1
|
Ibrahim AA, O'Reilly SCJ, Bottarel M, Kerrigan NJ. Asymmetric synthesis of enantioenriched α-allyl esters through Pd(BINAPHANE)-catalysed allylation of disubstituted ketenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3283-3286. [PMID: 38421221 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Pd2dba3·CHCl3 (2.5 mol%)-BINAPHANE (5 mol%) was used to promote the first catalytic enantioselective allylation of disubstituted ketenes to give α-allyl esters. The ester products were formed in good to excellent yields (61-93% yield for 13 examples, 16 examples in all), with moderate to good enantioselectivity (68-80% ee for 7 examples).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Stephen C J O'Reilly
- School of Chemical Sciences and Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Margot Bottarel
- School of Chemical Sciences and Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Nessan J Kerrigan
- School of Chemical Sciences and Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Piringer M, Stockhammer L, Vogl L, Weinzierl D, Zebrowski P, Waser M. Enantioselective α-heterofunctionalization reactions of catalytically generated C1-Lewis base enolates. TETRAHEDRON CHEM 2024; 9:100063. [PMID: 38846753 PMCID: PMC7616070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tchem.2024.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Chiral Lewis base (LB) organocatalysis has emerged as a powerful covalent catalysis concept which allows for highly selective asymmetric C-C and C-heteroatom bond formations. Considering significant recent progress in the development of strategies to access α-heterofunctionalized carboxylic acid derivatives under chiral LB catalysis, we wish to summarize the most significant concepts and advances in this field within this mini review now.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paola EL, Borum A, Podunavac M, Zakarian A. Stereoselective Synthesis of α-Fluoro Carboxylic Acids by Ireland-Claisen Rearrangement. Org Lett 2023; 25:6167-6171. [PMID: 37590527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective synthesis of α-fluoro carboxylic acids by the Ireland-Claisen rearrangement can provide a straightforward approach to this class of compounds. We report a systematic investigation of base-dependent stereocontrol in the Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of α-fluoro esters. For substrates with various substitution patterns, the use of KN(SiMe3)2 in toluene afforded rearrangement products corresponding to the (Z)-enolate intermediate with a practically useful diastereoselectivity and yield. In contrast, lower yields and diastereoselectivity were consistently observed with the use of lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) in tetrahydrofuran (THF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena L Paola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alana Borum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Maša Podunavac
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weinzierl D, Piringer M, Zebrowski P, Stockhammer L, Waser M. Photochemical Wolff Rearrangement Initiated Generation and Subsequent α-Chlorination of C1 Ammonium Enolates. Org Lett 2023; 25:3126-3130. [PMID: 37098273 PMCID: PMC10167681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of α-chlorinated carboxylic acid esters with er up to 99:1 and yields up to 82% was achieved via a one-pot multistep protocol starting from α-diazoketones. This process proceeds via a photochemical Wolff rearrangement, trapping of the generated ketene with a chiral Lewis base catalyst, subsequent enantioselective α-chlorination, and a final nucleophilic displacement of the bound catalyst. The obtained products were successfully utilized for stereospecific nucleophilic displacement reactions with N- and S-nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Weinzierl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Magdalena Piringer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Paul Zebrowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Lotte Stockhammer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University
Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zou S, Luo X, Chen C, Xi C. Photoredox-catalyzed fluorodifluoroacetylation of alkenes with FSO 2CF 2CO 2Me and Et 3N·3HF. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3726-3730. [PMID: 35466989 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00488g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoredox-catalyzed three-component fluorodifluoroacetylation of aromatic alkenes is reported, which features a wide substrate scope and functional group tolerance. An advantage of the reaction is the use of a nucleophilic fluoride source and a general difluoroacetylation reagent for the fluorodifluoroacetylation of alkenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xuewei Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang K, Sheng X, Deiana L, Svensson Grape E, Inge K, Himo F, Cordova A. Solvent Dependency in Stereoselective δ‐Lactam Formation of Chiral α‐Fluoromalonate Derivatives: Stereodivergent Synthesis of Heterocycles with Fluorine Containing Quaternary Stereocenters Adjacent to Tertiary Stereocenters. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiheng Zhang
- Mittuniversitetet Fakulteten for naturvetenskap teknik och medier SWEDEN
| | - Xiang Sheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences CHINA
| | - Luca Deiana
- Stockholms Universitet Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten SWEDEN
| | | | - Ken Inge
- Stockholm University Faculty of Natural Sciences SWEDEN
| | | | - Armando Cordova
- Mittuniversitetet Fakulteten for naturvetenskap teknik och medier SWEDEN
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grell Y, Xie X, Ivlev SI, Meggers E. Enantioselective α-Fluorination and α-Chlorination of N-Acyl Pyrazoles Catalyzed by a Non- C2-Symmetric Chiral-at-Rhodium Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Grell
