1
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Krämer F. Aluminum in Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405207. [PMID: 38826040 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This review article describes the development of the use of aluminum compounds in the chemistry of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) over the last 14 years. It also discusses the synthesis, reactivity and catalytic applications of intermolecular, intramolecular and so-called hidden FLPs with phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon Lewis bases. The intrinsically higher acidity of aluminum compounds compared to their boron analogs opens up different reaction pathways. The results are presented in a more or less chronological order. It is shown that Al FLPs react with a variety of polar and non-polar substrates and form both stable adducts and reversibly activate bonds. Consequently, some catalytic applications of the title compounds were presented such as dimerization of alkynes, hydrogenation of tert-butyl ethylene and imines, C-F bond activation, reduction of CO2, dehydrogenation of amine borane and transfer of ammonia. In addition, various Al FLPs were used as initiators in polymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krämer
- C1 Green Chemicals AG, Am Studio 2a, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Neumann T, Thompson BC, Hebron D, Graycon DM, Collauto A, Roessler MM, Wilson DWN, Musgrave RA. Heterobimetallic 3d-4f complexes supported by a Schiff-base tripodal ligand. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9921-9932. [PMID: 38808633 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03760f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Complexes featuring multiple metal centres are of growing interest regarding metal-metal cooperation and its tuneability. Here the synthesis and characterisation of heterobimetallic complexes of a 3d metal (4: Mn, 5: Co) and lanthanum supported by a (1,1,1-tris[(3-methoxysalicylideneamino)methyl]ethane) ligand is reported, as well as discussion of their electronic structure via electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, electrochemical experiments and computational studies. Competitive binding experiments of the ligand and various metal salts unequivocally demonstrate that in these heterobimetallic complexes the 3d metal (Mn, Co) selectively occupies the κ6-N3O3 binding site of the ligand, whilst La occupies the κ6-O6 metal binding site in line with their relative oxophilicities. EPR spectroscopy supported by density functional theory analysis indicates that the 3d metal is high spin in both cases (S = 5/2 (Mn), 3/2 (Co)). Cyclic voltammetry studies on the Mn/La and Co/La bimetallic complexes revealed a quasi-reversible Mn2+/3+ redox process and poorly-defined irreversible oxidation events respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Neumann
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
| | - Benedict C Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
| | - Denny Hebron
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
| | - Daniel M Graycon
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
| | - Alberto Collauto
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Maxie M Roessler
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Daniel W N Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK.
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3
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He X, Pan X, Xiong C, Zhang Y, Hong D, Fang H, Cui P. Rare-Earth Metalloligands for Low -Valent Cobalt Complexes: Fine Electronic Tuning via Co→RE Dative Interactions. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8155-8162. [PMID: 38651290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Rare-earth metalloligand supported low-valent cobalt complexes were synthesized by utilizing a small-sized heptadentate phosphinomethylamine LsNH3 and a large-sized arene-anchored hexadentate phosphinomethylamine LlArH3 ligand precursors. The RE(III)-Co(-I)-N2 (RE = Sc, Lu, Y, Gd, La) complexes containing rare-earth metals including the smallest Sc and largest La were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, electrochemistry, and computational studies. The Co(-I)→RE(III) dative interactions were all polarized with major contributions from the 3dz2 orbital of the cobalt center, which was slightly affected by the identity of rare-earth metalloligands. The IR spectroscopic data and redox potentials obtained from cyclic voltammetry revealed that the electronic property of the Co(-I) center was finely tuned by the rare-earth metalloligand, which was revealed by variation of the ligand systems containing LsN, LmN, and LlAr. Unlike the direct alteration of the electronic property of metal center via an ancillary ligand, such a series of rare-earth metalloligand represents a smooth strategy to tune the electronic property of transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan He
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 S. Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 S. Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 S. Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Dongjing Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 S. Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Huayi Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Peng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 S. Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
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4
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Gulyaeva ES, Buhaibeh R, Boundor M, Azouzi K, Willot J, Bastin S, Duhayon C, Lugan N, Filippov OA, Sortais JB, Valyaev DA, Canac Y. Impact of the Methylene Bridge Substitution in Chelating NHC-Phosphine Mn(I) Catalyst for Ketone Hydrogenation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304201. [PMID: 38314964 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Systematic modification of the chelating NHC-phosphine ligand (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) in highly efficient ketone hydrogenation Mn(I) catalyst fac-[(Ph2PCH2NHC)Mn(CO)3Br] has been performed and the catalytic activity of the resulting complexes was evaluated using acetophenone as a benchmark substrate. While the variation of phosphine and NHC moieties led to inferior results than for a parent system, the incorporation of a phenyl substituent into the ligand methylene bridge improved catalytic performance by ca. 3 times providing maximal TON values in the range of 15000-20000. Mechanistic investigation combining experimental and computational studies allowed to rationalize this beneficial effect as an enhanced stabilization of reaction intermediates including anionic hydride species fac-[(Ph2PC(Ph)NHC)Mn(CO)3H]- playing a crucial role in the hydrogenation process. These results highlight the interest of such carbon bridge substitution strategy being rarely employed in the design of chemically non-innocent ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Gulyaeva
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences, 28/1 Vavilov str., GSP-1, B-334, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Ruqaya Buhaibeh
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Mohamed Boundor
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Karim Azouzi
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jérémy Willot
