1
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Caillaud K, Ladavière C. Water‐soluble (poly)acylhydrazones: Syntheses and Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Caillaud
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Villeurbanne Cédex F‐69622 France
| | - Catherine Ladavière
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Villeurbanne Cédex F‐69622 France
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2
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Shi B, Zhou Y, Li X. Recent advances in DNA-encoded dynamic libraries. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:407-419. [PMID: 35441147 PMCID: PMC8985084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00007e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA-encoded chemical library (DEL) has emerged as a powerful technology platform in drug discovery and is also gaining momentum in academic research. The rapid development of DNA-/DEL-compatible chemistries has greatly expanded the chemical space accessible to DELs. DEL technology has been widely adopted in the pharmaceutical industry and a number of clinical drug candidates have been identified from DEL selections. Recent innovations have combined DELs with other legacy and emerging techniques. Among them, the DNA-encoded dynamic library (DEDL) introduces DNA encoding into the classic dynamic combinatorial libraries (DCLs) and also integrates the principle of fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD), making DEDL a novel approach with distinct features from static DELs. In this Review, we provide a summary of the recently developed DEDL methods and their applications. Future developments in DEDLs are expected to extend the application scope of DELs to complex biological systems with unique ligand-discovery capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University Jining Shandong 272067 P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Health@InnoHK, Innovation and Technology Commission Units 1503-1511 15/F. Building 17W Hong Kong SAR China
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3
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Yang D, Krbek LKS, Yu L, Ronson TK, Thoburn JD, Carpenter JP, Greenfield JL, Howe DJ, Wu B, Nitschke JR. Glucose Binding Drives Reconfiguration of a Dynamic Library of Urea‐Containing Metal–Organic Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Larissa K. S. Krbek
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Present address: Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - John D. Thoburn
- Department of Chemistry Randolph-Macon College Ashland VA 23005 USA
| | - John P. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jake L. Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Duncan J. Howe
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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4
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Yang D, von Krbek LKS, Yu L, Ronson TK, Thoburn JD, Carpenter JP, Greenfield JL, Howe DJ, Wu B, Nitschke JR. Glucose Binding Drives Reconfiguration of a Dynamic Library of Urea-Containing Metal-Organic Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4485-4490. [PMID: 33217126 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A bis-urea-functionalized ditopic subcomponent assembled with 2-formylpyridine and FeII , resulting in a dynamic library of metal-organic assemblies: an irregular FeII 4 L6 structure and three FeII 2 L3 stereoisomers: left- and right-handed helicates and a meso-structure. This library reconfigured in response to the addition of monosaccharide derivatives, which served as guests for specific library members, and the rate of saccharide mutarotation was also enhanced by the library. The (P) enantiomer of the FeII 2 L3 helical structure bound β-D-glucose selectively over α-D-glucose. As a consequence, the library collapsed into the (P)-FeII 2 L3 helicate following glucose addition. The α-D-glucose was likewise transformed into the β-D-anomer during equilibration and binding. Thus, β-D-glucose and (P)-3 amplified each other in the product mixture, as metal-organic and saccharide libraries geared together into a single equilibrating system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Larissa K S von Krbek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Present address: Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - John D Thoburn
- Department of Chemistry, Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, 23005, USA
| | - John P Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jake L Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Duncan J Howe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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5
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Brégier F, Hudeček O, Chaux F, Penouilh MJ, Chambron JC, Lhoták P, Aubert E, Espinosa E. Generation of Cryptophanes in Water by Disulfide Bridge Formation. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oldřích Hudeček
- ICMUB, UMR6302, CNRS; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 21000 Dijon France
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technicka 6 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Fanny Chaux
- ICMUB, UMR6302, CNRS; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 21000 Dijon France
| | | | | | - Pavel Lhoták
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technicka 6 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- CRM2, UMR7036, CNRS; Univ. Lorraine; 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- CRM2, UMR7036, CNRS; Univ. Lorraine; 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
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6
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Chung MK, Lee SJ, Waters ML, Gagné MR. Tetrameric psuedo-peptide receptors with allosteric properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8103-6. [PMID: 27265568 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03296f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the binding properties of tetrameric pseudo-peptide receptors for protonated cytidines. The receptors, which were isolated from a dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) experiment, bind the analytes with affinities that depend on the presence or absence of excess acid, and with a stoichiometry that is both concentration and temperature dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Kyung Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Stephen J Lee
- U.S. Army Research Office, P. O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | - Marcey L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Michel R Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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7
