1
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Fan X, Wen Y, Chen H, Tian B, Zhang Q. Polypeptide Preparation by β-Lactone-Mediated Chemical Ligation. Org Lett 2024; 26:5436-5440. [PMID: 38900935 PMCID: PMC11232016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) represents a cornerstone strategy in accessing synthetic peptides and proteins, remaining one of the most efficacious methodologies in this domain. The fundamental requisites for achieving a proficient NCL reaction involve chemoselective coupling between a C-terminal thioester peptide and a thiol-bearing N-terminal peptide. However, achieving coupling at sterically congested residues remains challenging. In addition, while most NCLs proceed without epimerization, β-branched (e.g., Ile, Thr, Val) and Pro-derived C-terminal thioesters react slowly and can be susceptible to significant epimerization and hydrolysis. Herein, we report an epimerization-free NCL reaction via β-lactone-mediated native chemical ligation which constructs sterically congested Thr residues. The constrained ring from the β-lactone allows rapid peptide ligation without detectable epimerization. The method has a broad side-chain tolerance and was applied to the preparation of cyclic peptides and polypeptidyl thioester, which could be difficult to obtained otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Fan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North
Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Yuming Wen
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Baotong Tian
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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2
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Sato D, Denda M, Tsunematsu H, Tanaka N, Konishi I, Komiya C, Shigenaga A, Otaka A. Late-stage macrolactonisation enabled by tandem acyl transfers followed by desulphurisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2918-2921. [PMID: 35138311 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07248j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular S-acylation of a thiol-installed threonine with a thioester unit, followed by S-O acyl transfer and subsequent desulphurisation, allows the synthesis of lactone peptides. A protocol has been developed enabling the cyclisation of a linear peptide, a reaction which has not been achieved by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sato
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Masaya Denda
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Honoka Tsunematsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Naonobu Tanaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Isamu Konishi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Komiya
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Sho-machi, 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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3
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Tan Y, Wu H, Wei T, Li X. Chemical Protein Synthesis: Advances, Challenges, and Outlooks. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20288-20298. [PMID: 33211477 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Contemporary chemical protein synthesis has been dramatically advanced over the past few decades, which has enabled chemists to reach the landscape of synthetic biomacromolecules. Chemical synthesis can produce synthetic proteins with precisely controlled structures which are difficult or impossible to obtain via gene expression systems. Herein, we summarize the key enabling ligation technologies, major strategic developments, and some selected representative applications of synthetic proteins and provide an outlook for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Hongxiang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
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4
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Wang S, Thopate YA, Zhou Q, Wang P. Chemical Protein Synthesis by Native Chemical Ligation and Variations Thereof. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yogesh Abaso Thopate
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
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5
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Diemer V, Cargoët M, Monbaliu JCM, Melnyk O. Native Chemical Ligation and Extended Methods: Mechanisms, Catalysis, Scope, and Limitations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7328-7443. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ouafâa El Mahdi
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 1223 Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Vincent Diemer
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Cargoët
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Room 3/16a, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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6
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Baumruck AC, Tietze D, Steinacker LK, Tietze AA. Chemical synthesis of membrane proteins: a model study on the influenza virus B proton channel. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2365-2375. [PMID: 29719709 PMCID: PMC5897842 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00004b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NCL results in the quantitative yield of a membrane protein, where a thioester peptide is formed from an oxo-ester with an in situ cleavable solubilizing tag.
In the present study we have developed and optimized a robust strategy for the synthesis of highly hydrophobic peptides, especially membrane proteins, exemplarily using the influenza B M2 proton channel (BM2(1–51)). This strategy is based on the native chemical ligation of two fragments, where the thioester fragment is formed from an oxo-ester peptide, which is synthesized using Fmoc-SPPS, and features an in situ cleavable solubilizing tag (ADO, ADO2 or ADO-Lys5). The nearly quantitative production of the ligation product was followed by an optimized work up protocol, resulting in almost quantitative desulfurization and Acm-group cleavage. Circular dichroism analysis in a POPC lipid membrane revealed that the synthetic BM2(1–51) construct adopts a helical structure similar to that of the previously characterized BM2(1–33).
