1
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Paulus F, Stein C, Heusel C, Stoffels TJ, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Three-Component Photochemical 1,2,5-Trifunctionalizations of Alkenes toward Densely Functionalized Lynchpins. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23814-23823. [PMID: 37852246 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Radical remote 1,n-difunctionalization reactions (n > 2) of alkenes are powerful tools to efficiently introduce functional groups with selected distances into target molecules. Among these reactions, 1,5-difunctionalizations are an important subclass, leading to sought-after scaffolds, but typically suffer from tailored starting materials and strict limitations for the formed functional group in 2-position. Seeking to address these issues and to make radical 1,5-difunctionalizations of alkenes more applicable, we report a novel three-component 1,2,5-trifunctionalization reaction between imine-based bifunctional reagents and two distinct alkenes, driven by visible light energy transfer-catalysis. Key to achieving this selective one-step installation of three different functional groups via the choreographed formation of four bonds was the utilization of a 1,2-boron shift and the rigorous capitalization of radical polarities and stabilities. Thorough mechanistic studies were carried out, and the synthetic utility of the obtained products was demonstrated by various downstream modifications. Notably, in addition to the functionalization of individual functional groups, their interplay gave rise to a unique array of cyclic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Paulus
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Colin Stein
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Heusel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias J Stoffels
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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2
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Reddy KJ, Kuilya TK, Cha JK. Acyclic Remote 1,6-Stereoselection. Org Lett 2022; 24:6252-6255. [PMID: 35994389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Stereochemical communication in homopropargylation and homoallylation of aldehydes was achieved by the Ti-O temporary linker strategy. Propargylic and allylic alcohol derivatives were employed as convenient pronucleophiles, obviating prefabrication of propargylation/allylation reagents. It was surprising that 1,6-diastereoselectivity was affected by not only the Grignard reagent but also the reaction solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Janardhan Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Tapan Kumar Kuilya
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Jin Kun Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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3
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Murray PD, Cox JH, Chiappini ND, Roos CB, McLoughlin EA, Hejna BG, Nguyen ST, Ripberger HH, Ganley JM, Tsui E, Shin NY, Koronkiewicz B, Qiu G, Knowles RR. Photochemical and Electrochemical Applications of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2017-2291. [PMID: 34813277 PMCID: PMC8796287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present here a review of the photochemical and electrochemical applications of multi-site proton-coupled electron transfer (MS-PCET) in organic synthesis. MS-PCETs are redox mechanisms in which both an electron and a proton are exchanged together, often in a concerted elementary step. As such, MS-PCET can function as a non-classical mechanism for homolytic bond activation, providing opportunities to generate synthetically useful free radical intermediates directly from a wide variety of common organic functional groups. We present an introduction to MS-PCET and a practitioner's guide to reaction design, with an emphasis on the unique energetic and selectivity features that are characteristic of this reaction class. We then present chapters on oxidative N-H, O-H, S-H, and C-H bond homolysis methods, for the generation of the corresponding neutral radical species. Then, chapters for reductive PCET activations involving carbonyl, imine, other X═Y π-systems, and heteroarenes, where neutral ketyl, α-amino, and heteroarene-derived radicals can be generated. Finally, we present chapters on the applications of MS-PCET in asymmetric catalysis and in materials and device applications. Within each chapter, we subdivide by the functional group undergoing homolysis, and thereafter by the type of transformation being promoted. Methods published prior to the end of December 2020 are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip
R. D. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - James H. Cox
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Chiappini
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Casey B. Roos
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | | | - Benjamin G. Hejna
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Suong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hunter H. Ripberger
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jacob M. Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Elaine Tsui
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nick Y. Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Brian Koronkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Guanqi Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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4
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Konik YA, Kananovich DG. Asymmetric synthesis with titanacyclopropane reagents: From early results to the recent achievements. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Lefebvre Q, Porta R, Millet A, Jia J, Rueping M. One Amine-3 Tasks: Reductive Coupling of Imines with Olefins in Batch and Flow. Chemistry 2020; 26:1363-1367. [PMID: 31777987 PMCID: PMC7027816 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their wide range of biological properties, γ-aminobutyric acid derivatives (GABA) have been extensively studied and found noteworthy industrial applications. However, atom-economical and efficient processes for their production are scarce and would greatly benefit from further investigations. Herein, we demonstrate that an iridium-based photocatalyst promotes the direct reductive cross-coupling of imines with olefins upon irradiation with visible light to give GABA derivatives in good yields and selectivities. We also stress the enabling triple role of tributylamine additive in this process, discuss the advantages of strategies based on proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and demonstrate the scale-up of this reaction in continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Lefebvre
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Riccardo Porta
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Anthony Millet
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institut of Organic ChemistryRWTH AachenLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia
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6
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Titanium catalyzed synthesis of amines and N-heterocycles. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Biomimetic Oxidation of Benzofurans with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Mn(III) Porphyrins. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The modelling of metabolic activation of the benzofuran nucleus is important to obtain eco-sustainable degradation methods and to understand the related mechanisms. The present work reports the catalytic oxidation of benzofuran, 2-methylbenzofuran, and 3-methylbenzofuran by hydrogen peroxide, at room temperature, in the presence of different Mn(III) porphyrins as models of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Conversions above 95% were attained for all the substrates. The key step is the formation of epoxides, which undergo different reaction pathways depending on factors, such as the position of the methyl group and the reaction and work-up conditions used.