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Alfonso I. From simplicity to complex systems with bioinspired pseudopeptides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:239-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07596c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This feature article highlights some of the recent advances in creating complexity from simple pseudopeptidic molecules. The bioinspired approaches discussed here allowed an increase in the structural, chemical and interactional complexity (see figure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Alfonso
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia
- IQAC-CSIC
- Jordi Girona
- 18-26
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8
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Sadownik JW, Philp D. A recognition-mediated reaction drives amplification within a dynamic library. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10392-401. [PMID: 26324766 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01621e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A single, appropriately designed, recognition event targets and transforms one of two reactive members of an exchanging pool of compounds through a recognition-mediated irreversible cycloaddition reaction, altering dramatically the final composition and kinetic behaviour of the dynamic library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan W Sadownik
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
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9
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Li G, Zheng W, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Yang J, Huang Y, Li X. Design, preparation, and selection of DNA-encoded dynamic libraries. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7097-7104. [PMID: 28757982 PMCID: PMC5510007 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02467f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a method for the preparation and selection of DNA-encoded dynamic libraries (DEDLs). The library is composed of two sets of DNA-linked small molecules that are under dynamic exchange through DNA hybridization. Addition of the protein target shifted the equilibrium, favouring the assembly of high affinity bivalent binders. Notably, we introduced a novel locking mechanism to stop the dynamic exchange and "freeze" the equilibrium, thereby enabling downstream hit isolation and decoding by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. Our DEDL approach has circumvented the limitation of library size and realized the analysis and selection of large dynamic libraries. In addition, this method also eliminates the requirement for modified and immobilized target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education , Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871 .
| | - Wenlu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics , School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen , China 518055
| | - Zitian Chen
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Centre (BIOPIC) and College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics , School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen , China 518055
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education , Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871 .
| | - Junrui Yang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Centre (BIOPIC) and College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Centre (BIOPIC) and College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education , Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , China 100871 . .,Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics , School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen , China 518055
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10
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Ulatowski F, Lichosyt D, Jurczak J. Introducing a static receptor to compete with a dynamic combinatorial library in template binding. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10451-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01698c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Association constants can be obtained from HPLC analysis of a system comprising a dynamic combinatorial library and a static host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Ulatowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Dawid Lichosyt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Janusz Jurczak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Warsaw
- Poland
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11
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Ulatowski F, Sadowska-Kuzioła A, Jurczak J. "Choose-a-size" approach in dynamic combinatorial chemistry: a single substrate dynamic combinatorial library of oligomacrocycles that adapts to the size and shape of carboxylates. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9762-70. [PMID: 25280250 DOI: 10.1021/jo501956h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A neutral anion binding receptor based on dipicolinic acid diamide was equipped with thiol groups in the amidic side arms. After the thiol was oxidized to disulfide groups with I2, a mixture of cyclic oligomers (a library) was obtained. The distribution of macrocycles can be controlled kinetically during the oxidation process or thermodynamically at basic conditions via disulfide bond exchange. The library proved to be very sensitive to templation with various carboxylates in DMSO. The amplification pattern reflects the structural features of the anionic template and is sensitive to changes in the template's geometry. The application of carboxylates with multiple functional groups resulted in very strong amplification of the large penta- and hexameric macrocycles. The thermodynamic parameters of some templation effects were rationalized using a simple model and confirmed using competitive NMR titration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Ulatowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Matache M, Bogdan E, Hădade ND. Selective Host Molecules Obtained by Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry. Chemistry 2014; 20:2106-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Ulrich S, Dumy P. Probing secondary interactions in biomolecular recognition by dynamic combinatorial chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5810-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00263f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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14
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Chung MK, White PS, Lee SJ, Waters ML, Gagné MR. Self-Assembled Multi-Component Catenanes: Structural Insights into an Adaptable Class of Molecular Receptors and [2]-Catenanes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11415-29. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302345n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Kyung Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Peter S. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lee
- U.S. Army Research Office, P.O.
Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Marcey L. Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Michel R. Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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15
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Miller BL. DCC in the development of nucleic acid targeted and nucleic acid inspired structures. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2012; 322:107-37. [PMID: 21769715 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acids were one of the first biological targets explored with DCC, and research into the application has continued to yield novel and useful structures for sequence- and structure-selective recognition of oligonucleotides. This chapter reviews major developments in DNA- and RNA-targeted DCC, including methods under development for the conversion of DCC-derived lead compounds into probe molecules suitable for studies in vitro and in vivo. Innovative applications of DCC for the discovery of new materials based on nucleic acids and new methods for the modification of nucleic acid structure and function are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Miller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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16
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Meng W, Clegg JK, Thoburn JD, Nitschke JR. Controlling the transmission of stereochemical information through space in terphenyl-edged Fe4L6 cages. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:13652-60. [PMID: 21790184 DOI: 10.1021/ja205254s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of terphenyl-edged Fe(4)L(6) cages were synthesized from substituted 4,4''-diamino-p-terphenyls, 2-formylpyridine, and iron(II). For the parent diaminoterphenyl, all three possible diastereomers, with T, S(4), and C(3) point symmetries, were formed in nearly equal amounts, as determined by (1)H and (13)C NMR. When 2,2″-dimethylterphenylenediamine was used, the T-symmetry diastereomer was observed to predominate. The use of 2',3',5',6'-tetramethylterphenylenediamine generated predominantly the S(4) cage diastereomer, whereas 2',5'-dimethylterphenylenediamine produced the C(3)-symmetric cage to a greater degree than the other two diastereomers. The factors contributing to the transfer of chiral information between metal vertices were analyzed, and the general principles underlying the delicately balanced thermodynamics were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Meng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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17
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Beeren SR, Pittelkow M, Sanders JKM. From static to dynamic: escaping kinetic traps in hydrazone-based dynamic combinatorial libraries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:7359-61. [PMID: 21643569 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic control over kinetically-trapped mixtures of hydrazone-based macrocycles is achieved by addition of an aromatic monohydrazide to generate dynamic combinatorial libraries (DCLs) of linear and macrocyclic oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Beeren
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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18
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Lippert AR, Naganawa A, Keleshian VL, Bode JW. Synthesis of phototrappable shape-shifting molecules for adaptive guest binding. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 132:15790-9. [PMID: 20945902 DOI: 10.1021/ja107314p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized oligosubstituted bullvalenes 1 and 2 as adaptive molecules that can change their shapes in order to bind tightly to a suitable guest. By incorporation of a photolabile o-nitroveratryloxycarbonate (NVOC) group into bullvalenes 1 and 2, tightly binding species can be selectively isolated from a population of hundreds of interconverting structural isomers. Spontaneous strain-assisted Cope rearrangements allow these shape-shifting molecules to exist in a dynamic equilibrium of configurationally distinct valence isomers, as revealed by dynamic NMR and HPLC studies. When NVOC bullvalenes 1 and 2 were exposed to UV light, the cleavage of the NVOC group resulted in a mixture of static isomers of the corresponding bullvalone. Binding studies of NVOC bisporphyrin bullvalene 1 demonstrated that the dynamic isomeric equilibrium shifted in the presence of C(60), favoring configurations with more favorable binding affinities. Irradiation of a mixture of 1 and C(60) with UV light and isolation of the major static isomer yielded an isomer of bisporphyrin bullvalone with a binding affinity for C(60) that was ∼2 times larger than that of the nonadapted isomer bisporphyrin bullvalone 41.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Lippert
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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19
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Beeren SR, Sanders JKM. Discovery of linear receptors for multiple dihydrogen phosphate ions using dynamic combinatorial chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3804-7. [PMID: 21361379 DOI: 10.1021/ja200130h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the use of dynamic combinatorial chemistry to discover a new series of linear hydrazone-based receptors that bind multiple dihydrogen phosphate ions. Through the use of a template-driven, selection-based approach to receptor synthesis, dynamic combinatorial chemistry allows for the identification of unexpected host structures and binding motifs. Notably, we observed the unprecedented selection of these linear receptors in preference to competing macrocyclic hosts. Furthermore, linear receptors containing up to nine building blocks and three different building blocks were amplified in the dynamic combinatorial library. The receptors were formed using a dihydrazide building block based on an amino acid-disubstituted ferrocene scaffold. A detailed study of the linear pentamer revealed that it forms a helical ditopic receptor that employs four acylhydrazone hydrogen-bond donor motifs to cooperatively bind two dihydrogen phosphate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Beeren
