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Zhou Y, Xu S, Zhang X, Zhou L, Zheng H, Zhu G. Recent advances of 5- endo-trig radical cyclization: promoting strategies and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39177094 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03302g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
5-endo-trig radical cyclization has long been recognized as one of the most straightforward ways for the construction of densely functionalized five-membered rings. Nevertheless, according to Baldwin's rules, the 5-endo-trig radical cyclization is kinetically disfavored due to stereoelectronic effects and thus usually proceeds via a slow rate, which renders its application a challenging task. In recent years, with the emergence of efficient radical generation methods and effective cyclization strategies, 5-endo-trig radical cyclization has been successfully accelerated to a synthetically useful rate and has been utilized in the access of diverse five-membered carbo- and heterocyclic compounds. This review comprehensively summarizes the methodologies involving the 5-endo-trig radical cyclization process, with particular emphasis on the elucidation of the promoting strategies, which include the polar effect, geometrical constraints, spin delocalization effect, and persistent radical effect. Each of these strategies is discussed in detail, with illustrative examples from recent literature studies to highlight their practical applications and effectiveness. It is anticipated that the in-depth understanding of the 5-endo-trig radical cyclization provided by this review would inspire further innovation of this privileged reaction mode and expand its applications. Moreover, the potent ring-closure-promoting strategies revealed herein would also contribute to achieving other challenges of cyclizations with particular significance for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Sangxuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Lanxi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Jinhua University of Vocational Technology, 888 Haitang West Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321017, China
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2
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Gharpure SJ, Chavan RS, Narang SR. Iron-Mediated Hydrogen Atom Transfer Radical Cyclization of Alkenyl Indoles and Pyrroles Gives Their Fused Derivatives: Total Synthesis of Bruceolline E and H. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38341858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The iron-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction is efficaciously employed for the synthesis of dihydropyrroloindoles and dihydropyrrolizines via 5-exo-trig radical cyclization where indoles and pyrroles are used as an acceptor. This radical approach has also been extended for the synthesis of tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indolones via the Baldwin-disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization pathway. The formal synthesis of bruceolline J and the total synthesis of bruceollines E and H have been expeditiously carried out by employing the former strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rupali S Chavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Simran R Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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3
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Nolte TM. 300-fold higher neuro- and immunotoxicity from low-redox transformation of carbamazepine. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:319-329. [PMID: 37927955 PMCID: PMC10622881 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current challenges in (eco)toxicology are in understanding the transformation of (reactive) substances, and how transformation affects toxic modes of action. Empirical assessment of transformation products of, practically an infinite number of substances, via experimentation, is impossible. Predicting transformation products for (benchmarking) compounds from conditions, facilitates risk analyses. This study applied calculus to predict transformation products of an important environmental and medicinal/toxicological marker, carbamazepine. As radicals are ubiquitous in humans and the environment, we looked into radical-mediated transformations of carbamazepine as a benchmark. We calculated proportions of their speciation states as function of redox conditions, which we took as pH and O2 concentration, describing transformation via covalent and ionic interactions. Formation of ring-contracted products with neuro-immunological activity is thermodynamically favored under anaerobic conditions and at low pH. Experimentally observed product distributions and toxicities reflect that pattern. Our predictive method may support toxicity predictions for other substances and conditions 'similar' to the current case study via interpolation. This paves the way for a more coherent, effective and easier risk assessment of transformation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom M. Nolte
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud, University Nijmegen, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Wang T, Zong YY, Huang T, Jin XL, Wu LZ, Liu Q. Photocatalytic redox-neutral selective single C(sp 3)-F bond activation of perfluoroalkyl iminosulfides with alkenes and water. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11566-11572. [PMID: 37886085 PMCID: PMC10599478 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Visible-light-promoted site-selective and direct C-F bond functionalization of polyfluorinated iminosulfides was accomplished with alkenes and water under redox-neutral conditions, affording a diverse array of γ-lactams with a fluoro- and perfluoroalkyl-substituted carbon centre. A variety of perfluoroalkyl units, including C2F5, C3F7, C4F9, and C5F11 underwent site-selective defluorofunctionalization. This protocol allows high chemoselectivity control and shows excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that the remarkable changes of the electron geometries during the defluorination widen the redox window between the substrates and the products and ensure the chemoselectivity of single C(sp3)-F bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xiao-Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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5