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Stéphanie Bastin
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Carine Duhayon
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Noël Lugan
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Oleg A Filippov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences, 28/1 Vavilov str., GSP-1, B-334, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sortais
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Dmitry A Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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5
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Sun R, Jiang Y, Chen HR, Jiang X, Cao YC, Ye S, Liao RZ, Tung CH, Wang W. Bimetallic H 2 Addition and Intramolecular Caryl-H Activation Mediated by an Iron-Zinc Hydride. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6082-6091. [PMID: 38512050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Heteronuclear Fe(μ-H)Zn hydride Cp*Fe(1,2-Cy2PC6H4)HZnEt (3) undergoes reversible intramolecular Caryl-H reductive elimination through coupling of the cyclometalated phosphinoaryl ligand and the hydride, giving rise to a formal Fe(0)-Zn(II) species. Addition of CO intercepts this equilibrium, affording Cp*(Cy2PPh)(CO)Fe-ZnEt that features a dative Fe-Zn bond. Significantly, this system achieves bimetallic H2 addition, as demonstrated by the transformation of the monohydride Fe(μ-H)Zn to a deuterated dihydride Fe-(μ-D)2-Zn upon reaction with D2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hao-Ran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuebin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu-Chen Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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6
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Landaeta VR, Horsley Downie TM, Wolf R. Low-Valent Transition Metalate Anions in Synthesis, Small Molecule Activation, and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1323-1463. [PMID: 38354371 PMCID: PMC10906008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This review surveys the synthesis and reactivity of low-oxidation state metalate anions of the d-block elements, with an emphasis on contributions reported between 2006 and 2022. Although the field has a long and rich history, the chemistry of transition metalate anions has been greatly enhanced in the last 15 years by the application of advanced concepts in complex synthesis and ligand design. In recent years, the potential of highly reactive metalate complexes in the fields of small molecule activation and homogeneous catalysis has become increasingly evident. Consequently, exciting applications in small molecule activation have been developed, including in catalytic transformations. This article intends to guide the reader through the fascinating world of low-valent transition metalates. The first part of the review describes the synthesis and reactivity of d-block metalates stabilized by an assortment of ligand frameworks, including carbonyls, isocyanides, alkenes and polyarenes, phosphines and phosphorus heterocycles, amides, and redox-active nitrogen-based ligands. Thereby, the reader will be familiarized with the impact of different ligand types on the physical and chemical properties of metalates. In addition, ion-pairing interactions and metal-metal bonding may have a dramatic influence on metalate structures and reactivities. The complex ramifications of these effects are examined in a separate section. The second part of the review is devoted to the reactivity of the metalates toward small inorganic molecules such as H2, N2, CO, CO2, P4 and related species. It is shown that the use of highly electron-rich and reactive metalates in small molecule activation translates into impressive catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of organic molecules and the reduction of N2, CO, and CO2. The results discussed in this review illustrate that the potential of transition metalate anions is increasingly being tapped for challenging catalytic processes with relevance to organic synthesis and energy conversion. Therefore, it is hoped that this review will serve as a useful resource to inspire further developments in this dynamic research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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7
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Peng L, Zhao Y, Chen J, Lu H, Tang Z, Chen Y, Yin SF, Kambe N, Qiu R. Trivalent Organostibines: Sb,N Ligands in Double N-Arylation of Primary Amines toward Functionalized Carbazoles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:183-190. [PMID: 38141025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
A Sb,N ligand (L-Sb) for Pd-catalyzed double N-arylation of primary amines was developed. This trivalent ligand L-Sb, containing a 5,6,7,12-tetrahydrodibenzo[c,f][1,5]azastibocine skeleton and stable under air and moisture, could be synthesized facilely on a gram scale from chlorostibine (1) and cyclopentylmagnesium bromide. L-Sb showed excellent catalytic performance in Pd2(dba)3-catalyzed double N-arylation of 2,2'-dibromo-1,1'-biphenyl (2) with primary amines (3), affording functionalized carbazoles in good yields. This Pd2(dba)3/L-Sb-catalyzed double N-arylation, the first example of the application of trivalent organostibines as a ligand in N-arylation, featured the following advantages: small catalyst loading, wide functional group tolerance, good yields, and ease of gram-scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yanting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Renhua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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8
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Nguyen VT, Lai Q, Witayapaisitsan N, Bhuvanesh N, Surawatanawong P, Ozerov OV. Migration of Hydride, Methyl, and Chloride Ligands between Al and M in (PAlP)M Pincer Complexes (M = Rh or Ir). Organometallics 2023; 42:3120-3129. [PMID: 38357656 PMCID: PMC10863399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Protolysis of AlMe3 or AlBui3 with 2-diisopropylphosphinopyrrole (1) yields molecules containing two flanking phosphines and a central Al-Me (2-Me), Al-iBu (2-iBu), or Al-H (2-H) unit. The reactions of 2-Me with [L2MCl]2 (L = cyclooctene or 1/2 1,5-cyclooctadiene and M = Rh or Ir) in the presence of pyridine produces PAlClP pincer complexes (3-Rh and 3-Ir) with Al-Cl and M-Me bonds. The analogous reaction of a mixture of 2-iBu and 2-H with [L2MCl]2 and pyridine resulted in the formation of analogous Rh-H (4-Rh) and Ir-H (4-Ir) complexes. Treatment of 3-Rh with NaBEt3H produced compound 5-Rh with an Al-Me and a Rh-H bond; the analogous reaction of 3-Ir did not result in a clean product. 4-Ir accepted an equivalent of H2 to produce 6-Ir with two terminal Ir-H bonds and one bridging Al-H-Ir moiety, whereas 4-Rh did not react with H2. The density functional theoretical treatment is in accord with this finding, highlights the likely mechanism for the H2 addition, and supports the bonding picture in 6-Ir arising from NMR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) observations. Spectroscopic data and XRD studies are consistent with distorted square-pyramidal structures (about Rh or Ir) for compounds 3-5, with an alane occupying the apical position. Complexes 3 and 4 possess some of the shortest known Rh-Al or Ir-Al distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M
