1
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Ooi T, Ohmatsu K, Kiyokawa M, Shirai Y, Nagato Y. Hybrid Catalysis of 8-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde and Brønsted Acid for Efficient Racemization of α-Amino Amides and Its Application in Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Martínez-Rodríguez S, Torres JM, Sánchez P, Ortega E. Overview on Multienzymatic Cascades for the Production of Non-canonical α-Amino Acids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:887. [PMID: 32850740 PMCID: PMC7431475 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22 genetically encoded amino acids (AAs) present in proteins (the 20 standard AAs together with selenocysteine and pyrrolysine), are commonly referred as proteinogenic AAs in the literature due to their appearance in ribosome-synthetized polypeptides. Beyond the borders of this key set of compounds, the rest of AAs are generally named imprecisely as non-proteinogenic AAs, even when they can also appear in polypeptide chains as a result of post-transductional machinery. Besides their importance as metabolites in life, many of D-α- and L-α-"non-canonical" amino acids (NcAAs) are of interest in the biotechnological and biomedical fields. They have found numerous applications in the discovery of new medicines and antibiotics, drug synthesis, cosmetic, and nutritional compounds, or in the improvement of protein and peptide pharmaceuticals. In addition to the numerous studies dealing with the asymmetric synthesis of NcAAs, many different enzymatic pathways have been reported in the literature allowing for the biosynthesis of NcAAs. Due to the huge heterogeneity of this group of molecules, this review is devoted to provide an overview on different established multienzymatic cascades for the production of non-canonical D-α- and L-α-AAs, supplying neophyte and experienced professionals in this field with different illustrative examples in the literature. Whereas the discovery of new or newly designed enzymes is of great interest, dusting off previous enzymatic methodologies by a "back and to the future" strategy might accelerate the implementation of new or improved multienzymatic cascades.
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3
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Bearne SL. Through the Looking Glass: Chiral Recognition of Substrates and Products at the Active Sites of Racemases and Epimerases. Chemistry 2020; 26:10367-10390. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L. Bearne
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyDepartment of ChemistryDalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
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4
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Musa MM. Enzymatic racemization of alcohols and amines: An approach for bi‐enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution. Chirality 2019; 32:147-157. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Musa M. Musa
- Chemistry DepartmentKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia
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5
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Yu J, Li J, Gao X, Zeng S, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiao Q. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for Asymmetric Synthesis of L-Noncanonical Amino Acids from D-Ser Using Tryptophan Synthase and Alanine Racemase. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shuiyun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing Medical University; 211166 Nanjing China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qingcai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; School of Life Science; Nanjing University; 210093 Nanjing P. R. China
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Dalal V, Kumar P, Rakhaminov G, Qamar A, Fan X, Hunter H, Tomar S, Golemi-Kotra D, Kumar P. Repurposing an Ancient Protein Core Structure: Structural Studies on FmtA, a Novel Esterase of Staphylococcus aureus. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:3107-3123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Rocha JF, Pina AF, Sousa SF, Cerqueira NMFSA. PLP-dependent enzymes as important biocatalysts for the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries: a structural and mechanistic perspective. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PLP-dependent enzymes described on this review are attractive targets for enzyme engineering towards their application in an industrial biotechnology framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana F. Rocha
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE
- BioSIM
- Departamento de Biomedicina
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade do Porto
| | - André F. Pina
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE
- BioSIM
- Departamento de Biomedicina
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade do Porto
| | - Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE
- BioSIM
- Departamento de Biomedicina
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade do Porto
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8
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Kawahara N, Asano Y. Retracted: Chemoenzymatic Method for Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)‐2‐Phenylglycine and (R)‐2‐Phenylglycine Amide from Benzaldehyde and KCN Using Difference of Enzyme Affinity to the Enantiomers. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Kawahara
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology ToyamaPrefectural University Imizu 939-0398 Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molucule ProjectERATO JST Imizu 939-0398 Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology ToyamaPrefectural University Imizu 939-0398 Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molucule ProjectERATO JST Imizu 939-0398 Japan
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9
