1
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Xu Z, Chua L, Singhal A, Krishnan P, Lessard JJ, Suslick BA, Chen V, Sottos NR, Gomez-Bombarelli R, Moore JS. Reactive Processing of Furan-Based Monomers via Frontal Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization for High Performance Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405736. [PMID: 39036822 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Frontal ring-opening metathesis polymerization (FROMP) presents an energy-efficient approach to produce high-performance polymers, typically utilizing norbornene derivatives from Diels-Alder reactions. This study broadens the monomer repertoire for FROMP, incorporating the cycloaddition product of biosourced furan compounds and benzyne, namely 1,4-dihydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalene (HEN) derivatives. A computational screening of Diels-Alder products is conducted, selecting products with resistance to retro-Diels-Alder but also sufficient ring strain to facilitate FROMP. The experiments reveal that varying substituents both modulate the FROMP kinetics and enable the creation of thermoplastic materials characterized by different thermomechanical properties. Moreover, HEN-based crosslinkers are designed to enhance the resulting thermomechanical properties at high temperatures (>200 °C). The versatility of such materials is demonstrated through direct ink writing (DIW) to rapidly produce 3D structures without the need for printed supports. This research significantly extends the range of monomers suitable for FROMP, furthering efficient production of high-performance polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuang Xu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Lauren Chua
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Avni Singhal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Pranav Krishnan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jacob J Lessard
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Valerie Chen
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Nancy R Sottos
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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2
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Wang ZL, Zhu R. Regioselective Condensation Polymerization of Propargylic Electrophiles Enabled by Catalytic Element-Cupration. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19377-19385. [PMID: 38951483 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report a set of new polymerization reactions enabled by the 1,2-regioselective hydro- and silylcupration of enyne-type propargylic electrophiles. Highly regioregular head-to-tail poly(2-butyne-1,4-diyl)s (HT-PBD), bearing either methyl or silylmethyl side chains, are synthesized for the first time. A rapid entry into carbon-rich copolymers with adjustable silicon content is developed via in situ monomer bifurcation. Furthermore, a one-pot polymerization/semireduction sequence is developed to access a cis-poly(butadiene)-derived backbone by a ligand swap on copper hydride species. Interestingly, borocupration, typically exhibiting identical regioselectivity with its hydro- and silyl analogues, seems to proceed in a 3,4-selective manner. Computational studies suggest the possible role of the propargylic leaving group in this selectivity switch. This work presents a new class of regioregular sp-carbon-rich polymers and meanwhile a novel approach to organosilicon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Lin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Sathe D, Yoon S, Wang Z, Chen H, Wang J. Deconstruction of Polymers through Olefin Metathesis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7007-7044. [PMID: 38787934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The consumption of synthetic polymers has ballooned; so has the amount of post-consumer waste generated. The current polymer economy, however, is largely linear with most of the post-consumer waste being either landfilled or incinerated. The lack of recycling, together with the sizable carbon footprint of the polymer industry, has led to major negative environmental impacts. Over the past few years, chemical recycling technologies have gained significant traction as a possible technological route to tackle these challenges. In this regard, olefin metathesis, with its versatility and ease of operation, has emerged as an attractive tool. Here, we discuss the developments in olefin-metathesis-based chemical recycling technologies, including the development of new materials and the application of olefin metathesis to the recycling of commercial materials. We delve into structure-reactivity relationships in the context of polymerization-depolymerization behavior, how experimental conditions influence deconstruction outcomes, and the reaction pathways underlying these approaches. We also look at the current hurdles in adopting these technologies and relevant future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devavrat Sathe
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Seiyoung Yoon
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Hanlin Chen
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Junpeng Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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4
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Dingwell CE, Hillmyer MA. Regio- and Stereoregular EVOH Copolymers from ROMP as Designer Barrier Materials. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:208-213. [PMID: 38882031 PMCID: PMC11177297 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.4c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to decrease the water permeability (P H2O) while simultaneously maintaining low oxygen permeability (P O2) in ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)-based copolymers by introducing high levels of backbone regioregularity and stereoregularity. Both regioregular atactic and isotactic EVOH samples with 75 mol % ethylene were prepared by a ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)-hydrogenation-deprotection approach and then compared to commercial EVOH(44) (containing 44 mol % ethylene) as a low P O2 standard with poor water barrier characteristics (i.e., high P H2O). The high levels of regioregularity and stereoregularity in these copolymers increased the melting temperature (T m), degree of crystallinity (χc), and glass-transition temperature (T g) compared to less regular structures. EVOH(44) demonstrated the highest T m but lower χc and T g values as compared to that of the isotactic polymer. Wide-angle X-ray scattering showed that semicrystalline EVOH(44) exhibited a monoclinic structure characteristic of commercial materials, while ROMP-derived polymers displayed an intermediate structure between monoclinic and orthorhombic. Tensile testing showed that isotacticity resulted in brittle mechanical behavior, while the atactic and commercial EVOH(44) samples had higher tensile toughness values. Although EVOH(44) had the lowest P O2 of the samples explored, the atactic and tough ROMP-derived polymer approached this value of P O2 while having a P H2O over 3 times lower than that of commercial EVOH(44).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Dingwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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5