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sergei I. Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stockhammer L, Weinzierl D, Bögl T, Waser M. Enantioselective α-Chlorination Reactions of in Situ Generated C1 Ammonium Enolates under Base-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:6143-6147. [PMID: 34319102 PMCID: PMC8353620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The asymmetric α-chlorination
of activated aryl acetic acid
esters can be carried out with high levels of enantioselectivities
utilizing commercially available isothiourea catalysts under base-free
conditions. The reaction, which proceeds via the in situ formation
of chiral C1 ammonium enolates, is best carried out under cryogenic
conditions combined with a direct trapping of the activated α-chlorinated
ester derivative to prevent epimerization, thus allowing for enantioselectivities
of up to e.r. 99:1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Stockhammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - David Weinzierl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bögl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuan S, Liao C, Zheng WH. [2.2]Paracyclophane-Based Isothiourea-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective α-Fluorination of Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2021; 23:4142-4146. [PMID: 33988375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based isothiourea catalysts have been prepared over a few simple steps in high yields. In the presence of these catalysts, highly efficient catalytic enantioselective fluorination of carboxylic acids has been accomplished, providing a broad range of optically active α-fluoroesters in high yield and excellent enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiru Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Hua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Knox GJ, Hutchings-Goetz LS, Pearson CM, Snaddon TN. Tertiary Amine Lewis Base Catalysis in Combination with Transition Metal Catalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:16. [PMID: 31942682 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-0279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The cooperation between two orthogonal catalytic events during the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds has emerged as an effective strategy for enantioselective chemical synthesis. In recent years, a number of pioneering investigations have described useful chemical synthesis methods whereby the reactivity or nucleophile-electrophile combinations can be fine-tuned or extended far beyond the effect and influence of a single catalyst. The recognition of this has had profound implications for the development cooperative catalysis as a field and has provided a foundation for the development of broadly useful chemical synthesis methods. This chapter focuses on the combination of tertiary amine Lewis base and transition metal catalysts, which the authors hope will simulate further developments and advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Knox
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Luke S Hutchings-Goetz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Colin M Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sancheti SP, Urvashi, Shah MP, Patil NT. Ternary Catalysis: A Stepping Stone toward Multicatalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank P. Sancheti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 066, India
| | - Urvashi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 066, India
| | - Mosami P. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 066, India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 066, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mahmudov KT, Gurbanov AV, Guseinov FI, Guedes da Silva MFC. Noncovalent interactions in metal complex catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
13
|
Pluta R, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of α‐Alkoxyamides to α‐Fluorinated Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2459-2463. [PMID: 30652398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pluta
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pluta R, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of α‐Alkoxyamides to α‐Fluorinated Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pluta
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang W, Yao Y, Xu YJ, Lu CD. Diastereoselective α-Fluorination of N- tert-Butanesulfinyl Imidates. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14777-14785. [PMID: 30407820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A diastereoselective α-fluorination of N- tert-butanesulfinyl imidates was developed. Deprotonation of N- tert-butanesulfinyl imidates with lithium hexamethyldisilazide generates aza-enolates that can be intercepted, with excellent diastereocontrol, by the inexpensive electrophilic fluorinating agent NFSI. This protocol was applied to the preparation of synthetically useful trans-2-fluoro-cyclohexamine with high enantiomeric purity (99.5% ee).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zones, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi 830011 , China
| | - Yun Yao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Yan-Jun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zones, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi 830011 , China
| | - Chong-Dao Lu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zones, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi 830011 , China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ponra S, Rabten W, Yang J, Wu H, Kerdphon S, Andersson PG. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Fluorine Motifs with Two Contiguous Stereogenic Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13878-13883. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Ponra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wangchuk Rabten