University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Qingheng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M
University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Naphol Witayapaisitsan
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M
University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Panida Surawatanawong
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M
University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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9
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Kong RY, Parry JB, Anello GR, Ong ME, Lancaster KM. Accelerating σ-Bond Metathesis at Sn(II) Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24136-24144. [PMID: 37870565 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular main-group hydride catalysts are attractive as cheap and Earth-abundant alternatives to transition-metal analogues. In the case of the latter, specific steric and electronic tuning of the metal center through ligand choice has enabled the iterative and rational development of superior catalysts. Analogously, a deeper understanding of electronic structure-activity relationships for molecular main-group hydrides should facilitate the development of superior main-group hydride catalysts. Herein, we report a modular Sn-Ni bimetallic system in which we systematically vary the ancillary ligand on Ni, which, in turn, tunes the Sn center. This tuning is probed using Sn L1 XAS as a measure of electron density at the Sn center. We demonstrate that increased electron density at Sn centers accelerates the rate of σ-bond metathesis, and we employ this understanding to develop a highly active Sn-based catalyst for the hydroboration of CO2 using pinacolborane. Additionally, we demonstrate that engineering London dispersion interactions within the secondary coordination sphere of Sn allows for further rate acceleration. These results show that the electronics of main-group catalysts can be controlled without the competing effects of geometry perturbations and that this manifests in substantial reactivity differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Y Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joseph B Parry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Guy R Anello
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew E Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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10
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Fernández S, Fernando S, Planas O. Cooperation towards nobility: equipping first-row transition metals with an aluminium sword. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14259-14286. [PMID: 37740303 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02722h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The exploration for noble metals substitutes in catalysis has become a highly active area of research, driven by the pursuit of sustainable chemical processes. Although the utilization of base metals holds great potential as an alternative, their successful implementation in predictable catalytic processes necessitates the development of appropriate ligands. Such ligands must be capable of controlling their intricate redox chemistry and promote two-electron events, thus mimicking well-established organometallic processes in noble metal catalysis. While numerous approaches for infusing nobility to base metals have been explored, metal-ligand cooperation has garnered significant attention in recent years. Within this context, aluminium-based ligands offer interesting features to fine-tune the activity of metal centres, but their application in base metal catalysis remains largely unexplored. This perspective seeks to highlight the most recent breakthroughs in the reactivity of heterobimetallic aluminium-base-metal complexes, while also showcasing their potential to develop novel and predictable catalytic transformations. By turning the spotlight on such heterobimetallic species, we aim to inspire chemists to explore aluminium-base-metal species and expand the range of their applications as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fernández
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Selwin Fernando
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Oriol Planas
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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11
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Sun X, Shen J, Rajeshkumar T, Maron L, Zhu C. Heterometallic Clusters with Cerium-Transition-Metal Bonding Supported by Nitrogen-Phosphorus Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16077-16083. [PMID: 37733482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Ligands are known to play a crucial role in the construction of complexes with metal-metal bonds. Compared with metal-metal bonds involving d-block transition metals, knowledge of the metal-metal bonds involving f-block rare-earth metals still lags far behind. Herein, we report a series of complexes with cerium-transition-metal bonds, which are supported by two kinds of nitrogen-phosphorus ligands N[CH2CH2NHPiPr2]3 (VI) and PyNHCH2PPh2 (VII). The reactions of zerovalent group 10 metal precursors, Pd(PPh3)4 and Pt(PPh3)4, with the cerium complex supported by VI generate heterometallic clusters [N{CH2CH2NPiPr2}3Ce(μ-M)]2 (M = Pd, 2 and M = Pt, 3) featuring four Ce-M bonds; meanwhile, the bimetallic species [(PyNCH2PPh2)3Ce-M] (M = Ni, 5; M = Pd, 6; and M = Pt, 7) with a single Ce-M bond were isolated from the reactions of the cerium precursor 4 supported by VII with Ni(COD)2, Pd(PPh3)4, or Pt(PPh3)4, respectively. These complexes represent the first example of species with an RE-M bond between Ce and group 10 metals, and 2 and 3 contain the largest number of RE-M donor/acceptor interactions ever to have been observed in a molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi 214105, China
| | - Jinghang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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12
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De Leon E, Gonzalez F, Bauskar P, Gonzalez-Eymard S, De Los Santos D, Shoshani MM. Amplifying Reactivity of Metal Hydrides: A Heterotrimetallic NiAl 2(μ 2-H) 2 Catalyst for the Dearomatization of N-Heterocycles. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo De Leon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - Fernando Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - Preetika Bauskar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Eymard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - David De Los Santos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - Manar M. Shoshani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd. Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
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13