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8
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Manßen M, Schafer LL. Titanium catalysis for the synthesis of fine chemicals – development and trends. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6947-6994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Atlas as a Titan(ium) is holding the earth-abundant chemistry world. Titanium is the second most abundant transition metal, is a key player in important industrial processes (e.g. polyethylene) and shows much promise for diverse applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- The Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Laurel L. Schafer
- The Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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9
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Beaumier EP, Pearce AJ, See XY, Tonks IA. Modern applications of low-valent early transition metals in synthesis and catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2019; 3:15-34. [PMID: 30989127 PMCID: PMC6462221 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent early transition metals are often intrinsically highly reactive as a result of their strong propensity toward oxidation to more stable high-valent states. Harnessing these highly reducing complexes for productive reactivity is potentially powerful for C-C bond construction, organic reductions, small-molecule activation and many other reactions that offer orthogonal chemoselectivity and/or regioselectivity patterns to processes promoted by late transition metals. Recent years have seen many exciting new applications of low-valent metals through building new catalytic and/or multicomponent reaction manifolds out of classical reactivity patterns. In this Review, we survey new methods that employ early transition metals and invoke low-valent precursors or intermediates in order to identify common themes and strategies in synthesis and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P. Beaumier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam J. Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xin Yi See
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ian A. Tonks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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10
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Roy TK, Parhi B, Ghorai P. Cinchonamine Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric aza-Michael Reaction: Dihydroisoquinolines and Tetrahydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9397-9401. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
| | - Biswajit Parhi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
| | - Prasanta Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
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11
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Roy TK, Parhi B, Ghorai P. Cinchonamine Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric aza-Michael Reaction: Dihydroisoquinolines and Tetrahydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
| | - Biswajit Parhi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
| | - Prasanta Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal; Bhopal By-pass Road Bhauri Bhopal- 462066 India
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12
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Huang Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Weisel M, Williamson RT, Davies IW, Zhang X. A mechanistic investigation of an Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of pyridinium salts. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Mateo P, Cinqualbre JE, Meyer Mojzes M, Schenk K, Renaud P. Reductive Alkylation of Tertiary Lactams via Addition of Organocopper (RCu) Reagents to Thioiminium Ions. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12318-12327. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Mateo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joséphine E. Cinqualbre
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Melinda Meyer Mojzes
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Schenk
- Laboratoire
de Magnétisme Quantique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BSP 314, Rte de la Sorge, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Renaud
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Nebe M, Opatz T. Synthesis of Piperidines and Dehydropiperidines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Barange DK, Johnson MT, Cairns AG, Olsson R, Almqvist F. Regio- and Stereoselective Alkylation of Pyridine-N-oxides: Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines and Pyridines. Org Lett 2016; 18:6228-6231. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magnus T. Johnson
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Roger Olsson
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutic Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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16
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O'Rourke NF, Kier MJ, Micalizio GC. Metallacycle-Mediated Cross-Coupling in Natural Product Synthesis. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:7093-7123. [PMID: 27765997 PMCID: PMC5067085 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha F O'Rourke
- Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Matthew J Kier
- Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Glenn C Micalizio
- Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
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17
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Qu B, Mangunuru HPR, Wei X, Fandrick KR, Desrosiers JN, Sieber JD, Kurouski D, Haddad N, Samankumara LP, Lee H, Savoie J, Ma S, Grinberg N, Sarvestani M, Yee NK, Song JJ, Senanayake CH. Synthesis of Enantioenriched 2-Alkyl Piperidine Derivatives through Asymmetric Reduction of Pyridinium Salts. Org Lett 2016; 18:4920-4923. [PMID: 27661252 PMCID: PMC10405300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An Ir-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of 2-alkyl-pyridines has been developed using ligand MeO-BoQPhos. High levels of enantioselectivities up to 93:7 er were obtained. The resulting enantioenriched piperidines can be readily converted into biologically interesting molecules such as the fused tricyclic structures 5, 6, and 7 in 99:1 er, providing a novel, concise synthetic route to this family of chiral piperidine-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Hari P R Mangunuru