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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20
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Hunt RAR, Otto S. Dynamic combinatorial libraries: new opportunities in systems chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:847-58. [PMID: 21116521 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A R Hunt
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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21
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Chung MK, Severin K, Lee SJ, Waters ML, Gagné MR. Constitutionally selective amplification of multicomponent 84-membered macrocyclic hosts for (−)-cytidine•H+. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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22
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Di Stefano S, Mazzonna M, Bodo E, Mandolini L, Lanzalunga O. Photoinversion of Sulfoxides as a Source of Diversity in Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry. Org Lett 2010; 13:142-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102715p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche-IMC, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzonna
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche-IMC, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche-IMC, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Mandolini
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche-IMC, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche-IMC, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Takahagi H, Iwasawa N. Crystallization-Controlled Dynamic Self-Assembly and an On/Off Switch for Equilibration Using Boronic Ester Formation. Chemistry 2010; 16:13680-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Chung MK, White PS, Lee SJ, Gagné MR. Synthesis of interlocked 56-membered rings by dynamic self-templating. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8683-6. [PMID: 19816896 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Kyung Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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25
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Simpson MG, Pittelkow M, Watson SP, Sanders JKM. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry with hydrazones: libraries incorporating heterocyclic and steroidal motifs. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1181-7. [PMID: 20165811 DOI: 10.1039/b917146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We expand the possibilities in hydrazone based dynamic combinatorial chemistry with a series of new building blocks incorporating heterocyclic motifs. The synthetic procedure allows efficient access to building blocks with the general structure (MeO)(2)CH-Heterocycle-C(O)NHNH(2), originating from heterocycles with an amine and an ester functionality. The equilibrium distribution of macrocyclic N-acyl hydrazones formed upon deprotection of the building blocks with TFA in organic solvents is reported. The mixing behaviour of these heterocycle-based building blocks with our cholate-based building blocks is described, particularly the observation of kinetic intermediates that disappear following 'proof-reading'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Simpson
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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26
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Simpson MG, Pittelkow M, Watson SP, Sanders JKM. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry with hydrazones: cholate-based building blocks and libraries. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1173-80. [DOI: 10.1039/b917145b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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27
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Chung MK, White P, Lee S, Gagné M. Synthesis of Interlocked 56-Membered Rings by Dynamic Self-Templating. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Substituent effects in homoleptic iron(II) and ruthenium(II) complexes of 4′-hydrazone derivatives of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Hiraoka S, Harano K, Nakamura T, Shiro M, Shionoya M. Induced-Fit Formation of a Tetrameric Organic Capsule Consisting of Hexagram-Shaped Amphiphile Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Hiraoka S, Harano K, Nakamura T, Shiro M, Shionoya M. Induced-Fit Formation of a Tetrameric Organic Capsule Consisting of Hexagram-Shaped Amphiphile Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:7006-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Saggiomo V, Lüning U. Transport of calcium ions through a bulk membrane by use of a dynamic combinatorial library. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3711-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b902847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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32
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Lippert AR, Keleshian VL, Bode JW. Dynamic supramolecular complexation by shapeshifting organic molecules. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:1529-32. [DOI: 10.1039/b822585k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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33