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Noor A. Recent developments in two coordinate transition metal chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Moore JT, Dorantes MJ, Pengmei Z, Schwartz TM, Schaffner J, Apps SL, Gaggioli CA, Das U, Gagliardi L, Blank DA, Lu CC. Light-Driven Hydrodefluorination of Electron-Rich Aryl Fluorides by an Anionic Rhodium-Gallium Photoredox Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205575. [PMID: 36017770 PMCID: PMC9826370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An anionic Rh-Ga complex catalyzed the hydrodefluorination of challenging C-F bonds in electron-rich aryl fluorides and trifluoromethylarenes when irradiated with violet light in the presence of H2 , a stoichiometric alkoxide base, and a crown-ether additive. Based on theoretical calculations, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), which is delocalized across both the Rh and Ga atoms, becomes singly occupied upon excitation, thereby poising the Rh-Ga complex for photoinduced single-electron transfer (SET). Stoichiometric and control reactions support that the C-F activation is mediated by the excited anionic Rh-Ga complex. After SET, the proposed neutral Rh0 intermediate was detected by EPR spectroscopy, which matched the spectrum of an independently synthesized sample. Deuterium-labeling studies corroborate the generation of aryl radicals during catalysis and their subsequent hydrogen-atom abstraction from the THF solvent to generate the hydrodefluorinated arene products. Altogether, the combined experimental and theoretical data support an unconventional bimetallic excitation that achieves the activation of strong C-F bonds and uses H2 and base as the terminal reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T. Moore
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Michael J. Dorantes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Zihan Pengmei
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Timothy M. Schwartz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA,Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str. 1Bonn53121Deutschland
| | - Jacob Schaffner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Samantha L. Apps
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Carlo A. Gaggioli
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago5735 S Ellis Ave.ChicagoIllinois60637USA
| | - Ujjal Das
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str. 1Bonn53121Deutschland
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago5735 S Ellis Ave.ChicagoIllinois60637USA
| | - David A. Blank
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA
| | - Connie C. Lu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMinnesota55455-0431USA,Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str. 1Bonn53121Deutschland
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15
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Komuro T, Nakajima Y, Takaya J, Hashimoto H. Recent progress in transition metal complexes supported by multidentate ligands featuring group 13 and 14 elements as coordinating atoms. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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The Backbone of Success of P,N-Hybrid Ligands: Some Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196293. [PMID: 36234830 PMCID: PMC9614609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus ligands are an invaluable family of compounds that continue to underpin important roles in disciplines such as coordination chemistry and catalysis. Their success can routinely be traced back to facile tuneability thus enabling a high degree of control over, for example, electronic and steric properties. Diphosphines, phosphorus compounds bearing two separated PIII donor atoms, are also highly valued and impart their own unique features, for example excellent chelating properties upon metal complexation. In many classical ligands of this type, the backbone connectivity has been based on all carbon spacers only but there is growing interest in embedding other donor atoms such as additional nitrogen (–NH–, –NR–) sites. This review will collate some important examples of ligands in this field, illustrate their role as ligands in coordination chemistry and highlight some of their reactivities and applications. It will be shown that incorporation of a nitrogen-based group can impart unusual reactivities and important catalytic applications.
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17
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Paskaruk K, Emslie DJH, Britten JF. Coordination chemistry and structural rearrangements of the Me 2PCH 2AlMe 2 ambiphilic ligand. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15040-15048. [PMID: 36112126 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02519a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of 2 equivalents of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [{RhCl(cod)}2] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) afforded [{κ2P,P-(Me3Al)ClMeAl(CH2PMe2)2}Rh(cod)] (1), which features a κ2-coordinated bis(phosphino)aluminate anion. In compound 1, an Al-Cl substituent bridges to a molecule of AlMe3, which could be removed in vacuo to provide [{κ2P,P-ClMeAl(CH2PMe2)2}Rh(cod)] (2). By contrast, reaction of 1 equiv. of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [{RhCl(cod)}2] yielded [Rh(cod)(μ-Cl)(Me2PCH2AlMe2)] (3) as the major product, where the phosphine donor of an intact Me2PCH2AlMe2 ligand is coordinated to rhodium and a chloride ligand bridges between Rh and Al. [Rh(cod)(μ-Cl)(Me2PCH2AlClMe)] (3A) and 2 were also formed as minor products. The aforementioned reactions were carried out in benzene or toluene, whereas the 1 : 1 reaction of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [{RhCl(cod)}2] in THF afforded [{Rh(μ-CH2PMe2)(cod)}2] (4). Reactions of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with iridium(I), gold(I) and platinum(II) precursors were also explored. A 1 : 1 reaction of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [{IrCl(cod)}2] afforded [{κ2P,P-Cl2Al(CH2PMe2)2}Ir(cod)] (5) as one of two major phosphine-containing products; unlike 3, this compound features two chlorine substituents on aluminium. For comparison, the rhodium analogue of 5, [{κ2P,P-Cl2Al(CH2PMe2)2}Rh(cod)] (6), was also synthesized via the 1 : 1 reaction of {ClAl(CH2PMe2)2}2 with [{RhCl(cod)}2]. Reactions of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [AuCl(CO)] or [PtCl2(cod)] also resulted in chloride-methyl group exchange between the transition metal and aluminium. However, these reactions generated free (Me2PCH2AlClMe)2 accompanied by gold and ethane, or [PtMe2(cod)], respectively. Reaction of 1.5 equivalents of (Me2PCH2AlMe2)2 with [PtMe2(cod)] at 75 °C afforded zwitterionic [(PtMe{μ-κ1P:κ2P,P-MeAl(CH2PMe2)3})2] (7) which features two tris(phosphino)aluminate anions bridging between PtMe units. Compounds 1-2, 3/3A, 4-7 and (Me2PCH2AlClMe)2 were crystallographically characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Paskaruk
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - David J H Emslie
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - James F Britten
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
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18
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Moore JT, Dorantes MJ, Pengmei Z, Schwartz TM, Schaffner J, Apps SL, Gaggioli CA, Das U, Gagliardi L, Blank DA, Lu CC. Light‐Driven Hydrodefluorination of Electron‐Rich Aryl Fluorides by an Anionic Rhodium‐Gallium Photoredox Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T. Moore
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Michael J. Dorantes
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Zihan Pengmei
- University of Chicago Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Timothy M. Schwartz
