1
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Falk A, Bauer JO. Structural and Electronic Effects on Phosphine Chalcogenide Stabilized Silicon Centers in Four-Membered Heterocyclic Cations. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15576-15588. [PMID: 36130169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the interplay of structural and electronic parameters in the stabilization of Lewis acidic silicon centers is crucial for stereochemical questions and applications in bond activation and catalytic transformations. Phosphine chalcogenide functionalized (Ch = O, S, and Se) hydrosilanes having tert-butyl and 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl (TMP) substituents on the silicon atom were synthesized, and the ring-closing reactions to afford the heterocyclic four-membered CPChSi cations were investigated. Synthetic access was only achieved for the sulfur- and selenium-based cations. A thorough study by means of single-crystal X-ray structure determination, NMR spectroscopic data, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided insight into important electronic and structural parameters affecting the stability of the intramolecularly stabilized cations. Detailed structural considerations were made on the contributions to the ring strain (angular strain and steric repulsion). Thermochemical investigations showed that the substituents on the silicon and phosphorus atoms play an important role for the stability of the cationic heterocycles. In the absence of large steric repulsions through bulky substituents (methyl groups on silicon and tert-butyl groups on phosphorus), an intrinsic stability sequence of the intramolecular Ch-Si coordination depending on the chalcogen atom in the direction Se ≤ S < O can be observed. However, the order is reversed (O < S < Se) in the case of strong repulsions between sterically demanding substituents (tert-butyl groups on both silicon and phosphorus atoms). Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis supported the explanations for the observed deshielding trends in 31P NMR spectroscopy and revealed that the O-Si bond is more ionic in nature compared to the S-Si and Se-Si bonds, with the latter exhibiting higher covalent character due to a more efficient charge transfer through a σ-type nCh → pSi interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Falk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan O Bauer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Ansmann N, Hartmann D, Sailer S, Erdmann P, Maskey R, Schorpp M, Greb L. Synthesis and Characterization of Hypercoordinated Silicon Anions: Catching Intermediates of Lewis Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203947. [PMID: 35438836 PMCID: PMC9325378 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anionic hypercoordinated silicates with weak donors were proposed as key intermediates in numerous silicon‐based reactions. However, their short‐lived nature rendered even spectroscopic observations highly challenging. Here, we characterize hypercoordinated silicon anions, including the first bromido‐, iodido‐, formato‐, acetato‐, triflato‐ and sulfato‐silicates. This is enabled by a new, donor‐free polymeric form of Lewis superacidic bis(perchlorocatecholato)silane 1. Spectroscopic, structural, and computational insights allow a reassessment of Gutmann's empirical rules for the role of silicon hypercoordination in synthesis and catalysis. The electronic perturbations of 1 exerted on the bound anions indicate pronounced substrate activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ansmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Deborah Hartmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Sailer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Erdmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rezisha Maskey
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry-Inorganic Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Zhou M, Liu J, Deng R, Wang Q, Wu S, Zheng P, Chi YR. Construction of Tetrasubstituted Silicon-Stereogenic Silanes via Conformational Isomerization and N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mali Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rui Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuquan Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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4
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Ansmann N, Hartmann D, Sailer S, Erdmann P, Maskey R, Schorpp M, Greb L. Synthesis and Characterization of Hypercoordinated Silicon Anions: Catching Intermediates of Lewis Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ansmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Deborah Hartmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sonja Sailer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Philipp Erdmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rezisha Maskey
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry-Inorganic Chemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
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5
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Keil H, Herbst-Irmer R, Rathjen S, Girschik C, Müller T, Stalke D. Si-H···Se Chalcogen-Hydride Bond Quantified by Diffraction and Topological Analyses. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6319-6325. [PMID: 35420429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Si-H···Se contact in 1-mesitylselanyl-8-(dimethylsilyl)naphthalene (1), which exhibits the spatial arrangement of a δ-agostic interaction from geometric considerations, was investigated. Is this just enforced by close 1,8-proximity or is this a favorable interaction? Charge density studies are best suited to investigate the exact origin of the interaction and to quantify the properties. Hence, they are most elucidating. High-resolution X-ray diffraction data of 1 were collected, and a multipole refinement followed by a topological analysis using Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules was employed. The resulting bond properties were set in relation to high-level computational parameters. The comparison to Si-H···[M] agostics, hydride bonding, chalcogen bonds, and charge-inverted hydrogen bonds qualified the Si-H···Se noncovalent interaction to be best classified as a chalcogen-hydride bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Keil
