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De Kreijger S, Cauët E, Elias B, Troian-Gautier L. Synthesis of Ru(II) and Os(II) photosensitizers bearing one 9,10-diamino-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene scaffold. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10270-10284. [PMID: 38829264 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of eight Ru(II) and Os(II) photosensitizers bearing a common 9,10-disubstituted-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene backbone is reported. With Os(II) photosensitizers, the 9,10-diNH2-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene could be directly chelated onto the metal center via the heteroaromatic moiety, whereas similar conditions using Ru(II) resulted in the formation of an o-quinonediimine derivative. Hence, an alternative route, proceeding via the chelation of 9-NH2-10-NO2-1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and subsequent ligand reduction of the corresponding photosensitizers was developed. Photosensitizers chelated via the polypyridyl-type moiety exhibited classical photophysical properties whereas the o-quinonediimine chelated Ru(II) analogues exhibited red-shifted absorption (520 nm) and no photoluminescence at room temperature in acetonitrile. The most promising photosensitizers were investigated for excited-state quenching with guanosine-5'-monophosphate in aqueous buffered conditions where reductive excited-state electron transfer was observed by nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon De Kreijger
- UCLouvain, Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1/L4.01.02, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Emilie Cauët
- Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (CP 160/09), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, CP160/09, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Elias
- UCLouvain, Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1/L4.01.02, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- UCLouvain, Institut de la Matière Condensée et des Nanosciences (IMCN), Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis (MOST), Place Louis Pasteur 1/L4.01.02, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
- Wel Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur 6, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
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2
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Ragone F, Yañuk JG, Cabrerizo FM, Prieto E, Wolcan E, Ruiz GT. DNA structural changes (photo)induced by tricarbonyl (pterin)rhenium(I) complex. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 252:112471. [PMID: 38181612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
We report on interactions of different types of DNA molecules including double-stranded and plasmid DNA as well as polynucleotides (poly[dGdC]2 and poly[dAdT]2) with fac-[ReI(CO)3(pterin)(H2O)] (or Reptr) complex. The interaction was characterized spectroscopically and changes in the plasmid structure were verified by both electrophoresis and AFM microscopy. For comparative reasons, two others related tricarbonyl rhenium(I) complexes, fac-[(4,4'-bpy)ReI(CO)3(dppz)]+ (or Redppz) and fac-[(CF3SO3)ReI(CO)3(2,2'-bpy)] (or Rebpy) were also studied to further explore the influence of the different co-ligands on the interaction and DNA (photo)damage. Data reported herein suggests that DNA molecules can be structurally modified either by direct interaction with Re(I) complexes in their ground states inducing DNA relaxation, and/or through photoinduced cross-linking processes. The chemical nature of the co-ligands modulates the extent of the damage observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ragone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA, UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, Sucursal 4, C.C. 16, (B1906ZAA) La Plata, Argentina
| | - J G Yañuk
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.2, CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina; Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Argentina
| | - F M Cabrerizo
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.2, CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina; Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), Argentina.
| | - E Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA, UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, Sucursal 4, C.C. 16, (B1906ZAA) La Plata, Argentina; ICS-UNAJ, Avenida Calchaqui 6200 Florencio Varela, Argentina
| | - E Wolcan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA, UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, Sucursal 4, C.C. 16, (B1906ZAA) La Plata, Argentina
| | - G T Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA, UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, Sucursal 4, C.C. 16, (B1906ZAA) La Plata, Argentina.
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3
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Mansour N, Mehanna S, Bodman-Smith K, Daher CF, Khnayzer RS. A Ru(II)-Strained Complex with 2,9-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Ligand Induces Selective Photoactivatable Chemotherapeutic Activity on Human Alveolar Carcinoma Cells via Apoptosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:50. [PMID: 38256884 PMCID: PMC10819265 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
[Ru(bipy)2(dpphen)]Cl2 (where bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine and dpphen = 2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) (complex 1) is a sterically strained compound that exhibits promising in vitro photocytotoxicity on an array of cell lines. Since lung adenocarcinoma cancer remains the most common lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths, the current study aims to evaluate the plausible effect and uptake of complex 1 on human alveolar carcinoma cells (A549) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and assess its cytotoxicity in vitro while considering its effect on cell morphology, membrane integrity and DNA damage. MSC and A549 cells showed similar rates of complex 1 uptake with a plateau at 12 h. Upon photoactivation, complex 1 exhibited selective, potent anticancer activity against A549 cells with phototoxicity index (PI) values of 16, 25 and 39 at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. This effect was accompanied by a significant increase in A549-cell rounding and detachment, loss of membrane integrity and DNA damage. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that A549 cells undergo apoptosis when treated with complex 1 followed by photoactivation. In conclusion, this present study suggests that complex 1 might be a promising candidate for photochemotherapy with photoproducts that possess selective anticancer effects in vitro. These results are encouraging to probe the potential activity of this complex in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa Mansour
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon; (N.M.); (S.M.); (C.F.D.)
| | - Stephanie Mehanna
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon; (N.M.); (S.M.); (C.F.D.)
| | - Kikki Bodman-Smith
- Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
| | - Costantine F. Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon; (N.M.); (S.M.); (C.F.D.)
| | - Rony S. Khnayzer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon; (N.M.); (S.M.); (C.F.D.)