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Frese A, Barrass SV, Sutton PW, Adams JP, Grogan G. An Aminocaprolactam Racemase from Ochrobactrum anthropi with Promiscuous Amino Acid Ester Racemase Activity. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1711-1715. [PMID: 29897155 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic resolution of amino acid esters (AAEs) is a useful synthetic strategy for the preparation of single-enantiomer amino acids. The development of an enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process for AAEs, which would give a theoretical yield of 100 % of the enantiopure product, would require an amino acid ester racemase (AAER); however, no such enzyme has been described. We have identified low AAER activity of 15 U mg-1 in a homologue of a PLP-dependent α-amino ϵ-caprolactam racemase (ACLR) from Ochrobactrum anthropi. We have determined the structure of this enzyme, OaACLR, to a resolution of 1.87 Å and, by using structure-guided saturation mutagenesis, in combination with a colorimetric screen for AAER activity, we have identified a mutant, L293C, in which the promiscuous AAER activity of this enzyme towards l-phenylalanine methyl ester is improved 3.7-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Frese
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sarah V Barrass
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Peter W Sutton
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
- Present address: Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Biocatalysis Group, Engineering School, Campus de la UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joe P Adams
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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10
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Tang XL, Lu XF, Wu ZM, Zheng RC, Zheng YG. Biocatalytic production of ( S )-2-aminobutanamide by a novel d -aminopeptidase from Brucella sp. with high activity and enantioselectivity. J Biotechnol 2018; 266:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Velasco-Lozano S, da Silva ES, Llop J, López-Gallego F. Sustainable and Continuous Synthesis of Enantiopure l-Amino Acids by Using a Versatile Immobilised Multienzyme System. Chembiochem 2017; 19:395-403. [PMID: 28990733 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic synthesis of α-amino acids is a sustainable and efficient alternative to chemical processes, through which achieving enantiopure products is difficult. To more address this synthesis efficiently, a hierarchical architecture that irreversibly co-immobilises an amino acid dehydrogenase with polyethyleneimine on porous agarose beads has been designed and fabricated. The cationic polymer acts as an irreversible anchoring layer for the formate dehydrogenase. In this architecture, the two enzymes and polymer colocalise across the whole microstructure of the porous carrier. This multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst was kinetically characterised and applied to the enantioselective synthesis of a variety of canonical and noncanonical α-amino acids in both discontinuous (batch) and continuous modes. The co-immobilised bienzymatic system conserves more than 50 % of its initial effectiveness after five batch cycles and 8 days of continuous operation. Additionally, the environmental impact of this process has been semiquantitatively calculated and compared with the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Eunice S da Silva
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz Haroko Kalea 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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12
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Matsui D, Fuhshuku KI, Nagamori S, Takata M, Asano Y. Isolation and characterization of racemase from Ensifer sp. 23-3 that acts on α-aminolactams and α-amino acid amides. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:1503-1510. [PMID: 28929416 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Limited information is available on α-amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL) racemase (ACLR), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme that acts on ACL and α-amino acid amides. In the present study, eight bacterial strains with the ability to racemize α-amino-ε-caprolactam were isolated and one of them was identified as Ensifer sp. strain 23-3. The gene for ACLR from Ensifer sp. 23-3 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant ACLR was then purified to homogeneity from the E. coli transformant harboring the ACLR gene from Ensifer sp. 23-3, and its properties were characterized. This enzyme acted not only on ACL but also on α-amino-δ-valerolactam, α-amino-ω-octalactam, α-aminobutyric acid amide, and alanine amide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Matsui
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fuhshuku
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8506, Japan
| | - Shingo Nagamori
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Momoko Takata
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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13
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Frese A, Sutton PW, Turkenburg JP, Grogan G. Snapshots of the Catalytic Cycle of the Industrial Enzyme α-Amino-ε-Caprolactam Racemase (ACLR) Observed Using X-ray Crystallography. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amina Frese
- York
Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W. Sutton
- GSK Medicines
Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Johan P. Turkenburg
- York
Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York
Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
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14
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Cuetos A, Steffen-Munsberg F, Mangas Sanchez J, Frese A, Bornscheuer UT, Höhne M, Grogan G. Structural Basis for Phospholyase Activity of a Class III Transaminase Homologue. Chembiochem 2016; 17:2308-2311. [PMID: 27709756 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyse a remarkable diversity of chemical reactions in nature. A1RDF1 from Arthrobacter aurescens TC1 is a fold type I, PLP-dependent enzyme in the class III transaminase (TA) subgroup. Despite sharing 28 % sequence identity with its closest structural homologues, including β-alanine:pyruvate and γ-aminobutyrate:α-ketoglutarate TAs, A1RDF1 displayed no TA activity. Activity screening revealed that the enzyme possesses phospholyase (E.C. 4.2.3.2) activity towards O-phosphoethanolamine (PEtN), an activity described previously for vertebrate enzymes such as human AGXT2L1, enzymes for which no structure has yet been reported. In order to shed light on the distinctive features of PLP-dependent phospholyases, structures of A1RDF1 in complex with PLP (internal aldimine) and PLP⋅PEtN (external aldimine) were determined, revealing the basis of substrate binding and the structural factors that distinguish the enzyme from class III homologues that display TA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anibal Cuetos
