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Bruzzese PC, Salvadori E, Jäger S, Hartmann M, Civalleri B, Pöppl A, Chiesa M. 17O-EPR determination of the structure and dynamics of copper single-metal sites in zeolites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4638. [PMID: 34330914 PMCID: PMC8324863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bonding of copper ions to lattice oxygens dictates the activity and selectivity of copper exchanged zeolites. By 17O isotopic labelling of the zeolite framework, in conjunction with advanced EPR methodologies and DFT modelling, we determine the local structure of single site CuII species, we quantify the covalency of the metal-framework bond and we assess how this scenario is modified by the presence of solvating H216O or H217O molecules. This enables to follow the migration of CuII species as a function of hydration conditions, providing evidence for a reversible transfer pathway within the zeolite cage as a function of the water pressure. The results presented in this paper establish 17O EPR as a versatile tool for characterizing metal-oxide interactions in open-shell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cleto Bruzzese
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Jäger
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bartolomeo Civalleri
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Andreas Pöppl
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Chiesa
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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Liao YK, Bruzzese PC, Hartmann M, Pöppl A, Chiesa M. Chromium Environment within Cr-Doped Silico-Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves from Spin Density Studies. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:8116-8124. [PMID: 34084260 PMCID: PMC8162410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c09484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
X-/Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopies have been employed, in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) modeling, to determine the location of Cr5+ions in SAPO-5 zeotype materials. The interaction of the unpaired electron of the paramagnetic Cr5+ species with 27Al could be resolved, allowing for the first detailed structural analysis of Cr5+ paramagnetic ions in SAPO materials. The interpretation of the experimental results is corroborated by DFT modeling, which affords a microscopic description of the system investigated. The EPR-active species is found to be consistent with isolated Cr5+ species isomorphously substituted in the framework at P5+ sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Liao
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Torino
and NIS Centre, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Felix
Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paolo Cleto Bruzzese
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Torino
and NIS Centre, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Felix
Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen
Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Pöppl
- Felix
Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Torino
and NIS Centre, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Morra E, Signorile M, Salvadori E, Bordiga S, Giamello E, Chiesa M. Nature and Topology of Metal-Oxygen Binding Sites in Zeolite Materials: 17 O High-Resolution EPR Spectroscopy of Metal-Loaded ZSM-5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12398-12403. [PMID: 31294524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Determining structural models is pivotal to the rational understanding and development of heterogeneous catalytic systems. A paradigmatic case is represented by open-shell metals supported on oxides, where the catalytic properties crucially depend on the nature of the metal-oxygen bonds and the extent of charge and spin transfer. Through a combination of selective 17 O isotopic enrichment and the unique properties of open-shell s-state monovalent Group 12 cations, we derive a site-specific topological description of active sites in an MFI zeolite. We show that just a few selected sites out of all possible are populated and that the relative occupancies depend on the specific properties of the metal, and we provide maps of charge and spin transfer at the metal-oxygen interface. This approach is not restricted to zeotype materials, rather it is applicable to any catalysts supported on oxygen-containing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Morra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Signorile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Elio Giamello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
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Morra E, Signorile M, Salvadori E, Bordiga S, Giamello E, Chiesa M. Nature and Topology of Metal–Oxygen Binding Sites in Zeolite Materials:
17
O High‐Resolution EPR Spectroscopy of Metal‐Loaded ZSM‐5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Morra
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Matteo Signorile
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Elio Giamello
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Torino Via Giuria, 7 10125 Torino Italy
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Rao G, Altman AB, Brown AC, Tao L, Stich TA, Arnold J, Britt RD. Metal Bonding with 3d and 6d Orbitals: An EPR and ENDOR Spectroscopic Investigation of Ti 3+-Al and Th 3+-Al Heterobimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7978-7988. [PMID: 31185562 PMCID: PMC6584900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Accessing covalent bonding interactions between actinides and ligating atoms remains a central problem in the field. Our current understanding of actinide bonding is limited because of a paucity of diverse classes of compounds and the lack of established models. We recently synthesized a thorium (Th)-aluminum (Al) heterobimetallic molecule that represents a new class of low-valent Th-containing compounds. To gain further insight into this system and actinide-metal bonding more generally, it is useful to study their underlying electronic structures. Here, we report characterization by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy of two heterobimetallic compounds: (i) a Cptt2ThH3AlCTMS3 [TMS = Si(CH3)3; Cptt = 1,3-di- tert-butylcyclopentadienyl] complex with bridging hydrides and (ii) an actinide-free Cp2TiH3AlCTMS3 (Cp = cyclopentadienyl) analogue. Analyses of the hyperfine interactions between the paramagnetic trivalent metal centers and the surrounding magnetic nuclei, 1H and 27Al, yield spin distributions over both complexes. These results show that while the bridging hydrides in the two complexes have similar hyperfine couplings ( aiso = -9.7 and -10.7 MHz, respectively), the spin density on the Al ion in the Th3+ complex is ∼5-fold larger than that in the titanium(3+) (Ti3+) analogue. This suggests a direct orbital overlap between Th and Al, leading to a covalent interaction between Th and Al. Our quantitative investigation by a pulse EPR technique deepens our understanding of actinide bonding to main-group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alison B. Altman
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexandra C. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lizhi Tao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Troy A. Stich
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - R. David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Rama Krishna C, Venkata Reddy C, Udayachandran Thampy US, Chandrasekhar AV, Reddy YP, Sambasiva Rao P, Ravikumar RVSSN. Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of Cu(II) containing chlorocadmiumphosphate Cd(HPO4)Cl·[H3N(CH2)6NH3]0.5 crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 85:160-164. [PMID: 22020167 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chlorocadmiumphosphate Cd(HPO(4))Cl·[H(3)N(CH(2))(6)NH(3)](0.5) crystals containing Cu(II) ions have been successfully synthesized at room temperature by using organic amine 1,6-diamino hexane as a template. The samples are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Thermal and spectroscopic studies. These are crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with cell dimensions: a=1.7697, b=0.6576, c=1.9026nm and β=106.5°. FT-IR spectrum showed the absorption bands related to PO(4), NH(3)(+) ions and other organic molecule vibrations originated from the templated molecule. The prepared crystals are stable at room temperature and as well as up to around 300°C which were confirmed by thermal analysis. Optical absorption and EPR studies suggest that Cu(II) ion enters in to the lattice as tetragonally distorted octahedral symmetry, for which crystal field and spin-Hamiltonian parameters are calculated. Bonding parameters are suggesting that there exists partial covalent nature between Cu(II) ions and ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Rama Krishna
- Department of Physics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar 522 510, A.P., India
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Maurelli S, Vishnuvarthan M, Chiesa M, Berlier G, Van Doorslaer S. Elucidating the Nature and Reactivity of Ti Ions Incorporated in the Framework of AlPO-5 Molecular Sieves. New Evidence from 31P HYSCORE Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7340-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja202210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maurelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Muthusamy Vishnuvarthan
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Dipartimento di Chimica IFM, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Sabine Van Doorslaer
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
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Maurelli S, Ruszak M, Witkowski S, Pietrzyk P, Chiesa M, Sojka Z. Spectroscopic CW-EPR and HYSCORE investigations of Cu2+ and O2− species in copper doped nanoporous calcium aluminate (12CaO·7Al2O3). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10933-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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