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Rathjen
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Girschik
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Aichi M, Hafied M, Dibi A. THEORETICAL STUDY OF PENTAVALENT HALOSILICONATES:
STRUCTURE AND CHARGE DELOCALIZATION. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476621060020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Kleemiss F, Wieduwilt EK, Hupf E, Shi MW, Stewart SG, Jayatilaka D, Turner MJ, Sugimoto K, Nishibori E, Schirmeister T, Schmidt TC, Engels B, Grabowsky S. Similarities and Differences between Crystal and Enzyme Environmental Effects on the Electron Density of Drug Molecules. Chemistry 2021; 27:3407-3419. [PMID: 33090581 PMCID: PMC7898524 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The crystal interaction density is generally assumed to be a suitable measure of the polarization of a low-molecular weight ligand inside an enzyme, but this approximation has seldomly been tested and has never been quantified before. In this study, we compare the crystal interaction density and the interaction electrostatic potential for a model compound of loxistatin acid (E64c) with those inside cathepsin B, in solution, and in vacuum. We apply QM/MM calculations and experimental quantum crystallography to show that the crystal interaction density is indeed very similar to the enzyme interaction density. Less than 0.1 e are shifted between these two environments in total. However, this difference has non-negligible consequences for derived properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kleemiss
- Department 2 – Biology/Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CrystallographyUniversity of BremenLeobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359 BremenGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 3, 3012 BernSwitzerland
| | - Erna K. Wieduwilt
- Department 2 – Biology/Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CrystallographyUniversity of BremenLeobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359 BremenGermany
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques (LPCT), UMR CNRS 7019Université de Lorraine & CNRSBoulevard Arago, 57078 MetzFrance
| | - Emanuel Hupf
- Department 2 – Biology/Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CrystallographyUniversity of BremenLeobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359 BremenGermany
| | - Ming W. Shi
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western Australia35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA 6009Australia
| | - Scott G. Stewart
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western Australia35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA 6009Australia
| | - Dylan Jayatilaka
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western Australia35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA 6009Australia
| | - Michael J. Turner
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western Australia35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA 6009Australia
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research InstituteSPring-81-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Materials SciencesKyoto UniversityYoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501Japan
| | - Eiji Nishibori
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials ScienceUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical SciencesJohannes-Gutenberg University MainzStaudingerweg 5, 55128 MainzGermany
| | - Thomas C. Schmidt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 WürzburgGermany
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Department 2 – Biology/Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CrystallographyUniversity of BremenLeobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359 BremenGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 3, 3012 BernSwitzerland
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8
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Trofimova O, Grebneva E, Bolgova Y, Belogolova E, Emel’yanov A, Albanov A, Borodina T, Ivanova A, Korzhova S, Pozdnyakov A. The synthesis, characterization, and theoretical analysis of novel Si-substituted silylethyl derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trifluorosilylethyl derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole C6H4NYCS(CH2)2SiF3 (Y = O, S) have been synthesized in order to study the intramolecular N → Si interaction in compounds with the SiCCSCN fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Trofimova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Grebneva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya Bolgova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Elena Belogolova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Artem Emel’yanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Albanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Tat’yana Borodina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya Ivanova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Korzhova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Pozdnyakov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy Sciences
- 664033 Irkutsk
- Russian Federation
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9
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Denhof A, Olaru M, Lork E, Mebs S, Chęcińska L, Beckmann J. Silyl Cations Stabilized by Pincer Type Ligands with Adjustable Donor Atoms. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Denhof
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Marian Olaru
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
- Department of Chemistry Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre Babes‐Bolyai University 11 Arany Janos 400028 Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Lilianna Chęcińska
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
- Department of Theoretical and Structural Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Lodz Pomorska 163/165 90‐236 Lodz Poland