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Jacob Schaffner
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Samantha L. Apps
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Carlo A. Gaggioli
- University of Chicago Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Ujjal Das
- University of Bonn: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- University of Chicago Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - David A. Blank
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Connie C. Lu
- University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering Chemistry Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn GERMANY
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19
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Prat JR, Cammarota RC, Graziano BJ, Moore JT, Lu CC. Toggling the Z-type interaction off-on in nickel-boron dihydrogen and anionic hydride complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8798-8801. [PMID: 35838123 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Completing a series of nickel-group 13 complexes, a coordinatively unsaturated nickel-boron complex and its derivatives with a H2, N2, or hydride ligand were synthesized and characterized. The toggling "on" of a Ni(0)-B(III) inverse-dative bond enabled the stabilization of a nickel-bound anionic hydride with a remarkably low thermodynamic hydricity of kcal mol-1 in THF. The flexible topology of the boron metalloligand confers both favorable hydrogen binding affinity and strong hydride donicity, albeit at the cost of high H2 basicity during deprotonation to form the hydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Prat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Ryan C Cammarota
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Brendan J Graziano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - James T Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA
| | - Connie C Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, USA.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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20
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Litle ED, Gabbaï FP. Metal→Carbon Dative Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201841. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elishua D. Litle
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - François P. Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
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21
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian R. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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22
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Litle ED, Gabbaï FP. Metal→Carbon Dative Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elishua D. Litle
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - François P. Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
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23
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Sinhababu S, Radzhabov MR, Telser J, Mankad NP. Cooperative Activation of CO 2 and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al-Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3210-3221. [PMID: 35157448 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Activation of inert molecules like CO2 is often mediated by cooperative chemistry between two reactive sites within a catalytic assembly, the most common form of which is Lewis acid/base bifunctionality observed in both natural metalloenzymes and synthetic systems. Here, we disclose a heterobinuclear complex with an Al-Fe bond that instead activates CO2 and other substrates through cooperative behavior of two radical intermediates. The complex Ldipp(Me)AlFp (2, Ldipp = HC{(CMe)(2,6-iPr2C6H3N)}2, Fp = FeCp(CO)2, Cp = η5-C5H5) was found to insert CO2 and cyclohexene oxide, producing LdippAl(Me)(μ:κ2-O2C)Fp (3) and LdippAl(Me)(μ-OC6H10)Fp (4), respectively. Detailed mechanistic studies indicate unusual pathways in which (i) the Al-Fe bond dissociates homolytically to generate formally AlII and FeI metalloradicals, then (ii) the metalloradicals add to substrate in a pairwise fashion initiated by O-coordination to Al. The accessibility of this unusual mechanism is aided, in part, by the redox noninnocent nature of Ldipp that stabilizes the formally AlII intermediates, instead giving them predominantly AlIII-like physical character. The redox noninnocent nature of the radical intermediates was elucidated through direct observation of LdippAl(Me)(OCPh2) (22), a metalloradical species generated by addition of benzophenone to 2. Complex 22 was characterized by X-band EPR, Q-band EPR, and ENDOR spectroscopies as well as computational modeling. The "radical pair" pathway represents an unprecedented mechanism for CO2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Sinhababu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Maxim R Radzhabov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Neal P Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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24
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Semba K, Shimoura F, Nakao Y. Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterobimetallic Co-PAlP Pincer Complexes. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Semba
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510
| | - Fumiya Shimoura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510
| | - Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510
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25
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Escomel L, Soulé N, Robin E, Del Rosal I, Maron L, Jeanneau E, Thieuleux C, Camp C. Rational Preparation of Well-Defined Multinuclear Iridium–Aluminum Polyhydride Clusters and Comparative Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5715-5730. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léon Escomel
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Naïme Soulé
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Emmanuel Robin
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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26
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Boonpalit K, Uthayopas C, Surawatanawong P. Insights into H2 Activation and Styrene Hydrogenation by Nickel–Borane and Nickel–Alane Bifunctional Catalysts. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajjana Boonpalit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chayapat Uthayopas
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Panida Surawatanawong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Hara
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Semba
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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28
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Graziano BJ, Scott TR, Vollmer MV, Dorantes MJ, Young VG, Bill E, Gagliardi L, Lu CC. One-electron Bonds in Copper-Aluminum and Copper-Gallium Complexes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6525-6531. [PMID: 35756529 PMCID: PMC9176199 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Odd-electron bonds have unique electronic structures and are often encountered as transiently stable, homonuclear species. In this study, a pair of copper complexes supported by Group 13 metalloligands, M[N((o-C6H4)NCH2PiPr2)3] (M...