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Xudong Wei
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Keith R Fandrick
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jean-Nicolas Desrosiers
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Joshua D Sieber
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Lalith P Samankumara
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Heewon Lee
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jolaine Savoie
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Shengli Ma
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nelu Grinberg
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Max Sarvestani
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nathan K Yee
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jinhua J Song
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Chris H Senanayake
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
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18
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Micalizio GC, Hale SB. Reaction design, discovery, and development as a foundation to function-oriented synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:663-73. [PMID: 25668752 DOI: 10.1021/ar500408e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Convergent C-C bond-forming reactions define the fabric of organic synthesis and, when applied in complex molecule synthesis, can have a profound impact on efficiency by decreasing the longest linear sequence of transformations required to convert simple starting materials to complex targets. Despite their well-appreciated strategic significance, campaigns in natural product synthesis typically embrace only a small suite of reactivity to achieve such bond construction (i.e., nucleophilic addition to polarized π-bonds, nucleophilic substitution, cycloaddition, and metal-catalyzed "cross-coupling"), therefore limiting the sites at which convergent coupling chemistry can be strategically employed. In our opinion, it is far too often that triumphs in the field are defined by chemical sequences that do not address the challenges associated with discovery, development, and production of natural product-inspired agents. We speculated that advancing an area of chemical reactivity not represented in the few well-established strategies for convergent C-C bond formation may lead to powerful new retrosynthetic relationships that could simplify approaches to the syntheses of a variety of different classes of natural products. Our studies ultimately embraced the pursuit of strategies to control the course of metallacycle-mediated "cross-coupling" between substrates containing sites of simple π-unsaturation (ubiquitous functionality in organic chemistry including alkenes, alkynes, allenes, aldehydes, and imines, among others). In just eight years since our initial publication in this area, we have defined over 20 stereoselective intermolecular C-C bond-forming reactions that provide access to structural motifs of relevance for the synthesis of polyketides, fatty acids, alkaloids, and terpenes, while doing so in a direct and stereoselective fashion. These achievements continue to serve as the foundation of my group's activity in natural product and function-oriented synthesis, where our achievements in reaction development are challenged in the context of complex targets. Among our early efforts, we achieved the most concise synthesis of a benzoquinone ansamycin ever described (macbecin I), and moved beyond this achievement to explore the role of our chemistry in function-oriented synthesis targeting the discovery of natural product-inspired Hsp90 inhibitors. These later efforts have led to the discovery of a uniquely selective benzoquinone ansamycin-inspired Hsp90 inhibitor that lacks the problematic quinone present in the natural series. This achievement was made possible by a concise chemical synthesis pathway that had at its core the application of metallacycle-mediated cross-coupling chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn C. Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry,
Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Sarah B. Hale
- Department of Chemistry,
Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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19
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Loose F, Plettenberg I, Haase D, Saak W, Schmidtmann M, Schäfer A, Müller T, Beckhaus R. Aromatic Imines in the Titanocene Coordination Sphere—Titanaaziridine vs 1-Aza-2-titanacyclopent-4-ene Structures. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500750y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Loose
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Inka Plettenberg
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Detlev Haase
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Wolfgang Saak
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - André Schäfer
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Rüdiger Beckhaus
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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20
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Chen H, Fan G, Li S, Mao K, Liu Y. Titanium-mediated reductive cross-coupling reactions of imines with nitriles: an efficient route for the synthesis of α-aminoketones or 1,2-diketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Yuan C, Chang CT, Siegel D. Syntheses of (+)-Complanadine A and Lycodine Derivatives by Regioselective [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5647-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400695c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Chih-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
United States
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22
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Martin TJ, Rovis T. A catalytic asymmetric synthesis of polysubstituted piperidines using a rhodium(I)-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition employing a cleavable tether. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5368-71. [PMID: 23606664 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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23
