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Ravindar L, Hasbullah SA, Hassan NI, Qin HL. Cross‐Coupling of C‐H and N‐H Bonds: a Hydrogen Evolution Strategy for the Construction of C‐N Bonds. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lekkala Ravindar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Fakulti Teknologi dan Sains Maklumat Chemical Sciences Faculty of Science & Technology 43600 Bandar Baru Bangi MALAYSIA
| | - Siti Aishah Hasbullah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Chemical Sciences Faculty of Science & Technology 43600 Bandar Baru Bangi MALAYSIA
| | - Nurul Izzaty Hassan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Chemical Sciences Faculty of Science & Technology 43600 Bandar Baru Bangi MALAYSIA
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Wuhan University of Technology School of Chemistry 430070 Hubei CHINA
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2
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Sheng C, Ling Z, Luo Y, Zhang W. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric addition of alcohols to β,γ-alkynyl-α-imino esters for the construction of linear chiral N,O-ketals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:400. [PMID: 35058446 PMCID: PMC8776757 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
N,O-acetals are part of many synthetic intermediates and important skeletons of numerous natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. The most straightforward method of the synthesis of N,O-acetals is the enantioselective addition of O-nucleophiles to imines. However, using this method for the synthesis of linear chiral N,O-ketals still remains challenging due to the instability of raw materials under acidic or basic conditions. Herein, we developed a Cu-catalyzed asymmetric addition of alcohols to β,γ-alkynyl-α-imino esters under mild conditions, providing the corresponding linear chiral N,O-ketals with up to 96% ee. The method tolerates some variation in the β,γ-alkynyl-α-imino ester and alcohol scope, including some glucose and natural amino acid derivatives. Computational results indicate that the Boc group of the substrates assist in the extraction of hydrogen atoms from the alcohols to promote the addition reactions. These products could be synthesized on a gram-scale and can be used in several transformations. This asymmetric addition system provides an efficient, mild, gram-scale, and transition-metal-catalyzed synthesis of linear chiral N,O-ketals. N,O-acetals are part of many synthetic intermediates and important skeletons of numerous natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Here the authors show a Cu-catalyzed asymmetric addition of alcohols to β,γ-alkynyl-α-imino esters, providing the corresponding linear chiral N,O-ketals with up to 96% ee.
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3
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Ma J, Zhou X, Chen JL, Shi J, Cheng HC, Guo P, Ji H. Directing Group Strategies in Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Amination. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7554-7576. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01157c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Construction of a carbon-nitrogen bond is one of the most prevalent operations in nature and organic synthesis. The resulting amino compounds are privileged structural fragments in natural products, pharmaceutical drugs,...
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4
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Inuki S, Ohno H. Total Syntheses of Myriocin, Mycestericins and Sphingofungin E: Sphingosine Analogues Containing a β, β′-Dihydroxy α-Amino Acid Framework. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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5
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Yakura T, Tanaka E, Okada M, Hirosawa C, Noda N, Fujiwara T. Stereoselective Alkylation of Oxathiazinane N,O-Ketals for the Construction of Aza-Quaternary Carbon Centers. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Betz KN, Chiappini ND, Du Bois J. Intermolecular sp3-C–H Amination for the Synthesis of Saturated Azacycles. Org Lett 2019; 22:1687-1691. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry N. Betz
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Chiappini
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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7
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Hong K, Su H, Pei C, Lv X, Hu W, Qiu L, Xu X. Rhodium-Catalyzed Nitrene/Alkyne Metathesis: An Enantioselective Process for the Synthesis of N-Heterocycles. Org Lett 2019; 21:3328-3331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kemiao Hong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chao Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinxin Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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8
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Yu Y, Luo G, Yang J, Luo Y. Cobalt-catalysed unactivated C(sp 3)–H amination: two-state reactivity and multi-reference electronic character. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00239a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A remarkable two-state reactivity scenario and an unusual multi-reference character have been computationally found in Co-catalysed C(sp3)–H amination. In addition, the investigation on the additive, aminating reagent, metal center, and auxiliary ligand provides implications for development of new catalytic C–H functionalization systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Jimin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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9
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Hagihara S, Hanaya K, Sugai T, Shoji M. Syntheses of Englerin A, a Potent Renal Cancer Inhibitor. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hagihara