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Baumruck
- Darmstadt University of Technology , Clemens-Schöpf Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Alarich-Weiss Str. 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany .
| | - D Tietze
- Darmstadt University of Technology , Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - L K Steinacker
- Darmstadt University of Technology , Clemens-Schöpf Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Alarich-Weiss Str. 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany .
| | - A A Tietze
- Darmstadt University of Technology , Clemens-Schöpf Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Alarich-Weiss Str. 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany .
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7
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Yang J, Zhao J. Recent developments in peptide ligation independent of amino acid side-chain functional group. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Kim BM. The C-Terminal O-S Acyl Shift Pathway under Acidic Condition to Propose Peptide-Thioesters. Molecules 2016; 21:E1559. [PMID: 27869694 PMCID: PMC6272864 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide-thioester is a pivotal intermediate for peptide ligation and N-, C-terminal cyclization. In this study, desired pathway and the side products of two C-terminal handles, hydroxyethylthiol (HET) and hydroxypropylthiol (HPT) are described in different conditions as well as kinetic studies. In addition, a new mechanism of C-terminal residue racemization is proposed on the basis of differentiation of products derived from the two C-terminal handles in preparing peptide thioesters through an acid-catalyzed tandem thiol switch, first by an intramolecular O-S acyl shift, and then by an intermolecular S-S exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Mi Kim
- Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea.
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9
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Zhang S, Qi C, Wang C. Decomposition of 2-Mercaptoethyl O-Ester: S N2 Displacement or Acyl Transfer? A Theoretical Study. CHINESE J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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Guan X, Chaffey PK, Zeng C, Tan Z. New Methods for Chemical Protein Synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 363:155-92. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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11
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Modern Extensions of Native Chemical Ligation for Chemical Protein Synthesis. PROTEIN LIGATION AND TOTAL SYNTHESIS I 2014; 362:27-87. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Wang P, Dong S, Shieh JH, Peguero E, Hendrickson R, Moore MAS, Danishefsky SJ. Erythropoietin derived by chemical synthesis. Science 2013; 342:1357-1360. [PMID: 24337294 DOI: 10.1126/science.1245095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin is a signaling glycoprotein that controls the fundamental process of erythropoiesis, orchestrating the production and maintenance of red blood cells. As administrated clinically, erythropoietin has a polypeptide backbone with complex dishomogeneity in its carbohydrate domains. Here we describe the total synthesis of homogeneous erythropoietin with consensus carbohydrate domains incorporated at all of the native glycosylation sites. The oligosaccharide sectors were built by total synthesis and attached stereospecifically to peptidyl fragments of the wild-type primary sequence, themselves obtained by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The glycopeptidyl constructs were joined by chemical ligation, followed by metal-free dethiylation, and subsequently folded. This homogeneous erythropoietin glycosylated at the three wild-type aspartates with N-linked high-mannose sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides and O-linked glycophorin exhibits Procrit-level in vivo activity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Suwei Dong
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jae-Hung Shieh
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elizabeth Peguero
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ronald Hendrickson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Malcolm A S Moore
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samuel J Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
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13
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Liu F, Mayer JP. An Fmoc Compatible, O to S Shift-Mediated Procedure for the Preparation of C-Terminal Thioester Peptides. J Org Chem 2013; 78:9848-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4015112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fa Liu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - John P. Mayer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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14
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Wilson RM, Dong S, Wang P, Danishefsky SJ. The winding pathway to erythropoietin along the chemistry-biology frontier: a success at last. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7646-65. [PMID: 23775885 PMCID: PMC4729195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of a homogeneous erythropoietin (EPO), possessing the native amino acid sequence and chitobiose glycans at each of the three wild-type sites of N glycosylation, has been accomplished in our laboratory. We provide herein an account of our decade-long research effort en route to this formidable target compound. The optimization of the synergy of the two bedrock sciences we now call biology and chemistry was central to the success of the synthesis of EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Wilson
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
| | - Suwei Dong
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027
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15
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Stuhr-Hansen N, Wilbek TS, Strømgaard K. Preparation of Peptide Thioesters through Fmoc-Based Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis by Using Amino Thioesters. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Wilson RM, Dong S, Wang P, Danishefsky SJ. Der gewundene Pfad zum Erythropoietin entlang der Grenze von Chemie und Biologie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Zhang Y, Xu C, Lam HY, Lee CL, Li X. Protein chemical synthesis by serine and threonine ligation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6657-62. [PMID: 23569249 PMCID: PMC3637748 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221012110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method has been developed for the salicylaldehyde ester-mediated ligation of unprotected peptides at serine (Ser) or threonine (Thr) residues. The utility of this peptide ligation approach has been demonstrated through the convergent syntheses of two therapeutic peptides--ovine-corticoliberin and Forteo--and the human erythrocyte acylphosphatase protein (∼11 kDa). The requisite peptide salicylaldehyde ester precursor is prepared in an epimerization-free manner via Fmoc-solid-phase peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ci Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiu Yung Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Lung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wang P, Dong S, Brailsford JA, Iyer K, Townsend SD, Zhang Q, Hendrickson RC, Shieh J, Moore MAS, Danishefsky SJ. At last: erythropoietin as a single glycoform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11576-84. [PMID: 23012228 PMCID: PMC3500780 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Suwei Dong