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Martin TJ, Rovis T. A Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Polysubstituted Piperidines Using a Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Employing a Cleavable Tether. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Kumar I, Ramaraju P, Mir NA, Singh D, Gupta VK, Rajnikant. Highly enantioselective [4+2] annulation via organocatalytic Mannich-reductive cyclization: one-pot synthesis of functionalized piperidines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5645-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42431f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Shih Y, Ke C, Pan C, Huang Y. Transition-metal catalyst free CN coupling with phenol/phenoxide: a green synthesis of a benzoxazole scaffold by an anodic oxidation reaction. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra00128h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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Li L, Kristian KE, Han A, Norton JR, Sattler W. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Reactivity of Cp2- and (CpMe)2-Ligated Titanaaziridines and Titanaoxiranes with Fast Enantiomer Interconversion Rates. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300825n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Kathleen E. Kristian
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Arthur Han
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack R. Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wesley Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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27
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Fan G, Liu Y. Titanium-mediated cross-coupling reactions of imines with ketones or aldehydes: an efficient route for the synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Yu DF, Wang Y, Xu PF. Organocatalytic enantioselective multicomponent cascade reaction: facile access to tetrahydropyridines with C3 all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Aylward M, Coeffard V, Guiry PJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Transformation of Homoallenols: A Regio- and Stereoselective Route to 1,5-Amino Alcohols. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3536-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1025628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Aylward
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Vincent Coeffard
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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30
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Reichard HA, Micalizio GC. Metallacycle-Mediated Cross-Coupling with Substituted and Electronically Unactivated Alkenes. Chem Sci 2011; 4:573-589. [PMID: 21436986 DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00394h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective surveys the history of- and recent advances in- metallacycle-mediated coupling chemistry of substituted alkenes. While the reaction of preformed metal-π complexes with ethylene was reported nearly 30 years ago, the generalization of this mode of bimolecular C-C bond formation to the regio- and stereoselective union of complex substrates has only recently begun to emerge. This perspective discusses early observations in this area, the challenges associated with controlling such processes, the evolution of a general strategy to overcome these challenges, and a summary of highly regio- and stereoselective convergent coupling reactions that are currently available by metallacycle-mediated cross-coupling with substituted alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Reichard
- The Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute; Scripps-Florida, 130 Scripps Way #3A2, Jupiter, FL 33418, USA. ; Tel: 561 228 2463;
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31
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Lemonnier G, Charette AB. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,3,6-Trisubstituted Tetrahydropyridines via Tf2O-Mediated Grob Fragmentation: Access to Indolizidines (−)-209I and (−)-223J. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7465-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1015344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gérald Lemonnier
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - André B. Charette
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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32
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Barlan AU, Micalizio GC. The regio- and stereochemical course of reductive cross-coupling reactions between 1,3-disubstituted allenes and vinylsilanes: Synthesis of ( Z)-dienes. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:4775-4783. [PMID: 24031099 PMCID: PMC3769195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In investigations aimed at exploring the potential of disubstituted allenes in stereoselective synthesis, we report studies that explore the reductive cross-coupling reaction of vinylsilanes with a range of substituted allenes. Regiochemical control is attained by employing allenic alkoxides, where the proximal heteroatom dictates the site-selectivity in a process that proceeds by net formal metallo-[3,3] rearrangement (directed carbometalation/elimination). Stereoselectivity in these reactions is complex, with both the nature of allene substitution and relative stereochemistry of the substrate impacting the stereoselective generation of each alkene of a substituted 1,3-diene. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan U Barlan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458
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34
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Takahashi M, Micalizio GC. Concerning the potential reversibility of carbometalation in alkoxide-directed Ti(Oi-Pr)4-mediated reductive cross-coupling of homoallylic alcohols with aromatic imines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3336-8. [PMID: 20379585 DOI: 10.1039/b927430h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to understand the nature of selectivity in Ti-mediated reductive cross-coupling between homoallylic alcohols and imines, we investigated whether thermodynamic equilibration of the presumed organometallic intermediate plays a role in selectivity. No evidence could be found for olefin exchange in preformed azatitanacyclopentanes--an observation that is consistent with a model based on kinetically controlled selective carbometalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps-Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA.