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Izhyk VV, Poliudov AO, Dobrydnev AV, Omelian TV, Popova MV, Volovenko YM. Synthesis of alkyl isothiazolidine-1,1-dioxide 3-carboxylates via the intramolecular carbo-Michael reaction strategy. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Le S, Bai Y, Qiu J, Zhang Z, Zheng H, Zhu G. Access to cyclopentenones via copper-catalyzed 5- endo trifluoromethylcarbocyclization of ynones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00843b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed 5-endo-selective trifluoromethylcarbocyclization of ynones is realized for the direct construction of trifluoromethylated cyclopentenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Le
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yihui Bai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Jiayan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Zuxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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7
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Zheng H, Su J, Zhou Y, Zhu G. Recent Advances on 5- endo-Trig Radical Cyclization of All-Carbon Systems. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202209029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Qi Z, Zhang Z, Yang L, Zhang D, Lu J, Wei J, Wei S, Fu Q, Du X, Yi D. Nitrogen‐Radical‐Triggered Trifunctionalizing
ipso
‐Spirocyclization of Unactivated Alkenes with Vinyl Azides: A Modular Access to Spiroaminal Frameworks. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Qi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Siping Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources Guangxi Normal University) Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Du
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Science Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
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9
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Mukherjee A, Saha PC, Das RS, Bera T, Guha S. Acidic pH-Activatable Visible to Near-Infrared Switchable Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Live-Cell Lysosome Targeted Imaging. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2141-2146. [PMID: 34125510 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have designed and synthesized acidic pH-activatable visible to NIR switchable ratiometric pH-sensitive fluorescent dye. The design consists of a cell-permeable organic probe containing a lysosome targeting morpholine functionality and an acidic pH-activatable oxazolidine moiety. The visible closed oxazolidine form (λabs 418 nm) can be switched to the highly conjugated NIR Cy-7 form (λabs 780 nm) through ring opening of the oxazolidine moiety at acidic pH. This switching of the ratiometric fluorescent probe is highly reversible and can be controlled by pH. NMR, UV/vis, and fluorescence spectroscopies allowed monitoring of pH switching behavior of the probe. This bioresponsive in situ acidic organelle activatable fluorophore showed reversible pH-switchable ratiometric optical properties, high photostability, huge bathochromic emission shift of 320 nm from basic to acidic pH, off-to-on narrow NIR absorption and emission bands with enhanced molar extinction coefficient at lysosomal pH, good quantum yield, low cytotoxicity, and targeted imaging ability of live cell lysosomes with ideal pKa. The report demonstrated ratiometric imaging with improved specificity of the acidic lysosome while minimizing signals at the NIR region from nontargeted neutral or basic organelles in human carcinoma HeLa and A549 as well as rat healthy H9c2(2-1) live cells, which is monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pranab Chandra Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rabi Sankar Das
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapas Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Samit Guha
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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10
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Schofield K, Foley C, Hulme C. 5- Endo Trig Oxidative Radical Cyclizations of Ugi-3CR Products toward 1,4-Imidazolidinones. Org Lett 2020; 23:107-112. [PMID: 33306404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A 5-endo trig oxidative radical cyclization of benzylamine-derived Ugi three-component reaction products rapidly affords imidazolidinones with three diversity elements. This adaptation of our previously described multicomponent reaction-oxidation methodology further showcases manipulation of the diversity elements in multicomponent reaction products via oxidative radical cyclizations, which generates highly decorated privileged heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Schofield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Christopher Foley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Christopher Hulme
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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11