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Lessard JJ, Mejia EB, Kim AJ, Zhang Z, Berkey MG, Medina-Barreto ZS, Ewoldt RH, Sottos NR, Moore JS. Unraveling Reactivity Differences: Room-Temperature Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) versus Frontal ROMP. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7216-7221. [PMID: 38441481 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we explore the distinct reactivity patterns between frontal ring-opening metathesis polymerization (FROMP) and room-temperature solventless ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Despite their shared mechanism, we find that FROMP is less sensitive to inhibitor concentration than room-temperature ROMP. By increasing the initiator-to-monomer ratio for a fixed inhibitor/initiator quantity, we find reduction in the ROMP background reactivity at room temperature (i.e., increased resin pot life). At elevated temperatures where inhibitor dissociation prevails, accelerated frontal polymerization rates are observed because of the concentrated presence of the initiator. Surprisingly, the strategy of employing higher initiator loading enhances both pot life and front speeds, which leads to FROMP rates exceeding prior reported values by over 5 times. This counterintuitive behavior is attributed to an increase in the proximity of the inhibitor to the initiator within the bulk resin and to whether the temperature favors coordination or dissociation of the inhibitor. A rapid method was developed for assessing resin pot life, and a straightforward model for active initiator behavior was established. Modified resin systems enabled direct ink writing of robust thermoset structures at rates much faster than previously possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Lessard
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Edgar B Mejia
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Abbie J Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Mya G Berkey
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Zina S Medina-Barreto
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Randy H Ewoldt
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Nancy R Sottos
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States of America
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6
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Jang YJ, Nguyen S, Hillmyer MA. Chemically Recyclable Linear and Branched Polyethylenes Synthesized from Stoichiometrically Self-Balanced Telechelic Polyethylenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4771-4782. [PMID: 38323928 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a widely used commercial plastic due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and water vapor barrier properties. However, less than 10% of HDPE is mechanically recycled, and the chemical recycling of HDPE is challenging due to the inherent strength of the carbon-carbon backbone bonds. Here, we report chemically recyclable linear and branched HDPE with sparse backbone ester groups synthesized from the transesterification of telechelic polyethylene macromonomers. Stoichiometrically self-balanced telechelic polyethylenes underwent transesterification polymerization to produce the PE-ester samples with high number-average molar masses of up to 111 kg/mol. Moreover, the transesterification polymerization of the telechelic polyethylenes and the multifunctional diethyl 5-(hydroxymethyl)isophthalate generated branched PE-esters. Thermal and mechanical properties of the PE-esters were comparable to those of commercial HDPE and tunable through control of the ester content in the backbone. In addition, branched PE-esters showed higher levels of melt strain hardening compared with linear versions. The PE-ester was depolymerized into telechelic macromonomers through straightforward methanolysis, and the resulting macromonomers could be effectively repolymerized to generate a high molar mass recycled PE-ester sample. This is a new and promising method for synthesizing and recycling high-molar-mass linear and branched PE-esters, which are competitive with HDPE and have easily tailorable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Jung Jang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sam Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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7
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Zhao Y, Rettner EM, Harry KL, Hu Z, Miscall J, Rorrer NA, Miyake GM. Chemically recyclable polyolefin-like multiblock polymers. Science 2023; 382:310-314. [PMID: 37856598 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyolefins are the most important and largest volume plastics produced. Unfortunately, the enormous use of plastics and lack of effective disposal or recycling options have created a plastic waste catastrophe. In this work, we report an approach to create chemically recyclable polyolefin-like materials with diverse mechanical properties through the construction of multiblock polymers from hard and soft oligomeric building blocks synthesized with ruthenium-mediated ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclooctenes. The multiblock polymers exhibit broad mechanical properties, spanning elastomers to plastomers to thermoplastics, while integrating a high melting transition temperature (Tm) and low glass transition temperature (Tg), making them suitable for use across diverse applications (Tm as high as 128°C and Tg as low as -60°C). After use, the different plastics can be combined and efficiently deconstructed back to the fundamental hard and soft building blocks for separation and repolymerization to realize a closed-loop recycling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Emma M Rettner
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Katherine L Harry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Zhitao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Joel Miscall