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Kengo Hanaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugai
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shoji
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-8512 Japan
- Department Pharmaceutical SciencesYokohama University of Pharmacy 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku Yokohama 245-0066 Japan
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10
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Morisaki K, Sasano Y, Koseki T, Shibuta T, Kanoh N, Chiou WH, Iwabuchi Y. Nazarov Cyclization Entry to Chiral Bicyclo[5.3.0]decanoid Building Blocks and Its Application to Formal Synthesis of (−)-Englerin A. Org Lett 2017; 19:5142-5145. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Morisaki
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasano
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takahiro Koseki
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takuro Shibuta
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Naoki Kanoh
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Wen-Hua Chiou
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yoshiharu Iwabuchi
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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11
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Brady PB, Bhat V. Recent Applications of Rh- and Pd-Catalyzed C(sp3)-H Functionalization in Natural Product Total Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B. Brady
- Oncology Discovery; AbbVie, Inc.; 1 N Waukegan Road 60064 North Chicago IL USA
| | - Vikram Bhat
- Oncology Discovery; AbbVie, Inc.; 1 N Waukegan Road 60064 North Chicago IL USA
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12
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Noda N, Nambu H, Ubukata K, Fujiwara T, Tsuge K, Yakura T. Total synthesis of myriocin and mycestericin D employing Rh(II)-catalyzed C H amination followed by stereoselective alkylation. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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13
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Park Y, Kim Y, Chang S. Transition Metal-Catalyzed C-H Amination: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:9247-9301. [PMID: 28051855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1530] [Impact Index Per Article: 218.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic transformation of ubiquitous C-H bonds into valuable C-N bonds offers an efficient synthetic approach to construct N-functionalized molecules. Over the last few decades, transition metal catalysis has been repeatedly proven to be a powerful tool for the direct conversion of cheap hydrocarbons to synthetically versatile amino-containing compounds. This Review comprehensively highlights recent advances in intra- and intermolecular C-H amination reactions utilizing late transition metal-based catalysts. Initial discovery, mechanistic study, and additional applications were categorized on the basis of the mechanistic scaffolds and types of reactions. Reactivity and selectivity of novel systems are discussed in three sections, with each being defined by a proposed working mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute of Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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14
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Darses B, Rodrigues R, Neuville L, Mazurais M, Dauban P. Transition metal-catalyzed iodine(iii)-mediated nitrene transfer reactions: efficient tools for challenging syntheses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:493-508. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07925c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The main synthetic applications of catalytic C(sp3)–H amination and alkene aziridination reactions are discussed in the context of natural product synthesis. The examples highlight that these synthetic methods now firmly belong in the organic chemist's toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Darses
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
| | - R. Rodrigues
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
| | - L. Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
| | - M. Mazurais
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
| | - P. Dauban
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- CNRS UPR 2301
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
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15
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Scamp RJ, Jirak JG, Dolan NS, Guzei IA, Schomaker JM. A General Catalyst for Site-Selective C(sp3)–H Bond Amination of Activated Secondary over Tertiary Alkyl C(sp3)–H Bonds. Org Lett 2016; 18:3014-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Scamp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - James G. Jirak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Dolan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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16
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Qiu Y, Gao S. Trends in applying C-H oxidation to the total synthesis of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:562-81. [PMID: 26847167 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00122f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2006 to 2015C-H functionalization remains one of the frontier challenges in organic chemistry and drives quite an active area of research. It has recently been applied in various novel strategies for the synthesis of natural products. It can dramatically increase synthetic efficiency when incorporated into retrosynthetic analyses of complex natural products, making it an essential part of current trends in organic synthesis. In this Review, we focus on selected case studies of recent applications of C-H oxidation methodologies in which the C-H bond has been exploited effectively to construct C-O and C-N bonds in natural product syntheses. Examples of syntheses representing different types of C-H oxidation are discussed to illustrate the potential of this approach and inspire future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyou Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