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Lamaa D, Hauguel C, Lin HP, Messe E, Gandon V, Alami M, Hamze A. Sequential One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Arylbenzofurans from N-Tosylhydrazones and Bromophenol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13664-13673. [PMID: 33091298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A divergent and efficient one-pot sequence allowing direct access to 3-arylbenzofuran derivatives has been developed. The process, involving N-tosylhydrazones and bromophenols, proceeds via a palladium-catalyzed Barluenga-Valdés cross-coupling, followed by an aerobic, copper-catalyzed, radical cyclization to form Csp2-Csp2 and O-Csp2 bonds. 3-Arylated benzofurans bearing various substituents were obtained with good to excellent yields (up to 90%). Mechanistic investigation strongly supports a radical process for the cyclization step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lamaa
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Camille Hauguel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Hsin-Ping Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Estelle Messe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Batiment 420, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Mouad Alami
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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12
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Abstract
We have found that terminal N-vinylindoles bearing cycloalkanone substituents are excellent hydrogen atom acceptors, generating α-aminyl radicals with a variety of catalysts (Co(II)/H2 or Co(III)Cl precatalysts with silane reductants). These radicals can be converted to internal vinylindoles but eventually add to the oxygen of the cycloalkanone substituents. These cyclizations eventually furnish a densely functionalized dihydrofuran (a net cycloisomerization). The internal vinylindoles are slowly converted to the dihydrofurans, but the final cycloisomerization/isomerization ratio is affected by the size of the cycloalkanone ring (seven- and eight-membered rings give the highest ratio). These results demonstrate how HAT can isomerize substrates in nonintuitive ways, here leading to the first HAT-promoted formation of a C-O bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Jonathan L Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Jack R Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
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13
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Šimek M, Bártová K, Pohl R, Císařová I, Jahn U. Tandemreaktionen aus anionischer Oxy‐Cope‐Umlagerung und Oxygenierung als vielseitiger Zugang zu verschiedenartigen Gerüsten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Šimek
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTschechische Akademie der Wissenschaften Flemingovo náměstí 2 16610 Prag 6 Czech republic
| | - Kateřina Bártová
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTschechische Akademie der Wissenschaften Flemingovo náměstí 2 16610 Prag 6 Czech republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTschechische Akademie der Wissenschaften Flemingovo náměstí 2 16610 Prag 6 Czech republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieNaturwissenschaftliche FakultätKarls-Universität Prag Hlavova 2030/8 12843 Prag 2 Czech republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTschechische Akademie der Wissenschaften Flemingovo náměstí 2 16610 Prag 6 Czech republic
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14
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Šimek M, Bártová K, Pohl R, Císařová I, Jahn U. Tandem Anionic oxy-Cope Rearrangement/Oxygenation Reactions as a Versatile Method for Approaching Diverse Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6160-6165. [PMID: 31994304 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tandem anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement/radical oxygenation reactions provide δ,ϵ-unsaturated α-(aminoxy) carbonyl compounds, which serve as convenient precursors to diverse compound classes. Functionalized carbocycles are accessible by very rare all-carbon 5-endo-trig cyclizations, but also common 5-exo-trig radical cyclizations, based on the persistent radical effect. The tandem reactions can be further extended by highly diastereoselective allylation or reduction steps to give complex scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Šimek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bártová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Fantinati A, Zanirato V, Marchetti P, Trapella C. The Fascinating Chemistry of α-Haloamides. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:100-170. [PMID: 32025460 PMCID: PMC6996577 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight the rich chemistry of α-haloamides originally mainly used to discover new C-N, C-O and C-S bond forming reactions, and later widely employed in C-C cross-coupling reactions with C(sp3), C(sp2) and C(sp) coupling partners. Radical-mediated transformations of α-haloamides bearing a suitable located unsaturated bond has proven to be a straightforward alternative to access diverse cyclic compounds by means of either radical initiators, transition metal redox catalysis or visible light photoredox catalysis. On the other hand, cycloadditions with α-halohydroxamate-based azaoxyallyl cations have garnered significant attention. Moreover, in view of the important role in life and materials science of difluoroalkylated compounds, a wide range of catalysts has been developed for the efficient incorporation of difluoroacetamido moieties into activated as well as unactivated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fantinati
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 1744121FerraraItaly E-mail: V. Zanirato
| | - Vinicio Zanirato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 1744121FerraraItaly E-mail: V. Zanirato
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 1744121FerraraItaly E-mail: V. Zanirato
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 1744121FerraraItaly E-mail: V. Zanirato
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16