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- BOTTLE Consortium, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Nicholas A Rorrer
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- BOTTLE Consortium, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Garret M Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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8
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Chae JH, Choi M, Son S, Ko SM, Lee IH. Living Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Hetero Diels-Alder Adducts to Give Multifactor-Controlled and Fast-Photodegradable Vinyl Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305414. [PMID: 37259631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of multiple structural parameters associated with vinyl polymers is important for producing materials with the desired properties and functions. While the development of living polymerization methods has provided a way to control the various structural parameters of vinyl polymers, the concomitant control of their sequence and regioregularity remains a challenging task. To overcome this challenge, herein, we report the living cationic ring-opening polymerization of hetero Diels-Alder adducts. The scalable and modular synthesis of the cyclic monomers was achieved by a one-step protocol using readily available vinyl precursors. Subsequently, living polymerization of the cyclic monomers was examined, allowing the synthesis of vinyl polymers while controlling multiple factors, including molecular weight, dispersity, alternating sequence, head-to-head regioregularity, and end-group functionality. The living characteristics of the developed method were further demonstrated by block copolymerization. The synthesized vinyl polymers exhibited unique thermal properties and underwent fast photodegradation even under sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyung Chae
- Department of Energy System Research, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyeong Choi
- Department of Energy System Research, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Son
- Department of Energy System Research, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Ko
- Department of Energy System Research, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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9
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Bai J, Wang Y, You W. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclopropene derivatives towards polyolefin elastomer analogues. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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10
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Conk RJ, Hanna S, Shi JX, Yang J, Ciccia NR, Qi L, Bloomer BJ, Heuvel S, Wills T, Su J, Bell AT, Hartwig JF. Catalytic deconstruction of waste polyethylene with ethylene to form propylene. Science 2022; 377:1561-1566. [PMID: 36173865 DOI: 10.1126/science.add1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of polyolefins to monomers would create a valuable carbon feedstock from the largest fraction of waste plastic. However, breakdown of the main chains in these polymers requires the cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds that tend to resist selective chemical transformations. Here, we report the production of propylene by partial dehydrogenation of polyethylene and tandem isomerizing ethenolysis of the desaturated chain. Dehydrogenation of high-density polyethylene with either an iridium-pincer complex or platinum/zinc supported on silica as catalysts yielded dehydrogenated material containing up to 3.2% internal olefins; the combination of a second-generation Hoveyda-Grubbs metathesis catalyst and [PdP(tBu)3(μ-Br)]2 as an isomerization catalyst selectively degraded this unsaturated polymer to propylene in yields exceeding 80%. These results show promise for the application of mild catalysis to deconstruct otherwise stable polyolefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Conk
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Steven Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jake X Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ji Yang
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nicodemo R Ciccia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Liang Qi
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Brandon J Bloomer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Steffen Heuvel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tyler Wills
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ji Su
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alexis T Bell
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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11
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Guillory GA, Marxsen SF, Alamo RG, Kennemur JG. Precise Isotactic or Atactic Pendant Alcohols on a Polyethylene Backbone at Every Fifth Carbon: Synthesis, Crystallization, and Thermal Properties. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gina A. Guillory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Stephanie F. Marxsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, Florida A&M University−Florida State University (FAMU-FSU), 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Rufina G. Alamo
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, Florida A&M University−Florida State University (FAMU-FSU), 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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12
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Yasir M, Singh M, Kilbinger AFM. A Single Functionalization Agent for Heterotelechelic ROMP Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:813-817. [PMID: 35674524 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heterotelechelic polymers are an important class of materials finding applications in bioconjugation, imaging, sensing, and synthesis of organic/inorganic hybrid systems with interesting features. However, the synthesis of such polymers is challenging. Here, we report a mechanistically unique and most efficient method based on a single functionalization agent to prepare heterotelechelic polymers by a ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Different functionalization agents can be synthesized in one simple step from inexpensive commercial starting materials. The functionalization agents initially generate a functional initiator from commercial Grubbs' first-generation ruthenium benzylidene catalyst. During this process, a functional dihydrofuran derivative is produced. After functional initiation and propagation of a suitable monomer, the dihydrofuran derivative functionally terminates the polymerization yielding a primary alcohol-terminated heterotelechelic polymer. Molecular weight control is achieved by varying the ratio between monomer and Grubbs' first-generation catalyst. This method may emerge as a popular choice to prepare heterotelechelic polymers due to its simplicity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F M Kilbinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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13