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17
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Nambu H, Noda N, Niu W, Fujiwara T, Yakura T. Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Myriocin Using Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed C−H Amination Followed by Alkylation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Nambu
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toyama, Sugitani; Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Narumi Noda
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toyama, Sugitani; Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Wenqi Niu
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toyama, Sugitani; Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Tomoya Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toyama, Sugitani; Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Takayuki Yakura
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Toyama, Sugitani; Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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18
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Walczak C, Payne TJ, Wade CB, Yonkey M, Scheid M, Badour A, Mohanty DK. The Thermal Instability of 2,4 and 2,6- N-Alkylamino Disubstituted and 2- N-Alkylamino Substituted Nitrobenzenes in Weakly Alkaline Solution: sec-Amino Effect. J Heterocycl Chem 2015; 52:681-687. [PMID: 26097254 PMCID: PMC4469390 DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the preparation of two families of secondary amines by the reactions of two equivalents of monoamines with either 2,4 or 2,6-difluoronitrobenzenes in N,N-dimethylacetamide in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate, as precursors of biologically important nitric oxide donating N-nitrosamines. In both instances, these compounds could be prepared in quantitative yield when the reaction temperature was held below 130°C. Above this reaction temperature, an unexpected cyclization reaction between the nitro and newly formed adjacent secondary amine group leads to the formation of benzimidazole or quinoxaline rings in low yields. Reasonable reaction mechanisms for the cyclization reaction are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J. Payne
- Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
| | - Colin B. Wade
- Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
| | | | - Melissa Scheid
- Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
| | - Alec Badour
- Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
| | - Dillip K. Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
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19
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Gadakh B, Smaers S, Rozenski J, Froeyen M, Van Aerschot A. 5'-(N-aminoacyl)-sulfonamido-5'-deoxyadenosine: attempts for a stable alternative for aminoacyl-sulfamoyl adenosines as aaRS inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:227-36. [PMID: 25686591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of aminoacyl-sulfamoyl adenosines (aaSAs) and their peptidyl conjugates as aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS) inhibitors remains problematic due to the low yield of the aminoacylation and the subsequent conjugation reaction causing concomitant formation of a cyclic adenosine derivative. In an effort to reduce this undesirable side reaction, we aimed to prepare the corresponding aminoacyl sulfonamide (aaSoA) analogues as more stable alternatives for aaSA derivatives. Deletion of the 5'-oxygen in aaSA analogues should render the C-5' less electrophilic and therefore improve the stability of the aminoacyl sulfamate analogues. We therefore synthesized six sulfonamides and compared their activity against the respective aaSA analogues. However, except for the aspartyl derivative, the new compounds are not able to inhibit the corresponding aaRS. Possible reasons for this loss of activity are discussed by modeling and comparison of the newly synthesized aaSoA derivatives with their parent aaSA analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gadakh
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Smaers
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathy Froeyen
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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20
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Mishra S, Santra S, Hajra A. Ligand-free reusable nano copper oxide-catalyzed synthesis of 3-amino-1,4-diynes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18350b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of 3-amino-1,4-diynes has been developed by the two-component coupling of N,N-dimethyl formamide dimethyl acetal with terminal alkynes using CuO nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati (A Central University)
- Santiniketan 731235
- India
| | - Sougata Santra
- Ural Federal University
- Chemical Engineering Institute
- Yekaterinburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry
- Visva-Bharati (A Central University)
- Santiniketan 731235
- India
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21
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Egger J, Carreira EM. Efficient synthesis strategies by application of transition metal-catalyzed carbene/nitrene insertions into C-H bonds. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:449-55. [PMID: 24589531 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70084d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed insertion of carbenes and nitrenes into C-H bonds has become a powerful tool for the construction of C-C and C-N bonds in the synthesis of complex natural products. In this Highlight, a selection of syntheses are detailed involving the implementation of C-H insertion reactions leading to strategies marked by improved efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Egger