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J Graziano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Thais R Scott
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Searle Chemistry Laboratory 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Matthew V Vollmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Michael J Dorantes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Victor G Young
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstraβe 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Searle Chemistry Laboratory 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Connie C Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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29
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Xin T, Wang X, Yang K, Liang J, Huang W. Rare Earth Metal Complexes Supported by a Tripodal Tris(amido) Ligand System Featuring an Arene Anchor. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15321-15329. [PMID: 34569797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new tripodal tris(amido) ligand system featuring an arene anchor was developed and applied to the coordination chemistry of rare earth metals. Two tris(amido) ligands with a 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene backbone were prepared in two steps from commercially available reagents on a gram scale. Salt metathesis and alkane elimination reactions were exploited to prepare mononuclear rare earth metal complexes in moderate to good yields. For salt metathesis reactions, while metal tribromides yielded neutral metal tris(amido) complexes, metal trichlorides led to the formation of ate complexes with an additional chloride bound to the metal center. The new compounds were characterized by X-ray crystallography, elemental analysis, and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The rare earth metal complexes exhibit a trigonal planar coordination geometry for the [MN3] fragment in the solid state rather than a trigonal pyramidal geometry, commonly observed for rare earth metal tris(amido) complexes such as M[N(SiMe3)2]3. Moreover, the arene anchor of the tripodal ligands is engaged in a nonnegligible interaction with the rare earth metal ions. Density functional theory calculations were performed to gain insight into the bonding interactions between the tripodal ligands and the rare earth metal ions. While LUMOs of these rare earth metal complexes are mainly π* orbitals of the arene with a minor component of metal-based orbitals, HOMO-15 and HOMO-16 of a lanthanum complex show that the arene anchor serves as a π donor to the trivalent lanthanum ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansi Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Material Chemistry and Application, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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Taylor MG, Nandy A, Lu CC, Kulik HJ. Deciphering Cryptic Behavior in Bimetallic Transition-Metal Complexes with Machine Learning. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9812-9820. [PMID: 34597514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an alternative, data-driven approach to uncovering structure-property relationships for the rational design of heterobimetallic transition-metal complexes that exhibit metal-metal bonding. We tailor graph-based representations of the metal-local environment for these complexes for use in multiple linear regression and kernel ridge regression (KRR) models. We curate a set of 28 experimentally characterized complexes to develop a multiple linear regression model for oxidation potentials. We achieve good accuracy (mean absolute error of 0.25 V) and preserve transferability to unseen experimental data with a new ligand structure. We also train a KRR model on a subset of 330 structurally characterized heterobimetallics to predict the degree of metal-metal bonding. This KRR model predicts relative metal-metal bond lengths in the test set to within 5%, and analysis of key features reveals the fundamental atomic contributions (e.g., the valence electron configuration) that most strongly influence the behavior of these complexes. Our work provides guidance for rational bimetallic design, suggesting that properties, including the formal shortness ratio, should be transferable from one period to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aditya Nandy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Connie C Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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31
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Ghosh B, Fantuzzi F, Phukan AK. Understanding, Modulating, and Leveraging Transannular M → Z Interactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12790-12800. [PMID: 34424687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations have been performed on metallatranes featuring a group 13 elements at the bridgehead position to understand the factors that influence the nature of the M···Z (M = Fe, Co, Ni; Z = Al, Ga, In) interaction present in these complexes and the resultant reactivity at the metal center. The strength of the M···Z interaction increases with the increase in the size and polarizability of the bridgehead group 13 elements. The calculated reaction free energies (ΔG° values) for binding of different Lewis bases to the metallatranes are found to be significantly more exergonic for the larger In(III) ions. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules calculations reveal the covalent nature of the M···Z interactions, while the EDA-NOCV analysis indicates the strong binding ability of these metallatranes not only to different σ-donor and π-acceptor ligands but also to relatively inert species, such as N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoy Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ashwini K Phukan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
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32
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Lu B, Liang X, Zhang J, Wang Z, Peng Q, Wang X. Dirhodium(II)/Xantphos-Catalyzed Relay Carbene Insertion and Allylic Alkylation Process: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11799-11810. [PMID: 34296866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although dirhodium-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds, nucleophiles and electrophiles have achieved great advance in organic synthesis, the introduction of allylic moiety as the third component via allylic metal intermediate remains a formidable challenge in this area. Herein, an attractive three-component reaction of readily accessible amines, diazo compounds, and allylic compounds enabled by a novel dirhodium(II)/Xantphos catalysis is disclosed, affording various architecturally complex and functionally diverse α-quaternary α-amino acid derivatives in good yields with high atom and step economy. Mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation is achieved through a relay dirhodium(II)-catalyzed carbene insertion and allylic alkylation process, in which the catalytic properties of dirhodium are effectively modified by the coordination with Xantphos, leading to good activity in the catalytic allylic alkylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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33
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Sekar A, Paularokiadoss F, Immanuel S, Christopher Jeyakumar T. Chemistry of group-10 metals monohaloalumylene complexes [TM(CO)3AlX]: a DFT study. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-021-02801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Graziano BJ, Vollmer MV, Lu CC. Cooperative Bond Activation and Facile Intramolecular Aryl Transfer of Nickel–Aluminum Pincer‐type Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15087-15094. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J. Graziano
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Matthew V. Vollmer
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Connie C. Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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35
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Graziano BJ, Vollmer MV, Lu CC. Cooperative Bond Activation and Facile Intramolecular Aryl Transfer of Nickel–Aluminum Pincer‐type Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J. Graziano
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Matthew V. Vollmer
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Connie C. Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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36
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Nickel-aluminium pincer complexes undergo cooperative bond activation. Commun Chem 2021; 4:80. [PMID: 36697802 PMCID: PMC9814506 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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37
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Lai Q, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou J, Ozerov OV. Formation of an Ag→Al dative bond is avoided in reactions of an alane/tris(phosphine) ligand with monovalent silver. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5776-5778. [PMID: 33881441 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An alane/tris(phospine) ligand reacts with AgOTf by coordination of three phosphines to the Ag center and transfer of triflate to the tris(pyrrolyl) Al site. Reaction with Ag[HCB11Cl11] results in the coordination of two phosphines to Ag and one to Al, with no significant Ag-Al bonding in either structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingheng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Oleg V Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842, USA.