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Yu Z, Wang M, Chen X, Huang S, Yang H. Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of a Macrobicyclic Olefin Bearing a Sacrificial Silyloxide Bridge. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 211189 China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 211189 China
| | - Xu‐Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 211189 China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 211189 China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu Province 211189 China
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14
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Yu Z, Wang M, Chen XM, Huang S, Yang H. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of a Macrobicyclic Olefin Bearing a Sacrificial Silyloxide Bridge. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112526. [PMID: 34693603 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has been regarded as a powerful tool for sequence-controlled polymerization. However, the traditional entropy-driven ROMP of macrocyclic olefins suffers from the lack of ring strain and poor regioselectivity, whereas the relay-ring-closing metathesis polymerization inevitably brings some unnecessary auxiliary structure into each monomeric unit. We developed a macrobicyclic olefin system bearing a sacrificial silyloxide bridge on the α,β'-positions of the double bond as a new class of sequence-defined monomer for regioselective ROMP. The monomeric sequence information is implanted in the macro-ring, while the small ring, a 3-substituted cyclooctene structure with substantial ring tension, can provide not only narrow polydispersity, but also high regio-/stereospecificity. Besides, the silyloxide bridge can be sacrificially cleaved by desilylation and deoxygenation reactions to provide clean-structured, non-auxiliaried polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Xu-Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
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15
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Zhang H, Zhou Z, Chen X, Yu B, Luo Z, Li X, Rahman MA, Sha Y. Sequence-Controlled Metallopolymers: Synthesis and Properties. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaofan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-2008, United States
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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16
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Watanabe K, Kaizawa N, Ree BJ, Yamamoto T, Tajima K, Isono T, Satoh T. One‐Shot Intrablock Cross‐Linking of Linear Diblock Copolymer to Realize Janus‐Shaped Single‐Chain Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Watanabe
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Noya Kaizawa
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Brian J. Ree
- Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan
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17
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Watanabe K, Kaizawa N, Ree BJ, Yamamoto T, Tajima K, Isono T, Satoh T. One-Shot Intrablock Cross-Linking of Linear Diblock Copolymer to Realize Janus-Shaped Single-Chain Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18122-18128. [PMID: 34041829 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Developing an efficient and versatile process to transform a single linear polymer chain into a shape-defined nanoobject is a major challenge in the fields of chemistry and nanotechnology to replicate sophisticated biological functions of proteins and nucleic acids in a synthetic polymer system. In this study, we performed one-shot intrablock cross-linking of linear block copolymers (BCPs) to realize single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) with two chemically compartmentalized domains (Janus-shaped SCNPs). Detailed structural characterizations of the Janus-shaped SCNP composed of polystyrene-block-poly(glycolic acid) revealed its compactly folded conformation and compartmentalized block localization, similar to the self-folded tertiary structures of natural proteins. Versatility of the one-shot intrablock cross-linking was demonstrated using several different BCP precursors. In addition, the Janus-shaped SCNP produce miniscule microphase-separated structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Watanabe
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Noya Kaizawa
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Brian J Ree
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
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18
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Yarolimek MR, Bookbinder HR, Coia BM, Kennemur JG. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of δ-Pinene: Well-Defined Polyolefins from Pine Sap. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:760-766. [PMID: 35549097 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Well-controlled ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of δ-pinene is reported. The monomer is produced through a facile, metal-free, three-step synthesis from highly abundant and sustainable α-pinene. Using Grubbs third-generation catalyst, δ-pinene undergoes ROMP to high conversion (>95%) with molar mass up to 70 kg mol-1 and narrow dispersity (<1.2). A highly regioregular propagation mechanism was concluded by NMR spectroscopic analysis that revealed a head-to-tail (HT, >95%) microstructure and high trans content (>98%). Successful ROMP is corroborated with density functional theory calculations on δ-pinene's ring strain energy (∼35 kJ mol-1). Poly(δ-pinene) has a high glass transition temperature (∼104 °C) and a unique chiral microstructure bearing gem-dimethylcyclobutane rings. Controlled ROMP also allowed the synthesis of block copolymers containing segments of poly(δ-pinene) and polynorbornene which are discussed. Finally, bulk polymerization of δ-pinene is possible, indicating a greener approach to these materials, albeit with some loss of control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Yarolimek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Heather R. Bookbinder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Brianna M. Coia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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19
