1
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Noble AR, Akkad S, Yates NDJ, Jeffries JM, Signoret N, Fascione MA. Towards a 'clicked' PSMA targeting gene delivery bioconjugate-polyplex for prostate cancer. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23796-23801. [PMID: 39077324 PMCID: PMC11284900 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03640a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK with over 50 000 new cases diagnosed each year and although therapeutic advances in surgery, anti-androgens, radio- and chemotherapy have increased survival rates, there still remains a need for new treatments to combat the most aggressive forms of the disease. Gene therapy offers promise as an alternative approach but is reliant on selective targeting to the cancer cell surface. Herein we describe the novel construction of a prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding bioconjugate-polyplex, based on a glutamate-urea peptide scaffold using 'click' chemistry, which we demonstrate is capable of targeted delivery of a GFP gene to PSMA overexpressing prostate cancer cells, and therefore may have potential future application as part of a prostate cancer gene delivery therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Noble
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Saeed Akkad
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - James M Jeffries
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - Martin A Fascione
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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2
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Iannone MN, Valtorta S, Stucchi S, Altomonte S, Turolla EA, Vino E, Rainone P, Zecca V, Lo Dico A, Maspero M, Figini M, Bellone M, Ciceri S, Colombo D, Chinello C, Pagani L, Moresco RM, Todde S, Ferraboschi P. Automated radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of two new PSMA-617 derivatives radiolabelled via [ 18F]AlF 2+ method. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:50. [PMID: 38904859 PMCID: PMC11192711 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade the development of new PSMA-ligand based radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of prostate cancer has been a highly active and important area of research. The most promising derivative in terms of interaction with the antigen and clinical properties has been found to be "PSMA-617", and its lutetium-177 radiolabelled version has recently been approved by EU and USA regulatory agencies for therapeutic purposes. For the above reasons, the development of new derivatives of PSMA-617 radiolabelled with fluorine-18 may still be of great interest. This paper proposes the comparison of two different PSMA-617 derivatives functionalized with NODA and RESCA chelators, respectively, radiolabelled via [18F]AlF2+ complexation. RESULTS The organic synthesis of two PSMA-617 derivatives and their radiolabelling via [18F]AlF2+ complexation resulted to proceed efficiently and successfully. Moreover, stability in solution and in plasma has been evaluated. The whole radiosynthesis procedure has been fully automated, and the final products have been obtained with radiochemical yield and purity potentially suitable for clinical studies. The biodistribution of the two derivatives was performed both in prostate cancer and glioma tumour models. Compared with the reference [18F]F-PSMA-1007 and [18F]F-PSMA-617-RESCA, [18F]F-PSMA-617-NODA derivative showed a higher uptake in both tumors, faster clearance in non-target organs, and lower uptake in salivary glands. CONCLUSION PSMA-617 NODA and RESCA derivatives were radiolabelled successfully via [18F]AlF2+ chelation, the former being more stable in solution and human plasma. Moreover, preclinical biodistribution studies showed that [18F]F-PSMA-617-NODA might be of potential interest for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Valtorta
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Stucchi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Altomonte
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elia Anna Turolla
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa Vino
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Rainone
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zecca
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Lo Dico
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Maspero
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Figini
- ANP2, Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ciceri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Lisa Pagani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sergio Todde
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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3
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Sallam M, Nguyen NT, Sainsbury F, Kimizuka N, Muyldermans S, Benešová-Schäfer M. PSMA-targeted radiotheranostics in modern nuclear medicine: then, now, and what of the future? Theranostics 2024; 14:3043-3079. [PMID: 38855174 PMCID: PMC11155394 DOI: 10.7150/thno.92612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In 1853, the perception of prostate cancer (PCa) as a rare ailment prevailed, was described by the eminent Londoner surgeon John Adams. Rapidly forward to 2018, the landscape dramatically altered. Currently, men face a one-in-nine lifetime risk of PCa, accentuated by improved diagnostic methods and an ageing population. With more than three million men in the United States alone grappling with this disease, the overall risk of succumbing to stands at one in 39. The intricate clinical and biological diversity of PCa poses serious challenges in terms of imaging, ongoing monitoring, and disease management. In the field of theranostics, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that harmoniously merge targeted imaging with treatments are integrated. A pivotal player in this arena is radiotheranostics, employing radionuclides for both imaging and therapy, with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) at the forefront. Clinical milestones have been reached, including FDA- and/or EMA-approved PSMA-targeted radiodiagnostic agents, such as [18F]DCFPyL (PYLARIFY®, Lantheus Holdings), [18F]rhPSMA-7.3 (POSLUMA®, Blue Earth Diagnostics) and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 (Locametz®, Novartis/ ILLUCCIX®, Telix Pharmaceuticals), as well as PSMA-targeted radiotherapeutic agents, such as [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 (Pluvicto®, Novartis). Concurrently, ligand-drug and immune therapies designed to target PSMA are being advanced through rigorous preclinical research and clinical trials. This review delves into the annals of PSMA-targeted radiotheranostics, exploring its historical evolution as a signature molecule in PCa management. We scrutinise its clinical ramifications, acknowledge its limitations, and peer into the avenues that need further exploration. In the crucible of scientific inquiry, we aim to illuminate the path toward a future where the enigma of PCa is deciphered and where its menace is met with precise and effective countermeasures. In the following sections, we discuss the intriguing terrain of PCa radiotheranostics through the lens of PSMA, with the fervent hope of advancing our understanding and enhancing clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sallam
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Research Center for Negative Emissions Technologies (K-NETs), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology (CMIM), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martina Benešová-Schäfer
- Research Group Molecular Biology of Systemic Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Lake BM, Rullo AF. Offsetting Low-Affinity Carbohydrate Binding with Covalency to Engage Sugar-Specific Proteins for Tumor-Immune Proximity Induction. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2064-2075. [PMID: 38033792 PMCID: PMC10683482 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding receptors are often used by the innate immune system to potentiate inflammation, target endocytosis/destruction, and adaptive immunity (e.g., CD206, DC-SIGN, MBL, and anticarbohydrate antibodies). To access this class of receptors for cancer immunotherapy, a growing repertoire of bifunctional proximity-inducing therapeutics use high-avidity multivalent carbohydrate binding domains to offset the intrinsically low affinity associated with monomeric carbohydrate-protein binding interactions (Kd ≈ 10-3-10-6 M). For applications aimed at recruiting anticarbohydrate antibodies to tumor cells, large synthetic scaffolds are used that contain both a tumor-binding domain (TBD) and a multivalent antibody-binding domain (ABD) comprising multiple l-rhamnose monosaccharides. This allows for stable bridging between tumor cells and antibodies, which activates tumoricidal immune function. Problematically, such multivalent macromolecules can face limitations including synthetic and/or structural complexity and the potential for off-target immune engagement. We envisioned that small bifunctional "proximity-inducing" molecules containing a low-affinity monovalent ABD could efficiently engage carbohydrate-binding receptors for tumor-immune proximity by coupling weak binding with covalent engagement. Typical covalent drugs and electrophilic chimeras use high-affinity ligands to promote the fast covalent engagement of target proteins (i.e., large kinact/KI), driven by a favorably small KI for binding. We hypothesized the much less favorable KI associated with carbohydrate-protein binding interactions can be offset by a favorably large kinact for the covalent labeling step. In the current study, we test this hypothesis in the context of a model system that uses rhamnose-specific antibodies to induce tumor-immune proximity and tumoricidal function. We discovered that synthetic chimeric molecules capable of preorganizing an optimal electrophile (i.e., SuFEx vs activated ester) for protein engagement can rapidly covalently engage natural sources of antirhamnose antibody using only a single low-affinity rhamnose monosaccharide ABD. Strikingly, we observe chimeric molecules lacking an electrophile, which can only noncovalently bind the antibody, completely lack tumoricidal function. This is in stark contrast to previous work targeting small molecule hapten and peptide-specific antibodies. Our findings underscore the utility of covalency as a strategy to engage low-affinity carbohydrate-specific proteins for tumor-immune proximity induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
P. M. Lake
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center, Center
for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical
Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony F. Rullo
- Department
of Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Center, Center
for Discovery in Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical
Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, Canada
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5
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Alati S, Singh R, Pomper MG, Rowe SP, Banerjee SR. Preclinical Development in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:663-686. [PMID: 37468417 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Among the various treatment options, radiopharmaceutical therapy has shown notable success in metastatic, castration-resistant disease. Radiopharmaceutical therapy is a systemic approach that delivers cytotoxic radiation doses precisely to the malignant tumors and/or tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are composed of a therapeutic radionuclide and a high-affinity, tumor-targeting carrier molecule. Therapeutic radionuclides used in preclinical prostate cancer studies are primarily α-, β--, or Auger-electron-emitting radiometals or radiohalogens. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody-derived fragments, peptides, and small molecules are frequently used as tumor-targeting molecules. Over the years, several important membrane-associated proteases and receptors have been identified, validated, and subsequently used for preclinical radiotherapeutic development for prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is the most well-studied prostate cancer-associated protease in preclinical literature. PSMA-targeting radiotherapeutic agents are being investigated using high-affinity antibody- and small-molecule-based agents for safety and efficacy. Early generations of such agents were developed simply by replacing radionuclides of the imaging agents with therapeutic ones. Later, extensive structure-activity relationship studies were conducted to address the safety and efficacy issues obtained from initial patient data. Recent regulatory approval of the 177Lu-labeled low-molecular-weight agent, 177Lu-PSMA-617, is a significant accomplishment. Current preclinical experiments are focused on the structural modification of 177Lu-PSMA-617 and relevant investigational agents to increase tumor targeting and reduce off-target binding and toxicity in healthy organs. While lutetium-177 (177Lu) remains the most widely used radionuclide, radiolabeled analogs with iodine-131 (128I), yttrium-90 (89Y), copper-67 (67Cu), and terbium-161 (161Tb) have been evaluated as potential alternatives in recent years. In addition, agents carrying the α-particle-emitting radiohalogen, astatine-211 (211At), or radiometals, actinium-225 (225Ac), lead-212 (212Pb), radium-223 (223Ra), and thorium-227 (227Th), have been increasingly investigated in preclinical research. Besides PSMA-based radiotherapeutics, other prominent prostate cancer-related proteases, for example, human kallikrein peptidases (HK2 and HK3), have been explored using monoclonal-antibody-(mAb)-based targeting platforms. Several promising mAbs targeting receptors overexpressed on the different stages of prostate cancer have also been developed for radiopharmaceutical therapy, for example, Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL-3), CD46, and CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Progress is also being made using peptide-based targeting platforms for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), a well-established membrane-associated receptor expressed in localized and metastatic prostate cancers. Furthermore, mechanism-driven combination therapies appear to be a burgeoning area in the context of preclinical prostate cancer radiotherapeutics. Here, we review the current developments related to the preclinical radiopharmaceutical therapy of prostate cancer. These are summarized in two major topics: (1) therapeutic radionuclides and (2) tumor-targeting approaches using monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, and peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Alati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rajan Singh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD.
