1
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Nagarajan S, Fazlur-Rahman NK. Mn-Catalyzed Ligand-Free One-Pot Synthesis of ( E)-6,7-Dihydrodibenzo[ b, j][1,7]phenanthrolines and ( E)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrobenzo[ b][1,6]naphthyridines through Dehydrogenative Friedlander Annulation/C(sp 3)-H Functionalization. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24464-24476. [PMID: 38882093 PMCID: PMC11170762 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
An efficient, MnO2-catalyzed ligand-free synthesis of (E)-6,7-dihydrodibenzo[b,j][1,7]phenanthrolines, 13, and (E)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,6]naphthyridines, 15, utilizing, 2-amino-5-chloro-benzhydrol, 9, acridinol, 10, or 1-benzyl-4-piperidinol, 14, and benzyl alcohols, 11, is reported. The MnO2-catalyzed dehydrogenative Friedlander annulation utilizing ChCl/p-TSA (DES-1) and subsequent C(sp3)-H functionalization with TBAB/p-TSA (DES-2) was effected at 100 °C. The optimized reaction conditions gave excellent product yields, and the products were evaluated for their by UV absorption and fluorescence emission studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambavi Nagarajan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Nawaz Khan Fazlur-Rahman
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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2
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Shukla A, Kumari S, Sankar M, Nair MS. Insights into the mechanism of binding of doxorubicin and a chlorin compound with 22-mer c-Myc G quadruplex. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130482. [PMID: 37821013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of small molecules with G quadruplexes is in focus due to its role in molecular recognition and therapeutic drug design. Stabilization of G-quadruplex structures in the promoter regions of oncogenes by small molecule binding has been demonstrated as a potential approach for cancer therapy. METHODS In this study, electronic spectroscopy (ultraviolet-visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism), differential scanning calorimetry, and molecular modeling were employed to explore the interactions between the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin and a chlorin compound 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-[2,3]-[bis(carboxy)-methano]chlorin (H2TPC(DAC)), and the c-Myc 22-mer G quadruplex DNA. RESULTS Spectroscopic studies indicated external binding of the compounds with partial stacking at the end quartets. Calorimetric studies and temperature dependent circular dichroism data displayed increased melting temperatures of G quadruplex structure on binding with the compounds. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that the G quadruplex structure is intact upon ligand binding. Both the compounds showed binding affinities of the order of 106 M-1. Fluorescence lifetime studies revealed static quenching as major mechanism for fluorescence quenching. Polymerase chain reaction stop assay hinted that binding of both ligands under study could inhibit the amplification of the DNA sequence. CONCLUSION Results show that doxorubicin and H2TPC(DAC) bind to the 22-mer c-Myc quadruplex structure with good affinity and induce stability. SIGNIFICANCE Doxorubicin and H2TPC(DAC) have demonstrated their affinity towards c-Myc G quadruplex DNA, stabilizing it and inhibiting expression and polymerization. The results can be of practical use in designing new analogs for the two compounds, which can become potent anti-cancer agents targeting the c-Myc GQ structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Shukla
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Soni Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Maya S Nair
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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3
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Wu S, Jiang L, Lei L, Fu C, Huang J, Hu Y, Dong Y, Chen J, Zeng Q. Crosstalk between G-quadruplex and ROS. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:37. [PMID: 36653351 PMCID: PMC9849334 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to single nucleic acid base damage, DNA strand breakage, inter- and intra-strand cross-linking of nucleic acids, and protein-DNA cross-linking involved in the pathogenesis of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. G-quadruplex (G4) is a stacked nucleic acid structure that is ubiquitous across regulatory regions of multiple genes. Abnormal formation and destruction of G4s due to multiple factors, including cations, helicases, transcription factors (TFs), G4-binding proteins, and epigenetic modifications, affect gene replication, transcription, translation, and epigenetic regulation. Due to the lower redox potential of G-rich sequences and unique structural characteristics, G4s are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Additionally, the formation, stability, and biological regulatory role of G4s are affected by ROS. G4s are involved in regulating gene transcription, translation, and telomere length maintenance, and are therefore key players in age-related degeneration. Furthermore, G4s also mediate the antioxidant process by forming stress granules and activating Nrf2, which is suggestive of their involvement in developing ROS-related diseases. In this review, we have summarized the crosstalk between ROS and G4s, and the possible regulatory mechanisms through which G4s play roles in aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjiang Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chuhan Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yibo Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yumeng Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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4
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Verma S, Patidar RK, Tiwari K, Tiwari R, Baranwal J, Velayutham R, Ranjan N. Preferential Recognition of Human Telomeric G-Quadruplex DNA by a Red-Emissive Molecular Rotor. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:7298-7309. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita Verma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Rajesh K. Patidar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnesh Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jaya Baranwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravichandiran Velayutham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, New Transit Campus, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Mendes E, Aljnadi IM, Bahls B, Victor BL, Paulo A. Major Achievements in the Design of Quadruplex-Interactive Small Molecules. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:300. [PMID: 35337098 PMCID: PMC8953082 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic small molecules that can recognize and bind to G-quadruplex and i-Motif nucleic acids have great potential as selective drugs or as tools in drug target discovery programs, or even in the development of nanodevices for medical diagnosis. Hundreds of quadruplex-interactive small molecules have been reported, and the challenges in their design vary with the intended application. Herein, we survey the major achievements on the therapeutic potential of such quadruplex ligands, their mode of binding, effects upon interaction with quadruplexes, and consider the opportunities and challenges for their exploitation in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (I.M.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Israa M. Aljnadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (I.M.A.); (B.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Bárbara Bahls
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (I.M.A.); (B.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Bruno L. Victor
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Alexandra Paulo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.M.); (I.M.A.); (B.B.)
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Jiang J, Teunens T, Tisaun J, Denuit L, Moucheron C. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes and Their Use as Probes and Photoreactive Agents for G-quadruplexes Labelling. Molecules 2022; 27:1541. [PMID: 35268640 PMCID: PMC8912042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their optical and electrochemical properties, ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have been used in a wide array of applications. Since the discovery of the light-switch ON effect of [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ when interacting with DNA, the design of new Ru(II) complexes as light-up probes for specific regions of DNA has been intensively explored. Amongst them, G-quadruplexes (G4s) are of particular interest. These structures formed by guanine-rich parts of DNA and RNA may be associated with a wide range of biological events. However, locating them and understanding their implications in biological pathways has proven challenging. Elegant approaches to tackle this challenge relies on the use of photoprobes capable of marking, reversibly or irreversibly, these G4s. Indeed, Ru(II) complexes containing ancillary π-deficient TAP ligands can create a covalently linked adduct with G4s after a photoinduced electron transfer from a guanine residue to the excited complex. Through careful design of the ligands, high selectivity of interaction with G4 structures can be achieved. This allows the creation of specific Ru(II) light-up probes and photoreactive agents for G4 labelling, which is at the core of this review composed of an introduction dedicated to a brief description of G-quadruplex structures and two main sections. The first one will provide a general picture of ligands and metal complexes interacting with G4s. The second one will focus on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the interactions and (photo)reactions of Ru(II) complexes with G4s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Jiang
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Tisaun
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Laura Denuit
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (J.J.); (T.T.); (J.T.); (L.D.)