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Sonoda T, Kobayashi S, Tanaka M. Periodically Functionalized Linear Polyethylene with Tertiary Amino Groups via Regioselective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Sonoda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka,
Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41 744 Motooka,
Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41 744 Motooka,
Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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20
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Wang H, Onbulak S, Weigand S, Bates FS, Hillmyer MA. Polyolefin graft copolymers through a ring-opening metathesis grafting through approach. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01728k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of polyethylene-g-atactic polypropylene graft copolymers were synthesized by grafting through copolymerization of a cyclooctene terminated aPP macromonomer with cyclooctene monomer and subsequent hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqun Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Sebla Onbulak
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Steven Weigand
- The Advanced Photon Source
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Argonne
- USA
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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21
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Onbulak S, Hillmyer MA. Precision ethylene-styrene copolymers through the ring opening metathesis polymerization of 3-phenyl cyclododecenes. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01721c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Precision polyolefin copolymers were synthesized by ROMP of phenyl-substituted cyclododecenes. Hydrogenation of the polydodecenamers afforded linear low density polyethylenes with a phenyl side chain every twelve backbone carbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebla Onbulak
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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22
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Elacqua E, Koehler SJ, Hu J. Electronically Governed ROMP: Expanding Sequence Control for Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the primary sequence of synthetic polymers remains a grand challenge in chemistry. A variety of methods that exert control over monomer sequence have been realized wherein differential reactivity, pre-organization, and stimuli-response have been key factors in programming sequence. Whereas much has been established in nonconjugated systems, π-extended frameworks remain systems wherein subtle structural changes influence bulk properties. The recent introduction of electronically biased ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) extends the repertoire of feasible approaches to prescribe donor–acceptor sequences in conjugated polymers, by enabling a system to achieve both low dispersity and controlled polymer sequences. Herein, we discuss recent advances in obtaining well-defined (i.e., low dispersity) polymers featuring donor–acceptor sequence control, and present our design of an electronically ambiguous (4-methoxy-1-(2-ethylhexyloxy) and benzothiadiazole-(donor–acceptor-)based [2.2]paracyclophanediene monomer that undergoes electronically dictated ROMP. The resultant donor–acceptor polymers were well-defined (Đ = 1.2, Mn > 20 k) and exhibited lower energy excitation and emission in comparison to ‘sequence-ill-defined’ polymers. Electronically driven ROMP expands on prior synthetic methods to attain sequence control, while providing a promising platform for further interrogation of polymer sequence and resultant properties.1 Introduction to Sequence Control2 Sequence Control in Polymers3 Multistep-Synthesis-Driven Sequence Control4 Catalyst-Dictated Sequence Control5 Electronically Governed Sequence Control6 Conclusions
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23
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Wang X, Dai L, Jie S, Bu Z, Li B. Telechelic Carboxyl‐Terminated Polynorbornenes and Copolym‐ers via Chain‐Transfer Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Suyun Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhiyang Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bo‐Geng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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24
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Ertem SP, Onuoha CE, Wang H, Hillmyer MA, Reineke TM, Lodge TP, Bates FS. Hydrogenolysis of Linear Low-Density Polyethylene during Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Piril Ertem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - C. Emmanuel Onuoha
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Huiqun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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25
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Song JA, Peterson GI, Bang KT, Ahmed TS, Sung JC, Grubbs RH, Choi TL. Ru-Catalyzed, cis-Selective Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Various Monomers, Including a Dendronized Macromonomer, and Implications to Enhanced Shear Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10438-10445. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Song
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jong-Chan Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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26
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Orski SV, Kassekert LA, Farrell WS, Kenlaw GA, Hillmyer MA, Beers KL. Design and Characterization of Model Linear Low-Density Polyethylenes (LLDPEs) by Multidetector Size Exclusion Chromatography. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara V. Orski
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Luke A. Kassekert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Wesley S. Farrell
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Grace A. Kenlaw
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Kathryn L. Beers
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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27