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6
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Uspenskaia AA, Krasnikov PA, Majouga AG, Beloglazkina EK, Machulkin AE. Fluorescent Conjugates Based on Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Ligands as an Effective Visualization Tool for Prostate Cancer. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:953-967. [PMID: 37751866 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923070088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent dyes are widely used in histological studies and in intraoperative imaging, including surgical treatment of prostate cancer (PC), which is one of the most common types of cancerous tumors among men today. Targeted delivery of fluorescent conjugates greatly improves diagnostic efficiency and allows for timely correct diagnosis. In the case of PC, the protein marker is a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). To date, a large number of diagnostic conjugates targeting PSMA have been created based on modified urea. The review focuses on the conjugates selectively binding to PSMA and answers the following questions: What fluorescent dyes are already in use in the field of PC diagnosis? What factors influence the structure-activity ratio of the final molecule? What features should be considered when selecting a fluorescent tag to create new diagnostic conjugates? And what could be suggested to further development in this field at the present time?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel A Krasnikov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Moscow, 119049, Russia
- Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | | | - Aleksei E Machulkin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- RUDN University, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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7
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Milawati H, Manabe Y, Matsumoto T, Tsutsui M, Ueda Y, Miura A, Kabayama K, Fukase K. Practical Antibody Recruiting by Metabolic Labeling with Caged Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303750. [PMID: 37042088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
We propose a de novo glycan display approach that combines metabolic labeling and a glycan-caging strategy as a facile editing method for cell-surface glycans. This method enables the introduction of antigen glycans onto cancer cells to induce immune responses through antibody recruiting. The caging strategy prevents the capture of α-rhamnose (an antigen glycan) by endogenous antibodies during the introduction of the glycan to the targeted cell surface, and subsequent uncaging successfully induces immune responses. Therefore, this study proposes a practical method for editing the cell-surface glycocalyx under promiscuous conditions, such as those in vivo, which paves the way for the development of glycan function analysis and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hersa Milawati
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masato Tsutsui
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ueda
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ayane Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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8
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Murce E, Beekman S, Spaan E, Handula M, Stuurman D, de Ridder C, Seimbille Y. Preclinical Evaluation of a PSMA-Targeting Homodimer with an Optimized Linker for Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104022. [PMID: 37241763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting radiopharmaceuticals have been successfully used for diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer. Optimization of the available agents is desirable to improve tumor uptake and reduce side effects to non-target organs. This can be achieved, for instance, via linker modifications or multimerization approaches. In this study, we evaluated a small library of PSMA-targeting derivatives with modified linker residues, and selected the best candidate based on its binding affinity to PSMA. The lead compound was coupled to a chelator for radiolabeling, and subject to dimerization. The resulting molecules, 22 and 30, were highly PSMA specific (IC50 = 1.0-1.6 nM) and stable when radiolabeled with indium-111 (>90% stable in PBS and mouse serum up to 24 h). Moreover, [111In]In-30 presented a high uptake in PSMA expressing LS174T cells, with 92.6% internalization compared to 34.1% for PSMA-617. Biodistribution studies in LS174T mice xenograft models showed that [111In]In-30 had a higher tumor and kidney uptake compared to [111In]In-PSMA-617, but increasing T/K and T/M ratios at 24 h p.i. Tumors could be clearly visualized at 1 h p.i. by SPECT/CT after administration of [111In]In-22 and [111In]In-PSMA-617, while [111In]In-30 showed a clear signal at later time-points (e.g., 24 h p.i.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Murce
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Savanne Beekman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Spaan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryana Handula
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debra Stuurman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina de Ridder
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
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9
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Temml V, Kollár J, Schönleitner T, Höll A, Schuster D, Kutil Z. Combination of In Silico and In Vitro Screening to Identify Novel Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:1249-1259. [PMID: 36799916 PMCID: PMC9976286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a metalloprotease implicated in neurological diseases and prostate oncology. While several classes of potent GCPII-specific inhibitors exist, the development of novel active scaffolds with different pharmacological profiles remains a challenge. Virtual screening followed by in vitro testing is an effective means for the discovery of novel active compounds. Structure- and ligand-based pharmacophore models were created based on a dataset of known GCPII-selective ligands. These models were used in a virtual screening of the SPECS compound library (∼209.000 compounds). Fifty top-scoring virtual hits were further experimentally tested for their ability to inhibit GCPII enzymatic activity in vitro. Six hits were found to have moderate to high inhibitory potency with the best virtual hit, a modified xanthene, inhibiting GCPII with an IC50 value of 353 ± 24 nM. The identification of this novel inhibitory scaffold illustrates the applicability of pharmacophore-based modeling for the discovery of GCPII-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Temml
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jakub Kollár
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Schönleitner
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Höll
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Zsófia Kutil
- Laboratory
of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252
50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
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10
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Lake BPM, Wylie RG, Bařinka C, Rullo AF. Tunable Multivalent Platform for Immune Recruitment to Lower Antigen Expressing Cancers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214659. [PMID: 36577087 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemical immunotherapeutic strategies including Antibody Recruiting Molecules (ARMs - bivalent small molecules containing an antibody-binding domain (ABD) and a target-binding domain (TBD)) direct immune-mediated clearance of diseased cells. Anti-cancer ARM function relies on high tumor antigen valency, limiting function against lower antigen expressing tumors. To address this limitation, we report a tunable multivalent immune recruitment (MIR) platform to amplify/stabilize antibody recruitment to cells with lower antigen valencies. An initial set of polymeric ARMs (pARMs) were synthesized and screened to evaluate ABD/TBD copy number, ratio, and steric occlusion on specific immune induction. Most pARMs demonstrated simultaneous high avidity binding to anti-dinitrophenyl antibodies and prostate-specific membrane antigens on prostate cancer. Optimized pARMs mediated enhanced anti-cancer immune function against lower antigen expressing target cells compared to an analogous ARM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P M Lake
- Department of Medicine, Center for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ryan G Wylie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Cyril Bařinka
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Anthony F Rullo
- Department of Medicine, Center for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
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11
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DuPont M, Visca H, Moshnikova A, Engelman DM, Reshetnyak YK, Andreev OA. Tumor treatment by pHLIP-targeted antigen delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1082290. [PMID: 36686229 PMCID: PMC9853002 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1082290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted antigen delivery allows activation of the immune system to kill cancer cells. Here we report the targeted delivery of various epitopes, including a peptide, a small molecule, and a sugar, to tumors by pH Low Insertion Peptides (pHLIPs), which respond to surface acidity and insert to span the membranes of metabolically activated cancer and immune cells within tumors. Epitopes linked to the extracellular ends of pH Low Insertion Peptide peptides were positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells and were recognized by corresponding anti-epitope antibodies. Special attention was devoted to the targeted delivery of the nine residue HA peptide epitope from the Flu virus hemagglutinin. The HA sequence is not present in the human genome, and immunity is readily developed during viral infection or immunization with KLH-HA supplemented with adjuvants. We tested and refined a series of double-headed HA-pHLIP agents, where two HA epitopes were linked to a single pH Low Insertion Peptide peptide via two Peg12 or Peg24 polymers, which enable HA epitopes to engage both antibody binding sites. HA-epitopes positioned at the surfaces of tumor cells remain exposed to the extracellular space for 24-48 h and are then internalized. Different vaccination schemes and various adjuvants, including analogs of FDA approved adjuvants, were tested in mice and resulted in a high titer of anti-HA antibodies. Anti-HA antibody binds HA-pHLIP in blood and travels as a complex leading to significant tumor targeting with no accumulation in organs and to hepatic clearance. HA-pHLIP agents induced regression of 4T1 triple negative breast tumor and B16F10 MHC-I negative melanoma tumors in immunized mice. The therapeutic efficacy potentially is limited by the drop of the level of anti-HA antibodies in the blood to background level after three injections of HA-pHLIP. We hypothesize that additional boosts would be required to keep a high titer of anti-HA antibodies to enhance efficacy. pH Low Insertion Peptide-targeted antigen therapy may provide an opportunity to treat tumors unresponsive to T cell based therapies, having a small number of neo-antigens, or deficient in MHC-I presentation at the surfaces of cancer cells either alone or in combination with other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael DuPont
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Hannah Visca
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Donald M. Engelman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yana K. Reshetnyak
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Oleg A. Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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12