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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22
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Gold(I)-Catalyzed Reactions of 1-(ortho-Alkynylaryl)ureas: Highly Selective Heterocyclization and Synthesis of MixedN,O-Acetals. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Wang H, Li Y, Wang Z, Lou J, Xiao Y, Qiu G, Hu X, Altenbach HJ, Liu P. Iron-catalyzed efficient intermolecular amination of C(sp3)–H bonds with bromamine-T as nitrene source. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02240h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
[Fe(N4Py)(CH3CN)](ClO4)2 can efficiently catalyze intermolecular nitrene insertion of sp3 C–H bonds with bromamine-T as the nitrene source, forming the desired tosylprotected amines with NaBr as the by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Guofu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Xianming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | | | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
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24
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Brawn RA, Zhu K, Panek JS. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Alkyne Amination of Homopropargylic Sulfamate Esters: Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Norcaradienes by Arene Cyclopropanation. Org Lett 2013; 16:74-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403035g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Brawn
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Kaicheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - James S. Panek
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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25
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Chen F, Huang X, Cui Y, Jiao N. Direct transformation of methyl imines to α-iminonitriles under mild and transition-metal-free conditions. Chemistry 2013; 19:11199-202. [PMID: 23853059 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel transformation of methyl imines into α-iminonitriles under mild and transition-metal-free conditions is described. Three C sp 3-H bonds are cleaved in a radical pathway at room temperature under air. Simple bromide salts are employed to assist this radical process (see scheme; FG=functional group, PIDA = iodobenzene diacetate, TMS = trimethylsilyl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, PR China
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26
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Wang YQ, Zhang Y, Dong H, Zhang J, Zhao J. Phosphane-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Allenoate and Cyclic Imines: A Simple and Efficient Method for Synthesis of Benzo-Fused Cyclic Sulfamidate Heterocycles. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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28
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Chang JWW, Ton TMU, Chan PWH. Transition-metal-catalyzed aminations and aziridinations of C-H and C=C bonds with iminoiodinanes. CHEM REC 2011; 11:331-57. [PMID: 22121122 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic insertion or addition of a metal-imido/nitrene species, generated from reaction of a transition-metal catalyst with iminoiodanes, to C-H and C=C bonds offers a convenient and atom economical method for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. Following this groundbreaking discovery during the second half of the last century, the field has received an immense amount of attention with a myriad of impressive metal-mediated methods for the synthesis of amines and aziridines having been developed. This review will cover the significant progress made in improving the efficiency, versatility and stereocontrol of this important reaction. This will include the various iminoiodanes, their in situ formation, and metal catalysts that could be employed and new ligands, both chiral and non-chiral, which have been designed, as well as the application of this functional group transformation to natural product synthesis and the preparation of bioactive compounds of current therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Wei Wei Chang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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29
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Bois JD. Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Amination - An Enabling Method for Chemical Synthesis. Org Process Res Dev 2011; 15:758-762. [PMID: 21804756 PMCID: PMC3143484 DOI: 10.1021/op200046v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reaction methods for selective C-H amination are finding ever-increasing utility for the preparation of nitrogen-derived fine chemicals. This brief account highlights the remarkable versatility of dirhodium-based catalysts for promoting oxidation of aliphatic C-H centers in both intra- and intermolecular reaction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305-5080
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30
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Shimizu M, Kusunoki T, Yoshida M, Kondo K, Mizota I. Efficient Mannich Reaction Using Iminium Salts Generated from Glycine Derivatives. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Lin X, Sun J, Xi Y, Pang B. Computational interpretation of the stereoselectivity for a dirhodium tetracarboxylate-catalyzed amidation reaction. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2010.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Sakai N, Konakahara T. Development of Novel Synthetic Organic Reaction Based on Activation by a Trivalent Indium Salt. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2011. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.69.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Herrmann P, Bach T. Diastereotopos-differentiating C–H activation reactions at methylene groups. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:2022-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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35
