1
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Yescas-Galicia D, Restrepo-Osorio RA, García-González AN, Hernández-Benítez RI, Espinoza-Hicks JC, Escalante CH, Barrera E, Santoyo BM, Delgado F, Tamariz J. Divergent Pd-catalyzed Functionalization of 4-Oxazolin-2-ones and 4-Methylene-2-oxazolidinones and Synthesis of Heterocyclic-Fused Indoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13034-13052. [PMID: 36153994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed functionalization was presently performed on two building blocks: 4-oxazolin-2-ones and 4-methylene-2-oxazolidinones. Direct Heck arylation of 4-oxazolin-2-ones led to a series of 5-aryl-4-oxazolin-2-ones, including analogues with N-chiral auxiliary, in an almost quantitative yield. The Pd(II)-catalyzed homocoupling reaction of 4-oxazolin-2-ones provided novel heterocyclic across-ring dienes. Meanwhile, the intramolecular cross-coupling of N-aryl-4-methylene-2-oxazolidinones furnished a series of oxazolo[3,4-a]indol-3-ones. Further functionalization of 4-methylene-2-oxazolidinones afforded substituted indoles and heterocyclic-fused indoles with aryl, bromo, carbinol, formyl, and vinyl groups. A computational study was carried out to account for the behavior of the formylated derivatives. The currently developed methodology was applied to a new formal total synthesis of ellipticine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Yescas-Galicia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo A Restrepo-Osorio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ailyn N García-González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto I Hernández-Benítez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José C Espinoza-Hicks
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario S/N, 31000 Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico
| | - Carlos H Escalante
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edson Barrera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca M Santoyo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Delgado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Tamariz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Hubbell GE, Tepe JJ. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Annulation of Benzohydroxamates and 2-Imidazolones: Access to Urea-Fused-Dihydroisoquinolone Scaffolds Reminiscent of Pyrrole Alkaloid Natural Products. Org Lett 2022; 24:6740-6744. [PMID: 36083605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation with an imidazolone as alkene partner is reported to access dihydroisoquinolone-fused imidazolin-2-ones. These bicycles are reminiscent of scaffolds belonging to the pyrrole alkaloid family of natural products. This approach facilitates construction of a variety of urea-fused dihydroisoquinolone scaffolds including heterocyclic moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Hubbell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jetze J Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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3
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Lubell WD, Hamdane Y, Poupart J. N-Amino-imidazol-2-one (Nai) Residues as Tools for Peptide Mimicry: Synthesis, Conformational Analysis and Biomedical Applications. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
N-Amino-imidazol-2-one (Nai) residues are tools for studying peptide-backbone and side-chain conformation and function. Recent methods for substituted Nai residue synthesis, conformational analysis by X-ray crystallography and computation, and biomedical applications are reviewed, demonstrating the utility of this constrained residue to favor biologically active turn conformers with defined χ-dihedral angle orientations.1 Introduction2 Synthetic Methods3 Conformational Analysis4 Biomedical Applications5 Conclusions
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4
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Poupart J, Hamdane Y, Lubell WD. Synthesis of enantiomerically enriched 4,5-disubstituted N-aminoimidazol-2-one (Nai) peptide turn mimics. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2019-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
N-Aminoimidazolone (Nai) peptide mimics were synthesized with minimal epimerization by base-promoted 5-endo-dig cyclization of aza-propargylglycine dipeptide acids and hydrazides followed by olefin migration. 5-Position functionalization using Mannich amino methylation and Vilsmeier–Haack formylation has given access to a set of restrained side chain analogs of Asp, Dab, and Hse residues for mimicry of turn form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Poupart
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
| | - Yousra Hamdane
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
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5
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6
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D. Lubell W, Poupart J, Doan ND, Bérubé D, Hamdane Y, Medena C. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of N-Aminoimidazol-2-ones towards Synthesis of Constrained Phenylalanine Dipeptide Mimics. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-s(f)22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Tang KG, Kent GT, Erden I, Wu W. cis-β-Bromostyrene derivatives from cinnamic acids via a tandem substitutive bromination-decarboxylation sequence. Tetrahedron Lett 2017; 58:3894-3896. [PMID: 28966405 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
cis-β-Bromostyrene derivatives were synthesized stereospecifically from cinnamic acids through β-lactone intermediates. The synthetic sequence did not require the purification of the β-lactone intermediates although they were found to be stable and readily purified in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh G Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Greggory T Kent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Ihsan Erden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Weiming Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
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8
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Lindel T. Chemistry and Biology of the Pyrrole–Imidazole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 77:117-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of 1,2,3-Triazoles. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101268. [PMID: 27669198 PMCID: PMC5086804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium(II) acetate, in combination with triphenylphosphine, catalyzes direct arylation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles effectively. This C–H arylation reaction provides facile access to fully substituted triazoles with well-defined regiochemistry.