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Oderinde MS, Mao E, Ramirez A, Pawluczyk J, Jorge C, Cornelius LAM, Kempson J, Vetrichelvan M, Pitchai M, Gupta A, Gupta AK, Meanwell NA, Mathur A, Dhar TGM. Synthesis of Cyclobutane-Fused Tetracyclic Scaffolds via Visible-Light Photocatalysis for Building Molecular Complexity. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3094-3103. [PMID: 31927959 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis through visible-light photocatalysis of novel functionalized tetracyclic scaffolds that incorporate a fused azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one motif, which are structurally interesting cores with potential in natural product synthesis and drug discovery. The synthetic approach involves an intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition with concomitant dearomatization of the heterocycle via an energy transfer process promoted by an iridium-based photosensitizer, to build a complex molecular architecture with at least three stereogenic centers from relatively simple, achiral precursors. These fused azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one-based tetracycles were obtained in high yield (generally >99%) and with excellent diastereoselectivity (>99:1). The late-stage derivatization of a bromine-substituted, tetracyclic indoline derivative with alkyl groups, employing a mild Negishi C-C bond forming protocol as a means of increasing structural diversity, provides additional modularity that will enable the delivery of valuable building blocks for medicinal chemistry. Density functional theory calculations were used to compute the T1-S0 free energy gap of the olefin-tethered precursors and also to predict their reactivities based on triplet state energy transfer and transition state energy feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martins S Oderinde
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Edna Mao
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical & Synthetic Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , 1 Squibb Drive , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08903 , United States
| | - Joseph Pawluczyk
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Christine Jorge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Lyndon A M Cornelius
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - James Kempson
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Muthalagu Vetrichelvan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate - Phase-IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru , Karnataka 560099 , India
| | - Manivel Pitchai
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate - Phase-IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru , Karnataka 560099 , India
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate - Phase-IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru , Karnataka 560099 , India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Centre , Plot 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate - Phase-IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road , Bengaluru , Karnataka 560099 , India
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
| | - T G Murali Dhar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis , Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Route 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 . United States
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17
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Ram RN, Sadanandan S, Kumar Gupta D. β,β,β‐Trichloroethyl‐
N
H‐Enamine as Viable System for 5‐
Endo‐trig
Radical Cyclization
via
Multifaceted Cu
I
−Cu
II
Redox Catalysis: Single Step Synthesis of Multi‐Functionalized
N
H‐Pyrroles. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ram N. Ram
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Sandhya Sadanandan
- Department of ChemistryAmrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri Kerala 690525 India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
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18
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Lorenc C, Vibbert HB, Yao C, Norton JR, Rauch M. H· Transfer-Initiated Synthesis of γ-Lactams: Interpretation of Cycloisomerization and Hydrogenation Ratios. ACS Catal 2019; 9:10294-10298. [PMID: 32195013 PMCID: PMC7082086 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A cobaloxime/H2 system used to synthesize valuable γ-lactams from acrylamide molecules is described. In addition to cycloisomerized lactams, linear hydrogenated products were also observed. The amounts of the hydrogenation product were observed to correlate with the bulk of the substituent on the acrylamide nitrogen. Further analysis of the product distributions with experimental and computational studies suggested that while cyclization can occur from one C=C acrylamide rotamer, hydrogenation can occur from both. This observation was further evinced through calculation of the hydrogenation rate constant, which was observed to be ca. 102 faster than previously determined for a related system using n Bu3SnH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hunter B. Vibbert
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Chengbo Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack R. Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
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19
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Huynh T, Yamakawa H, Nguyen V, Nishino H. Mn(III)‐Based Oxidative Cyclization of Alkenes Using Tricarbonyl System. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh‐Truc Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKumamoto University, Kurokami, Chûou-Ku Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Yamakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKumamoto University, Kurokami, Chûou-Ku Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Van‐Ha Nguyen