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Germany
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10
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Suman P, Lone MY, Janardan S, Jha PC, Sivaramakrishna A, Clayton HS. Studies on stability and structural aspects of hydrazide-based hypercoordinate silicon(IV) complexes. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1753714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pothini Suman
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohsin Y. Lone
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sannapaneni Janardan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Sun R, Jin S, Gu L, Zhang Q, Huang Q, Ying T, Peng Y, Deng J, Yin Z, Chen X. Intercalating Anions between Terminated Anion Layers: Unusual Ionic S-Se Bonds and Hole-Doping Induced Superconductivity in S 0.24(NH 3) 0.26Fe 2Se 2. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13849-13857. [PMID: 31355639 PMCID: PMC11132993 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pairing of ions of opposite charge is a central principle of chemistry. Even though the ability to intercalate anions is desirable for many applications, it remains a key challenge for numerous host materials with their outmost layers beingn anions. In this work, we introduce a hydrothermal ion-exchange synthesis to intercalate oxidative S and Se anions between the Se layers of FeSe, which leads to single crystals of novel compounds (Se/S)x(NH3)yFe2Se2. In particular, the unusual anion-anion bonding between the intercalated S (or Se) and Se layers exhibits strong ionic characteristics. The charge transfer through the Se layer to S (or Se) intercalants is further confirmed by the elevated oxidation state of Fe ions and the dominant hole carriers in the intercalated compounds. By intercalating S, for the first time superconductivity emerged in hole-doped iron chalcogenides. The generality of this chemical approach was further demonstrated with layered FeS and NiSe. Our findings thus open an avenue to exploring diverse aspects of anionic intercalation in similar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Sun
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shifeng Jin
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingzhen Huang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Tianping Ying
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - YiRan Peng
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiping Yin
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
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12
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Bisai MK, Swamy VSVSN, Das T, Vanka K, Gonnade RG, Sen SS. Synthesis and Reactivity of a Hypersilylsilylene. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10536-10542. [PMID: 31017406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of an amidinatosilylene with a bulky tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl substituent was realized with the preparation of PhC(NtBu)2Si{Si(SiMe3)3} (1) from PhC(NtBu)2SiHCl2 with K{Si(SiMe3)3} in more than 90% yield. The highly deshielded 29Si NMR resonance (δ = 76.91 ppm) can be attributed to the absence of a π-donating substituent. The molecular structure of 1 shows a trigonal-planar geometry around the SiII center with a SiII-SiIV bond length of 2.4339(13) Å. A series of reactions of 1 with Me3NO, S, Se, and Te were performed. While siloxane derivatives (2 and 3) are obtained from reactions with Me3NO, silachalcogenones (4-6) are formed with other chalcogens. The presence of Si═E (E = S, Se, and Te) bonds in 4-6 have been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray studies. Silaoxirane (7) formation was observed when 1 was treated with acetone, demonstrating the importance of the tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl group to kinetically and thermodynamically protect the silaoxirane derivative with less bulky substituents on the C atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kumar Bisai
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - V S V S N Swamy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - Tamal Das
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - Sakya S Sen
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
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13
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Li W, Kundu S, Köhler C, Li J, Dutta S, Yang Z, Stalke D, Herbst-Irmer R, Stückl AC, Schwederski B, Koley D, Kaim W, Roesky HW. Cyclic Alkyl(amino) Carbene-Stabilized Monoradicals of Organosilicon(IV) Compounds with Small Substituents. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Köhler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jiancheng Li
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A. Claudia Stückl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Schwederski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Fugel M, Malaspina LA, Pal R, Thomas SP, Shi MW, Spackman MA, Sugimoto K, Grabowsky S. Revisiting a Historical Concept by Using Quantum Crystallography: Are Phosphate, Sulfate and Perchlorate Anions Hypervalent? Chemistry 2019; 25:6523-6532. [PMID: 30759315 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There are many examples of atoms in molecules that violate Lewis' octet rule, because they have more than four electron pairs assigned to their valence. These atoms are referred to as hypervalent. However, hypervalency may be regarded as an artifact arising from Lewis' description of molecules, which is based on the assumption that electrons are localized in two-center two-electron bonds and lone pairs. In the present paper, the isoelectronic phosphate (PO4 3- ), sulfate (SO4 2- ) and perchlorate (ClO4 - ) anions were examined with respect to the concept of hypervalency. Lewis formulas containing a hypervalent central atom exist for all three anions. Based on X-ray wavefunction refinements of high-resolution X-ray diffraction data of representative crystal structures (MgNH4 PO4 ⋅6 H2 O, Li2 SO4 ⋅H2 O, and KClO4 ), complementary bonding analyses were performed. In this way, experimental information from the new field of quantum crystallography validate long-known facts, or refute long-standing misunderstandings. It is shown that the P-O and S-O bonds are highly polarized covalent bonds and, thus, the increase in the valence population following three-center four-electron bonding is not sufficient to yield hypervalent phosphorus or sulfur atoms, respectively. However, for the highly covalent Cl-O bond, most bonding indicators imply a hypervalent chlorine atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fugel