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7
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Gillard M, Weynand J, Bonnet H, Loiseau F, Decottignies A, Dejeu J, Defrancq E, Elias B. Flexible Ru
II
Schiff Base Complexes: G‐Quadruplex DNA Binding and Photo‐Induced Cancer Cell Death. Chemistry 2020; 26:13849-13860. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gillard
- Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN) Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Justin Weynand
- Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN) Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5250 Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) CS 40700-38058 Grenoble France
| | - Hugues Bonnet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5250 Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) CS 40700-38058 Grenoble France
| | - Frédérique Loiseau
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5250 Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) CS 40700-38058 Grenoble France
| | - Anabelle Decottignies
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) de Duve Institute Avenue Hippocrate 75 1200 Brussels Belgium
| | - Jérôme Dejeu
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5250 Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) CS 40700-38058 Grenoble France
| | - Eric Defrancq
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5250 Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) CS 40700-38058 Grenoble France
| | - Benjamin Elias
- Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN) Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, bte L4.01.02 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
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8
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Lemkul JA. Same fold, different properties: polarizable molecular dynamics simulations of telomeric and TERRA G-quadruplexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:561-575. [PMID: 31807754 PMCID: PMC6954416 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA and RNA sequences rich in guanine can fold into noncanonical structures called G-quadruplexes (GQs), which exhibit a common stem structure of Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonded guanine tetrads and diverse loop structures. GQ sequence motifs are overrepresented in promoters, origins of replication, telomeres, and untranslated regions in mRNA, suggesting roles in modulating gene expression and preserving genomic integrity. Given these roles and unique aspects of different structures, GQs are attractive targets for drug design, but greater insight into GQ folding pathways and the interactions stabilizing them is required. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to study two bimolecular GQs, a telomeric DNA GQ and the analogous telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) GQ. We applied the Drude polarizable force field, which we show outperforms the additive CHARMM36 force field in both ion retention and maintenance of the GQ folds. The polarizable simulations reveal that the GQs bind bulk K+ ions differently, and that the TERRA GQ accumulates more K+ ions, suggesting different ion interactions stabilize these structures. Nucleobase dipole moments vary as a function of position and also contribute to ion binding. Finally, we show that the TERRA GQ is more sensitive than the telomeric DNA GQ to water-mediated modulation of ion-induced dipole-dipole interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Lemkul
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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9
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Saha P, Panda D, Müller D, Maity A, Schwalbe H, Dash J. In situ formation of transcriptional modulators using non-canonical DNA i-motifs. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2058-2067. [PMID: 32180928 PMCID: PMC7047845 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00514b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, i-motif DNA-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles are used as templates to promote the in situ cycloaddition generating specific binders for i-motifs.
Non-canonical DNA i-motifs and G-quadruplexes are postulated as genetic switches for the transcriptional regulation of proto-oncogenes. However, in comparison to G-quadruplexes, the therapeutic potential of i-motifs is less explored. The development of i-motif selective ligands by conventional approaches is challenging due to the structural complexity of i-motifs. The target guided synthetic (TGS) approach involving in situ cycloaddition could provide specific ligands for these dynamic DNA structures. Herein, we have used i-motif forming C-rich DNA and their complementary G-quadruplex forming DNA sequences of c-MYC and BCL2 promoter regions as well as a control self-complementary duplex DNA sequence as the templates to generate selective ligands from a pool of reactive azide–alkyne building blocks. In our approach, thiolated DNA targets are immobilized on the surface of gold-coated iron nanoparticles to enable efficient isolation of the newly generated ligands from the solution mixture by simple magnetic decantation. The combinatorial in situ cycloaddition generated cell-membrane permeable triazole leads for respective DNA targets (c-MYC and BCL2 i-motifs and G-quadruplexes) that selectively promote their formation. In vitro cellular studies reveal that the c-MYC i-motif and G-quadruplex leads downregulate c-MYC gene expression whereas the BCL2 i-motif lead upregulates and the BCL2 G-quadruplex lead represses BCL2 gene expression. The TGS strategy using i-motif DNA nanotemplates represents a promising platform for the direct in situ formation of i-motif specific ligands for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata-700032 , India .
| | - Deepanjan Panda
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata-700032 , India .
| | - Diana Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ) , Goethe University , Max-von-Laue Strasse 7 , Frankfurt , D-60438 , Germany
| | - Arunabha Maity
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata-700032 , India .
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ) , Goethe University , Max-von-Laue Strasse 7 , Frankfurt , D-60438 , Germany
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata-700032 , India .
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10
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Satheeshkumar R, Rajamanikandan R, Ilanchelian M, Sayin K, Prasad KJR. Synthesis of novel 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives and it used as probes for sensitive detection of Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ metal ions - Spectroscopic and theoretical approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 221:117196. [PMID: 31170603 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of unexpected 1,10-phenanthrolinederivatives were synthesized from 2,3-dihydroacridin-4(1H)-ones with 3-aminonaphthalen-2-carboxylic acid in presence of phosphorus oxychloride at 130°C and simple perceptive emission intensity increasing assay was developed effectively to detect the very low concentrations of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions. Emission intensity of compounds 3(a-c) directly related to the concentrations of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions was due to metal chelating enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect and also its further validated by fluorescence lifetime measurement. Furthermore, the sensing mechanism for compounds 3(a-c) of Zn2+ and Cd2+ were sustained by theoretical calculations. Computational analysis results reveals that compounds 3(a-c) are more interested in Zn2+ ions than that of Cd2+ ions, while, compound 3c is more interested with Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions than those of the rest of the compounds. In addition, this proposed detection analysis has the direct application for monitoring Zn2+ and Cd2+ concentrations in tap and drinking water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramar Rajamanikandan
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Koray Sayin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey; Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
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11
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Huang GB, Chen S, Qin QP, Luo JR, Tan MX, Wang ZF, Zou BQ, Liang H. Preparation of platinum(II) complexes with naphthalene imide derivatives and exploration of their in vitro cytotoxic activities. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Verma S, Ghuge SA, Ravichandiran V, Ranjan N. Spectroscopic studies of Thioflavin-T binding to c-Myc G-quadruplex DNA. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 212:388-395. [PMID: 30703662 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes are well-known DNA secondary structures which can be formed both within the DNA and the RNA sequences of the human genome. While many functions of G-quadruplex during cell regulatory events are still unknown, a number of reports have established their role in finding new cancer therapies. In this report, we provide a detailed account of Thioflavin T (ThT) interacting with a promoter gene (c-Myc) which has relevance in several types of human cancers. Using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, we have shown that the binding of ThT is selective to c-Myc G-quadruplex only, having poor interactions with the duplex DNA sequences. UV-Visible titration experiments show that binding involves stacking interactions which were further corroborated by CD experiments. Fluorescence studies showed that the binding of ThT to c-Myc G-quadruplex results in a large increase in the fluorescence emission spectrum of c-Myc G-quadruplex while the same to duplex DNAs was much poor. Binding of ThT to c-Myc G-quadruplex results in thermal stabilization of the quadruplex DNA by up to 7.4 °C and Job plot experiments demonstrated the presence of 1:1 and 2:1 ligand to quadruplex complexes. Finally, the docking study suggested that ThT stacks with the guanine bases in one of the grooves which is in agreement with the CD studies. These results are expected to provide leads into the design of new ThT analogs and derivatives for enhancing the stability and selectivity of new G-quadruplex targeting ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Verma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, ITI Compound, Raebareli 229010, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Sandip A Ghuge
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - V Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, ITI Compound, Raebareli 229010, India.