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Fabian Steffen-Munsberg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 596, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Juan Mangas Sanchez
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Amina Frese
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Höhne
- Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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15
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Miki Y, Okazaki S, Asano Y. Engineering an ATP-dependent D-Ala:D-Ala ligase for synthesizing amino acid amides from amino acids. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 44:667-675. [PMID: 27585794 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We successfully engineered a new enzyme that catalyzes the formation of D-Ala amide (D-AlaNH2) from D-Ala by modifying ATP-dependent D-Ala:D-Ala ligase (EC 6.3.2.4) from Thermus thermophilus, which catalyzes the formation of D-Ala-D-Ala from two molecules of D-Ala. The new enzyme was created by the replacement of the Ser293 residue with acidic amino acids, as it was speculated to bind to the second D-Ala of D-Ala-D-Ala. In addition, a replacement of the position with Glu performed better than that with Asp with regards to specificity for D-AlaNH2 production. The S293E variant, which was selected as the best enzyme for D-AlaNH2 production, exhibited an optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 40 °C for D-AlaNH2 production. The apparent K m values of this variant for D-Ala and NH3 were 7.35 mM and 1.58 M, respectively. The S293E variant could catalyze the synthesis of 9.3 and 35.7 mM of D-AlaNH2 from 10 and 50 mM D-Ala and 3 M NH4Cl with conversion yields of 93 and 71.4 %, respectively. This is the first report showing the enzymatic formation of amino acid amides from amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Miki
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.,MicroBiopharm Japan Co.Ltd., 1-3-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0031, Japan
| | - Seiji Okazaki
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan. .,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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16
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Payoungkiattikun W, Okazaki S, Ina A, H-Kittikun A, Asano Y. Characterization of an α-amino-ɛ-caprolactam racemase with broad substrate specificity from Citreicella sp. SE45. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 44:677-685. [PMID: 27544766 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Amino-ε-caprolactam (ACL) racemizing activity was detected in a putative dialkylglycine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.64) from Citreicella sp. SE45. The encoding gene of the enzyme was cloned and transformed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The molecular mass of the enzyme was shown to be 47.4 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzymatic properties including pH and thermal optimum and stabilities were determined. This enzyme acted on a broad range of amino acid amides, particularly unbranched amino acid amides including L-alanine amide and L-serine amide with a specific activity of 17.5 and 21.6 U/mg, respectively. The K m and V max values for D- and L-ACL were 5.3 and 2.17 mM, and 769 and 558 μmol/min.mg protein, respectively. Moreover, the turn over number (K cat) and catalytic efficiency (K cat/K m ) of purified ACL racemase from Citreicella sp. SE45 using L-ACL as a substrate were 465 S-1 and 214 S-1mM-1, respectively. The new ACL racemase from Citreicella sp. SE45 has a potential to be used as the biocatalytic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisarut Payoungkiattikun
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.,Department of Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Seiji Okazaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Ina
- Department of Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Aran H-Kittikun
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Department of Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan. .,Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan.
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17
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de Miranda AS, Miranda LS, de Souza RO. Lipases: Valuable catalysts for dynamic kinetic resolutions. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:372-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Payoungkiattikun W, Okazaki S, Nakano S, Ina A, H-Kittikun A, Asano Y. In Silico Identification for α-Amino-ε-Caprolactam Racemases by Using Information on the Structure and Function Relationship. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Distribution, industrial applications, and enzymatic synthesis of d-amino acids. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:3341-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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20
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Wang ZY, Lv PM, Yuan ZH, Luo W, Liu SN. An efficient chemoenzymatic method to prepare optically active O-methyl-d-serine. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Fuhshuku KI, Takata M, Iwatsubo H, Asano Y. Preparation of d-α-aminolactams by l-enantioselective degradation of α-aminolactam mediated by Mesorhizobium sp. L88. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yasukawa K, Asano Y. Enzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Phenylalanine Derivatives by a Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Corresponding Amide and Nitrile Substrates with a Multi-Enzyme System. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Fuhshuku KI, Asano Y. Synthesis of optically active medium-sized α-aminolactams via ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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D'Arrigo P, Cerioli L, Servi S, Viani F, Tessaro D. Synergy between catalysts: enzymes and bases. DKR of non-natural amino acids derivatives. Catal Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cy20106b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Using a synthetic oligopeptide (D-Phe)(4), a microorganism Bacillus cereus DF4-B producing alkaline D-peptidase (ADP) was isolated. The enzymatic properties have been characterized; the enzyme showed D-stereospecific dipeptidyl aminopeptidase and endopeptidase activities. The enzyme was active toward (D-Phe)(n), Boc-(D-Phe)(n), (D-Phe)(n) methyl ester, D-Phe-NH(2), Boc-(D-Phe)(n) methyl ester, and Boc-(D-Phe)(n) tert-butyl ester, but not toward (D-Ala)(n) (n = 2-4), (D-Val)(3), and (D-Leu)(2).