- Department 2-Chemistry/Biology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lorraine A Malaspina
- Department 2-Chemistry/Biology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rumpa Pal
- Department 2-Chemistry/Biology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Current address: Division of Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Sajesh P Thomas
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Current address: Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center - INANO-Kemi, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ming W Shi
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mark A Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- SPring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Department 2-Chemistry/Biology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 3 and 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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15
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Fugel M, Ponomarenko MV, Hesse MF, Malaspina LA, Kleemiss F, Sugimoto K, Genoni A, Röschenthaler GV, Grabowsky S. Complementary bonding analysis of the N–Si interaction in pentacoordinated silicon compounds using quantum crystallography. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16330-16339. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The unique combination of quantum crystallography and complementary bonding analysis is used to investigate the bonding of pentacoordinated silicon atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Fugel
- University of Bremen
- Department 2: Biology/Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | | | - Maxie F. Hesse
- University of Bremen
- Department 2: Biology/Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Lorraine A. Malaspina
- University of Bremen
- Department 2: Biology/Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Florian Kleemiss
- University of Bremen
- Department 2: Biology/Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- JASRI/Diffraction & Scattering Division
- Hyogo 679-5198
- Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS)
- Kyoto University
| | | | | | - Simon Grabowsky
- University of Bremen
- Department 2: Biology/Chemistry
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
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16
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Liu D, Zhou D, Yang H, Li J, Cui C. Yttrium dialkyl supported by a silaamidinate ligand: synthesis, structure and catalysis on cyclotrimerization of isocyanates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12324-12327. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06282c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A four-coordinate yttrium dialkyl complex with a sterically demanding silaamidinate ligand exhibited high activity and excellent functional group tolerance for the catalysis of isocyanate cyclotrimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Dahai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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17
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Schürmann CJ, Herbst-Irmer R, Teuteberg TL, Kratzert D, Erker G, Mata RA, Stalke D. Experimental charge density study on FLPs and a FLP reaction product. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2018-2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The charge density distribution of the intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) Mes2PCH2CH2B(C6F5)2 (1), the phosphinimine HNPMes2CH2CH2B(C6F5)2 (2), as well as a FLP homologue with nitrogen NEt2CHPhCH2B(C6F5)2 (3) were investigated with Bader’s quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The charge densities were derived from both experimental high-resolution X-ray diffraction data (2, 3) and theoretical calculations (1, 3). The QTAIM analysis for the FLPs 1 and 3 showed the prominent B-pnictogen interaction to be weak dative bonds without significant charge-transfer. This holds also true for the B–N–bond of 2. The nitrogen atom is negatively charged, due to a charge transfer from phosphorous and shows features of a sp2-hybridization. The bond is therefore best described as a non-hypervalent Pδ+–Nδ− moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4 , Göttingen 37077 , Germany
| | | | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4 , Göttingen 37077 , Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , Münster 48149 , Germany
| | - Ricardo A. Mata
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 6 , Göttingen 37077 , Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 4 , Göttingen 37077 , Germany
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18
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Belogolova EF, Doronina EP, Sidorkin VF. Assignment of photoelectron spectra of intramolecular silicon complexes: 1-vinyl- and 1-phenylsilatranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26210-26220. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The problematic photoelectron spectra of 1-vinyl- and 1-phenylsilatranes were theoretically studied and the correlation between the VIE and thedSiNwas proposed to be used for the identification of orbitals in the Si←N coordination bond in XSi[OCH2CH2]3N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena F. Belogolova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya P. Doronina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
| | - Valery F. Sidorkin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
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19