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Krishnan MA, Pandit A, Sharma R, Chelvam V. Imaging of prostate cancer: optimizing affinity to prostate specific membrane antigen by spacer modifications in a tumor spheroid model. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9909-9930. [PMID: 34180367 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1936642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is crucial for staging, treatment and management of patients. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), highly over-expressed on PCa cells, is an excellent target for selective imaging of PCa. In recent years, various scaffolds have been explored as potential carriers to target diagnostic and therapeutic agents to PSMA+ tumour cells. Numerous fluorescent or radioisotope probes linked via a peptide linker have been developed that selectively binds to PCa cells. However, there are very few reports that examine the effects of chemical modifications in the peptide linker of an imaging probe on its affinity to PSMA protein. This report systematically investigates the impact of hydrophobic aromatic moieties in the peptide linker on PSMA affinity and in vitro performance. For this, a series of fluorescent bioconjugates 12-17 with different aromatic spacers were designed, synthesized, and their interactions within the PSMA pocket were first analysed in silico. Cell uptake studies were then performed for 12-17 in PSMA+ cell lines and 3D tumour models in vitro. Binding affinity values of 12-17 were found to be in the range of 36 to 157.9 nM, and 12 with three aromatic groups in the spacer exhibit highest affinity (KD = 36 nM) compared to 17 which is devoid of aromatic groups. These studies suggest that aromatic groups in the spacer region can significantly affect deep tissue imaging of fluorescent bioconjugates. Bioconjugate 12 can be a promising diagnostic tool, and conjugation to near-infrared agents would further its applications in deep-tissue imaging and surgery. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mena Asha Krishnan
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Amit Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
| | - Venkatesh Chelvam
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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13
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Sun J, Huangfu Z, Yang J, Wang G, Hu K, Gao M, Zhong Z. Imaging-guided targeted radionuclide tumor therapy: From concept to clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114538. [PMID: 36162696 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the first introduction of sodium iodide I-131 for use with thyroid patients almost 80 years ago, more than 50 radiopharmaceuticals have reached the markets for a wide range of diseases, especially cancers. The nuclear medicine paradigm also shifts from solely molecular imaging or radionuclide therapy to imaging-guided radionuclide therapy, which is deemed a vital component of precision cancer therapy and an emerging medical modality for personalized medicine. The imaging-guided radionuclide therapy highlights the systematic integration of targeted nuclear diagnostics and radionuclide therapeutics. Regarding this, nuclear imaging serves to "visualize" the lesions and guide the therapeutic strategy, followed by administration of a precise patient specific dose of radiotherapeutics for treatment according to the absorbed dose to different organs and tumors calculated by dosimetry tools, and finally repeated imaging to predict the prognosis. This strategy leads to significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy, improved patient outcomes, and manageable adverse events. In this review, we provide an overview of imaging-guided targeted radionuclide therapy for different tumors such as advanced prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors, with a focus on development of new radioligands and their preclinical and clinical results, and further discuss about challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Huangfu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Zyk NY, Ber AP, Nimenko EA, Shafikov RR, Evteev SA, Petrov SA, Uspenskaya AA, Dashkova NS, Ivanenkov YA, Skvortsov DA, Beloglazkina EK, Majouga AG, Machulkin AE. Synthesis and initial in vitro evaluation of PSMA-targeting ligands with a modified aromatic moiety at the lysine ε-nitrogen atom. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 71:128840. [PMID: 35661685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report an improved series of ligands targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). The new compounds were designed by the introduction of changes in the structure of the aromatic fragment at ε-nitrogen atom of lysine that resulted in improved biological parameters. Some of them demonstrated high selectivity and nanomolar IC50 values. We synthesized and tested two conjugates with a fluorescent label Sulfo-Cy5 as an example of the use of the obtained PSMA inhibitors as a basis for the creation of diagnostic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Y Zyk
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton P Ber
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Nimenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Radik R Shafikov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei A Evteev
- The Federal State Unitary Enterprise Dukhov Automatics Research Institute, Moscow, 127055, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Petrov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Uspenskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Dashkova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yan A Ivanenkov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; The Federal State Unitary Enterprise Dukhov Automatics Research Institute, Moscow, 127055, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Skvortsov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena K Beloglazkina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei E Machulkin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept., Leninskie Gory, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
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15
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dos Santos JC, Schäfer M, Bauder-Wüst U, Beijer B, Eder M, Leotta K, Kleist C, Meyer JP, Dilling TR, Lewis JS, Kratochwil C, Kopka K, Haberkorn U, Mier W. Refined Chelator Spacer Moieties Ameliorate the Pharmacokinetics of PSMA-617. Front Chem 2022; 10:898692. [PMID: 36017165 PMCID: PMC9396645 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.898692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) binding tracers are promising agents for the targeting of prostate tumors. To further optimize the clinically established radiopharmaceutical PSMA-617, novel PSMA ligands for prostate cancer endoradiotherapy were developed. A series of PSMA binding tracers that comprise a benzyl group at the chelator moiety were obtained by solid-phase synthesis. The compounds were labeled with 68Ga or 177Lu. Competitive cell-binding assays and internalization assays were performed using the cell line C4-2, a subline of the PSMA positive cell line LNCaP (human lymph node carcinoma of the prostate). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and biodistribution studies were conducted in a C4-2 tumor bearing BALB/c nu/nu mouse model. All 68Ga-labeled ligands were stable in human serum over 2 h; 177Lu-CA030 was stable over 72 h. The PSMA ligands revealed inhibition potencies [Ki] (equilibrium inhibition constants) between 4.8 and 33.8 nM. The percentage of internalization of the injected activity/106 cells of 68Ga-CA028, 68Ga-CA029, and 68Ga-CA030 was 41.2 ± 2.7, 44.3 ± 3.9, and 53.8 ± 5.4, respectively; for the comparator 68Ga-PSMA-617, 15.5 ± 3.1 was determined. Small animal PET imaging of the compounds showed a high tumor-to-background contrast. Organ distribution studies revealed high specific uptake in the tumor, that is, approximately 34.4 ± 9.8% of injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 1 h post injection for 68Ga-CA028. At 1 h p.i., 68Ga-CA028 and 68Ga-CA030 demonstrated lower kidney uptake than 68Ga-PSMA-617, but at later time points, kidney time–activity curves converge. In line with the preclinical data, first diagnostic PET imaging using 68Ga-CA028 and 68Ga-CA030 revealed high-contrast detection of bone and lymph node lesions in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The novel PSMA ligands, in particular CA028 and CA030, are promising agents for targeting PSMA-positive tumor lesions as shown in the preclinical evaluation and in a first patient, respectively. Thus, clinical translation of 68Ga-CA028 and 68Ga/177Lu-CA030 for diagnostics and endoradiotherapy of prostate cancer in larger cohorts of patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Schäfer
- Research Group Molecular Biology of Systemic Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bauder-Wüst
- Research Group Molecular Biology of Systemic Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbro Beijer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Freiburg, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Leotta
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kleist
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Philip Meyer
- Department of Radiology and the Program in Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas R. Dilling
- Department of Radiology and the Program in Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department of Radiology and the Program in Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clemens Kratochwil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter Mier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Walter Mier,
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16
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Szponarski M, Gademann K. Antibody Recognition of Cancer Cells via Glycan Surface Engineering. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200125. [PMID: 35638149 PMCID: PMC9400979 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of the body's immune system toward tumor cells is now well recognized as a promising strategy in cancer therapy. Just behind cell therapy and monoclonal antibodies, small molecule-based strategies are receiving growing attention as alternatives to direct immune response against tumor cells. However, the development of small-molecule approaches to modulate the balance between stimulatory immune factors and suppressive factors in a targeted way remains a challenge. Here, we report the cell surface functionalization of LS174T cancer cells with an abiotic hapten to recruit antibodies to the cell surface. Metabolic glycoengineering followed by covalent reaction with the hapten results in antibody recognition of the target cells. Microscopy and flow cytometry studies provide compelling evidence that metabolic glycoengineering and small molecule stimulators can be combined to direct antibody recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karl Gademann
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich8057ZurichSwitzerland
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17
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psma-targeted NIR probes for image-guided detection of prostate cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Hribernik N, Chiodo F, Pieters R, Bernardi A. Rhamnose-based glycomimetic for recruitment of endogenous anti-rhamnose antibodies. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Liolios C, Patsis C, Lambrinidis G, Tzortzini E, Roscher M, Bauder-Wüst U, Kolocouris A, Kopka K. Investigation of Tumor Cells and Receptor-Ligand Simulation Models for the Development of PET Imaging Probes Targeting PSMA and GRPR and a Possible Crosstalk between the Two Receptors. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2231-2247. [PMID: 35467350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) have both been used in nuclear medicine as targets for molecular imaging and therapy of prostate (PCa) and breast cancer (BCa). Three bioconjugate probes, the PSMA specific: [68Ga]Ga-1, ((HBED-CC)-Ahx-Lys-NH-CO-NH Glu or PSMA-11), the GRPR specific: [68Ga]Ga-2, ((HBED-CC)-4-amino-1-carboxymethyl piperidine-[D-Phe6, Sta13]BN(6-14), a bombesin (BN) analogue), and 3 (the BN analogue: 4-amino-1-carboxymethyl piperidine-[(R)-Phe6, Sta13]BN(6-14) connected with the fluorescent dye, BDP-FL), were synthesized and tested in vitro with PCa and BCa cell lines, more specifically, with PCa cells, PC-3 and LNCaP, with BCa cells, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and with the in-house created PSMA-overexpressing PC-3(PSMA), T47D(PSMA), and MDA-MB-231(PSMA). In addition, biomolecular simulations were conducted on the association of 1 and 2 with PSMA and GRPR. The PSMA overexpression resulted in an increase of cell-bound radioligand [68Ga]Ga-1 (PSMA) for PCa and BCa cells and also of [68Ga]Ga-2 (GRPR), especially in those cell lines already expressing GRPR. The results were confirmed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting with a PE-labeled PSMA-specific antibody and the fluorescence tracer 3. The docking calculations and molecular dynamics simulations showed how 1 enters the PSMA funnel region and how pharmacophore Glu-urea-Lys interacts with the arginine patch, the S1', and S1 subpockets by forming hydrogen and van der Waals bonds. The chelating moiety of 1, that is, HBED-CC, forms additional stabilizing hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions in the arene-binding site. Ligand 2 is diving into the GRPR transmembrane (TM) helical cavity, thereby forming hydrogen bonds through its amidated end, water-mediated hydrogen bonds, and π-π interactions. Our results provide valuable information regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions of 1 and 2 with PSMA and GRPR, which might be useful for the diagnostic imaging and therapy of PCa and BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Liolios