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Yu H, Li S, Schwieter KE, Liu Y, Sun B, Moore JS, Schroeder CM. Charge Transport in Sequence-Defined Conjugated Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4852-4861. [PMID: 32069403 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in synthetic polymers lies in understanding how primary monomer sequence affects materials properties. In this work, we show that charge transport in single molecule junctions of conjugated oligomers critically depends on the primary sequence of monomers. A series of sequence-defined oligomers ranging from two to seven units was synthesized by an iterative approach based on the van Leusen reaction, providing conjugated oligomers with backbones consisting of para-linked phenylenes connected to oxazole, imidazole, or nitro-substituted pyrrole. The charge transport properties of these materials were characterized using a scanning tunneling microscope-break junction (STM-BJ) technique, thereby enabling direct measurement of molecular conductance for sequence-defined dimers, trimers, pentamers, and a heptamer. Our results show that oligomers with specific monomer sequences exhibit unexpected and distinct charge transport pathways that enhance molecular conductance more than 10-fold. A systematic analysis using monomer substitution patterns established that sequence-defined pentamers containing imidazole or pyrrole groups in specific locations provide molecular attachment points on the backbone to the gold electrodes, thereby giving rise to multiple conductance pathways. These findings reveal the subtle but important role of molecular structure including steric hindrance and directionality of heterocycles in determining charge transport in these molecular junctions. This work brings new understanding for designing molecular electronic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Songsong Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kenneth E Schwieter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Boran Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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28
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Regio- and stereoselective ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 3-ferrocenyl substituted cyclooctenes and copolymerization with norbornene derivatives. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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29
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Zhu T, Tang C. Crosslinked metallo-polyelectrolytes with enhanced flexibility and dimensional stability for anion-exchange membranes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00757a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a class of crosslinked metallo-polyelectrolytes as anion exchange membranes with exceptional mechanical flexibility, dimensional stability and ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
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30
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Kassekert LA, Dingwell CE, De Hoe GX, Hillmyer MA. Processable epoxy-telechelic polyalkenamers and polyolefins for photocurable elastomers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Processable epoxy-telechelic polyalkenamers and polyolefins were synthesized using ring-opening metathesis polymerization and photochemically cured to furnish the corresponding crosslinked elastomers.
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31
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Tanaka M, Kobayashi S, Murakami D, Aratsu F, Kashiwazaki A, Hoshiba T, Fukushima K. Design of Polymeric Biomaterials: The “Intermediate Water Concept”. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daiki Murakami
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Aratsu
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Aki Kashiwazaki
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshiba
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fukushima
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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32
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Su JK, Jin Z, Zhang R, Lu G, Liu P, Xia Y. Tuning the Reactivity of Cyclopropenes from Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) to Single-Addition and Alternating ROMP. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17771-17776. [PMID: 31571344 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has become one of the most important living polymerizations. Cyclopropenes (CPEs) remain underexplored for ROMP. Described here is that the simple swap of 1-methyl to 1-phenyl on 1-(benzoyloxymethyl)CPEs elicited strikingly different modes of reactivity, switching from living polymerization to either selective single-addition or living alternating ROMP. The distinct reactivity stems from differences in steric repulsions at the Ru alkylidene after CPE ring opening. Possible olefin or oxygen chelation from ring-opened CPE substituents was also observed to significantly affect the rate of propagation. These results demonstrate the versatility of CPEs as a new class of monomers for ROMP, provide mechanistic insights for designing new monomers with rare single-addition reactivity, and generate a new functionalizable alternating copolymer scaffold with controlled molecular weight and low dispersity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Su
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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33
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Cetinkaya IC, Eren T. The synthesis of cyclic hydroxy-phosphonate bearing polybutene using ROMP. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael G. Hyatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Susannah A. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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35
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Investigating the effects of bulky allylic substituents on the regioregularity and thermodynamics of ROMP on cyclopentene. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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36
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Su JK, Jin Z, Zhang R, Lu G, Liu P, Xia Y. Tuning the Reactivity of Cyclopropenes from Living Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) to Single‐Addition and Alternating ROMP. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Su
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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37
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McGuire TM, Pérale C, Castaing R, Kociok-Köhn G, Buchard A. Divergent Catalytic Strategies for the Cis/ Trans Stereoselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of a Dual Cyclic Carbonate/Olefin Monomer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13301-13305. [PMID: 31429566 PMCID: PMC7007229 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A dual seven-membered
cyclic carbonate/olefin monomer was synthesized
from CO2 and cis-1,4-butenediol and polymerized.