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Charles RM, Brewster TP. H 2 and carbon-heteroatom bond activation mediated by polarized heterobimetallic complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2021; 433:213765. [PMID: 35418712 PMCID: PMC9004596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of heterobimetallic chemistry has rapidly expanded over the last decade. In addition to their interesting structural features, heterobimetallic structures have been found to facilitate a range of stoichiometric bond activations and catalytic processes. The accompanying review summarizes advances in this area since January of 2010. The review encompasses well-characterized heterobimetallic complexes, with a particular focus on mechanistic details surrounding their reactivity applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Malcolm Charles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Smith Chemistry Building, Memphis, TN 38152, United States
| | - Timothy P Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Ave., Smith Chemistry Building, Memphis, TN 38152, United States
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39
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Escomel L, Del Rosal I, Maron L, Jeanneau E, Veyre L, Thieuleux C, Camp C. Strongly Polarized Iridium δ--Aluminum δ+ Pairs: Unconventional Reactivity Patterns Including CO 2 Cooperative Reductive Cleavage. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4844-4856. [PMID: 33735575 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The iridium tetrahydride complex Cp*IrH4 reacts with a range of isobutylaluminum derivatives of general formula Al(iBu)x(OAr)3-x (x = 1, 2) to give the unusual iridium aluminum species [Cp*IrH3Al(iBu)(OAr)] (1) via a reductive elimination route. The Lewis acidity of the Al atom in complex 1 is confirmed by the coordination of pyridine, leading to the adduct [Cp*IrH3Al(iBu)(OAr)(Py)] (2). Spectroscopic, crystallographic, and computational data support the description of these heterobimetallic complexes 1 and 2 as featuring strongly polarized Al(III)δ+-Ir(III)δ- interactions. Reactivity studies demonstrate that the binding of a Lewis base to Al does not quench the reactivity of the Ir-Al motif and that both species 1 and 2 promote the cooperative reductive cleavage of a range of heteroallenes. Specifically, complex 2 promotes the decarbonylation of CO2 and AdNCO, leading to CO (trapped as Cp*IrH2(CO)) and the alkylaluminum oxo ([(iBu)(OAr)Al(Py)]2(μ-O) (3)) and ureate ({Al(OAr)(iBu)[κ2-(N,O)AdNC(O)NHAd]} (4)) species, respectively. The bridged amidinate species Cp*IrH2(μ-CyNC(H)NCy)Al(iBu)(OAr) (5) is formed in the reaction of 2 with dicyclohexylcarbodiimine. Mechanistic investigations via DFT support cooperative heterobimetallic bond activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léon Escomel
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials, CP2M UMR 5128, Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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40
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Zhang L, Zhu Q, Gao L, Yang L, Li W, Li S, Zhu J, Wang W, Zeng G. Rational design of the nickel-borane complex for efficient hydrogenation of styrene. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:545-551. [PMID: 33421156 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Ni-B complex 1BCF with a facilely accessible monophosphine (Pt Bu3 ) unit was theoretically designed, which was found to be more active than that with an ambiphilic ligand for hydrogenation of styrene. Substituting Pt Bu3 with a stronger electron donating ligand N-heterocyclic carbene largely improves the activity of the Ni-B complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liuzhou Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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41
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Takebayashi S, Fayzullin RR. [Co(NHC)(CO) 3]: Isolation and Reactivity Study of a Model 17-Electron Species in the Oxo Process. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takebayashi
- Science and Technology Group, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
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42
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Fajardo J, Peters JC. Tripodal P 3XFe-N 2 Complexes (X = B, Al, Ga): Effect of the Apical Atom on Bonding, Electronic Structure, and Catalytic N 2-to-NH 3 Conversion. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1220-1227. [PMID: 33410667 PMCID: PMC8279418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Terminal dinitrogen complexes of iron ligated by tripodal, tetradentate P3X ligands (X = B, C, Si) have previously been shown to mediate catalytic N2-to-NH3 conversion (N2RR) with external proton and electron sources. From this set of compounds, the tris(phosphino)borane (P3B) system is most active under all conditions canvassed thus far. To further probe the effects of the apical Lewis acidic atom on structure, bonding, and N2RR activity, Fe-N2 complexes supported by analogous group 13 tris(phosphino)alane (P3Al) and tris(phosphino)gallane (P3Ga) ligands are synthesized. The series of P3XFe-N2[0/1-] compounds (X = B, Al, Ga) possess similar electronic structures, degrees of N2 activation, and geometric flexibility as determined from spectroscopic, structural, electrochemical, and computational (DFT) studies. However, treatment of [Na(12-crown-4)2][P3XFe-N2] (X = Al, Ga) with excess acid/reductant in the form of HBArF4/KC8 generates only 2.5 ± 0.1 and 2.7 ± 0.2 equiv of NH3 per Fe, respectively. Similarly, the use of [H2NPh2][OTf]/Cp*2Co leads to the production of 4.1 ± 0.9 (X = Al) and 3.6 ± 0.3 (X = Ga) equiv of NH3. Preliminary reactivity studies confirming P3XFe framework stability under pseudocatalytic conditions suggest that a greater selectivity for hydrogen evolution versus N2RR may be responsible for the attenuated yields of NH3 observed for P3AlFe and P3GaFe relative to P3BFe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fajardo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jonas C Peters
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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43
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Lai Q, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV. Unexpected B/Al Transelementation within a Rh Pincer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20920-20923. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingheng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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44
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Charles RM, Taylor NS, Mercado AA, Frost CE, Yokley TW, Eckenhoff WT, Schley ND, DeYonker NJ, Brewster TP. Systematic evaluation of the electronic effect of aluminum-containing ligands in iridium-aluminum and rhodium-aluminum bimetallic complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13029-13043. [PMID: 32915181 PMCID: PMC7530109 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
Pyridinemethanolate and oxyquinoline derivatives of previously reported late transition metal-aluminum heterobimetallic complexes containing iridium and rhodium have been synthesized and characterized. A combination of experimental and computational data permits a direct comparison of the electronic effects of each novel aluminum-containing ligand in our library on the late transition metal centers. Alongside electronic data of previously reported oxypyridine bridged systems, we conclude that the addition of a dialkylaluminum(X) (X = anion) fragment does not significantly perturb the electron donor ability of the bridging ligand. Anions bound to the aluminum are also shown to behave similarly. The overall library, thus, suggests that the best predictor of the electron donor ability of an alkylaluminum-containing ligand to a transition metal is the donor power of the bridging ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Malcolm Charles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA.