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - John A. Brailsford
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Karthik Iyer
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Steven D. Townsend
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Ronald C. Hendrickson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - JaeHung Shieh
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Malcolm A. S. Moore
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA)
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 (USA). Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027
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19
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Wang P, Dong S, Brailsford JA, Iyer K, Townsend SD, Zhang Q, Hendrickson RC, Shieh J, Moore MAS, Danishefsky SJ. At Last: Erythropoietin as a Single Glycoform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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20
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21
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Abstract
The reaction of thioamino acids and N-terminal peptides, mediated by hindered isonitriles and hydroxybenzotriazole, gives rise to peptide bonds. In one pathway, oxytocin was synthesized by eight such reiterative amidations. In another stereospecific track, oxytocin was constructed by native chemical ligation, wherein the two building blocks were assembled by thioacid amine amidation. The NMR spectra of oxytocin and dihydrooxytocin suggest a high level of preorganization in the latter, perhaps favoring oxidative folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027
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22
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Batjargal S, Wang YJ, Goldberg JM, Wissner RF, Petersson EJ. Native chemical ligation of thioamide-containing peptides: development and application to the synthesis of labeled α-synuclein for misfolding studies. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9172-82. [PMID: 22468862 PMCID: PMC3415603 DOI: 10.1021/ja2113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thioamide modifications of the peptide backbone are used to perturb secondary structure, to inhibit proteolysis, as photoswitches, and as spectroscopic labels. Thus far, their incorporation has been confined to single peptides synthesized on solid phase. We have generated thioamides in C-terminal thioesters or N-terminal Cys fragments and examined their compatibility with native chemical ligation conditions. Most sequence variants can be coupled in good yields with either TCEP or DTT as the reductant, though some byproducts are observed with prolonged TCEP incubations. Furthermore, we find that thioamides are compatible with thiazolidine protection of an N-terminal Cys, so that multiple ligations can be used to construct larger proteins. Since the acid-lability of the thioamide prohibits on-resin thioester synthesis using Boc chemistry, we devised a method for the synthesis of thioamide peptides with a masked C-terminal thioester that is revealed in situ. Finally, we have shown that thioamidous peptides can be coupled to expressed protein fragments to generate large proteins with backbone thioamide labels by synthesizing labeled versions of the amyloid protein α-synuclein for protein folding studies. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrated that quenching of fluorescence by thioamides can be used to track conformational changes during aggregation of labeled α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solongo Batjargal
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Yanxin J. Wang
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Jacob M. Goldberg
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - Rebecca F. Wissner
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
| | - E. James Petersson
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323 USA
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23
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Macmillan D, Adams A, Premdjee B. Shifting Native Chemical Ligation into Reverse through N→S Acyl Transfer. Isr J Chem 2011; 51:885-899. [PMID: 22347724 PMCID: PMC3277902 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Peptide thioester synthesis by N→S acyl transfer is being intensively explored by many research groups the world over. Reasons for this likely include the often straightforward method of precursor assembly using Fmoc-based chemistry and the fundamentally interesting acyl migration process. In this review we introduce recent advances in this exciting area and discuss, in more detail, our own efforts towards the synthesis of peptide thioesters through N→S acyl transfer in native peptide sequences. We have found that several peptide thioesters can be readily prepared and, what's more, there appears to be ample opportunity for further development and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Macmillan
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Anna Adams
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
| | - Bhavesh Premdjee
- Christopher Ingold Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University College London20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK phone: +44 (0)20 7679 4684 e-mail:
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Schmaltz
- The Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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25
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Satyanarayana M, Vitali F, Frost JR, Fasan R. Diverse organo-peptide macrocycles via a fast and catalyst-free oxime/intein-mediated dual ligation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 48:1461-3. [PMID: 21897951 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13533c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic Organo-Peptide Hybrids (MOrPHs) can be prepared from genetically encoded polypeptides via a chemoselective and catalyst-free reaction between a trifunctional oxyamino/amino-thiol synthetic precursor and an intein-fusion protein incorporating a bioorthogonal keto group.