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Ingerman LA, Waters ML. Photoswitchable Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries: Coupling Azobenzene Photoisomerization with Hydrazone Exchange. J Org Chem 2008; 74:111-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801783w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A. Ingerman
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Marcey L. Waters
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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34
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Nieto S, Lynch VM, Anslyn EV, Kim H, Chin J. Rapid enantiomeric excess and concentration determination using simple racemic metal complexes. Org Lett 2008; 10:5167-70. [PMID: 18939802 PMCID: PMC2749327 DOI: 10.1021/ol802085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Racemic-metal complexes were used to determine identity, enantiomeric excess, and concentration of chiral diamines using metal-to-ligand charge transfer bands in circular dichroism spectroscopy. It takes under just 2 min per sample to determine [G]t and %R with tolerable errors (19% and 4%, respectively). The simplicity of the achiral receptors employed confers to this technique great potential for high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Nieto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jik Chin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Canada
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35
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Chung MK, Hebling CM, Jorgenson JW, Severin K, Lee SJ, Gagné MR. Deracemization of a Dynamic Combinatorial Library Induced by (−)-Cytidine and (−)-2-Thiocytidine. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:11819-27. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803658n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Kyung Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Christine M. Hebling
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - James W. Jorgenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Kay Severin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Stephen J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Michel R. Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, Institut des Sciences et Ingénieries Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and U.S. Army Research Office, P.O. Box 12211, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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36
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West KR, Ludlow RF, Corbett PT, Besenius P, Mansfeld FM, Cormack PAG, Sherrington DC, Goodman JM, Stuart MCA, Otto S. Dynamic Combinatorial Discovery of a [2]-Catenane and its Guest-Induced Conversion into a Molecular Square Host. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10834-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja801508q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. West
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. Fred Ludlow
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter T. Corbett
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pol Besenius
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Friederike M. Mansfeld
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A. G. Cormack
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David C. Sherrington
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M. Goodman
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. A. Stuart
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijbren Otto
- University of Cambridge, Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands, and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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37
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Turega SM, Lorenz C, Sadownik JW, Philp D. Target-driven selection in a dynamic nitrone library. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4076-8. [PMID: 18758631 DOI: 10.1039/b805945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nitrones undergo dynamic exchange in chloroform at room temperature through two mechanisms-hydrolysis and recombination or hydroxylamine addition/elimination; this dynamic exchange is harnessed to select a nitrone-based bis(amidopyridine) receptor for diacids from a group of four nitrones through its binding to a glutaric acid-based target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Turega
- EaStCHEM and Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK KY16 9ST
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38
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Corbett P, Sanders J, Otto S. Exploring the Relation between Amplification and Binding in Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries of Macrocyclic Synthetic Receptors in Water. Chemistry 2008; 14:2153-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Angelin M, Vongvilai P, Fischer A, Ramström O. Tandem driven dynamic combinatorial resolution via Henry–iminolactone rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:768-70. [PMID: 18478718 DOI: 10.1039/b716521h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Schiltz H, Chung MK, Lee SJ, Gagné MR. The effect of gas-phase reactions on the quantitation of cyclic hydrazone libraries by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3597-600. [DOI: 10.1039/b808490d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Sarma R, Nitschke J. Self-Assembly in Systems of Subcomponents: Simple Rules, Subtle Consequences. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:377-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Sarma R, Nitschke J. Self-Assembly in Systems of Subcomponents: Simple Rules, Subtle Consequences. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Sarma RJ, Otto S, Nitschke JR. Disulfides, Imines, and Metal Coordination within a Single System: Interplay between Three Dynamic Equilibria. Chemistry 2007; 13:9542-6. [PMID: 17879250 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report a system in which three distinct dynamic linkages, disulfide (S-S), imine (C=N), and coordinative (N-->metal) bonds were shown to be capable of simultaneous reversible exchange. The "disulfide layer" of the system under study consists of two homo-disulfides, bis(4-aminophenyl) disulfide 1 and bis(4-methoxyphenyl) disulfide 2 that equilibrate in the presence of catalytic amount of triethylamine to favor the formation of a hetero-disulfide product, 4-aminophenyl-4'-methoxyphenyl disulfide 3. The addition of 2-formylpyridine and a metal salt strongly perturbed this 1+2<-->3 equilibrium through the formation of metal complexes incorporating disulfide 1 as a subcomponent. CuI perturbed the equilibrium by a factor of 3.3, and FeII by a factor of 179, in both cases in favor of the homo-disulfides. The disulfide equilibrium could be further modified, following metal-complex formation, by coordinative (transmetallation: substitution of FeII for CuI) or covalent (imine exchange: the substitution of one amine residue for another) exchange. Thus, although the three kinds of dynamic linkages were demonstrated to be mutually compatible, changes at one kind of linkage could be used to predictably perturb an equilibrium involving another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupam J Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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44
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Ladame S. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry: on the road to fulfilling the promise. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 6:219-26. [PMID: 18174988 DOI: 10.1039/b714599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic combinatorial chemistry makes use of reversible reactions between functionalised monomeric building blocks to generate a mixture of products (dimers or oligomers) under thermodynamic equilibrium. This system reorganises upon addition of a target so that species that bind to, and are therefore stabilised by the target, are favourably formed and are thus amplified. Since the mid-1990's, dynamic combinatorial chemistry has been successfully applied to the identification/selection of ion receptors, enzyme inhibitors, catalysts, materials and nucleic acid ligands. Although it is now established as a powerful tool with broad applications some intrinsic limitations appeared when working on systems of increasing complexity. We present here the most recent advances in the field of dynamic combinatorial chemistry that have been developed to overcome these limitations and explore new areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ladame
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université Louis Pasteur, CNRS UMR 7006, 8, allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cédex, France.
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45
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Iwasawa N, Takahagi H. Boronic Esters as a System for Crystallization-Induced Dynamic Self-Assembly Equipped with an “On−Off” Switch for Equilibration. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:7754-5. [PMID: 17536806 DOI: 10.1021/ja072319q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
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46
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Liu J, West KR, Bondy CR, Sanders JKM. Dynamic combinatorial libraries of hydrazone-linked pseudo-peptides: dependence of diversity on building block structure and chirality. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:778-86. [PMID: 17315064 DOI: 10.1039/b617217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Expanding on our earlier building block architecture [(MeO)(2)CH-Linker-Pro-X-NHNH(2) where X = Phe, Cha], we have produced a series of new pseudo-dipeptides [(MeO)(2)CH-Linker-Pro-X-NHNH(2) where X = Val, Leu, Ile, Ala] for use in hydrazone-based dynamic combinatorial libraries (DCLs); reverse order analogues [Phe-Pro and Val-Pro] and two enantio-analogues [Pro-Phe and Pro-Val] were also prepared. The behaviours of these building blocks in DCLs, as single components and in mixtures, were studied systematically using HPLC and mass spectrometry in order to gain insight into the relationship between building block structure and good library diversity. Subtle changes in building block structure lead to significant changes in library distribution and in the ability to produce diverse libraries in mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Liu
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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47
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Bulos F, Roberts SL, Furlan RLE, Sanders JKM. Molecular amplification of two different receptors using diastereomeric templates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:3092-3. [PMID: 17639152 DOI: 10.1039/b705620f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two different macrocyclic members of a pseudo-peptide hydrazone dynamic combinatorial library were amplified using the diastereomeric templates quinine and quinidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Bulos
- Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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48
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Borisova NE, Reshetova MD, Ustynyuk YA. Metal-Free Methods in the Synthesis of Macrocyclic Schiff Bases. Chem Rev 2006; 107:46-79. [PMID: 17212470 DOI: 10.1021/cr0683616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya E Borisova
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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