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Kundu R, Ball ZT. Copper-catalyzed remote sp3 C-H chlorination of alkyl hydroperoxides. Org Lett 2010; 12:2460-3. [PMID: 20438056 DOI: 10.1021/ol100472t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed methodology to functionalize remote sp(3) C-H bonds in alkyl hydroperoxides is presented. The atom-transfer chlorination utilizes simple ammonium chloride salts as the chlorine source, and the internal redox process requires no external redox reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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36
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Barman DN, Liu P, Houk KN, Nicholas KM. On the Mechanism of Ligand-Assisted, Copper-Catalyzed Benzylic Amination by Chloramine-T. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100427s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti N. Barman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kenneth M. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
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37
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Yao B, Zhang Y, Li Y. Copper-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of C−OMe Bonds Adjacent to a Nitrogen Atom with Terminal Alkynes. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4554-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1007898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bangben Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Bower JF, Rujirawanich J, Gallagher T. N-Heterocycle construction via cyclic sulfamidates. Applications in synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1505-19. [DOI: 10.1039/b921842d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Bates RW, Lu Y, Cai MP. Ring opening of cyclic N,O-acetals with allyltrimethylsilane under Lewis acidic conditions. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Collet F, Dodd RH, Dauban P. Catalytic C-H amination: recent progress and future directions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:5061-74. [PMID: 20448953 DOI: 10.1039/b905820f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in catalytic C-H amination are discussed in this feature article. The careful design of reagents and catalysts now provides efficient conditions for exquisitely selective intramolecular as well as intermolecular nitrene C-H insertion. The parallel emergence of C-H activation/amination reactions opens new opportunities complementary to those offered by nitrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Collet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301 CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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41
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Zalatan DN, Bois JD. Metal-Catalyzed Oxidations of C–H to C–N Bonds. C-H ACTIVATION 2009; 292:347-78. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2009_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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42
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Sato S, Shibuya M, Kanoh N, Iwabuchi Y. Highly enantioselective intramolecular aza-spiroannulation onto indoles using chiral rhodium catalysis: asymmetric entry to the spiro-β-lactam core of chartellines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:6264-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b913770j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Tsang WCP, Munday RH, Brasche G, Zheng N, Buchwald SL. Palladium-catalyzed method for the synthesis of carbazoles via tandem C-H functionalization and C-N bond formation. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7603-10. [PMID: 18761437 PMCID: PMC2748774 DOI: 10.1021/jo801273q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a new method for the assembly of unsymmetrical carbazoles is reported. The strategy involves the selective intramolecular functionalization of an arene C-H bond and the formation of a new arene C-N bond. The substitution pattern of the carbazole product can be controlled by the design of the biaryl amide substrate, and the method is compatible with a variety of functional groups. The utility of the new protocol was demonstrated by the concise synthesis of three natural products from commercially available materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. C. Peter Tsang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Rachel H. Munday
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Gordon Brasche
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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44
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Van de Vijver P, Ostrowski T, Sproat B, Goebels J, Rutgeerts O, Van Aerschot A, Waer M, Herdewijn P. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors as potent and synergistic immunosuppressants. J Med Chem 2008; 51:3020-9. [PMID: 18438987 DOI: 10.1021/jm8000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family of enzymes is the target of many antibacterials and inhibitors of eukaryotic hyperproliferation. In screening analogues of 5'-O-(N-L-aminoacyl)-sulfamoyladenosine containing all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, we found these compounds to have potent immunosuppressive activity. Also, we found that combinations of these compounds inhibited the immune response synergistically. Based on these data, analogues with modifications at the aminoacyl and ribose moieties were designed and evaluated, and several of these showed high immunosuppressive potency, with one compound having an IC50 of 80 nM, when tested in a cellular mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Apart from showing the potential of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors as immunosuppressants, the current study also provides arguments for careful evaluation of the immunosuppressive activity of developmental antibacterials that target these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Van de Vijver