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Radiochemical Studies Laboratory, INRASTES, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Patsis
- Division of Cell Plasticity and Epigenetic Remodelling, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - George Lambrinidis
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Efpraxia Tzortzini
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Mareike Roscher
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bauder-Wüst
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technical University Dresden, Lebensmittelchemie Chemiegebäude, Raum 413 Bergstr. 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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20
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Liang S, Ma X, Li M, Yi Y, Gao Q, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhou D, Xiao S. Novel β-Cyclodextrin-Based Heptavalent Glycyrrhetinic Acid Conjugates: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anti-Influenza Activity. Front Chem 2022; 10:836955. [PMID: 35494649 PMCID: PMC9039011 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.836955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our continuing efforts toward the design of novel pentacyclic triterpene derivatives as potential anti-influenza virus entry inhibitors, a series of homogeneous heptavalent glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives based on β-cyclodextrin scaffold were designed and synthesized by click chemistry. The structure was unambiguously characterized by NMR, IR, and MALDI-TOF-MS measurements. Seven conjugates showed sufficient inhibitory activity against influenza virus infection based on the cytopathic effect reduction assay with IC50 values in the micromolar range. The interactions of conjugate 37, the most potent compound (IC50 = 2.86 μM, CC50 > 100 μM), with the influenza virus were investigated using the hemagglutination inhibition assay. Moreover, the surface plasmon resonance assay further confirmed that compound 37 bound to the influenza HA protein specifically with a dissociation constant of 5.15 × 10−7 M. Our results suggest the promising role of β-cyclodextrin as a scaffold for preparing a variety of multivalent compounds as influenza entry inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuobin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanliang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8232, Paris, France
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Demin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sulong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Sulong Xiao,
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Is there a diagnostic benefit of late-phase abdomino-pelvic PET/CT after urination as part of whole-body 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for restaging patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy? EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:12. [PMID: 35244791 PMCID: PMC8897520 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-022-00885-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the diagnostic value of an additional late-phase PET/CT scan after urination as part of 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the restaging of patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR). Methods This retrospective trial included patients with BCR following radical prostatectomy, who underwent standard whole-body early-phase PET/CT performed 105 ± 45 min and an additional late-phase PET/CT performed 159 ± 13 min after injection of 68 Ga-PSMA-11. Late-phase PET/CT covered a body volume from below the liver to the upper thighs and was conducted after patients had used the bathroom to empty their urinary bladder. Early- and late-phase images were evaluated regarding lesion count, type, localisation, and SUVmax. Reference standard was histopathology and/or follow-up imaging. Results Whole-body early-phase PET/CT detected 93 prostate cancer lesions in 33 patients. Late-phase PET/CT detected two additional lesions in two patients, both local recurrences. In total, there were 57 nodal, 28 bone, and 3 lung metastases, and 7 local recurrences. Between early- and late-phase PET/CT, lymph node metastases showed a significant increase of SUVmax from 14.5 ± 11.6 to 21.5 ± 17.6 (p = 0.00007), translating to a factor of + 1.6. Benign lymph nodes in the respective regions showed a significantly lower increase of SUVmax of 1.4 ± 0.5 to 1.7 ± 0.5 (p = 0.0014, factor of + 1.2). Local recurrences and bone metastases had a SUVmax on late-phase PET/CT that was + 1.7 and + 1.1 times higher than the SUVmax on early-phase PET/CT, respectively. Conclusion In patients with BCR following radical prostatectomy, an additional abdomino-pelvic late-phase 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan performed after emptying the urinary bladder may help to detect local recurrences missed on standard whole-body 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Lymph node metastases show a higher SUVmax and a stronger increase of SUVmax than benign lymph nodes on late-phase PET/CT, hence, biphasic 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT might help to distinguish between malignant and benign nodes. Bone metastases, and especially local recurrences, also demonstrate a metabolic increase over time.
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22
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Identification of alternative protein targets of glutamate-ureido-lysine associated with PSMA tracer uptake in prostate cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2025710119. [PMID: 35064078 PMCID: PMC8795759 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025710119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-ureido-lysine (GUL) probes are specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed by most prostate cancers. This antigen can be lost as the cancer progresses. Recent reports have indicated that GUL probes can still identify these PSMA-negative tumors, indicating that the expression of alternative PSMA-like proteins may change during disease progression. In this study we identified two such candidate protein targets, NAALADaseL and mGluR8, by using a combined computational chemistry, data mining, molecular biology, radiochemistry, and synthetic chemistry approach. This work consequently prepares the groundwork for developing specific probes that can identify this progression, indicates directions for neuroendocrine prostate cancer research, and highlights the utility of a multidisciplinary approach for the rapid identification of unidentified proteins interacting with diagnostic probes. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly overexpressed in most prostate cancers and is clinically visualized using PSMA-specific probes incorporating glutamate-ureido-lysine (GUL). PSMA is effectively absent from certain high-mortality, treatment-resistant subsets of prostate cancers, such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC); however, GUL-based PSMA tracers are still reported to have the potential to identify NEPC metastatic tumors. These probes may bind unknown proteins associated with PSMA-suppressed cancers. We have identified the up-regulation of PSMA-like aminopeptidase NAALADaseL and the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in PSMA-suppressed prostate cancers and find that their expression levels inversely correlate with PSMA expression and are associated with GUL-based radiotracer uptake. Furthermore, we identify that NAALADaseL and mGluR expression correlates with a unique cell cycle signature. This provides an opportunity for the future study of the biology of NEPC and potential therapeutic directions. Computationally predicting that GUL-based probes bind well to these targets, we designed and synthesized a fluorescent PSMA tracer to investigate these proteins in vitro, where it shows excellent affinity for PSMA, NAALADaseL, and specific mGluRs associated with poor prognosis.
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23
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Metamorphosis of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:303-315. [PMID: 35340601 PMCID: PMC8921357 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), also called glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP(II)), is a Zn-dependent metalloprotease that is known as a well prostate cancer indication and a potential targeting towards anti-cancer medicines and drug delivery. Because of its centrality in the diagnostics and treatment of prostate cancer, several types of inhibitors are designed with particular scaffolds. In this study, important groups of related inhibitors as well as reported experimental and computational studies are being reviewed, in which we examined three functional groups on each group of structures. The importance of computational biochemistry and the necessity of extensive research in this area on PSMA and its effective ligands are recommended.
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24
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Iannone MN, Stucchi S, Turolla EA, Beretta C, Ciceri S, Chinello C, Pagani L, Todde S, Ferraboschi P. Synthesis and automated fluorine-18 radiolabeling of new PSMA-617 derivatives with a CuAAC radiosynthetic approach. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2021; 65:48-62. [PMID: 34964165 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M N Iannone
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Tecnomed Foundation
| | - S Stucchi
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Tecnomed Foundation
| | - E A Turolla
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Tecnomed Foundation
| | - C Beretta
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Tecnomed Foundation
| | - S Ciceri
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano
| | - C Chinello
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | - L Pagani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | - S Todde
- Tecnomed Foundation, CNR-IBFM, University of Milano-Bicocca
| | - P Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milano
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25
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Dietlin-Auril V, Lecerf M, Depinay S, Noé R, Dimitrov JD. Interaction with 2,4-dinitrophenol correlates with polyreactivity, self-binding, and stability of clinical-stage therapeutic antibodies. Mol Immunol 2021; 140:233-239. [PMID: 34773862 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies should cover particular physicochemical and functional requirements for successful entry into clinical practice. Numerous experimental and computational approaches have been developed for early identification of different unfavourable features of antibodies. Immune repertoires of healthy humans contain a fraction of antibodies that recognize nitroarenes. These antibodies have been demonstrated to manifest antigen-binding polyreactivity. Here we observed that >20 % of 112 clinical stage therapeutic antibodies show pronounced binding to 2,4-dinitrophenol conjugated to albumin. This interaction predicts a number of unfavourable functional and physicochemical features of antibodies such as polyreactivity, tendency for self-association, stability and expression yields. Based on these findings we proposed a simple approach that may add to the armamentarium of assays for early identification of developability liabilities of antibodies intended for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Dietlin-Auril
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Lecerf
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Depinay
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Noé
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.