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35
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Synthetic transformations mediated by the combination of titanium(IV) alkoxides and grignard reagents: selectivity issues and recent applications. Part 1: reactions of carbonyl derivatives and nitriles. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Reichard HA, McLaughlin M, Chen MZ, Micalizio GC. Regioselective Reductive Cross-Coupling Reactions of Unsymmetrical Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2010; 2010:391-409. [PMID: 24634606 PMCID: PMC3951371 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present microreview summarizes our progress over the last few years in defining regioselective reductive cross-coupling reactions of unsymmetrical alkynes with terminal- and internal alkynes, aldehydes, and imines. We begin with a brief historical perspective of metal-mediated reductive dimerization reactions of aromatic alkynes and discuss the challenges associated with "crossed" versions of this mode of reactivity. Next, a collection of available methods that allow for regioselective reductive cross-coupling of internal alkynes with terminal and internal alkynes, aldehydes, and imines is summarized. After an examination of the requirements for regioselectivity in these cases, the logic behind our design of alkoxide-directed titanium-mediated reductive cross-coupling reactions is presented. A nomenclature is introduced to delineate the presumed mechanistic origin of regioselection associated with each reaction design, and a presentation of alkoxide-directed regioselective reductive cross-coupling reactions of alkynes follows. Throughout, principal issues related to reactivity and selectivity are discussed to assess scope and limitations of available methods and to describe the broad challenges that exist for defining complex fragment union reactions based on reductive cross-coupling chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Glenn C. Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute Scripps-Florida 130 Scripps Way #3A2 Jupiter, FL 33458 Fax: (561) 228-3092
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37
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Tarselli MA, Micalizio GC. Aliphatic imines in titanium-mediated reductive cross-coupling: unique reactivity of Ti(O-i-Pr)4/n-BuLi. Org Lett 2009; 11:4596-9. [PMID: 19810765 DOI: 10.1021/ol901870n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A procedure for the coupling of aliphatic imines with allylic and allenic alkoxides is described. The success of these studies was enabled by a unique reactivity profile of Ti(IV) isopropoxide/n-BuLi compared to well-known Ti(IV) isopropoxide/RMgX systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Tarselli
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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38
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Perez LJ, Shimp HL, Micalizio GC. Stereoselective synthesis of trisubstituted (E,E)-1,3-dienes by the site-selective reductive cross-coupling of internal alkynes with terminal alkynes: a fragment coupling reaction for natural product synthesis. J Org Chem 2009; 74:7211-9. [PMID: 19722544 DOI: 10.1021/jo901451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective convergent coupling reaction is described between alkynes for the synthesis of stereodefined trisubstituted (E,E)-1,3-dienes-structural motifs commonly found embedded in the skeletons of bioactive polyketide-derived natural products. While numerous multistep processes for the synthesis of this stereodefined functional group exist, the current method represents a significant advance as it does not require stereodefined olefinic coupling partners (vinyl halide or vinyl organometallic); it proceeds by a single convergent C-C bond-forming event (avoiding multistep methods based on carbonyl olefination) and is tolerant of a diverse array of functional groups including free hydroxyls. Through a systematic study of titanium-mediated reductive cross-coupling reactions of internal alkynes with terminal alkynes, a fragment coupling reaction of great utility in natural product synthesis has emerged. Here, use of a proximal hydroxy group to control regioselection in the functionalization of a preformed titanacyclopropene has led to the establishment of a highly selective bimolecular coupling process, where C-C bond formation occurs in concert with the establishment of two stereodefined alkenes. Compared to the body of literature known for related metal-mediated coupling reactions, the current work defines a powerful advance, achieving site-selective bimolecular C-C bond formation without the need for using TMS-alkynes or conjugated alkynes. Overall, complex 1,3-dienes relevant for the synthesis of polyketide-derived natural products of varying stereochemistry were prepared with typically >or=20:1 selectivity, defining the important role of an alkoxide directing group located delta to preformed titanacyclopropenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lark J Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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39
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Umemura S, McLaughlin M, Micalizio GC. Convergent synthesis of stereodefined exo-alkylidene-gamma-lactams from beta-halo allylic alcohols. Org Lett 2009; 11:5402-5. [PMID: 19877599 PMCID: PMC2787655 DOI: 10.1021/ol9022134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convergent process for the assembly of stereodefined mono- and bicyclic exo-alkylidene-gamma-lactams is described that proceeds through the union of beta-halo allylic alcohols, aromatic imines, and CO. Overall, regio- and stereoselective Ti-mediated reductive cross-coupling, followed by Pd-catalyzed carbonylation, can be performed in a one- or two-pot procedure, defining a highly selective three-component coupling process for heterocycle synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Umemura
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Martin McLaughlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Glenn C. Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458
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40