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10
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Théveau L, Schneider C, Fruit C, Hoarau C. Orthogonal Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C−H Bond Arylation of Heteroaromatics with Aryl Halides. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Théveau
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex France
| | - Cédric Schneider
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex France
| | - Corinne Fruit
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex France
| | - Christophe Hoarau
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex France
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Nassar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Luo BT, Liu H, Lin ZJ, Jiang J, Shen DS, Liu RZ, Ke Z, Liu FS. Aerobic and Efficient Direct Arylation of Five-Membered Heteroarenes and Their Benzocondensed Derivatives with Aryl Bromides by Bulky α-Hydroxyimine Palladium Complexes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Tian Luo
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lin
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Shen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui-Zhi Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment
and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Shou Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Study of the intramolecular Heck reaction: synthesis of the bicyclic core of corialstonidine. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Naturally occurring guanidine derivatives frequently display medicinally useful properties. Among them, the higher order pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids, the dragmacidins, the crambescidins/batzelladines, and the saxitoxins/tetradotoxins have stimulated the development of many new synthetic methods over the past decades. We provide here an overview of the syntheses of these cyclic guanidine-containing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyong Ma
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Saptarshi De
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Chuo Chen
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, U T Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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15
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Abstract
Photoexcited acetophenone can catalyze the fluorination of unactivated C(sp(3))-H groups. While acetophenone, a colorless oil, only has a trace amount of absorption in the visible light region, its photoexcitation can be achieved by irradiation with light generated by a household compact fluorescent lamp (CFL). This operational simple method provides improved substrate scope for the direct incorporation of a fluorine atom into simple organic molecules. CFL-irradiation can also be used to promote certain classic UV-promoted photoreactions of colorless monoarylketones and enones/enals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bao Xia
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
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16
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Zhu Y, Shi Y. Cu(I)-catalyzed sequential diamination and dehydrogenation of terminal olefins: a facile approach to imidazolinones. Chemistry 2014; 20:13901-4. [PMID: 25213994 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diamination of olefins presents a powerful strategy to access vicinal diamines. During the last decade, metal-catalyzed diamination of olefins has received considerable attention. This study describes an efficient sequential diamination and dehydrogenation process of terminal olefins with CuBr as catalyst and di-tert-butyldiaziridinone as nitrogen source, providing a facile and viable approach to a variety of imidazolin-2-ones, which are important structural motifs present in various biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingguang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (USA)
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17
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Wang X, Ma Z, Wang X, De S, Ma Y, Chen C. Dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids: synthetic approaches and biosynthetic hypotheses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8628-39. [PMID: 24828265 PMCID: PMC4096073 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids are a group of structurally unique and biologically interesting marine sponge metabolites. Among them, the cyclic dimers have caught synthetic chemists' attention particularly. Numerous synthetic strategies have been developed and various biosynthetic hypotheses have been proposed for these fascinating natural products. We discuss herein the synthetic approaches and the biosynthetic insights obtained from these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA.