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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45
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Wang YQ, Yu CB, Wang DW, Wang XB, Zhou YG. Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfamidates via Pd-Catalyzed Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2008; 10:2071-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800591u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang-Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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46
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Thornton AR, Blakey SB. Catalytic metallonitrene/alkyne metathesis: a powerful cascade process for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5020-1. [PMID: 18355007 DOI: 10.1021/ja7111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A conceptually novel metallonitrene/alkyne metathesis cascade reaction has been developed for the construction of nitrogen-containing compounds from simple alkyne starting materials. Rhodium(II) tetracarboxylate salts are efficient catalysts for this reaction, in which an electrophilic rhodium nitrene is trapped by an alkyne, resulting in the formation of a new C-N bond and the generation of a reactive metallocarbene for cascade reaction. The reaction is tolerant of both alkyl and aryl substituents on the alkyne, and proceeds at room temperature in a variety of common solvents. The modular nature of the reaction allows for the rapid construction of congested bicyclic systems from remarkably simple alkyne starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Thornton
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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47
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D. Lubell W, Galaud F, W. Blankenship J. Crystal Structure Analysis and Reactivity of N-Alkyl- and N-Acyldioxathiazinanes. HETEROCYCLES 2008. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(n)69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Lin X, Che CM, Phillips DL. Reaction mechanism and stereoselectivity of ruthenium--porphyrin-catalyzed intramolecular amidation of sulfamate ester: a DFT computational study. J Org Chem 2007; 73:529-37. [PMID: 18092803 DOI: 10.1021/jo702011z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction mechanism of the ruthenium--porhyrin complex [Ru(por)(CO)]-catalyzed intramolecular C-H bond amidation was examined using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The metal-nitrene reactive intermediate, Ru(por)(CO)-NSO3R1 (R1 = 1-methylclohexl-methyl) was found to be highly favorable to generate in terms of the free energy profile from the reaction of the starting materials. Ru(por)(CO)-NSO3R1 may exist in both singlet and triplet states since they are close in energy. In each state, six C-H bond amidation reaction pathways were characterized structurally and energetically. The predicted most probable diastereomeric product out of the four possible diasteromeric products examined in the calculations for the amidation reactions agree well with previously reported experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR 11111, China
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49
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Lin X, Zhao C, Che CM, Ke Z, Phillips DL. A DFT study on the mechanism of Rh2(II,II)-catalyzed intramolecular amidation of carbamates. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:1101-8. [PMID: 17712831 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The potential-energy surfaces of the reactions of dirhodium tetracarboxylate (Rh2(II,II)) catalyzed nitrene (NR) insertion into C-H bonds were examined by a DFT computational study. A pure Becke exchange functional (B88) rather than a hybrid exchange functional (B3, BHandH) was found to be appropriate for the calculation of the energy difference between the singlet and triplet Rh2(II,II)-NH nitrene species. Rh2(II,II)-NR1 (R1 = (S)-2-methyl-1-butylformyl) is thermodynamically more favorable with a free energy lower than that of Rh2(II,II)-N(PhI)R1. The singlet and triplet states of Rh2(II,II)-NR1 have similar stability. Singlet Rh2(II,II)-NR1 undergoes a concerted NR insertion into the C-H bond with simultaneous formation of the N-H and N-C bonds during C-H bond cleavage; triplet Rh2(II,II)-NR1 undergoes H atom abstraction to produce a diradical, followed by subsequent bond formation by diradical recombination. The singlet pathway is favored over the triplet in the context of the free energy of activation and leads to the retention of the chirality of the C atom in the NR insertion product. The reactivities of the C-H bonds toward the nitrene-insertion reaction follow the order tertiary > secondary > primary. Relative reaction rates were calculated for the six reaction pathways examined in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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50
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Conrad RM, Du Bois J. C−H Amination in Synthesis: An Approach to the Assembly of the B/C/D Ring System of Aconitine. Org Lett 2007; 9:5465-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702375r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary M. Conrad
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
| | - J. Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080
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