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45
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Prat JR, Gaggioli CA, Cammarota RC, Bill E, Gagliardi L, Lu CC. Bioinspired Nickel Complexes Supported by an Iron Metalloligand. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14251-14262. [PMID: 32954721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nature utilizes multimetallic sites in metalloenzymes to enable multielectron chemical transformations at ambient conditions and low overpotentials. One such example of multimetallic cooperativity can be found in the C-cluster of Ni-carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH), which interconverts CO and CO2. Toward a potential functional model of the C-cluster, a family of Ni-Fe bimetallic complexes was synthesized that contain direct metal-metal bonding interactions. The complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, various spectroscopies (NMR, EPR, UV-vis, Mössbauer), and theoretical calculations. The Ni-Fe bimetallic system has a reversible Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple at -2.10 V (vs Fc+/Fc). The Fe-based "redox switch" can turn on CO2 reactivity at the Ni(0) center by leveraging the Ni→Fe dative interaction to attenuate the Ni(0) electron density. The reduced Ni(0)Fe(II) species mediated the formal two-electron reduction of CO2 to CO, providing a Ni-CO adduct and CO32- as products. During the reaction, an intermediate was observed that is proposed to be a Ni-CO2 species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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46
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Takaya J. Catalysis using transition metal complexes featuring main group metal and metalloid compounds as supporting ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1964-1981. [PMID: 34163959 PMCID: PMC8179324 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04238b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent development in catalytic application of transition metal complexes having an M-E bond (E = main group metal or metalloid element), which is stabilized by a multidentate ligand, is summarized. Main group metal and metalloid supporting ligands furnish unusual electronic and steric environments and molecular functions to transition metals, which are not easily available with standard organic supporting ligands such as phosphines and amines. These characteristics often realize remarkable catalytic activity, unique product selectivity, and new molecular transformations. This perspective demonstrates the promising utility of main group metal and metalloid compounds as a new class of supporting ligands for transition metal catalysts in synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Takaya
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
- JST, PRESTO Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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Abstract
Activation of dinitrogen plays an important role in daily anthropogenic life, and the processes by which this fixation occurs have been a longstanding and significant research focus within the community. One of the major fields of dinitrogen activation research is the use of multimetallic compounds to reduce and/or activate N2 into a more useful nitrogen-atom source, such as ammonia. Here we report a comprehensive review of multimetallic-dinitrogen complexes and their utility toward N2 activation, beginning with the d-block metals from Group 4 to Group 11, then extending to Group 13 (which is exclusively populated by B complexes), and finally the rare-earth and actinide species. The review considers all polynuclear metal aggregates containing two or more metal centers in which dinitrogen is coordinated or activated (i.e., partial or complete cleavage of the N2 triple bond in the observed product). Our survey includes complexes in which mononuclear N2 complexes are used as building blocks to generate homo- or heteromultimetallic dinitrogen species, which allow one to evaluate the potential of heterometallic species for dinitrogen activation. We highlight some of the common trends throughout the periodic table, such as the differences between coordination modes as it relates to N2 activation and potential functionalization and the effect of polarizing the bridging N2 ligand by employing different metal ions of differing Lewis acidities. By providing this comprehensive treatment of polynuclear metal dinitrogen species, this Review aims to outline the past and provide potential future directions for continued research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devender Singh
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - William R. Buratto
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Juan F. Torres
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Leslie J. Murray
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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48
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Fujii I, Semba K, Li QZ, Sakaki S, Nakao Y. Magnesiation of Aryl Fluorides Catalyzed by a Rhodium–Aluminum Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11647-11652. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuya Fujii
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Semba
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Qiao-Zhi Li
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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49
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Charles RM, Tupkar H, Helland SD, Mercado AA, Eckenhoff WT, Schley ND, DeYonker NJ, Brewster TP. Synthesis and Electronic Characterization of Iridium‐Aluminum and Rhodium‐Aluminum Heterobimetallic Complexes Bridged by 3‐Oxypyridine and 4‐Oxypyridine. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Malcolm Charles
- Department of Chemistry The University of Memphis 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building 38152 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Hrishikesh Tupkar
- Department of Chemistry The University of Memphis 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building 38152 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Sarah D. Helland
- Department of Chemistry Rhodes College 2000 N. Parkway 38112 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Angel A. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry The University of Memphis 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building 38152 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - William T. Eckenhoff
- Department of Chemistry Rhodes College 2000 N. Parkway 38112 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Nathan D. Schley
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University 37235 Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Nathan J. DeYonker
- Department of Chemistry The University of Memphis 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building 38152 Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Timothy P. Brewster
- Department of Chemistry The University of Memphis 3744 Walker Avenue, Smith Chemistry Building 38152 Memphis Tennessee USA
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50
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Zhang Y, Chen ZN, Zhang X, Deng X, Zhuang W, Su W. Iodide-enhanced palladium catalysis via formation of iodide-bridged binuclear palladium complex. Commun Chem 2020; 3:41. [PMID: 36703411 PMCID: PMC9814094 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metalloenzymes with multinuclear metal complexes in their active sites inspires chemists' interest in the development of multinuclear catalysts. Studies in this area commonly focus on binuclear catalysts containing either metal-metal bond or electronically discrete, conformationally advantageous metal centres connected by multidentate ligands, while in many multinuclear metalloenzymes the metal centres are bridged through μ2-ligands without a metal-metal bond. We report herein a μ2-iodide-bridged binuclear palladium catalyst which accelerates the C-H nitrosation/annulation reaction and significantly enhances its yield compared with palladium acetate catalyst. The superior activity of this binuclear palladium catalyst is attributed to the trans effect-relay through the iodide bridge from one palladium sphere to the other palladium sphere, which facilitates dissociation of the stable six-membered chelating ring in palladium intermediate and accelerates the catalytic cycle. Such a trans effect-relay represents a bimetallic cooperation mode and may open an avenue to design and develop multinuclear catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfei Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China
| | - Zhe-Ning Chen
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China
| | - Xi Deng
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China
| | - Weiping Su
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002 PR China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
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