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18
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Wang Z, Tian Q, Yu X, Kuang C. Palladium-Catalyzed Acylation of 2-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles with Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Bleach oxidizes trimethylsilyl cyanide to generate an electrophilic cyanating reagent that readily reacts with an amine nucleophile. This oxidative N-cyanation reaction allows for the preparation of disubstituted cyanamides from amines without using highly toxic cyanogen halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Ji-Bao Xia
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Chuo Chen
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
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20
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Iwata M, Kanoh K, Imaoka T, Nagasawa K. Total synthesis of (+)-cylindradine A. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6991-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cylindradines A and B, members of the polycyclic pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids (PIAs), are the only congeners bearing a 3-carbamoylpyrrole unit among the PIAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Iwata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kanoh
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei, Japan
| | - Takuya Imaoka
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science
- Faculty of Technology
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei, Japan
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21
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Zheng Z, Zhang-Negrerie D, Du Y, Zhao K. The applications of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents in the constructions of heterocyclic compounds through oxidative coupling reactions. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-5043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Zhang Q, Yang F, Wu Y. Palladium-catalyzed ortho-acylation of 2-arylbenzoxazoles and 2-arylbenzothiazoles using arylmethyl alcohols as the acyl source. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Pan F, Lei ZQ, Wang H, Li H, Sun J, Shi ZJ. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Redox-Economic Cross-Coupling of Carboxylic Acids with Arenes Directed by N-Containing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Pan F, Lei ZQ, Wang H, Li H, Sun J, Shi ZJ. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Redox-Economic Cross-Coupling of Carboxylic Acids with Arenes Directed by N-Containing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2063-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Ye M, Edmunds AJF, Morris JA, Sale D, Zhang Y, Yu JQ. A Robust Protocol for Pd(II)-catalyzed C-3 Arylation of ( 1H) Indazoles and Pyrazoles: Total Synthesis of Nigellidine Hydrobromide. Chem Sci 2013; 4:2374-2379. [PMID: 23691269 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
C3-arylated indazole and pyrazoles are privileged structural motifs in agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. C-3 C-H arylation of (1H) indazole and pyrazole has been a significant challenge due to the poor reactivity of the C-3 position. Herein, we report a practical Pd(II)/Phen catalyst and conditions for direct C-3 arylation of indazole and pyrazole with ArI or ArBr without using Ag additives as halide scavengers. The use of toluene, chlorobenzene, trifluoromethylbenzene and mesitylene as the solvent was found to be crucial for the selectivity and reactivity. We further demonstrate the robustness of this protocol through the first total synthesis of Nigellidine hydrobromide as well as expedient preparation of heterocycles structurally related to pesticides and drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchun Ye
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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Wang X, Wang X, Tan X, Lu J, Cormier KW, Ma Z, Chen C. A biomimetic route for construction of the [4+2] and [3+2] core skeletons of dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids and asymmetric synthesis of ageliferins. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18834-42. [PMID: 23072663 DOI: 10.1021/ja309172t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids have fascinated chemists for decades because of their unique structures. The high nitrogen and halogen contents and the densely functionalized skeletons make their laboratory synthesis challenging. We describe herein an oxidative method for accessing the core skeletons of two classes of pyrrole-imidazole dimers. This synthetic strategy was inspired by the putative biosynthesis pathways and its development was facilitated by computational studies. Using this method, we have successfully prepared ageliferin, bromoageliferin, and dibromoageliferin in their natural enantiomeric form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390-9038, United States
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Lee HS, Kim KH, Kim SH, Kim JN. Palladium‐Catalyzed, Chelation‐Assisted Stereo‐ and Regioselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Olefins by Oxidative Heck Arylation. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‐757, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+82)‐62‐530‐3389
| | - Ko Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‐757, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+82)‐62‐530‐3389
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‐757, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+82)‐62‐530‐3389
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‐757, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+82)‐62‐530‐3389