- Department of ChemistryDalat University 1 Phu Dong Thien Vuong St. Dalat Vietnam
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceKumamoto University, Kurokami 2–39-1, Chûou-Ku Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
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20
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Liu J, Skaria M, Sharma P, Chiang YW, Liu RS. Ground-state dioxygen undergoes metal-free [3 + 2]-annulations with allenes and nitrosoarenes under ambient conditions. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5482-5487. [PMID: 28970928 PMCID: PMC5613744 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cycloadditions of molecular dioxygen with neutral π-bond motifs rely heavily on singlet-state 1O2, whereas ground state 3O2 is chemically inactive. Here we report novel [3 + 2]-annulations among ground-state 3O2 (1 bar), allenes, and nitrosoarenes at low temperatures, efficiently yielding dioxygen-containing oxacycles. With less hindered 1-arylallene derivatives, these dioxygen species undergo skeletal rearrangement to 3-hydroxy-1-ketonyl-2-imine oxides. These cycloadditions represent valuable one-pot O,N,O-trifunctionalizations of allenes. Our EPR experiments confirm the presence of 1,4-diradical intermediates from an allene/nitrosoarene mixture, which manifest the hidden diradical properties of nitrosoarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxian Liu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan , Republic of China . .,College of Chemistry & Materials Science , Longyan University , Fujian , China
| | - Manisha Skaria
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan , Republic of China .
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan , Republic of China .
| | - Yun-Wei Chiang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan , Republic of China .
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan , Republic of China .
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21
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Copper mediated cyclization of 1-substituted enamides, dienamides and trienamides: regiochemistry, indigoid formation and methyl migration-aromatization. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Clark AJ, Curran DP, Fox DJ, Ghelfi F, Guy CS, Hay B, James N, Phillips JM, Roncaglia F, Sellars PB, Wilson P, Zhang H. Axially Chiral Enamides: Substituent Effects, Rotation Barriers, and Implications for their Cyclization Reactions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:5547-65. [PMID: 27267662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The barrier to rotation around the N-alkenyl bond of 38 N-alkenyl-N-alkylacetamide derivatives was measured (ΔG(⧧) rotation varied between <8.0 and 31.0 kcal mol(-1)). The most important factor in controlling the rate of rotation was the level of alkene substitution, followed by the size of the nitrogen substituent and, finally, the size of the acyl substituent. Tertiary enamides with four alkenyl substituents exhibited half-lives for rotation between 5.5 days and 99 years at 298 K, sufficient to isolate enantiomerically enriched atropisomers. The radical cyclizations of a subset of N-alkenyl-N-benzyl-α-haloacetamides exhibiting relatively high barriers to rotation round the N-alkenyl bond (ΔG(⧧) rotation >20 kcal mol(-1)) were studied to determine the regiochemistry of cyclization. Those with high barriers (>27 kcal mol(-1)) did not lead to cyclization, but those with lower values produced highly functionalized γ-lactams via a 5-endo-trig radical-polar crossover process that was terminated by reduction, an unusual cyclopropanation sequence, or trapping with H2O, depending upon the reaction conditions. Because elevated temperatures were necessary for cyclization, this precluded study of the asymmetric transfer in the reaction of individual atropisomers. However, enantiomerically enriched atropsiomeric enamides should be regarded as potential asymmetric building blocks for reactions that can be accomplished at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Dennis P Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David J Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Franco Ghelfi
- Dipartmento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Univerita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Collette S Guy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Benjamin Hay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Natalie James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Jessica M Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Fabrizio Roncaglia
- Dipartmento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Univerita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Philip B Sellars
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry, West Midlands CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Hanmo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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23
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Gilmore K, Mohamed RK, Alabugin IV. The Baldwin rules: revised and extended. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; Potsdam Germany
| | - Rana K. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL USA
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL USA
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24