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13
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Ma Y, Iida K, Sasaki S, Hirokawa T, Heddi B, Phan AT, Nagasawa K. Synthesis and Telomeric G-Quadruplex-Stabilizing Ability of Macrocyclic Hexaoxazoles Bearing Three Side Chains. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020263. [PMID: 30642002 PMCID: PMC6358838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s), which are structures formed in guanine-rich regions of DNA, are involved in a variety of significant biological functions, and therefore “sequence-dependent” selective G4-stabilizing agents are required as tools to investigate and modulate these functions. Here, we describe the synthesis of a new series of macrocyclic hexaoxazole-type G4 ligand (6OTD) bearing three side chains. One of these ligands, 5b, stabilizes telomeric G4 preferentially over the G4-forming DNA sequences of c-kit and K-ras, due to the interaction of its piperazinylalkyl side chain with the groove of telomeric G4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Iida
- Department of Chemistry, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Shogo Sasaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Takatsugu Hirokawa
- Transborder Medical Reserch Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
- Division of Biomedical Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ward, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan.
| | - Brahim Heddi
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie appliquée, CNRS UMR 8113, ENS paris-saclay 60 avenue du president Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France.
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| | - Anh Tuân Phan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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14
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Novel tacrine platinum(II) complexes display high anticancer activity via inhibition of telomerase activity, dysfunction of mitochondria, and activation of the p53 signaling pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:106-122. [PMID: 30205260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we designed and synthesized tacrine platinum(II) complexes [PtClL(DMSO)]⋅CH3OH (Pt1), [PtClL(DMP)] (Pt2), [PtClL(DPPTH)] (Pt3), [PtClL(PTH)] (Pt4), [PtClL(PIPTH)] (Pt5), [PtClL(PM)] (Pt6) and [PtClL(en)] (Pt7) with 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (DMP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (DPPTH), 1,10-phenanthroline (PTH), 2-(1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde) imidazo [4,5-f]-[1,10] phenanthroline (PIPTH), 2-picolylamine (PM) and 1,2-ethylenediamine (en) as telomerase inhibitors and p53 activators. Biological evaluations demonstrated that Pt1Pt7 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the tested NCIH460, Hep-G2, SK-OV-3, SK-OV-3/DDP and MGC80-3 cancer cell lines, with Pt5 displaying the highest cytotoxicity. Pt5 exhibited an IC50 value of 0.13 ± 0.16 μM against SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells and significantly reduced tumor growth in a Hep-G2 xenograft mouse model (tumor growth inhibition (TGI) = 40.8%, p < 0.05) at a dose of 15.0 mg/kg. Interestingly, Pt1Pt7 displayed low cytotoxicity against normal HL-7702 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that these compounds caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and S phases, and regulated the expression of CDK2, cyclin A, p21, p53 and p27. Further mechanistic studies showed that Pt5 induced SK-OV3/DDP cell apoptosis via dysfunction of mitochondria, inhibition of the telomerase activity by directly targeting the c-myc promoter, and activation of the p53 signaling pathway. Taken together, Pt5 has the potential to be further developed as a new antitumor drug.
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15
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Ethyl-substitutive Thioflavin T as a highly-specific fluorescence probe for detecting G-quadruplex structure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2666. [PMID: 29422637 PMCID: PMC5805748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex has attracted considerable attention due to their prevalent distribution in functional genomic regions and transcripts, which can importantly influence biological processes such as regulation of telomere maintenance, gene transcription and gene translation. Artificial receptor study has been developed for accurate identification of G-quadruplex from DNA species, since it is important for the G-quadruplex related basic research, clinical diagnosis, and therapy. Herein, fluorescent dye ThT-E, a derivative of the known fluorescence probe Thioflavin T (ThT), was designed and synthesized to effectively differentiate various G-quadruplex structures from other nucleic acid forms. Compared with methyl groups in ThT, three ethyl groups were introduced to ThT-E, which leads to strengthened affinity, selectivity and little inducing effect on the G-quadruplex formation. More importantly, ThT-E could be served as a visual tool to directly differentiate G-quadruplex solution even with naked eyes under illumination of ultraviolet light. Thus, this probe reported herein may hold great promise for high-throughput assay to screen G-quadruplex, which may widely apply to G-quadruplex-based potential diagnosis and therapy.