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Yang J, Chen D, Bao W. Stereo-selective synthesis of cis-alkenes/halo-alkenes by reaction of diphenylmethane with ethynylbenzenes via sp3 C–H bond activation promoted by iron salts. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Chen DYK, Youn SW. C-H activation: a complementary tool in the total synthesis of complex natural products. Chemistry 2012; 18:9452-74. [PMID: 22736530 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The recent advent of transition-metal mediated C-H activation is revolutionizing the synthetic field and gradually infusing a "C-H activation mind-set" in both students and practitioners of organic synthesis. As a powerful testament of this emerging synthetic tool, applications of C-H activation in the context of total synthesis of complex natural products are beginning to blossom. Herein, recently completed total syntheses showcasing creative and ingenious incorporation of C-H activation as a strategic manoeuver are compared with their "non-C-H activation" counterparts, illuminating a new paradigm in strategic synthetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y-K Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
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30
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Lansdell TA, Hewlett NM, Skoumbourdis AP, Fodor MD, Seiple IB, Su S, Baran PS, Feldman KS, Tepe JJ. Palau'amine and related oroidin alkaloids dibromophakellin and dibromophakellstatin inhibit the human 20S proteasome. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:980-985. [PMID: 22591513 PMCID: PMC3367325 DOI: 10.1021/np300231f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report herein that the oroidin-derived alkaloids palau'amine (1), dibromophakellin (2), and dibromophakellstatin (3) inhibit the proteolytic activity of the human 20S proteasome as well as the (i)20S immunoproteasome catalytic core. Palau'amine is found to prevent the degradation of ubiquitinylated proteins, including IκBα, in cell culture, which may be indicative of the potential mechanism by which these agents exhibit their exciting cytotoxic and immunosuppressive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A. Lansdell
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
| | - Nicole M. Hewlett
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
| | | | - Matthew D. Fodor
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Ian B. Seiple
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Shun Su
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Phil. S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ken S. Feldman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Jetze J. Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823
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31
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Jiang B, Wang J, Huang ZG. Studies toward the Total Synthesis of Nagelamide K. Org Lett 2012; 14:2070-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3005886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zuo-gang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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32
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Théveau L, Verrier C, Lassalas P, Martin T, Dupas G, Querolle O, Van Hijfte L, Marsais F, Hoarau C. Mechanism Selection for Regiocontrol in Base-Assisted, Palladium-Catalysed Direct CH Coupling with Halides: First Approach for Oxazole- and Thiazole-4-Carboxylates. Chemistry 2011; 17:14450-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Ackermann L. Carboxylate-assisted transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalizations: mechanism and scope. Chem Rev 2011; 111:1315-45. [PMID: 21391562 DOI: 10.1021/cr100412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2916] [Impact Index Per Article: 224.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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34
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Hewlett NM, Tepe JJ. Total synthesis of the natural product (±)-dibromophakellin and analogues. Org Lett 2011; 13:4550-3. [PMID: 21797255 DOI: 10.1021/ol201741r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(±)-Dibromophakellin has been synthesized in two steps from a known alkene intermediate. The key step in the synthesis is the NBS olefin activation to facilitate the addition of a guanidine molecule across the double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hewlett
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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35
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Kim KH, Park BR, Lim JW, Kim JN. An efficient palladium-catalyzed synthesis of benzils from aryl bromides: vinylene carbonate as a synthetic equivalent of glyoxal. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Ramachandiran K, Muralidharan D, Perumal P. Palladium catalyzed alkylation of indole via aliphatic C–H bond activation of tertiary amine. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Al-Mourabit A, Zancanella MA, Tilvi S, Romo D. Biosynthesis, asymmetric synthesis, and pharmacology, including cellular targets, of the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole marine alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1229-60. [PMID: 21556392 PMCID: PMC5596510 DOI: 10.1039/c0np00013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole (P-2-AI) alkaloids are a growing family of marine alkaloids, now numbering well over 150 members, with high topographical and biological information content. Their intriguing structural complexity, rich and compact stereochemical content, high N to C ratio (~1 : 2), and increasingly studied biological activities are attracting a growing number of researchers from numerous disciplines world-wide. This review surveys advances in this area with a focus on the structural diversity, biosynthetic hypotheses with increasing, but still rare, verifying experimental studies, asymmetric syntheses, and biological studies, including cellular target receptor isolation studies, of this stimulating and exciting alkaloid family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Mourabit
- Centre de Recherche de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Supriya Tilvi
- Bio-organic Chemistry laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India, 403 004
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M Universtiy College Station, TX 77842-3012
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38