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Kramer N, Jöst C, Mackenroth A, Greb L. Synthesis of Electron-Rich, Planarized Silicon(IV) Species and a Theoretical Analysis of Dimerizing Aminosilanes. Chemistry 2017; 23:17764-17774. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kramer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christoph Jöst
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Alexandra Mackenroth
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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20
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Hupf E, Olaru M, Raţ CI, Fugel M, Hübschle CB, Lork E, Grabowsky S, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Mapping the Trajectory of Nucleophilic Substitution at Silicon Using aperi-Substituted Acenaphthyl Scaffold. Chemistry 2017; 23:10568-10579. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
- Current address: Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Marian Olaru
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
- Centre of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Babes-Bolyai University; 11 Arany Janos Street 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Ciprian I. Raţ
- Centre of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Babes-Bolyai University; 11 Arany Janos Street 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Malte Fugel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | | | - Enno Lork
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik; Freie Universität Berlin; Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Fachbereich 2-Biologie/Chemie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Straße NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
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21
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Cui H, Teng P, Zhang E, Lu J, Zhang F, Wu M. Synthesis of a Dichlorosilaimine Coordinated by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene from ArN(SiMe3
)SiHCl2. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Peng Teng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Enbin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Jiahao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
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22
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Koch JG, Brennessel WW, Kraft BM. Neutral and Cationic Bis-Chelate Monoorganosilicon(IV) Complexes of 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinone. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Bradley M. Kraft
- Department
of Chemistry, St. John Fisher College, Rochester, New York 14618, United States
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23
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Bitto F, Brendler E, Böhme U, Wagler J, Kroke E. 3,5‐Dimethylpyrazolyl‐Substituted Di‐ and Trisiloxanes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bitto
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie TU Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Str. 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Erica Brendler
- Institut für Analytische Chemie TU Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Str. 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Uwe Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie TU Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Str. 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Jörg Wagler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie TU Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Str. 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie TU Bergakademie Freiberg Leipziger Str. 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
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24
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Charge Density and Chemical Bonding. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2015_199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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25
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Korlyukov AA, Shmatkova NV, Seifullina II, Vologzhanina AV. Understanding the structure of salicyl hydrazone metallocomplexes: crystal structure, AIM and Hirshfeld surface analysis of trichloro-(N-salicylidenebenzoylhydrazinato-N,O,O′)-tin(IV). Struct Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-015-0612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Korlyukov AA. Coordination compounds of tetravalent silicon, germanium and tin: the structure, chemical bonding and intermolecular interactions in them. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Gessner VH, Becker J, Feichtner KS. Carbene Complexes Based on Dilithium Methandiides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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28
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Sidorkin VF, Belogolova EF, Doronina EP. Assignment of photoelectron spectra of silatranes: first ionization energies and the nature of the dative Si←N contact. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26225-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04341g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The problematic experimental (8–12 eV) photoelectron spectra of silatranes were theoretically studied and the correlation was found between the first vertical ionization energies, VIEs1, and the various characteristics of the coordination Si←N contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery F. Sidorkin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
| | - Elena F. Belogolova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya P. Doronina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Favorsky
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russian Federation
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29
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Luger P, Dittrich B, Tacke R. Invariom based electron density studies on the C/Si analogues haloperidol/sila-haloperidol and venlafaxine/sila-venlafaxine. Org Biomol Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00728c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hirshfeld surfaces of haloperidol hydropicrate (left) and sila-haloperidol hydrochloride (right) show comparable sites of ED concentrations due to comparable intermolecular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Luger