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haibo Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sutthichat Kerdphon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pher G. Andersson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bume DD, Harry SA, Lectka T, Pitts CR. Catalyzed and Promoted Aliphatic Fluorination. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8803-8814. [PMID: 29894188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last six years, the direct functionalization of aliphatic C-H (and C-C) bonds through user-friendly, radical-based fluorination reactions has emerged as an exciting research area in fluorine chemistry. Considering the historical narratives about the challenges of developing practical radical fluorination in organic frameworks, notable advancements in controlling both reactivity and selectivity have been achieved during this time. As one of the participants in the field, herein, we a provide brief account of research efforts in our laboratory from the initial discovery of radical monofluorination on unactivated C-H bonds in 2012 to more useful strategies to install fluorine on biologically relevant molecules through directed fluorination methods. In addition, accompanying mechanistic studies that have helped guide reaction design are highlighted in context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schwarz KJ, Pearson CM, Cintron-Rosado GA, Liu P, Snaddon TN. Traversing Steric Limitations by Cooperative Lewis Base/Palladium Catalysis: An Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Branched Esters Using 2-Substituted Allyl Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7800-7803. [PMID: 29701289 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative catalysis enables the direct enantioselective α-allylation of linear prochiral esters with 2-substituted allyl electrophiles. Critical to the successful development of the method was the recognition that metal-centered reactivity and the source of enantiocontrol are independent. This feature is unique to simultaneous catalysis events and permits logical tuning of the supporting ligands without compromising enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Colin M Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | | | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schwarz KJ, Pearson CM, Cintron‐Rosado GA, Liu P, Snaddon TN. Traversing Steric Limitations by Cooperative Lewis Base/Palladium Catalysis: An Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Branched Esters Using 2‐Substituted Allyl Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Colin M. Pearson
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | | | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Thomas N. Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mixdorf JC, Sorlin AM, Zhang Q, Nguyen HM. Asymmetric Synthesis of Allylic Fluorides via Fluorination of Racemic Allylic Trichloroacetimidates Catalyzed by a Chiral Diene-Iridium Complex. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Mixdorf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United Sates
| | - Alexandre M. Sorlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United Sates
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United Sates
| | - Hien M. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United Sates
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li MM, Wei Y, Liu J, Chen HW, Lu LQ, Xiao WJ. Sequential Visible-Light Photoactivation and Palladium Catalysis Enabling Enantioselective [4+2] Cycloadditions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14707-14713. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Li
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wei
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Chen
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective
Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bume DD, Pitts CR, Ghorbani F, Harry SA, Capilato JN, Siegler MA, Lectka T. Ketones as directing groups in photocatalytic sp 3 C-H fluorination. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6918-6923. [PMID: 29147517 PMCID: PMC5637129 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02703f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous ketone carbonyl group generally deactivates substrates toward radical-based fluorinations, especially sites closest to it. Herein, ketones are used instead to direct aliphatic fluorination using Selectfluor, catalytic benzil, and visible light. Selective β- and γ-fluorination are demonstrated on rigid mono-, di-, tri-, and tetracyclic (steroidal) substrates employing both cyclic and exocyclic aliphatic ketones as directing groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desta Doro Bume
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Joseph N Capilato
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cuadros S, Dell'Amico L, Melchiorre P. Forging Fluorine-Containing Quaternary Stereocenters by a Light-Driven Organocatalytic Aldol Desymmetrization Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11875-11879. [PMID: 28746742 PMCID: PMC5638065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is a light-triggered organocatalytic strategy for the desymmetrization of achiral 2-fluoro-substituted cyclopentane-1,3-diketones. The chemistry is based on an intermolecular aldol reaction of photochemically generated hydroxy-o-quinodimethanes and simultaneously forges two adjacent fully substituted carbon stereocenters, with one bearing a stereogenic carbon-fluorine unit. The method uses readily available substrates, a simple chiral organocatalyst, and mild reaction conditions to afford an array of highly functionalized chiral 2-fluoro-3-hydroxycyclopentanones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuadros
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA—Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced StudiesPasseig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
- ICIQ—Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAvenida Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cuadros S, Dell'Amico L, Melchiorre P. Forging Fluorine-Containing Quaternary Stereocenters by a Light-Driven Organocatalytic Aldol Desymmetrization Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuadros
- ICIQ -Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- ICIQ -Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICREA- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