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16
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Carvalho J, Quintela T, Gueddouda NM, Bourdoncle A, Mergny JL, Salgado GF, Queiroz JA, Cruz C. Phenanthroline polyazamacrocycles as G-quadruplex DNA binders. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2776-2786. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00247a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several phenanthroline polyazamacrocycles are proposed as ligands for c-MYC and telomeric G-quadruplex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Carvalho
- CICS-UBI – Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde
- Universidade da Beira Interior
- 6200-506 Covilhã
- Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI – Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde
- Universidade da Beira Interior
- 6200-506 Covilhã
- Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | - João A. Queiroz
- CICS-UBI – Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde
- Universidade da Beira Interior
- 6200-506 Covilhã
- Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI – Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde
- Universidade da Beira Interior
- 6200-506 Covilhã
- Portugal
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17
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Zheng XH, Nie X, Fang Y, Zhang Z, Xiao Y, Mao Z, Liu H, Ren J, Wang F, Xia L, Huang J, Zhao Y. A Cisplatin Derivative Tetra-Pt(bpy) as an Oncotherapeutic Agent for Targeting ALT Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:3752362. [PMID: 28521363 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In approximately 15% of human cancers, telomere length is maintained independently of telomerase by the homologous recombination (HR)-mediated alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway. Whether the ALT pathway can be exploited for therapeutic treatment remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to develop oncotherapeutic agent to target ALT cancers. Methods Surface plasmon resonance assay, antibody to G-quadruplex, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to discover Tetra-Pt(bpy), a cisplatin derivative that specifically targets telomeric G-quadruplex. We used immunofluorescence, FISH, C-circle assay, and chromosome orientation FISH to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Tetra-Pt(bpy) on ALT activity in human ALT cancers. The shortening of telomere length induced by Tetra-Pt(bpy) was determined by telomere restriction fragment or Q-FISH. Cell destination after Tetra-Pt(bpy) treatment was determined by β-gal staining or apoptosis assay. Nude mice (n = 4 per group) were injected with U2OS cells to evaluate the effects of Tetra-Pt(bpy) on tumor growth. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Tetra-Pt(bpy) inhibits the strand invasion/annealing step of telomeric homologous recombination by selectively converting telomeric ssDNA to a G-quadruplex. ALT-cells treated with Tetra-Pt(bpy) show fewer ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies (untreated: mean±SD = 5.9±0.2 vs treated: mean±SD = 3.1±0.1, P < .001), fewer extrachromosomal C-circles (untreated: mean±SD = 100.5±1.6 vs treated: mean±SD = 18.0±1.7, P < .001), and reduced telomere sister chromatin exchanges (untreated: mean±SD = 25.2%±1.5% vs treated: mean±SD = 13.1%±1.9%, P < .001). Consequently, critically short telomeres accumulate after multiple population doublings (untreated: mean±SD = 18.9%±1.7% vs treated: mean±SD = 57.4%±2.2%, P < .001), resulting in cell death by apoptosis or senescence. In vivo, Tetra-Pt(bpy) severely inhibits the growth of ALT-cell xenograft tumors in mice (untreated: mean±SD = 57.1±3.7 mm 3 vs treated: mean±SD = 19.0±3.2 mm 3 , P < .001). Importantly, Tetra-Pt(bpy) exhibits no adverse effects on proliferation, gene expression, or telomere metabolism in normal cells. Conclusions These results reveal the potential of Tetra-Pt(bpy) as a novel oncotherapeutic agent for targeting ALT cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China; Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xin Nie
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Fang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yingnan Xiao
- School of basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zongwan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Computing, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Xia
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China; Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Computing, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
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18
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Gresh N, Naseem-Khan S, Lagardère L, Piquemal JP, Sponer JE, Sponer J. Channeling through Two Stacked Guanine Quartets of One and Two Alkali Cations in the Li +, Na +, K +, and Rb + Series. Assessment of the Accuracy of the SIBFA Anisotropic Polarizable Molecular Mechanics Potential. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:3997-4014. [PMID: 28363025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stacking of guanine quartets (GQs) can trigger the formation of DNA or RNA quadruple helices, which play numerous biochemical roles. The GQs are stabilized by alkali cations, mainly K+ and Na+, which can reside in, or channel through, the central axis of the GQ stems. Further, ion conduction through GQ wires can be leveraged for nanochemistry applications. G-quadruplex systems have been extensively studied by classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using pair-additive force fields or by quantum-chemical (QC) calculations. However, the non-polarizable force fields are very approximate, while QC calculations lack the necessary sampling. Thus, ultimate description of GQ systems would require long-enough simulations using advanced polarizable molecular mechanics (MM). However, to perform such calculations, it is first mandatory to evaluate the method's accuracy using benchmark QC. We report such an evaluation for SIBFA polarizable MM, bearing on the channeling (movement) of an alkali cation (Li+, Na+, K+, or Rb+) along the axis of two stacked G quartets interacting with either one or two ions. The QC energy profiles display markedly different features depending upon the cation but can be retrieved in the majority of cases by the SIBFA profiles. An appropriate balance of first-order (electrostatic and short-range repulsion) and second-order (polarization, charge-transfer, and dispersion) contributions within ΔE is mandatory. With two cations in the channel, the relative weights of the second-order contributions increase steadily upon increasing the ion size. In the G8 complexes with two K+ or two Rb+ cations, the sum of polarization and charge-transfer exceeds the first order terms for all ion positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohad Gresh
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Universités , UPMC, UMR7616 CNRS, 75006Paris, France
| | - Sehr Naseem-Khan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Universités , UPMC, UMR7616 CNRS, 75006Paris, France
| | - Louis Lagardère
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Universités , UPMC, UMR7616 CNRS, 75006Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philip Piquemal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Sorbonne Universités , UPMC, UMR7616 CNRS, 75006Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris Cedex 05, 75231, France.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas, 78712, United States
| | - Judit E Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Kralovpolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Kralovpolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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19
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Uda RM, Matsui T, Takei M. Binding of malachite green promotes stability and shows preference for a human telomere DNA G-quadruplex. Supramol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1297447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko M. Uda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yamato-koriyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yamato-koriyama, Japan
| | - Michiko Takei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yamato-koriyama, Japan
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20
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Synthesis and evaluation of 7-substituted-5,6-dihydrobenzo[c]acridine derivatives as new c-KIT promoter G-quadruplex binding ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:458-471. [PMID: 28284084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that treatment of cancer cells with c-KIT G-quadruplex binding ligands can reduce their c-KIT expression levels thus inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Herein, a series of new 7-substituted-5,6-dihydrobenzo[c]acridine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Subsequent biophysical evaluation demonstrated that the derivatives could effectively bind to and stabilize c-KIT G-quadruplex with good selectivity against duplex DNA. It was found that 12-N-methylated derivatives with a positive charge introduced at 12-position of 5,6-dihydrobenzo[c]acridine ring had similar binding affinity but lower stabilizing ability to c-KIT G-quadruplex DNA, compared with those of nonmethylated derivatives. Further molecular modeling studies showed possible binding modes of G-quadruplex with the ligands. RT-PCR assay and Western blot showed that compound 2b suppressed transcription and translation of c-KIT gene in K562 cells, which was consistent with the property of an effective G-quadruplex binding ligand targeting c-KIT oncogene promoter. Further biological evaluation showed that compound 2b could induce apoptosis through activation of the caspase-3 cascade pathway.
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21
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Bag SS, Pradhan MK, Talukdar S. Tetrazolylpyrene unnatural nucleoside as a human telomeric multimeric G-quadruplex selective switch-on fluorescent sensor. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:10145-10150. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02433a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Specific sensing of dimeric H45 G-quadruplex DNA using a fluorescence light-up probe, tetrazolylpyrene nucleoside (TzPyBDo), is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Sekhar Bag
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- North Guwhati-781039
- India
| | - Manoj Kumar Pradhan
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- North Guwhati-781039
- India
| | - Sangita Talukdar
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- North Guwhati-781039
- India
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22
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Bhattacharjee S, Chakraborty S, Sengupta PK, Bhowmik S. Exploring the Interactions of the Dietary Plant Flavonoids Fisetin and Naringenin with G-Quadruplex and Duplex DNA, Showing Contrasting Binding Behavior: Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Approaches. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:8942-52. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snehasish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sandipan Chakraborty
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Pradeep K. Sengupta
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sudipta Bhowmik
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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23
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Maji B, Kumar K, Muniyappa K, Bhattacharya S. New dimeric carbazole-benzimidazole mixed ligands for the stabilization of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA and as telomerase inhibitors. A remarkable influence of the spacer. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:8335-48. [PMID: 26149178 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00675a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of G-quadruplex (G4) DNA binding small molecules has become an important strategy for selectively targeting cancer cells. Herein, we report the design and evolution of a new kind of carbazole-based benzimidazole dimers for their efficient telomerase inhibition activity. Spectroscopic titrations reveal the ligands high affinity toward the G4 DNA with significantly higher selectivity over duplex-DNA. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay shows that the ligands efficiently promote the formation of G4 DNA even at a lower concentration of the stabilizing K(+) ions. The TRAP-LIG assay demonstrates the ligand's potential telomerase inhibition activity and also establishes that the activity proceeds via G4 DNA stabilization. An efficient nuclear internalization of the ligands in several common cancer cells (HeLa, HT1080, and A549) also enabled differentiation between normal HFF cells in co-cultures of cancer and normal ones. The ligands induce significant apoptotic response and antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells selectively when compared to the normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Maji
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.