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie – Anorganische Chemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institut für Angewandte und Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Hamburg
- D-20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Reinhold Tacke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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30
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Cui H, Cui C. Base-stabilized silaimine and its donor-free dimer derived from the reaction of NHC-supported silylene with SiCl4. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:20326-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03917g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilized silylene ArN(SiMe3)Si(IiPr)Cl (1, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3, IiPr = 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethyl-imidazol-2-ylidene) with SiCl4 resulted in the formation of three different products ArNSi(IiPr)Cl2 (2), ArN(SiMe3)SiCl3 (3) and (ArNSiCl2)2 (4) under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- People's Republic of China
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31
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Nikolin AA, Negrebetsky VV. Synthesis, properties and reactivity of intramolecular hypercoordinate silicon complexes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n09abeh004385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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33
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Zhang X, Lu Z, Tang Y, Fu Z, Ma D, Yang Z. A density function theory study on the NO reduction on nitrogen doped graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:20561-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02873b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen doped graphene is an efficient metal-free catalyst for NO reduction by the dimer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhansheng Lu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanan Tang
- Department of Physics and Electronic Science
- Zhengzhou Normal University
- Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Fu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang, China
| | - Dongwei Ma
- School of Physics
- Anyang Normal University
- Anyang 455000, China
| | - Zongxian Yang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang, China
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34
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Sidorkin VF, Doronina EP, Belogolova EF. A New Approach to the Design of Neutral 10-C-5 Trigonal-Bipyramidal Carbon Compounds: A “π-Electron Cap” Effect. Chemistry 2013; 19:10302-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Götz K, Gessner VH, Unkelbach C, Kaupp M, Strohmann C. Understanding Structure Formation in Organolithium Compounds: An Experimental and Quantum-Chemical Approach. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201200495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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Vedha SA, Solomon RV, Venuvanalingam P. On the Nature of Hypercoordination in Dihalogenated Perhalocyclohexasilanes. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3529-38. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swaminathan Angeline Vedha
- Theoretical and Computational
Chemistry Laboratory,
School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024,
Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajadurai Vijay Solomon
- Theoretical and Computational
Chemistry Laboratory,
School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024,
Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnambalam Venuvanalingam
- Theoretical and Computational
Chemistry Laboratory,
School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024,
Tamil Nadu, India
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37
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Azhakar R, Ghadwal RS, Roesky HW, Mata RA, Wolf H, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Reaction of N-heterocyclic silylenes with thioketone: formation of silicon-sulfur three (Si-C-S)- and five (Si-C-C-C-S)-membered ring systems. Chemistry 2013; 19:3715-20. [PMID: 23361862 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three- and five-membered rings that bear the (Si-C-S) and (Si-C-C-C-S) unit have been synthesized by the reactions of LSiCl (1; L=PhC(NtBu)2 ) and L'Si (2; L'=CH{(CCH2 )(CMe)(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 N)2 }) with the thioketone 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)thiobenzophenone. Treatment of 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)thiobenzophenone with LSiCl at room temperature furnished the [1+2]-cycloaddition product silathiacyclopropane 3. However, reaction of 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)thiobenzophenone with L'Si at low temperature afforded a [1+4]-cycloaddition to yield the five-membered ring product 4. Compounds 3 and 4 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, EIMS, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of 3 and 4 were unambiguously established by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. The room-temperature reaction of 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)thiobenzophenone with L'Si resulted in products 4 and 5, in which 4 is the dearomatized product and 5 is formed under the 1,3-migration of a hydrogen atom from the aromatic phenyl ring to the carbon atom of the CS unit. Furthermore, the optimized structures of probable products were investigated by using DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Soroceanu A, Cazacu M, Shova S, Turta C, Kožíšek J, Gall M, Breza M, Rapta P, Mac Leod TCO, Pombeiro AJL, Telser J, Dobrov AA, Arion VB. Copper(II) Complexes with Schiff Bases Containing a Disiloxane Unit: Synthesis, Structure, Bonding Features and Catalytic Activity for Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201201080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Azhakar R, Roesky HW, Holstein JJ, Pröpper K, Dittrich B. Reactivity Studies of Heteroleptic Silylenes PhC(NtBu)2SiX (X = NPh2, NMe2) toward Selected Azides. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301149q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kevin Pröpper