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26
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Lahnif H, Grus T, Pektor S, Greifenstein L, Schreckenberger M, Rösch F. Hybrid Chelator-Based PSMA Radiopharmaceuticals: Translational Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216332. [PMID: 34770742 PMCID: PMC8588462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been extensively studied in the last decade. It became a promising biological target in the diagnosis and therapy of PSMA-expressing cancer diseases. Although there are several radiolabeled PSMA inhibitors available, the search for new compounds with improved pharmacokinetic properties and simplified synthesis is still ongoing. In this study, we developed PSMA ligands with two different hybrid chelators and a modified linker. Both compounds have displayed a promising pharmacokinetic profile. (2) Methods: DATA5m.SA.KuE and AAZTA5.SA.KuE were synthesized. DATA5m.SA.KuE was labeled with gallium-68 and radiochemical yields of various amounts of precursor at different temperatures were determined. Complex stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum (HS) was examined at 37 °C. Binding affinity and internalization ratio were determined in in vitro assays using PSMA-positive LNCaP cells. Tumor accumulation and biodistribution were evaluated in vivo and ex vivo using an LNCaP Balb/c nude mouse model. All experiments were conducted with PSMA-11 as reference. (3) Results: DATA5m.SA.KuE was synthesized successfully. AAZTA5.SA.KuE was synthesized and labeled according to the literature. Radiolabeling of DATA5m.SA.KuE with gallium-68 was performed in ammonium acetate buffer (1 M, pH 5.5). High radiochemical yields (>98%) were obtained with 5 nmol at 70 °C, 15 nmol at 50 °C, and 60 nmol (50 µg) at room temperature. [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.KuE was stable in human serum as well as in PBS after 120 min. PSMA binding affinities of AAZTA5.SA.KuE and DATA5m.SA.KuE were in the nanomolar range. PSMA-specific internalization ratio was comparable to PSMA-11. In vivo and ex vivo studies of [177Lu]Lu-AAZTA5.SA.KuE, [44Sc]Sc-AAZTA5.SA.KuE and [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m.SA.KuE displayed specific accumulation in the tumor along with fast clearance and reduced off-target uptake. (4) Conclusions: Both KuE-conjugates showed promising properties especially in vivo allowing for translational theranostic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Lahnif
- Department of Chemistry—TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (T.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Tilmann Grus
- Department of Chemistry—TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (T.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Stefanie Pektor
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Lukas Greifenstein
- Department of Chemistry—TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (T.G.); (L.G.)
- Curanosticum Wiesbaden–Frankfurt, 65191 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Mathias Schreckenberger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Frank Rösch
- Department of Chemistry—TRIGA Site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.L.); (T.G.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-39-25302
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Eder AC, Schäfer M, Schmidt J, Bauder-Wüst U, Roscher M, Leotta K, Haberkorn U, Kopka K, Eder M. Rational Linker Design to Accelerate Excretion and Reduce Background Uptake of Peptidomimetic PSMA-Targeting Hybrid Molecules. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:1461-1467. [PMID: 33741642 PMCID: PMC8724895 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.248443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of peptidomimetic hybrid molecules for preoperative imaging and guided surgery targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) significantly progressed over the past few years, and some approaches are currently being evaluated for further clinical translation. However, accumulation in nonmalignant tissue such as kidney, bladder, spleen, or liver might limit tumor-to-background contrast for precise lesion delineation, particularly in a surgical setting. To overcome these limitations, a rational linker design aims at the development of a second generation of PSMA-11-based hybrid molecules with an enhanced pharmacokinetic profile and improved imaging contrast. Methods: A selection of rationally designed linkers was introduced to the PSMA-targeting hybrid molecule Glu-urea-Lys-HBED-CC-IRDye800CW, resulting in a second-generation peptidomimetic hybrid molecule library. The biologic properties were investigated in cell-based assays. In a preclinical proof-of-concept study with the radionuclide 68Ga, the impact of the modifications was evaluated by determination of specific tumor uptake, pharmacokinetics, and fluorescence imaging in tumor-bearing mice. Results: The modified hybrid molecules carrying various selected linkers revealed high PSMA-specific binding affinity and effective internalization. The highest tumor-to-background contrast of all modifications investigated was identified for the introduction of a histidine- (H) and glutamic acid (E)-containing linker ((HE)3-linker) between the PSMA-binding motif and the chelator. In comparison to the parental core structure, uptake in nonmalignant tissue was significantly reduced to a minimum, as exemplified by an 11-fold reduced spleen uptake from 38.12 ± 14.62 percentage injected dose (%ID)/g to 3.47 ± 1.39 %ID/g (1 h after injection). The specific tumor uptake of this compound (7.59 ± 0.95 %ID/g, 1 h after injection) was detected to be significantly higher than that of the parental tracer PSMA-11. These findings confirmed by PET and fluorescence imaging are accompanied by an enhanced pharmacokinetic profile with accelerated background clearance at early time points after injection. Conclusion: The novel generation of PSMA-targeting hybrid molecules reveals fast elimination, reduced background organ enrichment, and high PSMA-specific tumor uptake meeting the key demands for potent tracers in nuclear medicine and fluorescence-guided surgery. The approach's efficacy in improving the pharmacokinetic profile highlights the strengths of rational linker design as a powerful tool in strategic hybrid-molecule development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Schäfer
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Schmidt
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bauder-Wüst
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Roscher
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Leotta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
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Iikuni S, Tarumizu Y, Nakashima K, Higaki Y, Ichikawa H, Watanabe H, Ono M. Radiotheranostics Using a Novel 225Ac-Labeled Radioligand with Improved Pharmacokinetics Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13429-13438. [PMID: 34477385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
225Ac-based radiotheranostics targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has induced impressive responses in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. To enhance the therapeutic effects of radioligands labeled with 225Ac (half-life: 10 days), a radioligand that shows longer tumor retention would be useful. Here, we designed and synthesized a straight-chain PSMA-targeting radioligand, PSMA-DA1, which includes an (iodophenyl)butyric acid derivative as an albumin binder (ALB). We performed preclinical evaluations of PSMA-DA1 as a tool for PSMA-targeting radiotheranostics using 111In, 90Y, and 225Ac. [111In]In-PSMA-DA1 demonstrated significantly greater tumor uptake and retention than a corresponding non-ALB-conjugated compound. In mice, single-photon emission computed tomography performed with [111In]In-PSMA-DA1 produced clear tumor images, and the administration of [90Y]Y-PSMA-DA1 or [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-DA1 inhibited tumor growth. [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-DA1 had antitumor effects in mice at a lower radioactivity level than [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617, which has been reported to be clinically useful. These results indicate that PSMA-DA1 may be a useful PSMA-targeting radiotheranostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Iikuni
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Tarumizu
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuma Nakashima
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Higaki
- Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd., 3-4-10 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd., 3-4-10 Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Karyağar S, Güven O, Karyağar SS, Arici S, Selvi O, Geredeli Ç, Özülker F. Can 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT-derived prostate-specific membrane antigen expression parameters predict prostate-specific antigen response to enzalutamide treatment? Nucl Med Commun 2021; 42:1011-1016. [PMID: 33958536 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPCa), enzalutamide is administered when docetaxel treatment fails. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and metabolic parameters obtained from 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT before treatment in this patient group. METHODS From February 2018 to May 2020, 34 patients with mCRPCa were enrolled in this study. The association between PSA response (at least 50% decrease compared to the pretreatment value) and quantitative prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression parameters such as SUVmax, SUVmean, PSMA-TV (PSMA receptor-expressing tumor volume) and TL-PSMA (total lesion PSMA receptor expression) were evaluated. RESULTS Mean SUVmax, SUVmean, PSMA receptor-expressing tumor volume (PSMA-TV) and total lesion PSMA receptor expression (TL-PSMA) values were 33.66 ± 20.42; 8.82 ± 5.03; 319.85 ± 615.12 cm3; and 2894.76 ± 5195.13, respectively. In the posttreatment 12th week, 22 patients (64.7%) had PSA response, while 12 patients (35.3%) were nonresponders. In patients with PSA response, PSMA-TV values were significantly lower than nonresponders (78.37 ± 80.99 cm3 vs. 451.58 ± 734.61 cm3; P = 0.028). But there was no significant difference between responders and nonresponders in terms of age, ISUP grade, SUVmax, SUVmean, TL-PSMA, pretreatment PSA values, presence of local recurrence or metastases at any site. CONCLUSION PSMA-TV values on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging before starting enzalutamide treatment following docetaxel failure can predict PSA response in patients with mCRPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Serdar Arici
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University Medical Faculty, Prof Dr Cemil Taşçioğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Selvi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University Medical Faculty, Prof Dr Cemil Taşçioğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çağlayan Geredeli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University Medical Faculty, Prof Dr Cemil Taşçioğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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El Fakiri M, Geis NM, Ayada N, Eder M, Eder AC. PSMA-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals for Prostate Cancer Therapy: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163967. [PMID: 34439121 PMCID: PMC8393521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary One of the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men is adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Once the disease is metastatic, only very limited treatment options are available, resulting in a very short median survival time of 13 months; however, this reality is gradually changing due to the discovery of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a protein that is present in cancerous prostate tissue. Researchers have developed pharmaceuticals specific for PSMA, ranging from antibodies (mAb) to low-molecular weight molecules coupled to beta minus and alpha-emitting radionuclides for their use in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). TRT offers the possibility of selectively removing cancer tissue via the emission of radiation or radioactive particles within the tumour. In this article, the major milestones in PSMA ligand research and the therapeutic developments are summarised, together with a future perspective on the enhancement of current therapeutic approaches. Abstract Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among men, with 1.3 million yearly cases worldwide. Among those cancer-afflicted men, 30% will develop metastases and some will progress into metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which is associated with a poor prognosis and median survival time that ranges from nine to 13 months. Nevertheless, the discovery of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a marker overexpressed in the majority of prostatic cancerous tissue, revolutionised PC care. Ever since, PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy has gained remarkable international visibility in translational oncology. Furthermore, on first clinical application, it has shown significant influence on therapeutic management and patient care in metastatic and hormone-refractory prostate cancer, a disease that previously had remained immedicable. In this article, we provide a general overview of the main milestones in the development of ligands for PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy, ranging from the firstly developed monoclonal antibodies to the current state-of-the-art low molecular weight entities conjugated with various radionuclides, as well as potential future efforts related to PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Fakiri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.E.F.); (N.M.G.); (N.A.); (A.-C.E.)
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas M. Geis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.E.F.); (N.M.G.); (N.A.); (A.-C.E.)