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24
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Lu YJ, Deng Q, Hou JQ, Hu DP, Wang ZY, Zhang K, Luyt LG, Wong WL, Chow CF. Molecular Engineering of Thiazole Orange Dye: Change of Fluorescent Signaling from Universal to Specific upon Binding with Nucleic Acids in Bioassay. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1019-29. [PMID: 26752011 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The universal fluorescent staining property of thiazole orange (TO) dye was adapted in order to be specific for G-quadruplex DNA structures, through the introduction of a styrene-like substituent at the ortho-position of the TO scaffold. This extraordinary outcome was determined from experimental studies and further explored through molecular docking studies. The molecular docking studies help understand how such a small substituent leads to remarkable fluorescent signal discrimination between G-quadruplex DNA and other types of nucleic acids. The results reveal that the modified dyes bind to the G-quadruplex or duplex DNA in a similar fashion as TO, but exhibit either enhanced or quenched fluorescent signal, which is determined by the spatial length and orientation of the substituent and has never been known. The new fluorescent dye modified with a p-(dimethylamino)styryl substituent offers 10-fold more selectivity toward telomeric G-quadruplexes than double-stranded DNA substrates. In addition, native PAGE experiments, FRET, CD analysis, and live cell imaging were also studied and demonstrated the potential applications of this class of thiazole-orange-based fluorescent probes in bioassays and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jing Lu
- Institute
of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering
and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Institute
of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering
and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Jin-Qiang Hou
- London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Dong-Ping Hu
- Institute
of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering
and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Ya Wang
- Institute
of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering
and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute
of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering
and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Leonard G. Luyt
- London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6A 4L6, Canada
- Departments
of Oncology, Chemistry, Medical Imaging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- Department
of Science and Environmental Studies, Centre for Education in Environmental
Sustainability, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping
Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples’ Republic of China
| | - Cheuk-Fai Chow
- Department
of Science and Environmental Studies, Centre for Education in Environmental
Sustainability, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping
Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, Peoples’ Republic of China
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25
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Gama S, Rodrigues I, Mendes F, Santos IC, Gabano E, Klejevskaja B, Gonzalez-Garcia J, Ravera M, Vilar R, Paulo A. Anthracene-terpyridine metal complexes as new G-quadruplex DNA binders. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 160:275-86. [PMID: 27267415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of quadruple-stranded DNA induced by planar metal complexes has particular interest in the development of novel anticancer drugs. This is especially relevant for the inhibition of telomerase, which plays an essential role in cancer cell immortalization and is overexpressed in ca. 85-90% of cancer cells. Moreover, G-quadruplexes also exist in other locations in the human genome, namely oncogene promoter regions, and it has been hypothesized that they play a regulatory role in gene transcription. Herein we report a series of new anthracene-containing terpyridine ligands and the corresponding Cu(II) and Pt(II) complexes, with different linkers between the anthracenyl moiety and the terpyridine chelating unit. The interaction of these ligands and metal complexes with different topologies of DNA was studied by several biophysical techniques. The Pt(II) and Cu(II) complexes tested showed affinity for quadruplex-forming sequences with a good selectivity over duplex DNA. Importantly, the free ligands do not have significant affinity for any of the DNA sequences used, which shows that the presence of the metal is essential for high affinity (and selectivity). This effect is more evident in the case of the Pt(II) complexes. Moreover, the presence of a longer linker between the chelating terpyridine unit and the anthracene moiety enhances the interaction with G-quadruplex-forming sequences. We further evaluated the ability of the Cu(II) complexes to interact with, and stabilize G-quadruplex containing regions in oncogene promoters via a polymerase stop assay. These studies indicated that the metal complexes are able to induce G-quadruplex formation and stop polymerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gama
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Inês Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elisabetta Gabano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Beata Klejevskaja
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Mauro Ravera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Ramon Vilar
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C(2)TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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26
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Lin D, Fei X, Gu Y, Wang C, Tang Y, Li R, Zhou J. A benzindole substituted carbazole cyanine dye: a novel targeting fluorescent probe for parallel c-myc G-quadruplexes. Analyst 2016; 140:5772-80. [PMID: 26176020 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00866b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Many organic ligands were synthesized to recognize G-quadruplexes. However, different kinds of G-quadruplexes (G4s) possess different structures and functions. Therefore, selective recognition of certain types of G4s is important for the study of G4s. In this paper, a novel cyanine dye, 3-(2-(4-vinylpyridine))-6-(2-((1-(4-sulfobutyl))-3,3-dimethyl-2-vinylbenz[e]indole)-9-ethyl-carbazole (9E PBIC), composed of benzindole and carbazole was designed and synthesised. The studies on UV-vis and fluorescence properties of the dye with different DNA forms showed that the dye exhibits almost no fluorescence under aqueous buffer conditions, but it increased over 100 fold in the presence of c-myc G4 and 10-30 fold in the presence of other G4s, while little in the presence of single/double-stranded DNA, indicating that it has excellent selectivity to c-myc 2345 G4. For the binding studies the dye is interacted with the c-myc 2345 G-quadruplex by using the end-stack binding model. It can be said that the dye is an excellent targeting fluorescent probe for c-myc G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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27
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New pyridinium-based fluorescent dyes: A comparison of symmetry and side-group effects on G-Quadruplex DNA binding selectivity and application in live cell imaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:373-381. [PMID: 26994364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of C1-, C2-and C3-symmetric pyridinium conjugates with different styrene-like side groups were synthesized and were utilized as G-quadruplex selective fluorescent probes. The new compounds were well-characterized. Their selectivity, sensitivity, and stability towards G-quadruplex were studied by fluorescence titration, native PAGE experiments, FRET and circular dichroism (CD) analyses. These new compounds investigated in the fluorescence assays were preferentially bound with G-quadruplex DNA compared with other type of nucleic acids and it is fascinating to realize the effects of molecular symmetry and associated side groups showing unexpectedly great influence on the fluorescent signal enhancement for the discrimination of G-quadruplexes DNA from other nucleic acids. This may correlate with the pocket symmetry and shape of the G-quadruplex DNA inherently. Among the compounds, a C2-symmetric dye (2,6-bis-((E)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-vinyl)-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide) with indolyl-groups substituted was screened out from the series giving the best selectivity and sensitivity towards G-quadruplexes DNA, particularly telo21, due to its high equilibrium binding constant (K=2.17×10(5)M(-1)). In addition, the limit of detection (LOD) of the dye to determine telo21 DNA in bioassays was found as low as 33nM. The results of the study give insight and certain crucial factors, such as molecular symmetry and the associated side groups, on developing of effective fluorescent dyes for G-quadruplex DNA applications including G-quadruplex structure stabilization, biosensing and clinical applications. The compound was also demonstrated as a very selective G-quadruplex fluorescent agent for living cell staining and imaging.