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birger Dittrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Azhakar R, Roesky HW, Wolf H, Stalke D. Metal free and selective activation of one C–F bond in a bound CF3 group. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1841-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc38669d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Azhakar R, Roesky HW, Wolf H, Stalke D. Reactivity of Stable Heteroleptic Silylene PhC(NtBu)2SiNPh2 toward Diazobenzene and N-Benzylidineaniline. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300999e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hilke Wolf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Sidorkin VF, Doronina EP, Belogolova EF. Cage Complexes of Carbenium and Silylium Cations with an Aromatic Base. Is the η6Coordination Type Realizable? Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3008053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valery F. Sidorkin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Favorsky, 1, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya P. Doronina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Favorsky, 1, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Elena F. Belogolova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Favorsky, 1, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
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Samuel PP, Azhakar R, Ghadwal RS, Sen SS, Roesky HW, Granitzka M, Matussek J, Herbst-Irmer R, Stalke D. Stable Silaimines with Three- and Four-Coordinate Silicon Atoms. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:11049-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301543y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prinson P. Samuel
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sakya S. Sen
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Granitzka
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Matussek
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Senthilnathan D, Kalaiselvan A, Venuvanalingam P. Sequence selectivity of azinomycin B in DNA alkylation and cross-linking: a QM/MM study. J Mol Model 2012; 19:383-90. [PMID: 22930355 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Azinomycin B--a well-known antitumor drug--forms cross-links with DNA through alkylation of purine bases and blocks tumor cell growth. This reaction has been modeled using the ONIOM (B3LYP/6-31+g(d):UFF) method to understand the mechanism and sequence selectivity. ONIOM results have been checked for reliability by comparing them with full quantum mechanics calculations for selected paths. Calculations reveal that, among the purine bases, guanine is more reactive and is alkylated by aziridine ring through the C10 position, followed by alkylation of the epoxide ring through the C21 position of Azinomycin B. While the mono alkylation is controlled kinetically, bis-alkylation is controlled thermodynamically. Solvent effects were included using polarized-continuum-model calculations and no significant change from gas phase results was observed.
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Schmøkel MS, Cenedese S, Overgaard J, Jørgensen MRV, Chen YS, Gatti C, Stalke D, Iversen BB. Testing the Concept of Hypervalency: Charge Density Analysis of K2SO4. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:8607-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301372m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mette S. Schmøkel
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Simone Cenedese
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie
Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133,
Milano, Italy
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Mads R. V. Jørgensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois
60439, United States
| | - Carlo Gatti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie
Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133,
Milano, Italy
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen
| | - Bo B. Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography,
Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
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Azhakar R, Ghadwal RS, Roesky HW, Granitzka M, Stalke D. Reactivity Studies of a Stable N-Heterocyclic Silylene with Triphenylsilanol and Pentafluorophenol. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300476q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Granitzka
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Azhakar R, Ghadwal RS, Roesky HW, Wolf H, Stalke D. Facile Access to the Functionalized N-Donor Stabilized Silylenes PhC(NtBu)2SiX (X = PPh2, NPh2, NCy2, NiPr2, NMe2, N(SiMe3)2, OtBu). Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3003762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Azhakar
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Hilke Wolf
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie der Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
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49
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Grabowsky S, Luger P, Buschmann J, Schneider T, Schirmeister T, Sobolev AN, Jayatilaka D. Die Bedeutung ionischer Bindungsanteile in Schwefeldioxid - Bindungsordnungen aus Röntgenbeugungsdaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201200745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Grabowsky S, Luger P, Buschmann J, Schneider T, Schirmeister T, Sobolev AN, Jayatilaka D. The significance of ionic bonding in sulfur dioxide: bond orders from X-ray diffraction data. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6776-9. [PMID: 22644673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201200745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Grabowsky
- The University of Western Australia, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, M313, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
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