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Nestoros E, de Moliner F, Nadal-Bufi F, Seah D, Ortega-Liebana MC, Cheng Z, Benson S, Adam C, Maierhofer L, Kozoriz K, Lee JS, Unciti-Broceta A, Vendrell M. Tuning singlet oxygen generation with caged organic photosensitizers. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7689. [PMID: 39227575 PMCID: PMC11372191 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlling the succession of chemical processes with high specificity in complex systems is advantageous for widespread applications, from biomedical research to drug manufacturing. Despite synthetic advances in bioorthogonal and photochemical methodologies, there is a need for generic chemical approaches that can universally modulate photodynamic reactivity in organic photosensitizers. Herein we present a strategy to fine-tune the production of singlet oxygen in multiple photosensitive scaffolds under the activation of bioresponsive and bioorthogonal stimuli. We demonstrate that the photocatalytic activity of nitrobenzoselenadiazoles can be fully blocked by site-selective incorporation of electron-withdrawing carbamate moieties and restored on demand upon uncaging with a wide range of molecular triggers, including abiotic transition-metal catalysts. We also prove that this strategy can be expanded to most photosensitizers, including diverse structures and spectral properties. Finally, we show that such advanced control of singlet oxygen generation can be broadly applied to the photodynamic ablation of human cells as well as to regulate the release of singlet oxygen in the semi-synthesis of natural product drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Nestoros
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fabio de Moliner
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ferran Nadal-Bufi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Deborah Seah
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Carmen Ortega-Liebana
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre Pfizer-GENYO, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Zhiming Cheng
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catherine Adam
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Larissa Maierhofer
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kostiantyn Kozoriz
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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2
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Lochenie C, Duncan S, Zhou Y, Fingerhut L, Kiang A, Benson S, Jiang G, Liu X, Mills B, Vendrell M. Photosensitizer-Amplified Antimicrobial Materials for Broad-Spectrum Ablation of Resistant Pathogens in Ocular Infections. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404107. [PMID: 38762778 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the scarcity of new potent antibiotics and antifungals are one of the biggest threats to human health. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combines light and photosensitizers to kill drug-resistant pathogens; however, there are limited materials that can effectively ablate different classes of infective pathogens. In the present work, a new class of benzodiazole-paired materials is designed as highly potent PDT agents with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity upon illumination with nontoxic light. The results mechanistically demonstrate that the energy transfer and electron transfer between nonphotosensitive and photosensitive benzodiazole moieties embedded within pathogen-binding peptide sequences result in increased singlet oxygen generation and enhanced phototoxicity. Chemical optimization renders PEP3 as a novel PDT agent with remarkable activity against MDR bacteria and fungi as well as pathogens at different stages of development (e.g., biofilms, spores, and fungal hyphae), which also prove effective in an ex vivo porcine model of microbial keratitis. The chemical modularity of this strategy and its general compatibility with peptide-based targeting agents will accelerate the design of highly photosensitive materials for antimicrobial PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Lochenie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sheelagh Duncan
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Yanzi Zhou
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Leonie Fingerhut
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Alex Kiang
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Guanyu Jiang
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Bethany Mills
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
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3
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Przygoda M, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Dynarowicz K, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Cellular Mechanisms of Singlet Oxygen in Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16890. [PMID: 38069213 PMCID: PMC10706571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the realm of photodynamic therapy (PDT), an established method for combating cancer. The foundation of PDT lies in the activation of a photosensitizing agent using specific wavelengths of light, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), notably singlet oxygen (1O2). We explore PDT's intricacies, emphasizing its precise targeting of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. We examine the pivotal role of singlet oxygen in initiating apoptosis and other cell death pathways, highlighting its potential for minimally invasive cancer treatment. Additionally, we delve into the complex interplay of cellular components, including catalase and NOX1, in defending cancer cells against PDT-induced oxidative and nitrative stress. We unveil an intriguing auto-amplifying mechanism involving secondary singlet oxygen production and catalase inactivation, offering promising avenues for enhancing PDT's effectiveness. In conclusion, our review unravels PDT's inner workings and underscores the importance of selective illumination and photosensitizer properties for achieving precision in cancer therapy. The exploration of cellular responses and interactions reveals opportunities for refining and optimizing PDT, which holds significant potential in the ongoing fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Przygoda
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-315 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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4
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Feng X, Li L, Zhao Y, Li M. Enzyme and MicroRNA Dual-Regulated Photodynamic Molecular Beacons for Cell-Selective Amplification of Antitumor Efficacy. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7743-7749. [PMID: 37406355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic molecular beacons (PMBs) are highly appealing for activatable photodynamic therapy (PDT), but their applications are hindered by limited therapeutic efficacy. Here, by molecular engineering of enzyme-responsive units in the loop region of DNA-based PMBs, we present for the first time the modular design of an enzyme/microRNA dual-regulated PMB (D-PMB) to achieve cancer-cell-selective amplification of PDT efficacy. In the design, the "inert" photosensitizers in D-PMB could be repeatedly activated in the presence of both tumor-specific enzyme and miRNA, leading to amplified generation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen species and therefore enhanced PDT efficacy in vitro and in vivo. By contrast, low photodynamic activity could be observed in healthy cells, as D-PMB activation has been largely avoided by the dual-regulatable design. This work presents a cooperatively activated PDT strategy, which enables enhanced therapeutic efficacy with improved tumor-specificity and thus conceptualizes an approach to expand the repertoire of designing smart tumor treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lele Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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5