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26
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Zheng JS, Chang HN, Wang FL, Liu L. Fmoc synthesis of peptide thioesters without post-chain-assembly manipulation. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11080-3. [PMID: 21714552 DOI: 10.1021/ja204088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple method for the synthesis of peptide thioesters is developed using standard Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis procedures. The method relies on the use of a premade enamide-containing amino acid which, in the final TFA cleavage step, renders the desired thioester functionality through an irreversible intramolecular N-to-S acyl transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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27
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Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) is widely applicable for building proteins in the laboratory. Since the discovery of this method, many strategies have been developed to enhance its capability and efficiency. Because of the poor reactivity of proline thioesters, ligation at a C-terminal proline site is not readily accomplished. Here, we demonstrate that ligation at an N-terminal protein is feasible using the combined logic of NCL and metal-free dethiylation (MFD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Shang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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28
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Zheng JS, Xi WX, Wang FL, Li J, Guo QX. Fmoc-SPPS chemistry compatible approach for the generation of (glyco)peptide aryl thioesters. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Yuan Y, Chen J, Wan Q, Wilson RM, Danishefsky SJ. Toward fully synthetic, homogeneous glycoproteins: advances in chemical ligation. Biopolymers 2010; 94:373-84. [PMID: 20593459 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, in the pharma sciences, there has been an unstated but operative bifurcation into small molecules and biologics. Small molecules were seen to be, at the discovery level, in the province of chemistry, based on targets provided through biology. By contrast, "biologics" were seen to arise solely from the province of biology exploiting its accessible replicative mechanisms. Our laboratory has been dedicated to the proposition that explosive advances in chemical synthesis have been such as to render so called "biologics" as being accessible to chemical synthesis. In this article, we focus particularly on the area of glycopeptides. Chemical synthesis, in principle, offers an advantage, in that it can lead to homogeneous glycopeptides characterized by a single glycoform of the glycosidic domain mounted at a particular amino acid in the polypeptide domain. In support of this defining goal, a variety of new methods have been developed. The key problem addressed is that of ligation. In this article, we review how insights available from mechanistic organic chemistry have been used to create an imposing framework for the synthesis of structures which would, in an earlier day, have been seen to be strictly in the realm of chemically inaccessible "biologics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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30
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Wilson R, Danishefsky S. Zum Wirkungsbereich der chemischen Synthese: Aufbau einer Minipipeline in einem akademischen Labor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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31
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Wilson RM, Danishefsky SJ. On the Reach of Chemical Synthesis: Creation of a Mini-Pipeline from an Academic Laboratory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:6032-56. [PMID: 20661969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Wilson
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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32
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Zheng JS, Cui HK, Fang GM, Xi WX, Liu L. Chemical protein synthesis by kinetically controlled ligation of peptide O-esters. Chembiochem 2010; 11:511-5. [PMID: 20157912 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shen Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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33
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34
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Synthesis of Glycopeptides. Methods Enzymol 2010; 478:503-19. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(10)78024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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35
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Yang R, Pasunooti KK, Li F, Liu XW, Liu CF. Dual native chemical ligation at lysine. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13592-3. [PMID: 19728708 DOI: 10.1021/ja905491p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A thiol group introduced on the gamma-carbon of lysine mediates robust native chemical ligation at both the alpha- and epsilon-amines in two consecutive steps. Desulfurization then affords the final product, in which the lysine residue at the ligation site has an isopeptide bond on its side chain. The method is useful for the synthesis of proteins containing special post-translational modifications on lysine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renliang Yang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