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28
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Zheng XH, Mu G, Zhong YF, Zhang TP, Cao Q, Ji LN, Zhao Y, Mao ZW. Trigeminal star-like platinum complexes induce cancer cell senescence through quadruplex-mediated telomere dysfunction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14101-14104. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Trigeminal star-like platinum complexes induce cancer cell senescence through quadruplex-mediated telomeric DNA damage and telomere end-loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Ge Mu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Yi-Fang Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Tian-Peng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences
- SunYat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences
- SunYat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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29
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Guo Y, Yao W, Xie Y, Zhou X, Hu J, Pei R. Logic gates based on G-quadruplexes: principles and sensor applications. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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A Selective G-Quadruplex DNA-Stabilizing Ligand Based on a Cyclic Naphthalene Diimide Derivative. Molecules 2015; 20:10963-79. [PMID: 26076114 PMCID: PMC6272171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A cyclic naphthalene diimide (cyclic NDI, 1), carrying a benzene moiety as linker chain, was synthesized and its interaction with G-quadruplex DNAs of a-core and a-coreTT as a human telomeric DNA, c-kit and c-myc as DNA sequence at promoter region, or thrombin-binding aptamer (TBA) studied based on UV-VIS and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques, thermal melting temperature measurement, and FRET-melting assay. The circular dichroism spectra showed that 1 induced the formation of different types of G-quadruplex DNA structure. Compound 1 bound to these G-quadruplexes with affinities in the range of 106–107 M−1 order and a 2:1 stoichiometry. Compound 1 showed 270-fold higher selectivity for a-core than dsDNA with a preferable a-core binding than a-coreTT, c-kit, c-myc and TBA in the presence of K+, which is supported by thermal melting studies. The FRET-melting assay also showed that 1 bound preferentially to human telomeric DNA. Compound 1 showed potent inhibition against telomerase activity with an IC50 value of 0.9 μM and preferable binding to G-quadruplexes DNA than our previously published cyclic NDI derivative 3 carrying a benzene moiety as longer linker chain.
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31
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Marchetti C, Minarini A, Tumiatti V, Moraca F, Parrotta L, Alcaro S, Rigo R, Sissi C, Gunaratnam M, Ohnmacht SA, Neidle S, Milelli A. Macrocyclic naphthalene diimides as G-quadruplex binders. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3819-30. [PMID: 25935290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, biological and molecular modeling evaluation of a series of macrocyclic naphthalene diimides is reported. The present investigation expands on the study of structure-activity relationships of prototype compound 2 by constraining the molecule into a macrocyclic structure with the aim of improving its G-quadruplex binding activity and selectivity. The new derivatives, compounds 4-7 carry spermidine- and spermine-like linkers while in compound 8 the inner basic nitrogen atoms of spermine have been replaced with oxygen atoms. The design strategy has led to potent compounds stabilizing both human telomeric (F21T) and c-KIT2 quadruplex sequences, and high selectivity for quadruplex in comparison to duplex DNA. Antiproliferative effects of the new derivatives 4-8 have been evaluated in a panel of cancer cell lines and all the tested compounds showed activity in the low micromolar or sub-micromolar range of concentrations. In order to rationalize the molecular basis of the DNA G-quadruplex versus duplex recognition preference, docking and molecular dynamics studies have been performed. The computational results support the observation that the main driving force in the recognition is due to electrostatic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Marchetti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini Campus, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università 'Magna Græcia' di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Parrotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università 'Magna Græcia' di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università 'Magna Græcia' di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rigo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Sissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Stephen Neidle
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini Campus, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
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32
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Zhao T, Wang YL, Zhu LN, Huo YF, Wang YJ, Kong DM. A water-soluble cationic porphyrin showing pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity and DNA photocleavage activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05970d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A new water-soluble cationic porphyrin was synthesized. It shows pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity against duplex DNA, pH-dependent photocleavage activity towards duplex DNA and pH-dependent phototoxicity to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Ya-Ling Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yan-Fang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)
- College of Life Sciences
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
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33
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Rajawinslin RR, Ichake SS, Kavala V, Gawande SD, Huang YH, Kuo CW, Yao CF. Iron/acetic acid mediated synthesis of 6,7-dihydrodibenzo[b,j][1,7]phenanthroline derivatives via intramolecular reductive cyclization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient iron/acetic acid mediated intramolecular reductive cyclization protocol was developed for the synthesis of novel 6,7-dihydrodibenzo[b,j][1,7]phenanthroline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Rajawinslin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
| | - Sachin S. Ichake
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
| | | | - Sachin D. Gawande
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
| | - Chun-Wei Kuo
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan Normal University
- Taipei-116
- ROC
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34
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Ilyinsky NS, Varizhuk AM, Beniaminov AD, Puzanov MA, Shchyolkina AK, Kaluzhny DN. G-quadruplex ligands: Mechanisms of anticancer action and target binding. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314060077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Targeting G-quadruplex nucleic acids with heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:538-51. [PMID: 25466923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex nucleic acids or G-quadruplexes (G4s) are four-stranded DNA or RNA secondary structures that are formed in guanine-rich sequences. They are widely distributed in functional regions of the human genome, such as telomeres, ribosomal DNA (rDNA), transcription start sites, promoter regions and untranslated regions of mRNA, suggesting that G-quadruplex structures may play a pivotal role in the control of a variety of cellular processes. G-Quadruplexes are viewed as valid therapeutic targets in human cancer diseases. Small molecules, from naturally occurring to synthetic, are exploited to specifically target G-quadruplexes and have proven to be a new class of anticancer agents. Notably, alkaloids are an important source of G-quadruplex ligands and have significant bioactivities in anticancer therapy. In this review, the authors provide a brief, up-to-date summary of heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives targeting G-quadruplexes.