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Walsh C, Rajora MA, Ding L, Nakamura S, Endisha H, Rockel J, Chen J, Kapoor M, Zheng G. Protease-Activatable Porphyrin Molecular Beacon for Osteoarthritis Management. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:66-80. [PMID: 37122828 PMCID: PMC10131263 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the substantial burden posed by osteoarthritis (OA) globally, difficult challenges remain in achieving early OA diagnosis and adopting effective disease-modifying treatments. In this study, we use a biomolecular approach to address these limitations by creating an inherently theranostic molecular beacon whose imaging and therapeutic capabilities are activated by early pathological changes in OA. This platform comprised (1) a peptide linker substrate for metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), a pathological protease upregulated in OA, which was conjugated to (2) a porphyrin moiety with inherent multimodal imaging, photodynamic therapy, and drug delivery capabilities, and (3) a quencher that silences the porphyrin's endogenous fluorescence and photoreactivity when the beacon is intact. In diseased OA tissue with upregulated MMP-13 expression, this porphyrin molecular beacon (PPMMP13B) was expected to undergo sequence-specific cleavage, yielding porphyrin fragments with restored fluorescence and photoreactivity that could, respectively, be used as a readout of MMP-13 activity within the joint for early OA imaging and disease-targeted photodynamic therapy. This study focused on the synthesis and characterization of PPMMP13B, followed by a proof-of-concept evaluation of its OA imaging and drug delivery potential. In solution, PPMMP13B demonstrated 90% photoactivity quenching in its intact form and robust MMP-13 activation, yielding a 13-fold increase in fluorescence post-cleavage. In vitro, PPMMP13B was readily uptaken and activated in an MMP-13 cell expression-dependent manner in primary OA synoviocytes without exuding significant cytotoxicity. This translated into effective intra-articular cartilage (to a 50 μm depth) and synovial uptake and activation of PPMMP13B in a destabilization of the medial meniscus OA mouse model, yielding strong fluorescence contrast (7-fold higher signal than background) at the diseased joint site. These results provide the foundation for further exploration of porphyrin molecular beacons for image-guided OA disease stratification, effective articular delivery of disease-modify agents, and OA photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Walsh
- Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Maneesha A. Rajora
- Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Lili Ding
- Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Sayaka Nakamura
- Schroeder
Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Krembil
Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Helal Endisha
- Schroeder
Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Krembil
Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Jason Rockel
- Schroeder
Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Krembil
Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Schroeder
Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Krembil
Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department
of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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6
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Osuchowski M, Adamczyk M, Stopa J, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Advancements in photodynamic therapy of esophageal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024576. [PMID: 36465381 PMCID: PMC9713848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer leads to the constant search for new ways of treatment of this disease. One of the methods used in high-grade dysplasia, superficial invasive carcinoma, and sometimes palliative care is photodynamic therapy (PDT). This method has come a long way from the first experimental studies to registration in the treatment of esophageal cancer and is constantly being improved and refined. This review describes esophageal cancer, current treatment methods, the introduction to PDT, the photosensitizers (PSs) used in esophageal carcinoma PDT, PDT in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus, and PDT in invasive adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. For this review, research and review articles from PubMed and Web of Science databases were used. The keywords used were "photodynamic therapy in esophageal cancer" in the years 2000-2020. The total number of papers returned was 1,000. After the review was divided into topic blocks and the searched publications were analyzed, 117 articles were selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Marta Adamczyk
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Stopa
- Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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7
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Żołyniak A, Barnaś E, Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Oleś P, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. The Use of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Brain Tumors-A Review of the Literature. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206847. [PMID: 36296440 PMCID: PMC9607067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of neoplastic disease of the brain is still a challenge for modern medicine. Therefore, advanced methodologies are needed that can rationally and successfully contribute to the early diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors growing within the brain. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) seems to be a valuable method of treatment for precancerous and cancerous lesions including brain tumors. The main advantage of PDT is its high efficiency, minimal invasiveness and no serious side effects, compared with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review was conducted through a comprehensive search of articles, scientific information databases and the websites of organizations dealing with cancer treatment. Key points from clinical trials conducted by other researchers are also discussed. The common databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Scopus, and Elsevier were used. Articles in the English language of reliable credibility were mainly analyzed. The type of publications considered included clinical and preclinical studies, systematic reviews, and case reports. Based on these collected materials, we see that scientists have already demonstrated the potential of PDT application in the field of brain tumors. Therefore, in this review, the treatment of neoplasm of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the most common tumor, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), have been explored. In addition, an overview of the general principles of PDT, as well as the mechanism of action of the therapy as a therapeutic platform for brain tumors, is described. The research was carried out in June 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.B.-A.); (A.Ż.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - Aleksandra Żołyniak
- Students Biochemistry Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.B.-A.); (A.Ż.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - Edyta Barnaś
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Machorowska-Pieniążek
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 15 Poniatowskiego Street, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Oleś
- Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.B.-A.); (A.Ż.); (A.K.-K.)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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8
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Lu S, Wei L, He W, Bi Z, Qian Y, Wang J, Lei H, Li K. Recent Advances in the Enzyme-Activatable Organic Fluorescent Probes for Tumor Imaging and Therapy. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200137. [PMID: 36200519 PMCID: PMC9535506 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of advanced probes for cancer diagnosis and treatment is of high importance in fundamental research and clinical practice. In comparison with the traditional "always-on" probes, the emerging activatable probes enjoy advantages in promoted accuracy for tumor theranostics by specifically releasing or activating fluorophores at the targeting sites. The main designing principle for these probes is to incorporate responsive groups that can specifically react with the biomarkers (e. g., enzymes) involved in tumorigenesis and progression, realizing the controlled activation in tumors. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the molecular design and biomedical application of enzyme-responsive organic fluorescent probes. Particularly, the fluorophores can be endowed with ability of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to afford the photosensitizers, highlighting the potential of these probes in simultaneous tumor imaging and therapy with rational design. We hope that this review could inspire more research interests in the development of tumor-targeting theranostic probes for advanced biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song‐Bo Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Luyao Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Wenjing He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Zhen‐Yu Bi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Qian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Hongqiu Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)Shenzhen518055P. R. China