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36
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Abstract
In this account, we describe the results of a research program directed to the proposition that chemical synthesis can play a valuable role in identifying biologic level molecules worthy of pharma level development. We recount our journey towards the chemical synthesis of homogeneous erythropoietin, the challenges we encountered, and our efforts to address deficiencies in the current "state of the art" of glycopeptide synthesis. Here we describe new methods for the synthesis of glycopeptides that have emerged from the erythropoietin adventure, including the development of unique C-terminal acyl donors, novel amide bond forming methods, and new ligation and coupling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Kan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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37
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38
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Okamoto R, Souma S, Kajihara Y. Efficient substitution reaction from cysteine to the serine residue of glycosylated polypeptide: repetitive peptide segment ligation strategy and the synthesis of glycosylated tetracontapeptide having acid labile sialyl-T(N) antigens. J Org Chem 2009; 74:2494-501. [PMID: 19236026 DOI: 10.1021/jo8026164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis of a 40-residue glycopeptide having two antigenic sialyl-T(N) (NeuAc-alpha-(2,6)-GalNAc-Thr) residues in the MUC1 sequence. This target glycopeptide is a tandem repeat form of 20-residue glycopeptides. For the synthesis of this large molecule, native chemical ligation (NCL) at the serine site was used ((Cys)NCL(Ser)). The concept of (Cys)NCL(Ser) relies on the following: (1) conventional NCL between peptide-alpha-thioester and the cysteine residue of another peptide segment; (2) methylation of the thiol that was used for NCL; (3) acidic CNBr conversion of the cysteine residue to the serine residue forming an O-ester linkage; and (4) an O- to N-acyl shift to couple the two glycopeptides through a native amide bond. To synthesize glycopeptide having an acid-labile sugar moiety, a 20-residue glycopeptide-alpha-thioester and 20-residue glycopeptide having a cysteine residue at the N-terminal were synthesized by solid phase glycopeptide synthesis, and then coupled by (Cys)NCL(Ser). As the result of extensive investigation, CNBr activation with an additional acid (trifluoroacetic acid) was found to be essential to obtain good reactivity and yield, and this condition afforded a tandem repeat form of 40-residue sialylglycopeptide having two sialyl-T(N) residues. In addition to this, it was demonstrated that the cysteine thiol protected by the acetoamidomethyl (Acm) group did not react with the CNBr reagent, and therefore (Cys)NCL(Ser) can be used for repetitive native chemical ligation in the presence of a protecting N-terminal cysteine residue with an Acm group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Okamoto
- International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2, Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0027, Japan
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39
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Tan Z, Shang S, Halkina T, Yuan Y, Danishefsky SJ. Toward homogeneous erythropoietin: non-NCL-based chemical synthesis of the Gln78-Arg166 glycopeptide domain. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:5424-31. [PMID: 19334683 PMCID: PMC2765484 DOI: 10.1021/ja808704m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Single erythropoietin (EPO) glycoforms with defined mature oligosaccharide structures and amino acid sequences are essential to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which carbohydrates exert various physiological and metabolic functions and to explore the possible links between carbohydrates and the prevention or management of diseases. To demonstrate that it is possible to generate EPO even without recourse to cysteine-based native chemical ligation, a concise synthesis of the partially protected EPO fragment (78-166) bearing fully mature N- and O-glycans is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongping Tan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Shiying Shang
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Tamara Halkina
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Yu Yuan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
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40
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Yuan Y, Chen J, Wan Q, Tan Z, Chen G, Kan C, Danishefsky SJ. Toward homogeneous erythropoietin: fine tuning of the C-terminal acyl donor in the chemical synthesis of the Cys29-Gly77 glycopeptide domain. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:5432-7. [PMID: 20560636 PMCID: PMC2891568 DOI: 10.1021/ja808705v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Described herein is the chemical synthesis of the Cys(29)-Gly(77) glycopeptide domain (22) of erythropoietin. Our initial ligation strategy targeted a C --> N termini condensation between glycopeptide 3 and peptide 4. However, the reaction was hindered by the "unattainable" reactivity, mismatched polarity, and severe aggregation of the (glyco)peptide substrates. In contrast, by tuning the C-terminal acyl donor and using smaller peptide fragments, the Cys(29)-Gly(77) glycopeptide domain of erythropoietin was prepared through unconventional N --> C termini condensation reactions. The use of a p-cyanonitrophenyl ester and the development of a masked thiophenyl ester as acyl donors enabled us to promptly access glycopeptides bearing complex carbohydrates and offer potential synthetic applications beyond our current work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Jin Chen