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Ram RN, Gupta DK, Soni VK. Copper(I)/Ligand-Catalyzed 5-endo Radical Cyclization-Aromatization of 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl Vinyl Ethers: Synthesis of 2,3-Difunctionalized 4-Chlorofurans. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1665-74. [PMID: 26796068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Copper(I)/ligand-catalyzed one pot synthesis of highly substituted 2,3-difunctionalized-4-chlorofurans has been reported. The reaction proceeds via a Cu(I)-catalyzed regioselective 5-endo-trig radical cyclization of 2,2,2-trichloroethyl vinyl ethers followed by the base-promoted dehydrochlorination. The success of the kinetically disfavored 5-endo cyclization was attributed to the formation of captodatively stabilized radical intermediate in the cyclization step and relatively high reaction temperature. Synthetic application of this protocol was also demonstrated in the preparation of alkyl and aryl substituted 4-chlorofuranonapthoquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram N Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India
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25
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Ghorpade S, Jadhav PD, Liu RS. Copper-Mediated [3+2] Annulation of 3-N
-Hydroxyallylamines with Nitrosoarenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:2915-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Ghorpade
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Sec. 2; Kuang-Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan P.R. China
| | - Prakash D. Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Sec. 2; Kuang-Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan P.R. China
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing-Hua University, 101, Sec. 2; Kuang-Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30043, Taiwan P.R. China
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26
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Liu F, Yu L, Lv S, Yao J, Liu J, Jia X. An Unexpected Construction of 2-Arylquinolines from N
-Cinnamylanilines through sp
3
CH Aerobic Oxidation Induced by a Catalytic Radical Cation Salt. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Mohamed RK, Mondal S, Jorner K, Delgado TF, Lobodin VV, Ottosson H, Alabugin IV. The Missing C1-C5 Cycloaromatization Reaction: Triplet State Antiaromaticity Relief and Self-Terminating Photorelease of Formaldehyde for Synthesis of Fulvenes from Enynes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15441-50. [PMID: 26536479 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The last missing example of the four archetypical cycloaromatizations of enediynes and enynes was discovered by combining a twisted alkene excited state with a new self-terminating path for intramolecular conversion of diradicals into closed-shell products. Photoexcitation of aromatic enynes to a twisted alkene triplet state creates a unique stereoelectronic situation, which is facilitated by the relief of excited state antiaromaticity of the benzene ring. This enables the usually unfavorable 5-endo-trig cyclization and merges it with 5-exo-dig closure. The 1,4-diradical product of the C1-C5 cyclization undergoes internal H atom transfer that is coupled with the fragmentation of an exocyclic C-C bond. This sequence provides efficient access to benzofulvenes from enynes and expands the utility of self-terminating aromatizing enyne cascades to photochemical reactions. The key feature of this self-terminating reaction is that, despite the involvement of radical species in the key cyclization step, no external radical sources or quenchers are needed to provide the products. In these cascades, both radical centers are formed transiently and converted to the closed-shell products via intramolecular H-transfer and C-C bond fragmentation. Furthermore, incorporating C-C bond cleavage into the photochemical self-terminating cyclizations of enynes opens a new way for the use of alkenes as alkyne equivalents in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kjell Jorner
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Box 576, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Vladislav V Lobodin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States.,Future Fuels Institute, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Box 576, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Heggen B, Patil M, Thiel W. Cyclization of anα,β-Unsaturated hydrazone catalyzed by a BINOL-phosphoric acid: Pericyclic or not? J Comput Chem 2015; 37:280-5. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berit Heggen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Mahendra Patil
- Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences Health Centre, University of Mumbai; Vidhyanagaria Campus Mumbai 400098 India
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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29
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Bénéteau R, Despiau CF, Rouaud J, Boussonnière A, Silvestre V, Lebreton J, Dénès F. Synthesis of Polysubstituted γ‐Butenolides via a Radical Pathway: Cyclization of α‐Bromo Aluminium Acetals and Comparison with the Cyclization of α‐Bromoesters at High Temperature. Chemistry 2015; 21:11378-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Bénéteau
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
| | - Carole F. Despiau
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
| | - Jean‐Christophe Rouaud
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
| | - Anne Boussonnière
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
- Current Address: Université du Maine and CNRS UMR 6283, Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France)
| | - Virginie Silvestre
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
| | - Jacques Lebreton
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
| | - Fabrice Dénès
- CEISAM UMR 6230 ‐ UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP 92208‐44322, Nantes Cedex 3 (France)
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30