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9
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Wu M, Huang X, Gao L, Zhou G, Xie F. The application of photodynamic therapy in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Front Chem 2022; 10:967312. [PMID: 35936104 PMCID: PMC9353173 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modern clinical treatment paradigm with the advantages of high selectivity, non-invasiveness, rare side-effect, no obvious drug resistance and easy combination with other therapies. These features have endowed PDT with high focus and application prospects. Studies of photodynamic therapy have been expanded in a lot of biomedical and clinical fields, especially Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) the author major in. In this review, we emphasize the mechanism and advances in PDT related to the PRS applications including benign pigmented lesions, vascular malformations, inflammatory lesions, tumor and others. Besides, combined with clinical data analysis, the limitation of PDT and current issues that need to be addressed in the field of PRS have also been discussed. At last, a comprehensive discussion and outlooking represent future progress of PDT in PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Feng Xie,
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Feng Xie,
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10
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Yu H, Chen B, Huang H, He Z, Sun J, Wang G, Gu X, Tang BZ. AIE-Active Photosensitizers: Manipulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Applications in Photodynamic Therapy. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050348. [PMID: 35624649 PMCID: PMC9139150 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive approach for tumor elimination that is attracting more and more attention due to the advantages of minimal side effects and high precision. In typical PDT, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from photosensitizers play the pivotal role, determining the efficiency of PDT. However, applications of traditional PDT were usually limited by the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect of the photosensitizers employed. Fortunately, photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE-active photosensitizers) have been developed with biocompatibility, effective ROS generation, and superior absorption, bringing about great interest for applications in oncotherapy. In this review, we review the development of AIE-active photosensitizers and describe molecule and aggregation strategies for manipulating photosensitization. For the molecule strategy, we describe the approaches utilized for tuning ROS generation by attaching heavy atoms, constructing a donor-acceptor effect, introducing ionization, and modifying with activatable moieties. The aggregation strategy to boost ROS generation is reviewed for the first time, including consideration of the aggregation of photosensitizers, polymerization, and aggregation microenvironment manipulation. Moreover, based on AIE-active photosensitizers, the cutting-edge applications of PDT with NIR irradiated therapy, activatable therapy, hypoxic therapy, and synergistic treatment are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Binjie Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Huiming Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Zhentao He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiangman Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Guan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (X.G.)
| | - Xinggui Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (B.C.); (H.H.); (Z.H.); (J.S.)
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (G.W.); (X.G.)
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China;
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11
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Thankarajan E, Tuchinsky H, Aviel-Ronen S, Bazylevich A, Gellerman G, Patsenker L. Antibody guided activatable NIR photosensitizing system for fluorescently monitored photodynamic therapy with reduced side effects. J Control Release 2022; 343:506-517. [PMID: 35150812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing an organic dye (photosensitizer) capable of killing cancer cells in the body upon light irradiation is one of the promising non-invasive treatment modalities for many cancers. A known drawback of PDT is a side-effect caused by existing photosensitizers to organs due to insufficient specificity and accidental light exposure of a patient during the delivery of the photosensitizer in the bloodstream. To overcome this issue, we developed a novel antibody guided, activatable photosensitizing system, Ab-mI2XCy-Ac, where the trastuzumab (Ab) is linked to the non-active (not phototoxic and not fluorescent) dye, mI2XCy-Ac, that contains the hydroxyl group protected by acetyl (Ac). This targeting, non-photo-active conjugate was shown to be safely (without detectable side-effects) delivered to the targeted tumor, where it is activated by the esterase-mediated acetyl group cleavage and effectively treats the tumor upon NIR light irradiation. It was demonstrated in the Her2 positive BT-474 tumor mouse model that the treatment efficacy of the activatable photosensitizing system is about the same as for the permanently active photosensitizer, Ab-mI2XCy, while the side-effects are noticeably reduced. In addition, this activatable system enables fluorescence monitoring of the photosensitizer activation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebaston Thankarajan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Helena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Sarit Aviel-Ronen
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Andrii Bazylevich
- Department of Chemical Sciences, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Leonid Patsenker
- Department of Chemical Sciences, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
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12
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Pontón I, Sánchez-García D. Preparation of porphyrin and phthalocyanine conjugates for biomedical applications. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621300068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to offer a succinct overview of the main synthetic techniques used in the preparation of conjugates containing porphyrins, including chlorins and bacteriochlorins and phthalocyanines for biomedical applications and photodynamic therapy (PDT). To illustrate the conjugation techniques representative examples from the literature will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Pontón
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Pham TC, Nguyen VN, Choi Y, Lee S, Yoon J. Recent Strategies to Develop Innovative Photosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13454-13619. [PMID: 34582186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 588] [Impact Index Per Article: 196.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a robust strategy to design photosensitizers (PSs) for various species. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemical-based treatment approach that involves the use of light combined with a light-activated chemical, referred to as a PS. Attractively, PDT is one of the alternatives to conventional cancer treatment due to its noninvasive nature, high cure rates, and low side effects. PSs play an important factor in photoinduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Although the concept of photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy has been widely adopted for clinical trials and bioimaging, until now, to our surprise, there has been no relevant review article on rational designs of organic PSs for PDT. Furthermore, most of published review articles in PDT focused on nanomaterials and nanotechnology based on traditional PSs. Therefore, this review aimed at reporting recent strategies to develop innovative organic photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy, with each example described in detail instead of providing only a general overview, as is typically done in previous reviews of PDT, to provide intuitive, vivid, and specific insights to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Chung Pham