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Tessaro D, Cerioli L, Servi S, Viani F, D'Arrigo P. L-Amino Acid Amides via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yasukawa K, Hasemi R, Asano Y. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of α-Aminonitriles to Form Chiral α-Amino Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kaul P, Asano Y. Strategies for discovery and improvement of enzyme function: state of the art and opportunities. Microb Biotechnol 2011; 5:18-33. [PMID: 21883976 PMCID: PMC3815269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Developments in biocatalysis have been largely fuelled by consumer demands for new products, industrial attempts to improving existing process and minimizing waste, coupled with governmental measures to regulate consumer safety along with scientific advancements. One of the major hurdles to application of biocatalysis to chemical synthesis is unavailability of the desired enzyme to catalyse the reaction to allow for a viable process development. Even when the desired enzyme is available it often forces the process engineers to alter process parameters due to inadequacies of the enzyme, such as instability, inhibition, low yield or selectivity, etc. Developments in the field of enzyme or reaction engineering have allowed access to means to achieve the ends, such as directed evolution, de novo protein design, use of non‐conventional media, using new substrates for old enzymes, active‐site imprinting, altering temperature, etc. Utilization of enzyme discovery and improvement tools therefore provides a feasible means to overcome this problem. Judicious employment of these tools has resulted in significant advancements that have leveraged the research from laboratory to market thus impacting economic growth; however, there are further opportunities that have not yet been explored. The present review attempts to highlight some of these achievements and potential opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kaul
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi - 110 016, India
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Koszelewski D, Grischek B, Glueck SM, Kroutil W, Faber K. Enzymatic Racemization of Amines Catalyzed by Enantiocomplementary ω-Transaminases. Chemistry 2010; 17:378-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Isobe K, Tamauchi H, Fuhshuku KI, Nagasawa S, Asano Y. A Simple Enzymatic Method for Production of a Wide Variety of D-Amino Acids Using L-Amino Acid Oxidase from Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1. Enzyme Res 2010; 2010:567210. [PMID: 21048866 PMCID: PMC2962901 DOI: 10.4061/2010/567210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple enzymatic method for production of a wide variety of D-amino acids was developed by kinetic resolution of DL-amino acids using L-amino acid oxidase (L-AAO) with broad substrate specificity from Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1. The optimum pH of the L-AAO reaction was classified into three groups depending on the L-amino acids as substrate, and their respective activities between pH 5.5 and 8.5 accounted for more than 60% of the optimum activity. The enzyme was stable in the range from pH 6.0 to 8.0, and approximately 80% of the enzyme activity remained after incubation at 40°C for 60 min at pH 7.0. D-Amino acids such as D-citrulline, D-glutamine, D-homoserine or D-arginine, which are not produced by D-aminoacylases or D-hydantoinases, were produced from the racemic mixture within a 24-hr reaction at 30°C and pH 7.0. Thus, the present method using L-AAO was versatile for production of a wide variety of D-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiyasu Isobe
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
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Choi YK, Kim Y, Han K, Park J, Kim MJ. Synthesis of Optically Active Amino Acid Derivatives via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. J Org Chem 2009; 74:9543-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902034x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San-31 Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Yunwoong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San-31 Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Kiwon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San-31 Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jaiwook Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San-31 Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Mahn-Joo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San-31 Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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Arima J, Uesugi Y, Hatanaka T. Bacillus d-stereospecific metallo-amidohydrolase: Active-site metal-ion substitution changes substrate specificity. Biochimie 2009; 91:568-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Okazaki S, Suzuki A, Mizushima T, Kawano T, Komeda H, Asano Y, Yamane T. The Novel Structure of a Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate-Dependent Fold-Type I Racemase, α-Amino-ε-caprolactam Racemase from Achromobacter obae,. Biochemistry 2009; 48:941-50. [DOI: 10.1021/bi801574p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Okazaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Atsuo Suzuki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Mizushima
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawano
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Komeda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamane