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nawal Ayada
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.E.F.); (N.M.G.); (N.A.); (A.-C.E.)
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.E.F.); (N.M.G.); (N.A.); (A.-C.E.)
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-74220
| | - Ann-Christin Eder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (M.E.F.); (N.M.G.); (N.A.); (A.-C.E.)
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Development, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Lee SC, Ma JSY, Kim MS, Laborda E, Choi SH, Hampton EN, Yun H, Nunez V, Muldong MT, Wu CN, Ma W, Kulidjian AA, Kane CJ, Klyushnichenko V, Woods AK, Joseph SB, Petrassi M, Wisler J, Li J, Jamieson CAM, Schultz PG, Kim CH, Young TS. A PSMA-targeted bispecific antibody for prostate cancer driven by a small-molecule targeting ligand. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/33/eabi8193. [PMID: 34380625 PMCID: PMC8357232 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the development of next-generation antiandrogens, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains incurable. Here, we describe a unique semisynthetic bispecific antibody that uses site-specific unnatural amino acid conjugation to combine the potency of a T cell-recruiting anti-CD3 antibody with the specificity of an imaging ligand (DUPA) for prostate-specific membrane antigen. This format enabled optimization of structure and function to produce a candidate (CCW702) with specific, potent in vitro cytotoxicity and improved stability compared with a bispecific single-chain variable fragment format. In vivo, CCW702 eliminated C4-2 xenografts with as few as three weekly subcutaneous doses and prevented growth of PCSD1 patient-derived xenograft tumors in mice. In cynomolgus monkeys, CCW702 was well tolerated up to 34.1 mg/kg per dose, with near-complete subcutaneous bioavailability and a PK profile supporting testing of a weekly dosing regimen in patients. CCW702 is being evaluated in a first in-human clinical trial for men with mCRPC who had progressed on prior therapies (NCT04077021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Chang Lee
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jennifer S Y Ma
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eduardo Laborda
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sei-Hyun Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric N Hampton
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vanessa Nunez
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michelle T Muldong
- Department of Urology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christina N Wu
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wenxue Ma
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anna A Kulidjian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Scripps MD Anderson Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher J Kane
- Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vadim Klyushnichenko
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ashley K Woods
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sean B Joseph
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mike Petrassi
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John Wisler
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christina A M Jamieson
- Department of Urology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Peter G Schultz
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chan Hyuk Kim
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Travis S Young
- Department of Biology, Calibr, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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32
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Zhu YS, Tang K, Lv J. Peptide-drug conjugate-based novel molecular drug delivery system in cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:857-869. [PMID: 34334251 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems are generally believed to comprise drugs and excipients. A peptide-drug conjugate is a single molecule that can simultaneously play multiple roles in a drug delivery system, such as in vivo drug distribution, targeted release, and bioactivity functions. This molecule can be regarded as an integrated drug delivery system, so it is called a molecular drug delivery system. In the context of cancer therapy, a peptide-drug conjugate comprises a tumor-targeting peptide, a payload, and a linker. Tumor-targeting peptides specifically identify membrane receptors on tumor cells, improve drug-targeted therapeutic effects, and reduce toxic and side effects. Payloads with bioactive functions connect to tumor-targeting peptides through linkers. In this review, we explored ongoing clinical work on peptide-drug conjugates targeting various receptors. We discuss the binding mechanisms of tumor-targeting peptides and related receptors, as well as the limiting factors for peptide-drug conjugate-based molecular drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shen Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Kexing Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayi Lv
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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33
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Regmi SK, Sathianathen N, Stout TE, Konety BR. MRI/PET Imaging in elevated PSA and localized prostate cancer: a narrative review. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3117-3129. [PMID: 34430415 PMCID: PMC8350235 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the recent milestones in MRI and PET based imaging and evaluate their evolving role in the setting of elevated PSA as well as localized prostate cancer. BACKGROUND The importance of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and PET based imaging for the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer cannot be understated. Accurate staging has become another significant milestone with the use of PET scans, particularly with prostate specific radiotracers like 68-Gallium Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (68Ga-PSMA). Integrated PET/MRI systems are commercially available and can be modulated to evaluate the unique needs of localized as well as recurrent prostate cancer. METHODS A literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar using the MeSH compliant and other keywords that included prostate cancer, PSA, mpMRI, PET CT, PET/MRI. CONCLUSIONS mpMRI has now established itself as the gold-standard of local prostate imaging and has been incorporated into international guidelines as part of the diagnostic work-up of prostate cancer. PSMA PET/CT has shown superiority over conventional imaging even in staging of localized prostate cancer based on recent randomized control data. Imaging parameters from PET/MRI have been shown to be associated with malignancy, Gleason score and tumour volume. As mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT become more ubiquitous and established; we can anticipate more high-quality data, cost optimization and increasing availability of PET/MRI to be ready for primetime in localized prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subodh K. Regmi
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Thomas E. Stout
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Todaro B, Achilli S, Liet B, Laigre E, Tiertant C, Goyard D, Berthet N, Renaudet O. Structural influence of antibody recruiting glycodendrimers (ARGs) on antitumoral cytotoxicity. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4076-4085. [PMID: 33913968 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The recruitment of endogenous antibodies against cancer cells has become a reliable antitumoral immunotherapeutic alternative over the last decade. The covalent attachment of antibody and tumor binding modules (ABM and TBM) within a single, well-defined synthetic molecule was indeed demonstrated to promote the formation of an interacting ternary complex between both the antibodies and the targeted cell, which usually results in the simultaneous immune-mediated cellular destruction. In a preliminary study, we have described the first Antibody Recruiting Glycodendrimers (ARGs), combining cRGD as ligands for the αVβ3-expressing melanoma cell line M21 and Rha as ligand for natural IgM, and demonstrated that multivalency is an essential requirement to form this complex. In the present study, we synthesized a new series of ARGs composed of ABMs, i.e. self-condensed rhamnosylated cyclopeptide and polylysine dendrimer, which have been conjugated to the TBM with or without spacer. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments with human serum and different cell lines revealed that the ABM geometry significantly influences the ternary complex formation in M21, whereas no significant binding occurs in BT 549 having low integrin expression. In addition, we demonstrate with a cellular viability assay that ARGs induce high level of cytotoxicity against M21 which is also in close correlation with the ABM structure. In particular, we have shown that ARG combining cyclopeptide core and branches, with or without spacer, induce 40-57% of selective cytotoxicity against M21 cells in the presence of human serum as the unique source of immunity effectors. Finally, we also highlight that the spacer between ABM and TBM enables an increase of the immune-mediate cytotoxicity even with ABM of lower valency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Silvia Achilli
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Benjamin Liet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Eugénie Laigre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Claire Tiertant
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - David Goyard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Nathalie Berthet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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35
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Ha H, Kwon H, Lim T, Jang J, Park SK, Byun Y. Inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen in the diagnosis and therapy of metastatic prostate cancer - a review of patent literature. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:525-547. [PMID: 33459068 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1878145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), also known as glutamate carboxypeptidase II, is a potential target protein for imaging and treatment of patients with prostate cancer because of its overexpression during metastasis. Various PSMA-targeted imaging and therapeutic probes have been designed and synthesized based on the Lys-urea-Glu motif. Structural modifications have been made exclusively in the linker region, while maintaining the Lys-urea-Glu structure that interacts with S1 and S1' pockets. AREA COVERED This review includes WIPO-listed patents (from January 2017 to June 2020) reporting PSMA-targeted probes based on the Lys-urea-Glu or Glu-urea-Glu structure. EXPERT OPINION : PSMA-targeted imaging agents labeled with radionuclides such as fluorine-18, copper-64, gallium-68, and technetium-99m have been successfully translated into clinical phase for the early diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer. Recently, PSMA-targeted therapeutic agents labeled with iodine-131, lutetium-177, astatine-211, and lead-212 have also been developed with notable progress. Most PSMA-targeted agents are based on the Lys-urea-Glu or Glu-urea-Glu structure, demonstrate strong PSMA-binding affinity in nanomolar range, and achieve diverse structural modifications in the non-pharmacophore pocket. By exploiting the S1 accessory pocket or the tunnel region of the PSMA active site, the in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of the PMSA-targeted agents can be effectively modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsoo Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Hongmok Kwon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Taehyeong Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Jaebong Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Song-Kyu Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 30019, South Korea
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36
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Zeng Q, Xie T, Yao S, Zhang J, Cui M. Synthesis, Preclinical Evaluation, and First-in-Human PET Study of Quinoline-Containing PSMA Tracers with Decreased Renal Excretion. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4179-4195. [PMID: 33783213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is considered to be an excellent theranostic target of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, three 18F-labeled PSMA tracers with a more lipophilic quinoline functional spacer were designed, synthesized, and evaluated based on the Glu-Ureido-Lys binding motif. The effect of structure-related lipophilic difference on distribution and excretion of these tracers in vitro and in vivo (cells, rodent, primate, and human) was investigated by comparing with [18F]DCFPyL. There is no significant correlation between the renal elimination and the lipophilicity of the tracers in all species. However, the higher the lipophilicity of tracer, the higher the radioactivity accumulation in the liver of primate and human, and the less radioactivity is to excrete to the bladder with urine. The screened tracer [18F]8c, with a Ki value of 4.58 nM, displayed notable low bladder retention and demonstrated good imaging properties in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yitian Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tianxin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shulin Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
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37