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36
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DNA binders in clinical trials and chemotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:4506-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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37
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Zhang PZ, Yang HL, Li CC, Xia ZC, Wang XM, Wei H, Rong RX, Cao ZR, Wang KR, Chen H, Li XL. Synthesis of novel, azasugar-modified anthraquinone derivatives and their cytotoxicity. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Yu Q, Liu Y, Xu L, Zheng C, Le F, Qin X, Liu Y, Liu J. Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes: cellular uptake, cell image and apoptosis of HeLa cancer cells induced by double targets. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:82-95. [PMID: 24878637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that ruthenium complexes have relatively strong anticancer activity, cell uptake of drugs have a crucial impact on the pharmacological activity, using autofluorescence of ruthenium complexes could effectively track cancer cells and drug distribution, transport accurately in real time. In this work, we present the synthesis and detailed characterization of two novel Ru(II) complexes with hydrophobic ancillary ligands, namely [Ru(bpy)2(5-idip)](2+) (RBD) and [Ru(phen)2(5-idip)](2+) (RPD) (5-idip = 2-indole-[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline). We have shown that RPD can enter the HeLa cells efficiently through non-endocytotic, but energy-dependent mechanism and first accumulated in lysosomes, and then escape from the lysosomes and localize within the nuclei, efficiently lead to the inhibition of DNA transcription and translation and induced cell apoptosis. Further studies on the mechanism of apoptosis in HeLa cells demonstrate that RPD is able to induce mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells through activation of initiator caspase-9 and down-stream effector caspase-3 and -7 and cleavage of PARP. We have also demonstrated that RPD bind to telomeric G-quadruplex DNA effectively and selectively, together with increased p21 and p16 expression. Our findings suggest that RPD induces HeLa cell apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway and inhibition of telomerase activity. RPD may be a candidate for further evaluation as a chemotherapeutic agent for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department ABCT, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuping Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fangling Le
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuying Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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39
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Yu HJ, Yu L, Hao ZF, Zhao Y. Interactions of ruthenium complexes containing indoloquinoline moiety with human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 124:187-193. [PMID: 24486786 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplex structures are attractive targets for the development of anticancer drugs, as their formation in human telomere could impair telomerase activity, thus inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Vast majority of G-quadruplex binding molecules have been designed and synthesized. Ruthenium complexes have also been reported to induction or stabilization of G-quadruplex structure of human telomeric sequence, whereas most of them generally promote the formation of antiparallel or hybrid-type G-quadruplex structure. Ruthenium complex that selectively promotes the formation of parallel G-quadruplex structure has rarely been reported. We reported here the interaction of two ruthenium complexes [Ru(bpy)2(mitatp)](2+)1 and [Ru(phen)2(mitatp)](2+)2 (bpy=2,2' bipyridine, phen=1,10-phenanthroline, mitatp=5-methoxy-isatino[1,2-b]-1,4,8,9-tetraazatriphenylene) containing indoloquinoline moiety with human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA (Telo22). Complex 1 binds to Telo22 tightly via a stable π-π stacking interaction and efficiently stabilizes the G-quadruplex structure. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra titration results suggest that complex 1 could induce Telo22 to fold into antiparallel G-quadruplex conformation. Complex 2 exhibits moderate G-quadruplex binding and stabilizing ability, while CD titration data reveals that complex 2 could promote the formation of parallel G-quadruplex structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-juan Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Lin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhi-feng Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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40
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Maji B, Bhattacharya S. Advances in the molecular design of potential anticancer agents via targeting of human telomeric DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6422-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase is an attractive drug target to develop new generation drugs against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Maji
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012, India
- Chemical Biology Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
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41
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Targeting human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA and inhibition of telomerase activity with [(dmb)2Ru(obip)Ru(dmb)2](4+). PLoS One 2013; 8:e84419. [PMID: 24386376 PMCID: PMC3874006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of telomerase by inducing/stabilizing G-quadruplex formation is a promising strategy to design new anticancer drugs. We synthesized and characterized a new dinuclear complex [(dmb)2Ru(obip)Ru(dmb)2]4+ (dmb = 4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine, obip = (2-(2-pyridyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) with high affinity for both antiparallel and mixed parallel / antiparallel G-quadruplex DNA. This complex can promote the formation and stabilize G-quadruplex DNA. Dialysis and TRAP experiments indicated that [(dmb)2Ru(obip)Ru(dmb)2]4+ acted as an excellent telomerase inhibitor due to its obvious selectivity for G-quadruplex DNA rather than double stranded DNA. In vitro co-culture experiments implied that [(dmb)2Ru(obip)Ru(dmb)2]4+ inhibited telomerase activity and hindered cancer cell proliferation without side effects to normal fibroblast cells. TUNEL assay indicated that inhibition of telomerase activity induced DNA cleavage further apoptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, RuII complex represents an exciting opportunity for anticancer drug design by specifically targeting cancer cell G-quadruplexes DNA.
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42
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Jin B, Zhang X, Zheng W, Liu X, Qi C, Wang F, Shangguan D. Fluorescence light-up probe for parallel G-quadruplexes. Anal Chem 2013; 86:943-52. [PMID: 24354276 DOI: 10.1021/ac403676x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Putative G-quadruplex-forming sequences (PQS) are highly prevalent in human genome; however, the structures and functions of most PQSs in genome are poorly understood. Therefore, selective recognition of certain types of G-quadruplexes (G4s) is important for the study of G4s. A new light up fluorescent probe, BPBC composed of benzimidazole and carbazole moieties was designed and synthesized. BPBC possesses a crescent-shaped π-conjugated planar core that is slightly larger than the dimension of the G-quartet plane in G4s. This structure endows BPBC with excellent selectivity to parallel G4s. BPBC exhibits almost no fluorescence in the aqueous buffer condition, its fluorescence increases approximately 330-1800-fold in the presence of parallel G4s but only about 30-fold in the presence of single/double-stranded (ss/ds) DNA and 30-110-fold in the presence of antiparallel G4s. Binding studies indicate that the highly selective fluorescent response of BPBC arises from end-stack binding model to G-quartet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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43