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Van-Nghia Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yeonghwan Choi
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.,Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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14
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Sarbadhikary P, George BP, Abrahamse H. Recent Advances in Photosensitizers as Multifunctional Theranostic Agents for Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:9054-9088. [PMID: 34522227 PMCID: PMC8419035 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years tremendous effort has been invested in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment with an overall goal of improving cancer management, therapeutic outcome, patient survival, and quality of life. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), which works on the principle of light-induced activation of photosensitizers (PS) leading to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) mediated cancer cell killing has received increased attention as a promising alternative to overcome several limitations of conventional cancer therapies. Compared to conventional therapies, PDT offers the advantages of selectivity, minimal invasiveness, localized treatment, and spatio-temporal control which minimizes the overall therapeutic side effects and can be repeated as needed without interfering with other treatments and inducing treatment resistance. Overall PDT efficacy requires proper planning of various parameters like localization and concentration of PS at the tumor site, light dose, oxygen concentration and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment, which can be achieved with advanced imaging techniques. Consequently, there has been tremendous interest in the rationale design of PS formulations to exploit their theranostic potential to unleash the imperative contribution of medical imaging in the context of successful PDT outcomes. Further, recent advances in PS formulations as activatable phototheranostic agents have shown promising potential for finely controlled imaging-guided PDT due to their propensity to specifically turning on diagnostic signals simultaneously with photodynamic effects in response to the tumor-specific stimuli. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the development of PS-based multifunctional theranostic agents for biomedical applications in multimodal imaging combined with PDT. We also present the role of different imaging modalities; magnetic resonance, optical, nuclear, acoustic, and photoacoustic in improving the pre-and post-PDT effects. We anticipate that the information presented in this review will encourage future development and design of PSs for improved image-guided PDT for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blassan P. George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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15
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Shen J, Chen D, Liu Y, Gao G, Liu Z, Wang G, Wu C, Fang X. A biodegradable nano-photosensitizer with photoactivatable singlet oxygen generation for synergistic phototherapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4826-4831. [PMID: 34121099 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising method for cancer therapy and also may initiate unexpected damages to normal cells and tissues. Herein, we develop a near-infrared (NIR) light-activatable nanophotosensitizer, which shows negligible phototoxicity before photoactivation to improve the specificity of PDT. The nanophotosensitizer is prepared by indocyanine green carboxylic (ICG), Chlorin e6 (Ce6), and biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and all these materials have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Initially the phototoxicity of Ce6 is effectively inhibited by ICG through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Upon 808 nm laser activation, ICG generate hyperthermia for photothermal therapy (PTT) and simultaneously is degraded due to the inherently poor photostability. The FRET is disrupted and followed by the recovery of phototoxicity of Ce6 for PDT. We investigated the photoactivation and the resulting phototherapy by cellular assays and mouse models, which indicate a superior synergistic treatment effect and selective PDT activated by near-infrared 808 nm light. This study presents a promising strategy for activatable and synergistic phototherapy with minimal damage to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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16
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Li J, Wang T, Jiang F, Hong Z, Su X, Li S, Han S. Activatable Dual ROS-Producing Probe for Dual Organelle-Engaged Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4618-4628. [PMID: 35006799 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) necessitates approaches capable of increasing antitumor effects while decreasing nonspecific photodamage. We herein report an activatable probe (Glu-PyEB) comprising two distinct photosensitizers with mutually suppressed photodynamics. Activation by tumor-associated γ-glutamyltranspeptidase gives rise to a generator of superoxide radical (O2-•) accumulated in lysosomes and a producer of singlet oxygen (1O2) enriched in mitochondria. This enables light-irradiation-triggered damage of lysosomes and mitochondria, robust cell death, and tumor retardation in vivo, showing the use of paired photosensitizers subjected to reciprocally suppressed photodynamics for activatable PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shoufa Han
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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17
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Liu M, Li C. Recent Advances in Activatable Organic Photosensitizers for Specific Photodynamic Therapy. Chempluschem 2021; 85:948-957. [PMID: 32401421 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an alternative modality for the therapy of diseases such as cancer in a minimally invasive manner. The essential photosensitizer, which acts as a catalyst when absorbing light, converts oxygen into cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that ablate malignant cells through apoptosis and/or necrosis, destroy tumor microvasculature, and stimulate immunity. An activatable photosensitizer whose photoactivity could be turned on by a specific disease biomarker is capable of distinguishing healthy cells from diseased cells, thereby reducing off-target photodamage. In this Minireview, we highlight progress in activatable organic photosensitizers over the past five years, including: (i) biorthogonal activatable BODIPYs; (ii) activatable Se-rhodamine with single-cell resolution; (iii) silicon phthalocyanine targeting oxygen tension; (iv) general D-π-A scaffolds; and (v) AIEgens. The potential challenges and opportunities for developing new types of activatable organic photosensitizers to overcome the hypoxia dilemmas of photodynamic therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Changhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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18
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Lin Q, Cai S, Zhou B, Wang K, Jian L, Huang J. Dual-MicroRNA-regulation of singlet oxygen generation by a DNA-tetrahedron-based molecular logic device. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3873-3876. [PMID: 33871506 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00818h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous miRNA expression patterns are extremely cell-type-specific, thereby offering high prediction accuracy for different cell identities. Here, a DNA-tetrahedron-based "AND" logic gate is utilized as a molecular device that recognizes dual-miRNA inputs through strand hybridization to activate a computation cascade that produces controlled singlet oxygen in live cells, resulting in the death of the target cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
| | - Shijun Cai
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lixin Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
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19