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Feldman KS, Nuriye AY, Li J. Extending Pummerer reaction chemistry: studies in the palau'amine synthesis area. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5042-60. [PMID: 21574600 DOI: 10.1021/jo200740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Exploratory oxidative cyclization studies on cyclopentanelated and cyclohexenelated oroidin derivatives utilized Pummerer chemistry to generate pentacyclic structures related to the palau'amine family of sponge metabolites. Stereochemical issues were paramount, and appropriate choice of annelated ring size led to formation of the pentacyclic framework with complete diastereoselectivity for all of the core bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken S Feldman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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39
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Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of indane and cyclobuta[a]indenes from homoallylic alcohols derived from Baylis–Hillman adducts: base-dependent stereoselectivity for the benzylidene group in cyclobuta[a]indene. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Shu W, Yu Q, Jia G, Ma S. Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of 2,3-Allenyl Amines, Isocyanates, and Organic Halides: A Diversified Assembly of Imidazolidinones. Chemistry 2011; 17:4720-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Feldman KS, Nuriye AY. Extending Pummerer reaction chemistry: application to the assembly of the pentacyclic core of dibromopalau'amine. Org Lett 2011; 12:4532-5. [PMID: 20839833 DOI: 10.1021/ol1018322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A pentacyclic model system featuring the trans azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane unit of dibromopalau'amine was prepared with complete diastereoselectivity in the polycyclic core from a tricyclic precursor. The key transformations of this sequence include (a) a Pummerer reaction-mediated oxidative bicyclization, and (b) a Wolff rearrangement-based ring contraction to deliver the strained azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken S Feldman
- Chemistry Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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42
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El Kaïm L, Grimaud L, Wagschal S. Palladium catalyzed ring opening of furans as a route to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1887-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04164e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Livendahl M, Echavarren AM. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions: A Mechanistic Perspective. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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44
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Ma Z, Lu J, Wang X, Chen C. Revisiting the Kinnel-Scheuer hypothesis for the biosynthesis of palau'amine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:427-9. [PMID: 20848010 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We propose herein an alternative biosynthetic pathway for palau'amine in order to resolve the stereochemical issue from the original Kinnel-Scheuer hypothesis. Furthermore, we use this revised hypothesis as a guide toward the laboratory synthesis of palau'amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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45
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Mo H, Bao W. Iron-Promoted Synthesis of Substituted 1-Halo-1,4-pentadienes by Reaction of 1,3-Diarylpropenes with Ethynylbenzenes via sp3 C−H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4856-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1006398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanjie Mo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Xixi Campus), Hangzhou 310028, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Xixi Campus), Hangzhou 310028, People’s Republic of China
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46
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Imaoka T, Akimoto T, Iwamoto O, Nagasawa K. Total Synthesis of (+)-Dibromophakellin and (+)-Dibromophakellstatin. Chem Asian J 2010; 5:1810-6. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Liang Z, Zhao J, Zhang Y. Palladium-catalyzed regioselective oxidative coupling of indoles and one-pot synthesis of acetoxylated biindolyls. J Org Chem 2010; 75:170-7. [PMID: 19957925 DOI: 10.1021/jo902265s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mild conditions have been developed to achieve Pd-catalyzed homocoupling of indoles with excellent regioselectivity in the presence of Cu(OAc)(2) x H(2)O in DMSO at room temperature in high efficiency. This method provides a simple route to 2,3'-biindolyls from the electron-rich to moderately electron-poor indoles. The reaction tolerates the bromide substituent on indoles. In addition, a one-pot approach to C3-position acetoxylated biindolyls is realized via palladium catalysis by the use of AgOAc under oxygen atmosphere as oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunjun Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
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48
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Kawano T, Matsuyama N, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Room Temperature Direct Alkynylation of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles with Alkynyl Bromides under Copper Catalysis. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1764-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9025622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kawano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoto Matsuyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hirano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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49
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Kim HR, Jung IG, Yoo K, Jang K, Lee ES, Yun J, Son SU. Bis(imidazoline-2-thione)–copper(i) catalyzed regioselective boron addition to internal alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:758-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b919515g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Recent advances in the synthesis of (hetero)aryl-substituted heteroarenes via transition metal-catalysed direct (hetero)arylation of heteroarene C–H bonds with aryl halides or pseudohalides, diaryliodonium salts, and potassium aryltrifluoroborates. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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