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Barbante GJ, Ashton TD, Doeven EH, Pfeffer FM, Wilson DJD, Henderson LC, Francis PS. Photoredox Catalysis of Intramolecular Cyclizations with a Reusable Silica-Bound Ruthenium Complex. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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En D, Zou GF, Guo Y, Liao WW. Nucleophilic Phosphine-Catalyzed Intramolecular Michael Reactions of N-Allylic Substituted α-Amino Nitriles: Construction of Functionalized Pyrrolidine Rings via 5-endo-trig Cyclizations. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4456-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500418s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da En
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Gong-Feng Zou
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liao
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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32
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Du W, Zhao MN, Ren ZH, Wang YY, Guan ZH. Copper-catalyzed 5-endo-trig cyclization of ketoxime carboxylates: a facile synthesis of 2-arylpyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7437-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03129f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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33
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Pati K, Hughes AM, Phan H, Alabugin IV. Exo-DigRadical Cascades of Skipped Enediynes: Building a Naphthalene Moiety within a Polycyclic Framework. Chemistry 2013; 20:390-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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34
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Mondal S, Mohamed RK, Manoharan M, Phan H, Alabugin IV. Drawing from a Pool of Radicals for the Design of Selective Enyne Cyclizations. Org Lett 2013; 15:5650-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4028072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States, and School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Rana K. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States, and School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Mariappan Manoharan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States, and School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States, and School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States, and School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
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35
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Jiang H, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Yu S. De Novo Synthesis of Polysubstituted Naphthols and Furans Using Photoredox Neutral Coupling of Alkynes with 2-Bromo-1,3-dicarbonyl Compounds. Org Lett 2013; 15:4884-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402325z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yuanzheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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36
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CuCl-catalyzed radical cyclisation of N-α-perchloroacyl-ketene-N,S-acetals: a new way to prepare disubstituted maleic anhydrides. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Gilmore K, Manoharan M, Wu JIC, Schleyer PVR, Alabugin IV. Aromatic Transition States in Nonpericyclic Reactions: Anionic 5-Endo Cyclizations Are Aborted Sigmatropic Shifts. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10584-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University,
Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Mariappan Manoharan
- School of Science, Engineering
and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Judy I-Chia Wu
- Center for Computational Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525, United States
| | - Paul v. R. Schleyer
- Center for Computational Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525, United States
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University,
Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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Gilmore K, Alabugin IV. Cyclizations of Alkynes: Revisiting Baldwin’s Rules for Ring Closure. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6513-56. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200164y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390
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Alabugin IV, Gilmore K, Manoharan M. Rules for Anionic and Radical Ring Closure of Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12608-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja203191f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390, United States
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306-4390, United States
| | - Mariappan Manoharan
- School of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
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Clark AJ, Curran DP, Geden JV, James N, Wilson P. Bond rotation dynamics of enamides: the effect of the acyl group and potential for chirality transfer during 5-endo trig radical cyclizations. J Org Chem 2011; 76:4546-51. [PMID: 21506580 DOI: 10.1021/jo200343z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Barriers to rotation of the N-alkenyl bond in a series of N-cycloalkenyl-N-benzyl acetamide derivatives have been measured in different solvents by variable-temperature NMR experiments. The barriers range from 9.7 to 14.2 kcal/mol, depending on substituents on the acetamide acyl group. Polar solvents such as chloroform and methanol increase the barrier to rotation compared to nonpolar solvents such as toluene. The barrier to rotation of "mimics" for acetamide-based radicals are estimated. The relative order of the values of k(rot) for different acyl groups parallels their reported Taft E(s) paramaters. For successful chirality transfer in 5-endo trig radical cyclization, it is evident that rotations would need to be significantly slower than those reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, United Kingdom.