The properties of the polymer were controlled using divergent catalytic
strategies toward the stereochemistry of the olefin. Ring-opening
polymerization of the cyclic carbonate using an organocatalytic approach
retained the cis-stereoconfiguration of the olefin
and yielded a hard semicrystalline polymer (Tm 115 °C). Ring-opening metathesis polymerization using
Grubbs’ catalyst proceeded with high trans-stereoregularity (95%) and produced a soft amorphous polymer (Tg −22 °C). Cis to trans isomerization of the polymer was possible using Cu(I)
salts under UV light. In all polymers, the C=C double bond
remained available for postpolymerization modification and thermoset
resins were formed by cross-linking. From this single monomer, cis-trans-cis triblock
copolymers, with potential applications as thermoplastic elastomers,
were synthesized by combining both strategies using cis-1,4-butenediol as a chain transfer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M McGuire
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down BA2 7AY , Bath , U.K
| | - Cécile Pérale
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down BA2 7AY , Bath , U.K
| | - Rémi Castaing
- Material and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2) , University of Bath , Bath , U.K
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Material and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2) , University of Bath , Bath , U.K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down BA2 7AY , Bath , U.K
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38
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Farrell WS, Orski SV, Kotula AP, Baugh III DW, Snyder CR, Beers KL. Precision, Tunable Deuterated Polyethylene via Polyhomologation. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley S. Farrell
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sara V. Orski
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Anthony P. Kotula
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Daniel W. Baugh III
- The Dow Chemical Company, 230 Abner Jackson Parkway, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Chad R. Snyder
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kathryn L. Beers
- Materials Science & Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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39
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Zhang X, Zuo X, Ortmann P, Mecking S, Alamo RG. Crystallization of Long-Spaced Precision Polyacetals I: Melting and Recrystallization of Rapidly Formed Crystallites. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Patrick Ortmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rufina G. Alamo
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046, United States
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40
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Kennedy CR, Zhong H, Macaulay RL, Chirik PJ. Regio- and Diastereoselective Iron-Catalyzed [4+4]-Cycloaddition of 1,3-Dienes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8557-8573. [PMID: 31060353 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A family of single-component iron precatalysts for the [4+4]-cyclodimerization and intermolecular cross-[4+4]-cycloaddition of monosubstituted 1,3-dienes is described. Cyclooctadiene products were obtained with high regioselectivity, and catalyst-controlled access to either cis- or trans-diastereomers was achieved using 4-substituted diene substrates. Reactions conducted either with single-component precatalysts or with iron dihalide complexes activated in situ proved compatible with common organic functional groups and were applied on multigram scale (up to >100 g). Catalytically relevant, S = 1 iron complexes bearing 2-(imino)pyridine ligands, (RPI)FeL2 (RPI = [2-(2,6-R2-C6H3-N═CMe)-C5H4N] where R = iPr or Me, L2 = bis-olefin), were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Mößbauer spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, and DFT calculations. The structural and spectroscopic parameters are consistent with an electronic structure description comprised of a high spin iron(I) center ( SFe = 3/2) engaged in antiferromagnetically coupling with a ligand radical anion ( SPI = -1/2). Mechanistic studies conducted with these single-component precatalysts, including kinetic analyses, 12C/13C isotope effect measurements, and in situ Mößbauer spectroscopy, support a mechanism involving oxidative cyclization of two dienes that determines regio- and diastereoselectivity. Topographic steric maps derived from crystallographic data provided insights into the basis for the catalyst control through stereoselective oxidative cyclization and subsequent, stereospecific allyl-isomerization and C-C bond-forming reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rose Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Hongyu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Rachel L Macaulay
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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41
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Nowalk JA, Fang C, Short AL, Weiss RM, Swisher JH, Liu P, Meyer TY. Sequence-Controlled Polymers Through Entropy-Driven Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Theory, Molecular Weight Control, and Monomer Design. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5741-5752. [PMID: 30714723 PMCID: PMC6685222 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bulk properties of a copolymer are directly affected by monomer sequence, yet efficient, scalable, and controllable syntheses of sequenced copolymers remain a defining challenge in polymer science. We have previously demonstrated, using polymers prepared by a step-growth synthesis, that hydrolytic degradation of poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)s is dramatically affected by sequence. While much was learned, the step-growth mechanism gave no molecular weight control, unpredictable yields, and meager scalability. Herein, we describe the synthesis of closely related sequenced polyesters prepared by entropy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ED-ROMP) of strainless macromonomers with imbedded monomer sequences of lactic, glycolic, 6-hydroxy hexanoic, and syringic acids. The incorporation of ethylene glycol and metathesis linkers facilitated synthesis and provided the olefin functionality needed for ED-ROMP. Ring-closing to prepare the cyclic macromonomers was demonstrated using both ring-closing metathesis and macrolactonization reactions. Polymerization produced macromolecules with controlled molecular weights on a multigram scale. To further enhance molecular weight control, the macromonomers were prepared with cis-olefins in the metathesis-active segment. Under these selectivity-enhanced (SEED-ROMP) conditions, first-order kinetics and narrow dispersities were observed and the effect of catalyst initiation rate on the polymerization was investigated. Enhanced living character was further demonstrated through the preparation of block copolymers. Computational analysis suggested that the enhanced polymerization kinetics were due to the cis-macrocyclic olefin being less flexible and having a larger population of metathesis-reactive conformers. Although used for polyesters in this investigation, SEED-ROMP represents a general method for incorporation of sequenced segments into molecular weight-controlled polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Nowalk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Computational Modeling & Simulation Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260