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Šindelka K, Limpouchová Z, Procházka K. Solubilization of Charged Porphyrins in Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes: A Computer Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:502. [PMID: 33562022 PMCID: PMC7915837 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using coarse-grained dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) with explicit electrostatics, we performed (i) an extensive series of simulations of the electrostatic co-assembly of asymmetric oppositely charged copolymers composed of one (either positively or negatively charged) polyelectrolyte (PE) block A and one water-soluble block B and (ii) studied the solubilization of positively charged porphyrin derivatives (P+) in the interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) cores of co-assembled nanoparticles. We studied the stoichiometric mixtures of 137 A10+B25 and 137 A10-B25 chains with moderately hydrophobic A blocks (DPD interaction parameter aAS=35) and hydrophilic B blocks (aBS=25) with 10 to 120 P+ added (aPS=39). The P+ interactions with other components were set to match literature information on their limited solubility and aggregation behavior. The study shows that the moderately soluble P+ molecules easily solubilize in IPEC cores, where they partly replace PE+ and electrostatically crosslink PE- blocks. As the large P+ rings are apt to aggregate, P+ molecules aggregate in IPEC cores. The aggregation, which starts at very low loadings, is promoted by increasing the number of P+ in the mixture. The positively charged copolymers repelled from the central part of IPEC core partially concentrate at the core-shell interface and partially escape into bulk solvent depending on the amount of P+ in the mixture and on their association number, AS. If AS is lower than the ensemble average ⟨AS⟩n, the copolymer chains released from IPEC preferentially concentrate at the core-shell interface, thus increasing AS, which approaches ⟨AS⟩n. If AS>⟨AS⟩n, they escape into the bulk solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Šindelka
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Rozvojová 1, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zuzana Limpouchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Procházka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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20
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Hwang B, Kim TI, Kim H, Jeon S, Choi Y, Kim Y. Ubiquinone-BODIPY nanoparticles for tumor redox-responsive fluorescence imaging and photodynamic activity. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:824-831. [PMID: 33338098 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Successful applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment require the development of effective photosensitizers with controllable singlet oxygen generation. Here we report a ubiquinone-BODIPY photosensitizer that self-assembles into nanoparticles (PS-Q-NPs) and undergoes selective activation and deaggregation within the highly reductive intracellular environment of tumor cells. PS-Q-NPs are highly stable in aqueous buffer solution, and exhibit minimal fluorescence and photosensitization due to a rapid non-radiative relaxation process. Upon endocytosis by cancer cells, reduction of the ubiquinone moiety by intracellular glutathione (GSH) triggers the conversion of the aggregated hydrophobic precursor into the active hydrophilic carboxylate derivative PS-A. The conversion results in enhanced fluorescence and therapeutic singlet oxygen generation, portending to its application as an activatable photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghee Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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21
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Li J, Wang T, Jiang F, Hong Z, Su X, Li S, Han S. A fluorescence-activatable tumor-reporting probe for precise photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5829-5836. [PMID: 34254096 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Approaches that could enable precise photodynamic therapy (PDT) are of therapeutic potential. We herein report a trifunctional probe (Glu-RdEB) that could be activated to generate fluorescent rhodamine species to pinpoint tumor foci. The probe contains a γ-glutaminyl moiety cleavable to γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) overexpressed in multiple tumors, an entity of an ENBS photosensitizer for PDT, and an entity of rhodamine fluorescently quenched by ENBS. Upon activation by tumor-associated GGT, the probe releases highly fluorescent rhodamine that is selectively confined in tumors whereby light irradiation leads to effective tumor regression in mice. These results indicate the feasibility of a fluorescently quenched dye-photosensitizer pair to yield tumor-activatable fluorescence to direct PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Xinhui Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Shoufa Han
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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22
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Luo D, Wang X, Walker E, Wang J, Springer S, Lou J, Ramamurthy G, Burda C, Basilion JP. Nanoparticles Yield Increased Drug Uptake and Therapeutic Efficacy upon Sequential Near-Infrared Irradiation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15193-15203. [PMID: 33090762 PMCID: PMC9109620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles offer great opportunities for precision medicine. However, the use of nanoparticles as smart photosensitizers that target tumor biomarkers and are responsive to the tumor microenvironment has yet to be explored. Herein, prostate cancer (PCa)-selective theranostic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for precise cancer imaging and therapy are developed. Silicon phthalocyanine, Pc158, was synthesized and deactivated by conjugating it to AuNPs via a biocleavable linker. In vitro and in vivo, the targeted AuNPs show excellent selectivity for PSMA-positive tumor cells. Triggered release of the therapeutic, Pc158, followed by sequential photodynamic therapy (PDT) results in significant inhibition of tumor growth. Further, we demonstrate that multiple sequential PDT greatly enhances nanoparticle uptake and therapeutic efficacy. PSMA is highly expressed in the neovasculature of most other solid tumors in humans, as well as PCa, making this approach of great practical interest for precision PDT in a wide range of cancers.
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23
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Sun B, Chang R, Cao S, Yuan C, Zhao L, Yang H, Li J, Yan X, van Hest JCM. Acid-Activatable Transmorphic Peptide-Based Nanomaterials for Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20582-20588. [PMID: 32687653 PMCID: PMC7693186 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the dynamic morphology control of molecular assemblies in biological systems, we have developed pH-responsive transformable peptide-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with prolonged tumor retention times. The self-assembled peptide-porphyrin nanoparticles transformed into nanofibers when exposed to the acidic tumor microenvironment, which was mainly driven by enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bond formation between the protonated molecules. The nanoparticle transformation into fibrils improved their singlet oxygen generation ability and enabled high accumulation and long-term retention at tumor sites. Strong fluorescent signals of these nanomaterials were detected in tumor tissue up to 7 days after administration. Moreover, the peptide assemblies exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy via PDT in vivo. This in situ fibrillar transformation strategy could be utilized to design effective stimuli-responsive biomaterials for long-term imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Sun
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Chengqian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Haowen Yang