- ICIQ -Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avenida Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xue XS, Wang Y, Li M, Cheng JP. Comprehensive Energetic Scale for Quantitatively Estimating the Fluorinating Potential of N–F Reagents in Electrophilic Fluorinations. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4280-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schwarz KJ, Amos JL, Klein JC, Do DT, Snaddon TN. Uniting C1-Ammonium Enolates and Transition Metal Electrophiles via Cooperative Catalysis: The Direct Asymmetric α-Allylation of Aryl Acetic Acid Esters. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5214-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Jessica L. Amos
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - J. Cullen Klein
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Dung T. Do
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Thomas N. Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang W, Zhao L, Lv H, Zhang G, Xia C, Hahn FE, Li F. Modular “Click” Preparation of Bifunctional Polymeric Heterometallic Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7665-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 (P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang W, Zhao L, Lv H, Zhang G, Xia C, Hahn FE, Li F. Modulare Klick-Synthese von bifunktionalen, polymeren Heterodimetallkatalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Hui Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vaithialingam D, Kumaraguru D, Ayyanar S. The catalyst free synthesis of α-fluorinated aroylacyl imides. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient catalyst free one pot method to synthesize α-fluorinated aroylacyl imides with very good yields utilizing inexpensive reagents such as NaF and DMSO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Siva Ayyanar
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai-21
- India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Enantioselective fluorination of β-ketoesters catalysed by complexes of new mono-oxazoline ligands. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
31
|
Champagne PA, Desroches J, Hamel JD, Vandamme M, Paquin JF. Monofluorination of Organic Compounds: 10 Years of Innovation. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9073-174. [PMID: 25854146 DOI: 10.1021/cr500706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Justine Desroches
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-Denys Hamel
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Mathilde Vandamme
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yang X, Wu T, Phipps R, Toste FD. Advances in catalytic enantioselective fluorination, mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylation, and trifluoromethylthiolation reactions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:826-70. [PMID: 25337896 PMCID: PMC4311656 DOI: 10.1021/cr500277b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1071] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dong X, Yang W, Hu W, Sun J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Enantioselective α-Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes and α-Chloro Aldehydes: Synthesis of α-Fluoro Esters, Amides, and Thioesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:660-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
34
|
Dong X, Yang W, Hu W, Sun J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Enantioselective α-Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes and α-Chloro Aldehydes: Synthesis of α-Fluoro Esters, Amides, and Thioesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
35
|
Li F, Wu Z, Wang J. Oxidative Enantioselective α-Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes Enabled by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
36
|
Li F, Wu Z, Wang J. Oxidative Enantioselective α-Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes Enabled by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:656-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
37
|
Griswold A, Bloom S, Lectka T. A chelating nucleophile plays a starring role: 1,8-naphthyridine-catalyzed polycomponent α,α-difluorination of acid chlorides. J Org Chem 2014; 79:9830-4. [PMID: 25222052 DOI: 10.1021/jo501534k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A dually activated ketene enolate, generated from an acid chloride, the unusual chelating nucleophile (1,8-naphthyridine), and a Lewis acid, reacts to afford a host of α,α-difluorinated products in the presence of a benchtop-stable fluorinating agent (Selectfluor). The use of this method to synthesize otherwise difficult to make products is highlighted along with computational and spectroscopic support for the proposed chelate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Griswold
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alvarado J, Herrmann AT, Zakarian A. Stereoselective α-Fluorination of N-Acyloxazolidinones at Room Temperature within 1 h. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6206-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500957d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Alvarado
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Aaron T. Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee SY, Neufeind S, Fu GC. Enantioselective nucleophile-catalyzed synthesis of tertiary alkyl fluorides via the α-fluorination of ketenes: synthetic and mechanistic studies. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8899-902. [PMID: 24922581 PMCID: PMC4091276 DOI: 10.1021/ja5044209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
catalytic asymmetric synthesis of alkyl fluorides, particularly
α-fluorocarbonyl compounds, has been the focus of substantial
effort in recent years. While significant progress has been described
in the formation of enantioenriched secondary alkyl fluorides, advances
in the generation of tertiary alkyl fluorides have been more limited.
Here, we describe a method for the catalytic asymmetric coupling of
aryl alkyl ketenes with commercially available N-fluorodibenzenesulfonimide
(NFSI) and C6F5ONa to furnish tertiary α-fluoroesters.
