptor-bound conformation and to provide non-peptidic, bioavailable substructures suitable for optimization to modulate protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Che
- Washington University, Center for Computational Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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10
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Chakraborty TK, Rao KS, Kiran MU, Jagadeesh B. Nucleation of the β-hairpin structure in a linear hybrid peptide containing α-, β- and γ-amino acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Protein recognition by synthetic molecules is a challenging endeavour, since these materials must bind to a large relatively flat surface domain and recognize a unique distribution of amino acid residues of varying charge, size and shape. The most promising routes involve specific metal coordination, epitope-docking on miniature proteins, aptamer selection, nonnatural peptide isosteres, functionalized platforms, secondary structure mimetics, molecular imprinting and receptors embedded in lipid layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schrader
- University Duisburg-Essen, Department of Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 5, 45117, Essen, Germany
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13
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Gareiss PC, Palde PB, Hubbard RD, Miller BL. Conformational and Structural Analysis of ater-Cyclopentane Scaffold for Molecular Recognition. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Koch SJ, Renner C, Xie X, Schrader T. Tuning Linear Copolymers into Protein-Specific Hosts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6352-5. [PMID: 16937424 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Koch
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Chemie, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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15
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Koch SJ, Renner C, Xie X, Schrader T. Tuning Linear Copolymers into Protein-Specific Hosts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Che Y, Brooks BR, Marshall GR. Development of small molecules designed to modulate protein-protein interactions. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2006; 20:109-30. [PMID: 16622794 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-006-9040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are ubiquitous, essential to almost all known biological processes, and offer attractive opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Developing small molecules that modulate protein-protein interactions is challenging, owing to the large size of protein-complex interface, the lack of well-defined binding pockets, etc. We describe a general approach based on the "privileged-structure hypothesis" [Che, Ph.D. Thesis, Washington University, 2003] - that any organic templates capable of mimicking surfaces of protein-recognition motifs are potential privileged scaffolds as protein-complex antagonists--to address the challenges inherent in the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Che
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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17
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Smith AB, Charnley AK, Harada H, Beiger JJ, Cantin LD, Kenesky CS, Hirschmann R, Munshi S, Olsen DB, Stahlhut MW, Schleif WA, Kuo LC. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of monopyrrolinone-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors possessing augmented P2' side chains. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 16:859-63. [PMID: 16298527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of monopyrrolinone-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors possessing rationally designed P2' side chains have been synthesized and evaluated for activity against wild-type HIV-1 protease. The most potent inhibitor displays subnanomolar potency in vitro for the wild-type HIV-1 protease. Additionally, the monopyrrolinone inhibitors retain potency in cellular assays against clinically significant mutant forms of the virus. X-ray structures of these inhibitors bound in the wild-type enzyme reveal important insights into the observed biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Tu RS, Tirrell M. Bottom-up design of biomimetic assemblies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2004; 56:1537-63. [PMID: 15350288 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2003] [Accepted: 05/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nature has evolved the ability to assemble a variety of molecules into functional architectures that can specifically bind cellular ligands. Mimicking this strategy requires the design of a set of multifaceted molecules, where elements that direct assembly were conjugated to biologically specific components. The development of functional molecular building-blocks that assemble to form compartments for therapeutics addresses the desire to have controllable morphologies that interact with biological interfaces at nanometer length scales. The practical application of such 'bottom-up' assemblies requires the ability to predict the type of aggregated structure and to synthesize molecules in a highly controlled fashion. This bottom-up approach results in a molecular platform that mimics biological systems with potential for encapsulating and delivering drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S Tu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Office of the Dean of Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5130, USA
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Mangelinckx S, Giubellina N, De Kimpe N. 1-Azaallylic Anions in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2353-99. [PMID: 15137794 DOI: 10.1021/cr020084p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Mangelinckx
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Yang D, Qu J, Li W, Wang DP, Ren Y, Wu YD. A Reverse Turn Structure Induced by a d,l-α-Aminoxy Acid Dimer. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:14452-7. [PMID: 14624594 DOI: 10.1021/ja029514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work revealed that two adjacent D-alpha-aminoxy acids could form two homochiral N-O turns, with the backbone folding into an extended helical structure (1.8(8)-helix). Here, we report the conformational studies of linear peptides 3-6, which contain a D,L-alpha-aminoxy acid dimer segment. The NMR and X-ray analysis of 3 showed that it folded into a loop conformation with two heterochiral N-O turns. This loop segment can be used to constrain tetrapeptides 4 and 6 to form a reverse turn structure. (1)H NMR dilution studies, DMSO-d6 addition studies, and 2D-NOESY data indicated that tetrapeptides 4 and 6 folded into reverse turn conformations featured by a head-to-tail 16-membered-ring intramolecular hydrogen bond. In contrast, tetrapeptide 5 with L-Ala instead of Gly or D-Ala as the N-terminal amino acid could not form the desired reverse turn structure for steric reasons. Quantum mechanics calculations showed that model pentamide 7, with the same substitution pattern of 4, adopted a novel reverse turn conformation featuring two heterochiral N-O turns (each of an 8-membered ring hydrogen bond), a cross-strand 16-membered ring hydrogen bond, and a 7-membered ring gamma-turn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
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21
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Chakraborty TK, Mohan B, Kumar S, Kunwar AC. Nucleation of β-hairpin structure in a pyrrole amino acid containing peptide. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Saha B, Nandy JP, Shukla S, Siddiqui I, Iqbal J. Stereoselective synthesis of beta-substituted phenylalanine-beta-phenylisoserine-derived tripeptides using N-cinnamoyl-L-proline as template: synthesis of structural analogues of HIV protease inhibitors. J Org Chem 2002; 67:7858-60. [PMID: 12398514 DOI: 10.1021/jo0109826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Cinnamoyl-L-proline can be used as a template on which beta-substituted phenylalanine and beta-phenylisoserine residues can be synthesized leading to tripeptide derivatives as structural analogues of HIV protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India
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Oishi S, Niida A, Kamano T, Odagaki Y, Tamamura H, Otaka A, Hamanaka N, Fujii N. Diastereoselective synthesis of psi[(E)-CMe=CH]- and psi[(E)-CMe=CMe]- type dipeptide isosteres based on organocopper-mediated anti-S(N)2' reaction. Org Lett 2002; 4:1055-8. [PMID: 11922781 DOI: 10.1021/ol016835b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A straightforward synthetic route for the synthesis of diastereomerically pure psi[(E)-CMe=CH]- and psi[(E)-CMe=CMe]-type dipeptide isosteres was developed on the basis of regio- and stereoselective anti-S(N)2' alkylation of 3-(N-Boc-5-methyl-4-substituted-oxazolidin-2-on-5-yl)acrylates with organocopper reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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