- Laboratory of ImmunoengineeringDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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Shen Z, Tung CH. Selective photo-ablation of glioma cells using an enzyme activatable photosensitizer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13860-13863. [PMID: 33089272 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05707j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An activatable photosensitizer based on methylene blue was developed and validated for its efficacy in the selective killing of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase expressing cells. The 1O2 deactivation via bond breakage, rapid in situ enzymatic photosensitivity conversion, long lysosomal retention, and nucleus relocation collectively contribute to its strong and selective photodynamic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Shen
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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25
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Sun B, Chang R, Cao S, Yuan C, Zhao L, Yang H, Li J, Yan X, Hest JCM. Acid‐Activatable Transmorphic Peptide‐Based Nanomaterials for Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Sun
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Chengqian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Haowen Yang
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jan C. M. Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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26
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Poreba M. Protease-activated prodrugs: strategies, challenges, and future directions. FEBS J 2020; 287:1936-1969. [PMID: 31991521 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteases play critical roles in virtually all biological processes, including proliferation, cell death and survival, protein turnover, and migration. However, when dysregulated, these enzymes contribute to the progression of multiple diseases, with cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammation, and blood disorders being the most prominent examples. For a long time, disease-associated proteases have been used for the activation of various prodrugs due to their well-characterized catalytic activity and ability to selectively cleave only those substrates that strictly correspond with their active site architecture. To date, versatile peptide sequences that are cleaved by proteases in a site-specific manner have been utilized as bioactive linkers for the targeted delivery of multiple types of cargo, including fluorescent dyes, photosensitizers, cytotoxic drugs, antibiotics, and pro-antibodies. This platform is highly adaptive, as multiple protease-labile conjugates have already been developed, some of which are currently in clinical use for cancer treatment. In this review, recent advancements in the development of novel protease-cleavable linkers for selective drug delivery are described. Moreover, the current limitations regarding the selectivity of linkers are discussed, and the future perspectives that rely on the application of unnatural amino acids for the development of highly selective peptide linkers are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Poreba
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
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27
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Feng Y, Chen H, Wu Y, Que I, Tamburini F, Baldazzi F, Chang Y, Zhang H. Optical imaging and pH-awakening therapy of deep tissue cancer based on specific upconversion nanophotosensitizers. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoji Du
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ching-Hsuan Tung
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
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29
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Zhai W, Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li C. Universal Scaffold for an Activatable Photosensitizer with Completely Inhibited Photosensitivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16601-16609. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Changhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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30
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Zhai W, Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li C. Universal Scaffold for an Activatable Photosensitizer with Completely Inhibited Photosensitivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Changhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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31
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Lincoln R, Van Kessel ATM, Zhang W, Cosa G. A dormant BODIPY-acrolein singlet oxygen photosensitizer intracellularly activated upon adduct formation with cysteine residues. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2003-2011. [PMID: 31268087 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00162j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the activatable photosensitizer BromoAcroB, a brominated BODIPY dye incorporating a reactive acrolein warhead. The acrolein moiety serves as an intramolecular switch, deactivating the BODIPY dye in its singlet and triplet excited states via internal conversion. Thiolate addition to this moiety disables the intramolecular quenching mechanism restoring the photosensitizing properties of the parent dye, characterized by a quantum yield of singlet oxygen photosensitization of 0.69 ± 0.02. In cell cultures, and upon thiol adduct formation, BromoAcroB induced light-dependent cell death in MRC-5 and HeLa cell lines. Using fluorescence microscopy and upon measuring the low yet non-negligible emission of the activated compound, we show that the phototoxicity of the dormant photosensitizer correlated with the quantity of BromoAcroB adducts generated. BromoAcroB thus serves as a dormant photosensitizer sensitive to intracellular electrophile response. Our results highlight the effective control of a triplet state process by modulation of an unsaturated moiety on the BODIPY scaffold and underscore the mechanistic opportunities arising for controlled singlet oxygen production in cells specifically sensitive to electrophile stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry and Quebec Center for Advanced Materials (QCAM/CQMF), McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada.
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32
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A pH-Activatable nanoparticle for dual-stage precisely mitochondria-targeted photodynamic anticancer therapy. Biomaterials 2019; 213:119219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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33
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Wang Y, Wu W, Liu J, Manghnani PN, Hu F, Ma D, Teh C, Wang B, Liu B. Cancer-Cell-Activated Photodynamic Therapy Assisted by Cu(II)-Based Metal-Organic Framework. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6879-6890. [PMID: 31194910 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of photosensitizers (PSs) in targeted lesion and minimization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) depletion by endogenous antioxidants constitute promising approaches to perform highly effective image-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) with minimal non-specific phototoxicity. Traditional strategies to fabricate controllable PS platforms rely on molecular design, which requires specific modification of each PS before PDT. Therefore, construction of a general tumor-responsive PDT platform with minimum ROS loss from endogenous antioxidant, typically glutathione (GSH), is highly desirable. Herein, MOF-199, a Cu(II) carboxylate-based metal-organic framework (MOF), is selected to serve as an inert carrier to load PSs with prohibited photosensitization during delivery. After cellular uptake, Cu (II) in the MOFs effectively scavenges endogenous GSH, concomitantly induces decomposition of MOF-199 to release the encapsulated PSs, and recovers their ROS generation. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate highly effective cancer cell ablation and anticancer PDT with diminished normal cell phototoxicity. This strategy is generally applicable to PSs with both aggregation-induced emission and aggregation-caused quenching to implement activatable and enhanced image-guided PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Purnima Naresh Manghnani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Dou Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Cathleen Teh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , 61 Biopolis Drive , Singapore 138673 , Singapore
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
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34