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Qian Wan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Zhongping Tan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gong Chen
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Cindy Kan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
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41
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Chen J, Wan Q, Yuan Y, Zhu J, Danishefsky SJ. Native chemical ligation at valine: a contribution to peptide and glycopeptide synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8521-4. [PMID: 18833563 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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42
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Wan Q, Chen J, Yuan Y, Danishefsky SJ. Oxo-ester mediated native chemical ligation: concept and applications. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15814-6. [PMID: 18855357 PMCID: PMC2645925 DOI: 10.1021/ja804993y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A direct oxo-ester peptide ligation method has been developed. Through the use of an activated C-terminal para nitrophenyl ester (1), it is possible to achieve direct cysteine ligations (1 + 2 --> 4). Peptide substrates incorporating bulky C-terminal amino acids (1) can be accommodated with high reaction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Jin Chen
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Yu Yuan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
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43
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Chen J, Wan Q, Yuan Y, Zhu J, Danishefsky S. Native Chemical Ligation at Valine: A Contribution to Peptide and Glycopeptide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Haase
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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45
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Bennett CS, Dean SM, Payne RJ, Ficht S, Brik A, Wong CH. Sugar-assisted glycopeptide ligation with complex oligosaccharides: scope and limitations. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:11945-52. [PMID: 18698778 DOI: 10.1021/ja8010513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown sugar-assisted ligation (SAL) to be a useful method for the convergent construction of glycopeptides. However to date SAL has only been carried out on systems where the thiol auxiliary is attached to a monosaccharide. For SAL to be truly applicable to the construction of fully elaborated glycopeptides and glycoproteins, it must be possible to carry out the reaction when the thiol auxiliary is attached to more elaborate sugars, as these are frequently what are observed in nature. Here we examine the effects of glycosylation at C-3, C-4, and C-6 of the C-2 auxiliary-containing glycan. Model glycopeptides where synthesized chemoenzymatically and reacted with peptide thioesters used in our previous work. These studies reveal that SAL is sensitive to extended glycosylation on the auxiliary-containing sugar. While it is possible to carry out SAL with extended glycosylation at C-4 and C-6, the presence of glycosylation at C-3 prevents the ligation from occurring. Additionally, with glycosylation at C-4 the ligation efficiency is affected by the identity of the N-terminal AA, while the nature of the C-terminal residue of the peptide thioester does not appear to affect ligation efficiency. These studies provide useful guidelines in deciding when it is appropriate to use SAL in the synthesis of complex glycopeptides and glycoproteins and how to choose ligation junctions for optimal yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clay S Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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46
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Okamoto R, Kajihara Y. Uncovering a latent ligation site for glycopeptide synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:5402-6. [PMID: 18548471 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Okamoto
- International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2, Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0027, Japan
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47
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48
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Okamoto R, Kajihara Y. Uncovering a Latent Ligation Site for Glycopeptide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Huang ZZ, Leman L, Ghadiri M. Biomimetic Catalysis of Diketopiperazine and Dipeptide Syntheses. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Wan Q, Danishefsky SJ. Free-radical-based, specific desulfurization of cysteine: a powerful advance in the synthesis of polypeptides and glycopolypeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:9248-52. [PMID: 18046687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wan
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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