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Anderson JC, Davies EA. Diastereoselective synthesis of substituted prolines via 5-endo-trig cyclisations of aza-[2,3]-Wittig sigmatropic rearrangement products. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Würthner F, Bräse S, Sewald N, Herges R, Senge MO, Bach T, Gottwald T, Kopf T, Ŝpehar K, Hartung J, Plattner D, Gansäuer A, Oestreich M, Brückner R, Pietruszka J, Süßmuth R, Müller M, Weinhold E, Jäschke A, Albrecht M, Priepke H, Roth G, Ditrich K, Ernst A, Wortmann L, Ag S. Organische Chemie 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/nadc.20030510309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yu JD, Ding W, Lian GY, Song KS, Zhang DW, Gao X, Yang D. Selective Approach toward Multifunctionalized Lactams by Lewis Acid Promoted PhSe Group Transfer Radical Cyclization. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3232-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100139u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Di Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Gao-Yan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ke-Sheng Song
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Ichikawa J. Synthetic Methods for Heterocycles and Carbocycles Bearing Fluorinated One-Carbon Units (=CF 2, CHF 2, or CF 3): Intramolecular Reaction of 2-Trifluoromethyl-1-alkenes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2010. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.68.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junji Ichikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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Gansäuer A, Greb A, Huth I, Worgull D, Knebel K. Formal total synthesis of (±)-fragranol via template catalyzed 4-exo cyclization. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Guthrie DB, Damodaran K, Curran DP, Wilson P, Clark AJ. Bond Rotation Dynamics of N-Cycloalkenyl-N-benzyl α-Haloacetamide Derivatives. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4262-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900491w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Guthrie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Andrew J. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, CV4 7AL, U.K
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Fuwa H, Sasaki M. Synthesis of 2-Substituted Indoles and Indolines via Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling/5-endo-trig Cyclization Strategies. J Org Chem 2008; 74:212-21. [PMID: 19007181 DOI: 10.1021/jo801985a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fuwa
- Laboratory of Biostructural Chemistry, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiya, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Biostructural Chemistry, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-amamiya, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
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Friedrich J, Hanrath M, Dolg M. Evaluation of Incremental Correlation Energies for Open-Shell Systems: Application to the Intermediates of the 4-Exo Cyclization, Arduengo Carbenes and an Anionic Water Cluster. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:8762-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8028006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Friedrich
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hanrath
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Dolg
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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50
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Alabugin IV, Timokhin VI, Abrams JN, Manoharan M, Abrams R, Ghiviriga I. In Search of Efficient 5-Endo-dig Cyclization of a Carbon-Centered Radical: 40 Years from a Prediction to Another Success for the Baldwin Rules. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10984-95. [DOI: 10.1021/ja801478n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
| | - Vitaliy I. Timokhin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
| | - Jason N. Abrams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
| | - Mariappan Manoharan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
| | - Rachel Abrams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, and Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200
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