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Qin Y, Chen LJ, Dong F, Jiang ST, Yin GQ, Li X, Tian Y, Yang HB. Light-Controlled Generation of Singlet Oxygen within a Discrete Dual-Stage Metallacycle for Cancer Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8943-8950. [PMID: 31088049 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive control over the reversible generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) has found the practical significance in benefiting photodynamic therapy. In this study, we developed a new dual-stage metallacycle (M) by using a photosensitizer and photochromic switch as the functional building blocks, which enables the noninvasive "off-on" switching of 1O2 generation through the efficient intramolecular energy transfer. Due to the proximal placement of the functional entities within the well-defined metallacyclic scaffold, 1O2 generation in the ring-closed form state of the photochromic switch (C-M) is quenched by photoinduced energy transfer, whereas the generation of 1O2 in the ring-open form state (O-M) is activated upon light irradiation. More interestingly, the metallacycle-loaded nanoparticles with relatively high stability and water solubility were prepared, which allow for the delivery of metallacycles to cancer cells via endocytosis. Their theranostic potential has been systematically investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Under the light irradiation, the designed ring-open form nanoparticles (O-NPs) show remarkable higher cytotoxicity against cancer cells compared to the ring-closed form nanoparticles (C-NPs). In vivo experiments also revealed that tumors can be very efficiently eliminated by the designed nanoparticles under light irradiation with the ability to regulate in vivo generation of singlet oxygen. All these results demonstrated that the supramolecular coordination complexes with a dual-stage state provide a highly efficient nanoplatform for noninvasive control over the reversible generation of 1O2, thus allowing for their promising applications in tumor treatment and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Shu-Ting Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Yang Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , PR China
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Harmatys KM, Overchuk M, Zheng G. Rational Design of Photosynthesis-Inspired Nanomedicines. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1265-1274. [PMID: 31021599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sun is the most abundant source of energy on earth. Phototrophs have discovered clever strategies to harvest this light energy and convert it to chemical energy for biomass production. This is achieved in light-harvesting complexes, or antennas, that funnel the exciton energy into the reaction centers. Antennas contain an array of chlorophylls, linear tetrapyrroles, and carotenoid pigments spatially controlled by neighboring proteins. This fine-tuned regulation of protein-pigment arrangements is crucial for survival in the conditions of both excess and extreme light deficit. Photomedicine and photodiagnosis have long been utilizing naturally derived and synthetic monomer dyes for imaging, photodynamic and photothermal therapy; however, the precise regulation of damage inflicted by these therapies requires more complex architectures. In this Account, we discuss how two mechanisms found in photosynthetic systems, photoprotection and light harvesting, have inspired scientists to create nanomedicines for more effective and precise phototherapies. Researchers have been recapitulating natural photoprotection mechanisms by utilizing carotenoids and other quencher molecules toward the design of photodynamic molecular beacons (PDT beacons) for disease-specific photoactivation. We highlight the seminal studies describing peptide-linked porphyrin-carotenoid PDT beacons, which are locally activated by a disease-specific enzyme. Examples of more advanced constructs include tumor-specific mRNA-activatable and polyionic cell-penetrating PDT beacons. An alternative approach toward harnessing photosynthetic processes for biomedical applications includes the design of various nanostructures. This Account will primarily focus on organic lipid-based micro- and nanoparticles. The phenomenon of nonphotochemical quenching, or excess energy release in the form of heat, has been widely explored in the context of porphyrin-containing nanomedicines. These quenched nanostructures can be implemented toward photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Upon nanostructure disruption, as a result of tissue accumulation and subsequent cell uptake, activatable fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy can be achieved. Alternatively, processes found in nature for light harvesting under dim conditions, such as in the deep sea, can be harnessed to maximize light absorption within the tissue. Specifically, high-ordered dye aggregation that results in a bathochromic shift and increased absorption has been exploited for the collection of more light with longer wavelengths, characterized by maximum tissue penetration. Overall, the profound understanding of photosynthetic systems combined with rapid development of nanotechnology has yielded a unique field of nature-inspired photomedicine, which holds promise toward more precise and effective phototherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara M. Harmatys
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Marta Overchuk
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
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36
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Yang C, Hu R, Lu F, Guo X, Wang S, Zeng Y, Li Y, Yang G. Traceable cancer cell photoablation with a new mitochondria-responsive and -activatable red-emissive photosensitizer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3801-3804. [PMID: 30865193 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00764d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A mitochondria-responsive and -activatable photosensitizer (PS), MPS, composed of a pyridinium cation as a mitochondria targeting group and a dibenzylideneacetone derivative with environment-sensitive emission properties as the ROS generator and self-efficacy tracer, is reported. This multifunctional PS offers a new strategy for traceable photodynamic ablation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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37
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Luby BM, Walsh CD, Zheng G. Advanced Photosensitizer Activation Strategies for Smarter Photodynamic Therapy Beacons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2558-2569. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Luby
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Connor D. Walsh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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38
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Gang Zheng. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Gang Zheng. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Ji DK, Ménard-Moyon C, Bianco A. Physically-triggered nanosystems based on two-dimensional materials for cancer theranostics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 138:211-232. [PMID: 30172925 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand to develop effective methods for treating malignant diseases to improve healthcare in our society. Stimuli-responsive nanosystems, which can respond to internal or external stimuli are promising in cancer therapy and diagnosis due to their functionality and versatility. As a newly emerging class of nanomaterials, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted huge interest in many different fields including biomedicine due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In the past decade, stimuli-responsive nanosystems based on 2D nanomaterials have been widely studied, showing promising applications in cancer therapy and diagnosis, including phototherapies, magnetic therapy, drug and gene delivery, and non-invasive imaging. Here, we will focus our attention on the state-of-the-art of physically-triggered nanosystems based on graphene and two-dimensional nanomaterials for cancer therapy and diagnosis. The physical triggers include light, temperature, magnetic and electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Kun Ji
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, University of Strasbourg, UPR 3572, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, University of Strasbourg, UPR 3572, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, University of Strasbourg, UPR 3572, Strasbourg 67000, France.