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, and Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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Komeda H, Asano Y. A novel d-stereoselective amino acid amidase from Brevibacterium iodinum: Gene cloning, expression and characterization. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Schichl DA, Enthaler S, Holla W, Riermeier T, Kragl U, Beller M. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of α-Amino Acid Esters in the Presence of Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gruber CC, Nestl BM, Gross J, Hildebrandt P, Bornscheuer UT, Faber K, Kroutil W. Emulation of Racemase Activity by Employing a Pair of Stereocomplementary Biocatalysts. Chemistry 2007; 13:8271-6. [PMID: 17639544 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Racemization is the key step to turn a kinetic resolution process into dynamic resolution. A general strategy for racemization under mild reaction conditions by employing stereoselective biocatalysts is presented, in which racemization is achieved by employing a pair of stereocomplementary biocatalysts that reversibly interconvert an sp3 to a sp2 center. The formal interconversion of the enantiomers proceeds via a prochiral sp2 intermediate the formation of which is catalyzed either by two stereocomplementary enzymes or by a single enzyme with low stereoselectivity. By choosing appropriate reaction conditions, the amount of the prochiral intermediate is kept to a minimum. This general strategy, which is applicable to redox enzymes (e.g., by acting on R2CHOH and R2CHNHR groups) and lyase-catalyzed addition-elimination reactions, was proven for the racemization of secondary alcohols by employing alcohol dehydrogenases. Thus, enantiopure chiral alcohols were used as model substrates and were racemized either with highly stereoselective biocatalysts or by using (rarely found) non-selective enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C Gruber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Yamaguchi S, Komeda H, Asano Y. New enzymatic method of chiral amino acid synthesis by dynamic kinetic resolution of amino acid amides: use of stereoselective amino acid amidases in the presence of alpha-amino-epsilon-caprolactam racemase. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:5370-3. [PMID: 17586677 PMCID: PMC1950992 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00807-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
D- and L-amino acids were produced from L- and D-amino acid amides by D-aminopeptidase from Ochrobactrum anthropi C1-38 and L-amino acid amidase from Pseudomonas azotoformans IAM 1603, respectively, in the presence of alpha-amino-epsilon-caprolactam racemase from Achromobacter obae as the catalyst by dynamic kinetic resolution of amino acid amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigenori Yamaguchi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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Komeda H, Hariyama N, Asano Y. l-Stereoselective amino acid amidase with broad substrate specificity from Brevundimonas diminuta: characterization of a new member of the leucine aminopeptidase family. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 70:412-21. [PMID: 16001251 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2005] [Revised: 06/17/2005] [Accepted: 06/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brevundimonas diminuta TPU 5720 produces an amidase acting L-stereoselectively on phenylalaninamide. The enzyme (LaaA(Bd)) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation and four steps of column chromatography. The final preparation gave a single band on SDS-PAGE with a molecular weight of approximately 53,000. The native molecular weight of the enzyme was about 288,000 based on gel filtration chromatography, suggesting that the enzyme is active as a homohexamer. It had maximal activity at 50 degrees C and pH 7.5. LaaA(Bd) lost its activity almost completely on dialysis against potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and the amidase activity was largely restored by the addition of Co(2+) ions. The enzyme was, however, inactivated in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid even in the presence of Co(2+), suggesting that LaaA(Bd) is a Co(2+)-dependent enzyme. LaaA(Bd) had hydrolyzing activity toward a broad range of L-amino acid amides including L-phenylalaninamide, L-glutaminamide, L-leucinamide, L-methioninamide, L-argininamide, and L-2-aminobutyric acid amide. Using information on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme, the gene encoding LaaA(Bd) was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of the strain and sequenced. Analysis of 4,446 bp of the cloned DNA revealed the presence of seven open-reading frames (ORFs), one of which (laaA ( Bd )) encodes the amidase. LaaA(Bd) is composed of 491 amino acid residues (calculated molecular weight 51,127), and the deduced amino acid sequence exhibits significant similarity to that of ORFs encoding hypothetical cytosol aminopeptidases found in the genomes of Caulobacter crescentus, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Mesorhizobium loti, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and leucine aminopeptidases, PepA, from Rickettsia prowazekii, Pseudomonas putida ATCC 12633, and Escherichia coli K-12. The laaA ( Bd ) gene modified in the nucleotide sequence upstream from its start codon was overexpressed in an E. coli transformant. The activity of the recombinant LaaA(Bd) in cell-free extracts of the E. coli transformant was 25.9 units mg(-1) with L-phenylalaninamide as substrate, which was 50 times higher than that of B. diminuta TPU 5720.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenobu Komeda
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Kosugi, Japan
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41
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Asano Y, Yamaguchi S. Discovery of amino acid amides as new substrates for α-amino-ɛ-caprolactam racemase from Achromobacter obae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2005.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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