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Martin S, Tönnesmann R, Hierlmeier I, Maus S, Rosar F, Ruf J, Holland JP, Ezziddin S, Bartholomä MD. Identification, Characterization, and Suppression of Side Products Formed during the Synthesis of [ 177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4960-4971. [PMID: 33826320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, radiolabeled tracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have had a tremendous impact on prostate cancer management. Here, we report on the formation of radioactive impurities formed during the clinical production of 177Lu-labeled PSMA-617. We provide compelling evidence that these impurities are the result of a spontaneous, thermally mediated condensation reaction of the Glu-CO-Lys moiety resulting in the formation of three different five-membered ring systems. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the condensation and cyclization of the Glu-CO-Lys moiety is thermodynamically spontaneous. In cell experiments, no affinity of these cyclized compounds toward PSMA was observed. HPLC analyses of urine samples from patient studies showed rapid renal excretion of these radioactive cyclized species. Radiolabeling conditions were identified that significantly reduced the formation of cyclized side products yielding 177Lu-labeled PSMA-617 in high radiochemical yield and purity in concordance with current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Martin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue de Bugnon 25A, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roswitha Tönnesmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ina Hierlmeier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Maus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Florian Rosar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Juri Ruf
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jason P Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samer Ezziddin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Mark D Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University-Medical Center, Kirrbergerstrasse, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
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38
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Boinapally S, Ahn HH, Cheng B, Brummet M, Nam H, Gabrielson KL, Banerjee SR, Minn I, Pomper MG. A prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted prodrug with a favorable in vivo toxicity profile. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7114. [PMID: 33782486 PMCID: PMC8007718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising target for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PC) and various solid tumors. Although PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) has enabled significant imaging and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) responses, accumulating clinical data are beginning to reveal certain limitations, including a subgroup of non-responders, relapse, radiation-induced toxicity, and the need for specialized facilities for its administration. To date non-radioactive attempts to leverage PSMA to treat PC with antibodies, nanomedicines or cell-based therapies have met with modest success. We developed a non-radioactive prodrug, SBPD-1, composed of a small-molecule PSMA-targeting moiety, a cancer-selective cleavable linker, and the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). SBPD-1 demonstrated high binding affinity to PSMA (Ki = 8.84 nM) and selective cytotoxicity to PSMA-expressing PC cell lines (IC50 = 3.90 nM). SBPD-1 demonstrated a significant survival benefit in two murine models of human PC relative to controls. The highest dose tested did not induce toxicity in immunocompetent mice. The high specific targeting ability of SBPD-1 to PSMA-expressing tumors and its favorable toxicity profile warrant its further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Boinapally
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hye-Hyun Ahn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bei Cheng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Brummet
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hwanhee Nam
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sangeeta R Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Kapcan E, Lake B, Yang Z, Rullo AF. Methods to Validate Binding and Kinetics of "Proximity-Inducing" Covalent Immune-Recruiting Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 12:e88. [PMID: 33326159 DOI: 10.1002/cpch.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of covalent inhibitors and chemoproteomic probes in translational chemical biology research requires the development of robust biophysical and analytical methods to characterize their complex interactions with target biomolecules. Importantly, these methods must efficiently assess target selectivity and accurately discern noncovalent binding from the formation of resultant covalent adducts. One recently reported covalent chemical tool used in tumor immune oncology, covalent immune recruiters (CIRs), increases the proximity of immune cells and cancer cells, promoting immune recognition and response. Herein we describe biolayer interferometry (BLI) biosensor, flow cytometry, and solution fluorescence-based assay approaches to characterize CIR:antibody binding and CIR-antibody covalent-labeling kinetics. BLI technology, akin to surface plasmon resonance, provides the unique opportunity to investigate molecular binding and labeling kinetics both on a solid surface (Basic Protocol 1) and in solution (Alternate Protocol 1). Here, recruitment of mass-containing proteins to the BLI probe via CIR is measured with high sensitivity and is used as a readout of CIR labeling activity. Further, CIR technology is used to label antibodies with a fluorescent handle. In this system, labeling is monitored via SDS-PAGE with a fluorescence gel imager, where increased fluorescence intensity of a sample reflects increased labeling (Basic Protocol 2). Analysis of CIR:antibody target-specific immune activation is demonstrated with a flow cytometry-based antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) assay (Basic Protocol 3). This ADCP protocol may be further used to discern CIR:antibody binding from covalent adduct formation (Alternate Protocol 3). For the protocols described, each method may be used to analyze characteristics of any covalent-tagging or antibody-recruiting small molecule or protein-based technology. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Determining "on-probe" reaction kinetics of CIR1/CIR4 via biolayer interferometry with Octet RED96 Alternate Protocol 1: Determining "in-solution" reaction kinetics of prostate-specific membrane antigen targeting CIR (CIR3) via biolayer interferometry with Octet RED96 Basic Protocol 2: Reaction kinetics of covalently labeled antibodies via fluorescence SDS-PAGE Basic Protocol 3: Small molecule-directed antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis on live human cells measured via flow cytometry Alternate Protocol 2: Kinetic analysis of CIR3:antibody labeling via antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis on flow cytometry Support Protocol 1: Activation of U937 monocytes with interferon γ Support Protocol 2: Labeling streptavidin beads with biotinylated prostate-specific membrane antigen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Kapcan
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lake
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zi Yang
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony F Rullo
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Lee BS, Chu SY, Jung WJ, Jeong HJ, Lee K, Kim MH, Kim MH, Chi DY, Ahn H, Lee YJ, Lee KC, Lim SM. 18 F-labeled 1,2,3-triazole-linked Glu-urea-Lys-based PSMA ligands have good pharmacokinetic properties for positron emission tomography imaging of prostate cancer. Prostate 2020; 80:1383-1393. [PMID: 32960990 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as an excellent target for prostate cancer imaging and therapy. Finding compounds with a high target-to-nontarget ratio are an important challenge in the development of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents. In this study, we attempted to find a suitable compound from a simply-synthesized compound library. METHOD 18 F-labeling was achieved in a two-step synthesis consisting of [18 F]fluorination of azido sulfonates followed by copper(I)-catalyzed click ligation. In vitro binding experiment and in vivo studies were carried out using isogenic PSMA+ PC3-PIP and PSMA- PC3-flu cells and 22RV1 cells. [125 I]MIP-1095 was used to measure the binding affinities of compounds through a competitive binding assay, and [18 F]DCFPyL was used for a comparative assessment of compounds. Radiation dosimetry data were obtained using OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS Nine novel PSMA ligands were synthesized by the combination of three azido compounds and three terminal acetylene-containing Glu-urea-Lys compounds. Among them, compound 6f having a pyridine moiety showed a high binding affinity of 6.51 ± 0.19 nM (Ki ). 18 F-labeled compounds were obtained at moderate yields within 70 to 75 minutes (including high-performance liquid chromatography purification). Compound [18 F]6c had the lowest log P of -2.693. MicroPET/computed tomography (CT) images were acquired from 22RV1 cell xenograft mice after injecting [18 F]6c, [18 F]6f, and [18 F]6i. Additional microPET/CT experiments of [18 F]6c and [18 F]6f were performed using PSMA+ PC3-PIP and PSMA- PC3-flu cell-bearing mice. [18 F]6c was selected for further studies because it was found to have high uptake in tumors and rapid renal clearance, resulting in great tumor-to-nontumor ratios and distinct tumor images with very low background activity. Human dosimetry estimation of [18 F]6c using OLINDA/EXM software was calculated, resulting in an effective dose of 4.35 × 10-3 mSv/MBq. CONCLUSIONS [18 F]6c showed significant tumor uptake, a high tumor-to-nontumor ratio, and good radiation dosimetry results, suggesting further development as a potential diagnostic PET agent for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Se Lee
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Chu
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Jung Jung
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Jeong
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyongkyu Lee
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyun Kim
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yoon Chi
- Research Institute of Labeling, FutureChem Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesu Ahn
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Moo Lim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Uvyn A, De Geest BG. Multivalent Antibody-Recruiting Macromolecules: Linking Increased Binding Affinity with Enhanced Innate Immune Killing. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3036-3043. [PMID: 32497371 PMCID: PMC7116353 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-recruiting molecules (ARMs) are a novel class of immunotherapeutics. They are capable of introducing antibodies onto disease-relevant targets such as cancer cells, bacterial cells or viruses. This can induce antibody-mediated immune responses such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADCP), which can kill the pathogen. In contrast to the classic ARMs, multivalent ARMs could offer the advantage of increasing the efficiency of antibody recruitment and subsequent innate immune killing. Such compounds consist of multiple target-binding termini (TBT) and/or antibody-binding termini (ABT). Those multivalent interactions are able to convert low binding affinities into increased binding avidities. This minireview summarizes the current status of multivalent ARMs and gives insight into possible benefits, hurdles still to be overcome and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemiek Uvyn
- A. Uvyn, Prof. Dr. B. G. De Geest, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno G. De Geest
- A. Uvyn, Prof. Dr. B. G. De Geest, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, Belgium
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42
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Kwon H, Lim H, Ha H, Choi D, Son SH, Nam H, Minn I, Byun Y. Structure-activity relationship studies of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors derived from α-amino acid with (S)- or (R)-configuration at P1′ region. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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43
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Cardinale J, Roscher M, Schäfer M, Geerlings M, Benešová M, Bauder-Wüst U, Remde Y, Eder M, Nováková Z, Motlová L, Barinka C, Giesel FL, Kopka K. Development of PSMA-1007-Related Series of 18F-Labeled Glu-Ureido-Type PSMA Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10897-10907. [PMID: 32852205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a number of drugs targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have become important tools in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. In the present work, we report on the synthesis and preclinical evaluation of a series of 18F-labeled PSMA ligands for diagnostic application based on the theragnostic ligand PSMA-617. By applying modifications to the linker structure, insight into the structure-activity relationship could be gained, highlighting the importance of hydrophilicity and stereoselectivity on interaction with PSMA and hence the biodistribution. Selected compounds were co-crystallized with the PSMA protein and analyzed by X-rays with mixed results. Among these, PSMA-1007 (compound 5) showed the best interaction with the PSMA protein. The respective radiotracer [18F]PSMA-1007 was translated into the clinic and is, in the meantime, subject of advanced clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Cardinale
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Roscher
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schäfer
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Max Geerlings
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Benešová
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bauder-Wüst
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Remde
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, INF 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zora Nováková
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Motlová
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Frederik L Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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44