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Takahashi M, McLaughlin M, Micalizio GC. Complex allylation by the direct cross-coupling of imines with unactivated allylic alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:3648-52. [PMID: 19360820 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective, stereoselective: The convergent coupling of allylic alcohols with imines to deliver stereodefined homoallylic amines is described (see scheme). The process proceeds with net allylic transposition without the intermediacy of allylic organometallic reagents. Two stereodefined centers and a geometrically defined di- or trisubstituted alkene are forged with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way 3A2, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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41
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Takahashi M, McLaughlin M, Micalizio G. Complex Allylation by the Direct Cross-Coupling of Imines with Unactivated Allylic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Stephens BE, Liu F. A regio- and diastereoselective intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition for practical 3- and 2,3-disubstituted piperidine synthesis from gamma-butyrolactone. J Org Chem 2009; 74:254-63. [PMID: 19053606 DOI: 10.1021/jo8018285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A fast and efficient route for diversity-oriented synthesis of 3- and 2,3-disubstituted piperidines, featuring an intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition with high regio- and diastereoselectivity, was achieved in six steps and 36-66% overall yield from commercially available gamma-butyrolactone or 1,4-butanediol. A new N-alkenyl nitrone enoate was used in this intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition, and the regioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and reversibility of this cycloaddition were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Stephens
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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43
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Barbe G, St-Onge M, Charette AB. Silver Ion-Induced Grob Fragmentation of γ-Amino Iodides: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Piperidines. Org Lett 2008; 10:5497-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8024605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Barbe
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Miguel St-Onge
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - André B. Charette
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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44
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Han R, Wang Y, Li Y, Xu P. Proline‐Mediated Enantioselective Construction of Tetrahydropyridinesviaa Cascade Mannich‐Type/Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Shimp HL, Hare A, McLaughlin M, Micalizio GC. Reprint of “Allene–alkyne cross-coupling for stereoselective synthesis of substituted 1,4-dienes and cross-conjugated trienes”. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Bobrov DN, Kim K, Cha JK. Olefin Exchange-Mediated Cyclopropanation of Nitriles with Homoallylic Alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 2008; 49:4089-4091. [PMID: 19554078 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report herein olefin exchange-mediated cyclopropanation of nitriles with homoallylic alcohols. The use of homoallylic alcohols is central to the successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis N Bobrov
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, Michigan 48202, U.S.A
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47
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Ahari M, Perez A, Menant C, Vasse JL, Szymoniak J. A Direct Stereoselective Approach to trans-2,3-Disubstituted Piperidines: Application in the Synthesis of 2-Epi-CP-99,994 and (+)-Epilupinine. Org Lett 2008; 10:2473-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800722a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M’hamed Ahari
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS (UMR 6229), Université de Reims, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Amandine Perez
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS (UMR 6229), Université de Reims, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Christine Menant
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS (UMR 6229), Université de Reims, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vasse
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS (UMR 6229), Université de Reims, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jan Szymoniak
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS (UMR 6229), Université de Reims, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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48
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Shimp HL, Hare A, McLaughlin M, Micalizio GC. Allene-alkyne cross-coupling for stereoselective synthesis of substituted 1,4-dienes and cross-conjugated trienes. Tetrahedron 2008; 64:3437-3445. [PMID: 18985173 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Titanium-mediated cross-coupling of allenic alcohols with alkynes has been investigated. Divergent reaction pathways were discovered that provide either stereodefined 1,4-dienes or substituted cross-conjugated trienes. In short, allene substitution plays a critical role in the determination of reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi L Shimp
- Department of Chemistry, Yale Univeristy, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
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49
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McLaughlin M, Shimp HL, Navarro R, Micalizio GC. Regio- and Stereoselective Direct Cross-Coupling of Aromatic Imines with Allenic Alcohols. Synlett 2008; 2008:735-738. [PMID: 25678759 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1042808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We describe a titanium-mediated reaction for the convergent coupling of allenic alcohols with aromatic imines. Overall, the bond formation occurs at the central carbon of the allene, proceeds with net allylic transposition, and provides substituted 1,3-dienes bearing allylic amine functionality in a regio- and stereoselective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi L Shimp
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Raul Navarro
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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50
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Kolundzic F, Micalizio GC. Synthesis of substituted 1,4-dienes by direct alkylation of allylic alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:15112-3. [PMID: 18004854 DOI: 10.1021/ja075678u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Kolundzic
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
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