| | - Amy L. Short
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ryan M. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jordan H. Swisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tara Yvonne Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15219, United States
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42
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Lee B, Onbulak S, Xu Y, Topolkaraev V, McEneany R, Bates F, Hillmyer M. Investigation of Micromechanical Behavior and Voiding of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Polyethylene-stat-methyl Acrylate Blends during Tensile Deformation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b06362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bongjoon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Sebla Onbulak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Yuewen Xu
- Void Technologies Inc., Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, United States
| | - Vasily Topolkaraev
- Corporate Research & Engineering, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin 54957, United States
| | - Ryan McEneany
- Void Technologies Inc., Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, United States
| | - Frank Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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43
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Zhou C, Wang Y, Zhao L, Liu Z, Cheng J. Regioselective ring-opening metathesis polymerization of limonene oxide-substituted cyclooctene: The highly functional ethylene/vinyl ester copolymers. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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44
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Abstract
This Viewpoint highlights the viability and increasing variety of functionalized polypentenamers as unique and valuable materials created through enthalpy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of low ring strain cyclopentene monomers. The terms "low ring strain" and "enthalpy-driven" are typically conflicting ideologies for successful ROMP; however, these monomers possess a heightened sensitivity to reaction conditions, which may be leveraged in a number of ways to provide performance elastomers with good yield and precise functional topologies. Over the last several years, a rekindled interest in these systems has led to a renaissance of research aimed at improving their synthesis and exploring their potential. Their chemistry, applications, and future outlook are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Neary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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45
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Ren N, Zhu X. Synthesis of hyperbranched polyolefins and polyethylenesviaADMET of monomers bearing non-selective olefins. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01499c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of hyperbranched polyolefins and polyethylenesvianon-selective olefin metathesis of monomers with three identical terminal olefins was realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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46
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Ren N, Zhu X. Hybrid Polymerization of Ring-Opening Metathesis and Cross-Metathesis for Polyolefins with Tunable Architectures. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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47
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Sytniczuk A, Leszczyńska A, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Preparation of Musk-Smelling Macrocyclic Lactones from Biomass: Looking for the Optimal Substrate Combination. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3157-3166. [PMID: 30028581 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic musk belongs to a well-known and valued class of the fragrance family. Originally, natural musks were obtained from rectal musk glands which often led to the death of the animals. Recently, a lot of effort was invested to obtain such macrocycles in a synthetic way. This research presents a study on the preparation of macrocyclic lactones with the musk scent by ring-closing metathesis (RCM) using biomass-derived starting materials: oleic and 9-decenoic acid. An experimental rule correlating the C-C double bond substitution pattern in the starting diene and the yield for the RCM macrocyclization was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sytniczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Leszczyńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
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48
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Zhou Z, Palermo EF. Templated Ring-Opening Metathesis (TROM) of Cyclic Olefins Tethered to Unimolecular Oligo(thiophene)s. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Edmund F. Palermo
- Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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49
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Li S, Liu D, Wang Z, Cui D. Development of Group 3 Catalysts for Alternating Copolymerization of Ethylene and Styrene Derivatives. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zichuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Branch, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Lee HK, Choi TL. Unusual Superior Activity of the First Generation Grubbs Catalyst in Cascade Olefin Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:531-535. [PMID: 35632926 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported a new cascade ring-opening/closing metathesis polymerization of monomers containing two cyclopentene moieties. Several Ru catalysts were tested, but the best polymerization results were unexpectedly obtained using the first-generation Grubbs catalyst (G1). This was puzzling since the second- and third-generation Grubbs catalysts are well-known for their higher activities compared to G1. In order to explain the unique and superior activity of G1, we conducted a series of kinetics experiments for the polymerization of 3,3'-oxydicyclopent-1-ene, a representative monomer of this cascade polymerization, as well as the competition polymerization with cycloheptene using the various Grubbs catalysts. Based on our results, we propose a model in which the differences in the steric hindrance between the different ligands and the monomer determine the selectivity of the catalyst approach to the monomer and, therefore, the extent to which the productive pathway leads to successful cascade polymerization. In short, G1 with the smaller ligand showed a high preference for the productive pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Keun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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