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41
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Turksoy A, Yildiz D, Akkaya EU. Photosensitization and controlled photosensitization with BODIPY dyes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Luby BM, Walsh CD, Zheng G. Advanced Photosensitizer Activation Strategies for Smarter Photodynamic Therapy Beacons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Luby
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Connor D. Walsh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna InstituteUniversity Health Network 101 College St. Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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43
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Li X, Yu S, Lee Y, Guo T, Kwon N, Lee D, Yeom SC, Cho Y, Kim G, Huang JD, Choi S, Nam KT, Yoon J. In Vivo Albumin Traps Photosensitizer Monomers from Self-Assembled Phthalocyanine Nanovesicles: A Facile and Switchable Theranostic Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:1366-1372. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingshu Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsook Yu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Tian Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Cheong Yeom
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-Ro, Daewha, Pyeongchang, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Cho
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoungmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Sun Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Su M, Li S, Zhang H, Zhang J, Chen H, Li C. Nano-Assemblies from J-Aggregated Dyes: A Stimuli-Responsive Tool Applicable To Living Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:402-413. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shuoxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Haoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Changhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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45
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Callaghan S, Senge MO. The good, the bad, and the ugly - controlling singlet oxygen through design of photosensitizers and delivery systems for photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1490-1514. [PMID: 29569665 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen, although integral to photodynamic therapy, is notoriously uncontrollable, suffers from poor selectivity and has fast decomposition rates in biological media. Across the scientific community, there is a conscious effort to refine singlet oxygen interactions and initiate selective and controlled release to produce a consistent and reproducible therapeutic effect in target tissue. This perspective aims to provide an insight into the contemporary design principles behind photosensitizers and drug delivery systems that depend on a singlet oxygen response or controlled release. The discussion will be accompanied by in vitro and in vivo examples, in an attempt to highlight advancements in the field and future prospects for the more widespread application of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Callaghan
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland and Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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46
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Hu F, Xu S, Liu B. Photosensitizers with Aggregation-Induced Emission: Materials and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801350. [PMID: 30066341 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is arising as a noninvasive treatment modality for cancer and other diseases. One of the key factors to determine the therapeutic function is the efficiency of photosensitizers (PSs). Opposed to traditional PSs, which show quenched fluorescence and reduced singlet oxygen production in the aggregate state, PSs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) exhibit enhanced fluorescence and strong photosensitization ability in nanoparticles. Here, the design principles of AIE PSs and their biomedical applications are discussed in detail, starting with a summary of traditional PSs, followed by a comparison between traditional and AIE PSs to highlight the various design strategies and unique features of the latter. Subsequently, the applications of AIE PSs in photodynamic cancer cell ablation, bacteria killing, and image-guided therapy are discussed using charged AIE PSs, AIE PS molecular probes, and AIE PS nanoparticles as examples. These studies have demonstrated the great potential of AIE PSs as effective theranostic agents to treat tumor or bacterial infection. This review hopefully will spur more research interest in AIE PSs for future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Shidang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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47
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Ujiie H, Ding L, Fan R, Kato T, Lee D, Fujino K, Kinoshita T, Lee CY, Waddell TK, Keshavjee S, Wilson BC, Zheng G, Chen J, Yasufuku K. Porphyrin-High-Density Lipoprotein: A Novel Photosensitizing Nanoparticle for Lung Cancer Therapy. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 107:369-377. [PMID: 30316853 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have developed ultrasmall porphyrin-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) nanoparticles (<20 nm), called "porphyrinHDL," that have a high density of porphyrin molecules and dissociate rapidly upon tumor cell accumulation to become fluorescent and photoactive. This is introduced as a novel activatable photosensitizer for image-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). Here, we report the studies of these nanoparticles targeted to scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) expressed on lung cancer cells as a first step toward development of a minimally invasive treatment for peripheral lung cancer and metastatic lymph nodes of advanced lung cancer. METHODS The in vitro uptake of porphyrinHDL and the corresponding PDT efficacy were evaluated in both SR-BI-positive and SR-BI-negative lung cancer cell lines. A clinically relevant orthotopic lung cancer model in mice was used to examine fluorescence activation and quantification of uptake in tumor. In addition, we investigated the effect of porphyrinHDL-mediated PDT. RESULTS PorphyrinHDL promoted proper intracellular uptake in the H460 human lung cancer cell line. When irradiated with a 671-nm PDT laser, porphyrinHDL produced significant therapeutic effectiveness in vitro. After systemic administration in mice with orthotopic lung cancer xenografts, porphyrinHDL demonstrated selective accumulation and photoactivation in tumor with significantly enhanced disease-to-normal tissue contrast. Moreover, porphyrinHDL-PDT significantly induced cell apoptosis in lung tumors (73.2%) without toxicity in normal tissues or damage to adjacent critical structures. CONCLUSIONS SR-BI-targeted porphyrinHDL-mediated PDT of lung cancer is selective and effective in vitro and in vivo. These initial proof-of-principle studies suggest the potential of a "smart" PDT approach for highly selective tumor ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ujiie
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Lili Ding
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Rong Fan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Daiyoon Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Kosuke Fujino
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Tomonari Kinoshita
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Chang Young Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Thomas K Waddell
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Guided Therapeutics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Institute of Biomaterial and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Guided Therapeutics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and TECHNA Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario; Institute of Biomaterial and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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48
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Khalilzadeh B, Shadjou N, Kanberoglu GS, Afsharan H, de la Guardia M, Charoudeh HN, Ostadrahimi A, Rashidi MR. Advances in nanomaterial based optical biosensing and bioimaging of apoptosis via caspase-3 activity: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:434. [PMID: 30159750 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-3 plays a vital role in intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of programed cell death and in cell proliferation. Its detection is an important tool for early detection of some cancers and apoptosis-related diseases, and for monitoring the efficacy of pharmaceuticals and of chemo- and radiotherapy of cancers. This review (with 72 references) summarizes nanomaterial based methods for signal amplification in optical methods for the determination of caspase-3 activity. Following an introduction into the field, a first large section covers optical assays, with subsections on luminescent and chemiluminescence, fluorometric (including FRET based), and colorimetric assays. Further section summarize methods for bioimaging of caspase-3. A concluding section covers current challenges and future perspectives. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51664-14766, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Shadjou
- Department of Nanochemistry and Nanotechnology Center, Urmia University, Urmia, 57154, Iran.
| | | | - Hadi Afsharan
- Faculty of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51666-14711, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51664-14766, Iran
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50
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Yu L, Wang Q, Yeung KW, Fong WP, Lo PC. A Biotinylated and Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeted Glutathione-Responsive Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3509-3517. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Wing Yeung
- School of Life Sciences; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong
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