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Böhmer VI, Szymanski W, van den Berg K, Mulder C, Kobauri P, Helbert H, van der Born D, Reeβing F, Huizing A, Klopstra M, Samplonius DF, Antunes IF, Sijbesma JWA, Luurtsema G, Helfrich W, Visser TJ, Feringa BL, Elsinga PH. Modular Medical Imaging Agents Based on Azide-Alkyne Huisgen Cycloadditions: Synthesis and Pre-Clinical Evaluation of 18 F-Labeled PSMA-Tracers for Prostate Cancer Imaging. Chemistry 2020; 26:10871-10881. [PMID: 32315486 PMCID: PMC7496508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the seminal contribution of Rolf Huisgen to develop the [3+2] cycloaddition of 1,3-dipolar compounds, its azide-alkyne variant has established itself as the key step in numerous organic syntheses and bioorthogonal processes in materials science and chemical biology. In the present study, the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition was applied for the development of a modular molecular platform for medical imaging of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), using positron emission tomography. This process is shown from molecular design, through synthesis automation and in vitro studies, all the way to pre-clinical in vivo evaluation of fluorine-18- labeled PSMA-targeting 'F-PSMA-MIC' radiotracers (t1/2 =109.7 min). Pre-clinical data indicate that the modular PSMA-scaffold has similar binding affinity and imaging properties to the clinically used [68 Ga]PSMA-11. Furthermore, we demonstrated that targeting the arene-binding in PSMA, facilitated through the [3+2]cycloaddition, can improve binding affinity, which was rationalized by molecular modeling. The here presented PSMA-binding scaffold potentially facilitates easy coupling to other medical imaging moieties, enabling future developments of new modular imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena I. Böhmer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Keimpe‐Oeds van den Berg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Chantal Mulder
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Piermichele Kobauri
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hugo Helbert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Friederike Reeβing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Anja Huizing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Douwe F. Samplonius
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ines F. Antunes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W. A. Sijbesma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gert Luurtsema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wijnand Helfrich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AFGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Philip H. Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingDepartment of RadiologyDepartment of Surgical OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
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45
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Couñago F, Martínez-Ballesteros C, Artigas C, Díaz-Gavela AA, Gómez LLG, Lillo-García ME, Chicharo JR, Recio M, Maldonado A, Thuissard IJ, Andreu-Vázquez C, Sanz-Rosa D, Conde-Moreno AJ, Marcos FJ, García SS, Martínez-Salamanca JI, Carballido-Rodríguez J, Hornedo J, Cerro ED. Impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in the treatment of prostate cancer: Initial experience in Spain. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:405-411. [PMID: 32368192 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate whether positron-emission tomography/computed tomography with 68Ga-PSMA (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) influences the therapeutic management of patients with primary or recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). Background Although 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is one of the best options for staging or restaging patients with PCa, its availability is still very limited in Spain. The present study reports the results of the first group of patients in Spain who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging. Materials and methods All patients (n = 27) with a histological diagnosis of PCa who underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT prior to the definitive treatment decision at the only centre with this technology in Spain during 2017-2018 were included. Two nuclear medicine physicians and a radiologist reviewed the imaging studies. The clinical impact was assessed from a theoretical perspective, based on the treatment that would have been applied if no data from the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT were available. Results Most patients (n = 26; 96%) had persistent disease or biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, or combined treatment. One patient underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging to stage high-risk PCa. Overall, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was positive in 19 patients (70.4%). In 68.75% of these patients, none of the other imaging tests-MRI, CT, or bone scans-performed prior to the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT were able to detect the presence of cancerous lesions. Overall, the findings of the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT led to a modification of the therapeutic approach in 62.96% of the patients in the study. Conclusions 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT alters the therapeutic approach in a substantial proportion of patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Biomedicine,Universidad Europea, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Artigas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jules Bordet Institute, 1000, Bruselas, Belgium
| | - Ana Aurora Díaz-Gavela
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Biomedicine,Universidad Europea, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | - Luis Leonardo Guerrero Gómez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Lillo-García
- Unidad de Imagen Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Medico-Sanitarias (CIMES), Fundación General de la Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - José Reinaldo Chicharo
- Unidad de Imagen Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Medico-Sanitarias (CIMES), Fundación General de la Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Manuel Recio
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Maldonado
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Andreu-Vázquez
- Department of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Nutrition. Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rosa
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Biomedicine,Universidad Europea, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | - Antonio José Conde-Moreno
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, 46026, Spain
| | - Francisco José Marcos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Biomedicine,Universidad Europea, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | - Sofía Sánchez García
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier Hornedo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elia Del Cerro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Biomedicine,Universidad Europea, Madrid, 28670, Spain
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Lake B, Serniuck N, Kapcan E, Wang A, Rullo AF. Covalent Immune Recruiters: Tools to Gain Chemical Control Over Immune Recognition. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:1089-1095. [PMID: 32100991 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented progress made in the treatment of cancer using the body's own immune system has encouraged the development of synthetic molecule based immunotherapeutics. An emerging class of these compounds, called Antibody Recruiting Molecules (ARMs) or Antibody Engagers (AEs), functions by reversibly binding antibodies naturally present in human serum and recruiting these to cancer cells. The recruited antibodies then engage immune cells to form quaternary complexes that drive cancer erradication. Despite their promise, the requirement to form quaternary complexes governed by multiple equilibria complicates an understanding of their in vivo efficacy. Particularly problematic are low endogenous serum antibody concentrations and rapid clearance of AEs from circulation. Here we describe a new class of trifunctional chemical tools we call covalent immune recruiters (CIRs). CIRs covalently label specific serum antibodies in a selective manner with a target protein binding ligand. CIRs thereby exert well-defined control over antibody recruitment and simplify quaternary complex equilibium, enabling probing of the resultant effects on immune recognition. We demonstrate CIRs can selectively covalently label anti-DNP IgG, a natural human antibody, directly in human serum to drive efficient immune cell recognition of targets. We expect CIRs will be useful tools to probe how quaternary complex stability impacts the immune recognition of cancer in vivo, revealing new design principles to guide the development of future AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lake
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nickolas Serniuck
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Eden Kapcan
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alex Wang
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Anthony F. Rullo
- McMaster Immunology Research Center (MIRC), Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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47
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Greifenstein L, Engelbogen N, Lahnif H, Sinnes JP, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Rösch F. Synthesis, Labeling and Preclinical Evaluation of a Squaric Acid Containing PSMA Inhibitor Labeled with 68 Ga: A Comparison with PSMA-11 and PSMA-617. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:695-704. [PMID: 32057189 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The L-lysine urea-L-glutamate (KuE) represents a key motif in recent diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals targeting the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Using a squaric acid moiety for coupling of KuE with a radioactive label, the squaric acid as a linker in the PSMA ligand seems to mimic the aromatic structure of the naphthylalanine unit on PSMA-617. In this work, we investigate the influence of squaric acid moiety on the biological activity of the compound carrying a KuE motif and three typical chelates. The derivatives TRAM.SA.KuE, DOTAGA.SA.KuE and NODAGA.SA.KuE were all synthesized in straightforward organic reactions and purified by HPLC afterward. Different amounts of tracer were labeled at different temperatures with 68 Ga. PET examinations were performed on NMRInu/nu nude mice with an LNCaP tumor on the right hind leg including ex vivo investigations of the organs. For comparison, 68 Ga-derivatives of PSMA-11 and PSMA-617, the derivatives most commonly used in clinics, were investigated in the same animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Greifenstein
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nils Engelbogen
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hanane Lahnif
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Sinnes
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Rösch
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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48
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Kim K, Kwon H, Barinka C, Motlova L, Nam S, Choi D, Ha H, Nam H, Son SH, Minn I, Pomper MG, Yang X, Kutil Z, Byun Y. Novel β- and γ-Amino Acid-Derived Inhibitors of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. J Med Chem 2020; 63:3261-3273. [PMID: 32097010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an excellent biomarker for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer progression and metastasis. The most promising PSMA-targeted agents in the clinical phase are based on the Lys-urea-Glu motif, in which Lys and Glu are α-(l)-amino acids. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of β- and γ-amino acids in the S1 pocket on the binding affinity for PSMA. We synthesized and evaluated the β- and γ-amino acid analogues with (S)- or (R)-configuration with keeping α-(l)-Glu as the S1'-binding pharmacophore. The structure-activity relationship studies identified that compound 13c, a β-amino acid analogue with (R)-configuration, exhibited the most potent PSMA inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.97 nM. The X-ray crystal structure of PSMA in complex with 13c provided a mechanistic basis for the stereochemical preference of PSMA, which can guide the development of future PSMA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyul Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongmok Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Motlova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - SangJin Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwanhee Nam
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205 Maryland, United States
| | - Sang-Hyun Son
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205 Maryland, United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21205 Maryland, United States
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034 China
| | - Zsofia Kutil
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Rangger C, Haubner R. Radiolabelled Peptides for Positron Emission Tomography and Endoradiotherapy in Oncology. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E22. [PMID: 32019275 PMCID: PMC7169460 DOI: 10.3390/ph13020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review deals with the development of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for the use with positron emission tomography and peptide receptor radiotherapy. It discusses the pros and cons of this class of radiopharmaceuticals as well as the different labelling strategies, and summarises approaches to optimise metabolic stability. Additionally, it presents different target structures and addresses corresponding tracers, which are already used in clinical routine or are being investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roland Haubner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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50
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Tyrosine-based asymmetric urea ligand for prostate carcinoma: Tuning biological efficacy through in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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