Mechanistic studies are consistent with the hypothesis that the addition
of an external nucleophile (C6F5ONa) is critical
for turnover, releasing the catalyst (PPY*) from an N-acylated
intermediate. The available data can be explained by a reaction pathway
wherein the enantioselectivity is determined in the turnover-limiting
transfer of fluorine from NFSI to a chiral enolate derived from the
addition of PPY* to the ketene. The structure and the
reactivity of the product of this proposed elementary step, an α-fluoro-N-acylpyridinium salt, have been examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Yunmi Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang D, Wang L, Han F, Zhao D, Wang R. Design of a Combinational Magnesium Catalyst for the Stereocontrolled Cross Reaction of Enones. Chemistry 2014; 20:8584-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
41
|
Yang X, Phipps R, Toste FD. Asymmetric fluorination of α-branched cyclohexanones enabled by a combination of chiral anion phase-transfer catalysis and enamine catalysis using protected amino acids. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5225-8. [PMID: 24684209 PMCID: PMC4119784 DOI: 10.1021/ja500882x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a study involving the successful merger of two separate chiral catalytic cycles: a chiral anion phase-transfer catalysis cycle to activate Selectfluor and an enamine activation cycle, using a protected amino acid as organocatalyst. We have demonstrated the viability of this approach with the direct asymmetric fluorination of α-substituted cyclohexanones to generate quaternary fluorine-containing stereocenters. With these two chiral catalytic cycles operating together in a matched sense, high enantioselectivites can be achieved, and we envisage that this dual catalysis method has the potential to be more broadly applicable, given the breadth of enamine catalysis. It also represents a rare example of chiral enamine catalysis operating successfully on α-branched ketones, substrates commonly inert to this activation mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Allen AD, Andraos J, Tidwell TT, Vukovic S. Ketene reactions with tertiary amines. J Org Chem 2014; 79:679-85. [PMID: 24359525 DOI: 10.1021/jo402438w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary amines react rapidly and reversibly with arylketenes in acetonitrile forming observable zwitterions, and these undergo amine catalyzed dealkylation forming N,N-disubstituted amides. Reactions of N-methyldialkylamines show a strong preference for methyl group loss by displacement, as predicted by computational studies. Loss of ethyl groups in reactions with triethylamine also occur by displacement, but preferential loss of isopropyl groups in the phenylketene reaction with diisopropylethylamine evidently involves elimination. Quinuclidine rapidly forms long-lived zwitterions with arylketenes, providing a model for catalysis by cinchona and related alkaloids in stereoselective additions to ketenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette D Allen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Albéniz AC, Casares JA. Palladium-Mediated Organofluorine Chemistry. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800976-5.00001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
44
|
Zhang Q, Nguyen HM. Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective opening of vinyl epoxides with Et3N·3HF reagent – formation of allylic fluorohydrins. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51949j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
45
|
|
46
|
Palladium and organocatalysis: an excellent recipe for asymmetric synthesis. Molecules 2013; 18:10108-21. [PMID: 23973988 PMCID: PMC6270479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dual activation of simple substrates by the combination of organocatalysis and palladium catalysis has been successfully applied in a variety of different asymmetric transformations. Thus, the asymmetric α-allylation of carbonyl compounds, α-fluorination of acyl derivatives, decarboxylative protonation of β-dicarbonyl compounds, cyclization reactions of alkynyl carbonyl compounds and β-functionalization of aldehydes have been efficiently achieved employing this double-catalytic methodology.
Collapse
|
47
|
Liang T, Neumann CN, Ritter T. Introduction of fluorine and fluorine-containing functional groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8214-64. [PMID: 23873766 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1955] [Impact Index Per Article: 177.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the most significant, conceptual advances in the field of fluorination were enabled most prominently by organo- and transition-metal catalysis. The most challenging transformation remains the formation of the parent C-F bond, primarily as a consequence of the high hydration energy of fluoride, strong metal-fluorine bonds, and highly polarized bonds to fluorine. Most fluorination reactions still lack generality, predictability, and cost-efficiency. Despite all current limitations, modern fluorination methods have made fluorinated molecules more readily available than ever before and have begun to have an impact on research areas that do not require large amounts of material, such as drug discovery and positron emission tomography. This Review gives a brief summary of conventional fluorination reactions, including those reactions that introduce fluorinated functional groups, and focuses on modern developments in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Yang D, Wang L, Zhao D, Han F, Zhang B, Wang R. Development of Metal/Organo Catalytic Systems for Direct Vinylogous Michael Reactions to Build Chiral γ,γ-Disubstituted Butenolides. Chemistry 2013; 19:4691-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
50
|
Wheeler P, Vora HU, Rovis T. Asymmetric NHC-catalyzed synthesis of α-fluoroamides from readily accessible α-fluoroenals. Chem Sci 2013; 4:1674-1679. [PMID: 25346841 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc00089c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of the NHC-redox amidation has been expanded to include a variety of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, including α-fluoro α,β-unsaturated aldehydes which give rise to enantioenriched α-fluoroamides in good to excellent yield and enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). Enantioenriched amines may be elaborated to either diastereomer of the product in high diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1). Functionalization of the amide products to amines and fluorohydrins is also demonstrated with retention of enantioenrichment at the fluorine stereocenter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U. S. A. 80523 Tel: (970) 491-
| | - Harit U Vora
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U. S. A. 80523 Tel: (970) 491-
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U. S. A. 80523 Tel: (970) 491-
| |
Collapse
|