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Xu CX, Zheng YX, Zheng XH, Hu Q, Zhao Y, Ji LN, Mao ZW. V-shaped dinuclear Pt(II) complexes: selective interaction with human telomeric G-quadruplex and significant inhibition towards telomerase. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2060. [PMID: 23792883 PMCID: PMC3690394 DOI: 10.1038/srep02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A quaternized trigeminal ligand, 4-[4,6-di(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-(2-triazinyl)]-1-methylpyridine-1-ium hexafluorophosphate (dptmp·PF6), and two derivative V-shaped dinuclear Pt(II) complexes, {[Pt(dien)]₂(dptmp)}(PF₆)₅ (1) and {[Pt(dpa)]₂(dptmp)}(PF₆)₅ (2), were synthesized, characterized and applied to a series of biochemical studies. FRET and SPR analyses showed these compounds, especially Pt(II) complexes, bound more strongly to human telomeric (hTel) G-quadruplex than to promoters (such as c-myc and bcl2) or to the duplex DNA. PCR-stop assays revealed that the Pt(II) complexes could bind to and stabilize G-quadruplex far more effectively than corresponding ligand. CD analyses further indicated the three compounds likely stabilized the formation of mixed-type parallel/antiparallel G-quadruplex structures. Their efficacy as telomerase inhibitors and potential anticancer drugs was explored via TRAP. The IC₅₀ value was determined to be 0.113 ± 0.019 μM for 1, indicating that it is one of the strongest known telomerase inhibitors. These results confirm that both V-shaped dinuclear Pt(II) complexes act as selective G-quadruplex binders and significant telomerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Xia Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Artese A, Costa G, Distinto S, Moraca F, Ortuso F, Parrotta L, Alcaro S. Toward the design of new DNA G-quadruplex ligands through rational analysis of polymorphism and binding data. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 68:139-49. [PMID: 23974014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human telomeres play a key role in protecting chromosomal ends from fusion events; they are composed of d(TTAGGG) repeats, ranging in size from 3 to 15 kb. They form G-quadruplex DNA structures, stabilized by G-quartets in the presence of cations, and are involved in several biological processes. In particular, a telomere maintenance mechanism is provided by a specialized enzyme called telomerase, a reverse transcriptase able to add multiple copies of the 5'-GGTTAG-3' motif to the end of the G-strand of the telomere and which is over-expressed in the majority of cancer cells. The central cation has a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the structure. Based on its nature, it can be associated with different topological telomeric quadruplexes, which depend also on the orientation of the DNA strands and the syn/anti conformation of the guanines. Such a polymorphism, confirmed by the different structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), prompted us to apply a computational protocol in order to investigate the conformational properties of a set of known G-quadruplex ligands and their molecular recognition against six different experimental models of the human telomeric sequence d[AG3(T2AG3)3]. The average AutoDock correlation between theoretical and experimental data yielded an r2 value equal to 0.882 among all the studied models. Such a result was always improved with respect to those of the single folds, with the exception of the parallel structure (r2 equal to 0.886), thus suggesting a key role of this G4 conformation in the stacking interaction network. Among the studied binders, a trisubstituted acridine and a dibenzophenanthroline derivative were well recognized by the parallel and the mixed G-quadruplex structures, allowing the identification of specific key contacts with DNA and the further design of more potent or target specific G-quadruplex ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia", Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Palau W, Masante C, Ventura M, Di Primo C. Direct evidence for RNA-RNA interactions at the 3' end of the Hepatitis C virus genome using surface plasmon resonance. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 19:982-991. [PMID: 23651615 PMCID: PMC3683932 DOI: 10.1261/rna.037606.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance was used to investigate two previously described interactions analyzed by reverse genetics and complementation mutation experiments, involving 5BSL3.2, a stem-loop located in the NS5B coding region of HCV. 5BSL3.2 was immobilized on a sensor chip by streptavidin-biotin coupling, and its interaction either with the SL2 stem-loop of the 3' end or with an upstream sequence centered on nucleotide 9110 (referred to as Seq9110) was monitored in real-time. In contrast with previous results obtained by NMR assays with the same short RNA sequences that we used or SHAPE analysis with longer RNAs, we demonstrate that recognition between 5BSL3.2 and SL2 can occur in solution through a kissing-loop interaction. We show that recognition between Seq9110 and the internal loop of 5BSL3.2 does not prevent binding of SL2 on the apical loop of 5BSL3.2 and does not influence the rate constants of the SL2-5BSL3.2 complex. Therefore, the two binding sites of 5BSL3.2, the apical and internal loops, are structurally independent and both interactions can coexist. We finally show that the stem-loop SL2 is a highly dynamic RNA motif that fluctuates between at least two conformations: One is able to hybridize with 5BSL3.2 through loop-loop interaction, and the other one is capable of self-associating in the absence of protein, reinforcing the hypothesis of SL2 being a dimerization sequence. This result suggests also that the conformational dynamics of SL2 could play a crucial role for controlling the destiny of the genomic RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Palau
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire ARNA, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U869, Laboratoire ARNA, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Cyril Masante
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire MFP-UMR5234, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5234, Laboratoire MFP-UMR5234, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Ventura
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire MFP-UMR5234, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5234, Laboratoire MFP-UMR5234, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Carmelo Di Primo
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire ARNA, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U869, Laboratoire ARNA, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Wang L, Wei C. Spectroscopic and Biological Studies of Phenanthroline Compounds: Selective Recognition of Gene-Promoter G-Quadruplex DNAs Preferred over Duplex DNA. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1154-64. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cogoi S, Shchekotikhin AE, Membrino A, Sinkevich YB, Xodo LE. Guanidino Anthrathiophenediones as G-Quadruplex Binders: Uptake, Intracellular Localization, and Anti-Harvey-ras Gene Activity in Bladder Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2764-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3019063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Cogoi
- Department of Medical and Biological
Science, P.le Kolbe 4, School of Medicine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Andrey E. Shchekotikhin
- Gause
Institute of New Antibiotics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, B. Pirogovskaya,
11, Moscow 119021, Russia
| | - Alexandro Membrino
- Department of Medical and Biological
Science, P.le Kolbe 4, School of Medicine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Yuri B. Sinkevich
- Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology, 9 Miusskaya Square, Moscow 125190,
Russia
| | - Luigi E. Xodo
- Department of Medical and Biological
Science, P.le Kolbe 4, School of Medicine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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He JH, Liu HY, Li Z, Tan JH, Ou TM, Huang SL, An LK, Li D, Gu LQ, Huang ZS. New quinazoline derivatives for telomeric G-quadruplex DNA: effects of an added phenyl group on quadruplex binding ability. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:1-13. [PMID: 23454529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To improve the selectivity of indoloquinoline or benzofuroquinoline derivatives, we previously reported several quinazoline derivatives [17]. These compounds could mimic a tetracyclic aromatic system through intramolecular hydrogen bond. Studies showed that these quinazoline derivatives were effective and selective telomeric G-quadruplex ligands. With this encouragement, here we synthesized a series of N-(2-(quinazolin-2-yl)phenyl)benzamide (QPB) compounds as modified quinazoline derivatives. In this modification, a phenyl group was introduced to the aromatic core. The evaluation results showed that part of QPB derivatives had stronger binding ability and better selectivity for telomeric G-quadruplex DNA than LZ-11, the most potential compound of reported quinazoline derivatives. Furthermore, telomerase inhibition of QPB derivatives and their cellular effects were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
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Yue Q, Shen T, Wang C, Wang L, Li H, Xu S, Wang H, Liu J. Construction of a controllable Förster resonance energy transfer system based on G-quadruplex for DNA sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 40:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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50
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Chen X, Zhou X, Han T, Wu J, Zhang J, Guo S. Stabilization and induction of oligonucleotide i-motif structure via graphene quantum dots. ACS NANO 2013; 7:531-537. [PMID: 23244198 DOI: 10.1021/nn304673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA i-motif structures have been found in telomeric, centromeric DNA and many in the promoter region of oncogenes; thus they might be attractive targets for gene-regulation processes and anticancer therapeutics. We demonstrate in this work that i-motif structures can be stabilized by graphene quantum dots (GQDs) under acidic conditions, and more importantly GQDs can promote the formation of the i-motif structure under alkaline or physiological conditions. We illustrate that the GQDs stabilize the i-motif structure through end-stacking of the bases at its loop regions, thus reducing its solvent-accessible area. Under physiological or alkaline conditions, the end-stacking of GQDs on the unfolded structure shifts the equilibrium between the i-motif and unfolded structure toward the i-motif structure, thus promoting its formation. The possibility of fine-tuning the stability of the i-motif and inducing its formation would make GQDs useful in gene regulation and oligonucleotide-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
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