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4
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Bai H, Gong W, Pang Y, Shi C, Zhang Z, Guo L, Li Y, Guo L, Wang W, Wang H. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and biomacromolecule binding: Three isomers of nitrosylruthenium complexes with bidentate bioactive molecules as co-ligands. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125009. [PMID: 37245757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Three isomeric nitrosylruthenium complexes [RuNO(Qn)(PZA)Cl] (P1, P2, and P3) with bioactive small molecules 8-hydroxyquinoline (Qn) and pyrazinamide (PZA) as co-ligands were synthesized, and their crystal structures were determined using X-ray diffraction technique. The cellular toxicity of the isomeric complexes was compared to understand the effects of the geometries on the biological activity of the complexes. Both the complexes and the human serum albumin (HSA) complex adducts affected the extent of proliferation of HeLa cells (IC50: 0.77-1.45 μM). P2 showed prominent activity-induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycles at the G1 phase. The binding constants (Kb) of the complex with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and HSA were quantitatively evaluated using fluorescence spectroscopy in the range of 0.17-1.56 × 104 M-1 and 0.88-3.21 × 105 M-1, respectively. The average binding site (n) number was close to 1. Moreover, the structure of HSA and the P2 complex adduct solved at the resolution of 2.48 Å revealed that one PZA-coordinated nitrosylruthenium complex bound at the subdomain I of HSA via a noncoordinative bond. HSA could serve as a potential nano-delivery system. This study provides a framework for the rational design of metal-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehe Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yating Pang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chaoyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lili Guo
- The Fifth Hospital (Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- The Fifth Hospital (Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Lili Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Wenming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hongfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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5
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Dröge F, Noakes FF, Archer SA, Sreedharan S, Raza A, Robertson CC, MacNeil S, Haycock JW, Carson H, Meijer AJHM, Smythe CGW, Bernardino de la Serna J, Dietzek-Ivanšić B, Thomas JA. A Dinuclear Osmium(II) Complex Near-Infrared Nanoscopy Probe for Nuclear DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20442-20453. [PMID: 34808044 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing photostable near-infrared cell imaging probes, a convenient route to the synthesis of heteroleptic OsII complexes containing the Os(TAP)2 fragment is reported. This method was used to synthesize the dinuclear OsII complex, [{Os(TAP)2}2tpphz]4+ (where tpphz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3″,2''-h:2‴,3'''-j]phenazine and TAP = 1,4,5,8- tetraazaphenanthrene). Using a combination of resonance Raman and time-resolved absorption spectroscopy, as well as computational studies, the excited state dynamics of the new complex were dissected. These studies revealed that, although the complex has several close lying excited states, its near-infrared, NIR, emission (λmax = 780 nm) is due to a low-lying Os → TAP based 3MCLT state. Cell-based studies revealed that unlike its RuII analogue, the new complex is neither cytotoxic nor photocytotoxic. However, as it is highly photostable as well as live-cell permeant and displays NIR luminescence within the biological optical window, its properties make it an ideal probe for optical microscopy, demonstrated by its use as a super-resolution NIR STED probe for nuclear DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dröge
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Institute of Photonic Technology Jena e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell-Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Institute of Photonic Technology Jena e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07749 Jena, Germany
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6
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Lechner VM, Nappi M, Deneny PJ, Folliet S, Chu JCK, Gaunt MJ. Visible-Light-Mediated Modification and Manipulation of Biomacromolecules. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1752-1829. [PMID: 34546740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemically modified biomacromolecules-i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, glycans, and lipids-have become crucial tools in chemical biology. They are extensively used not only to elucidate cellular processes but also in industrial applications, particularly in the context of biopharmaceuticals. In order to enable maximum scope for optimization, it is pivotal to have a diverse array of biomacromolecule modification methods at one's disposal. Chemistry has driven many significant advances in this area, and especially recently, numerous novel visible-light-induced photochemical approaches have emerged. In these reactions, light serves as an external source of energy, enabling access to highly reactive intermediates under exceedingly mild conditions and with exquisite spatiotemporal control. While UV-induced transformations on biomacromolecules date back decades, visible light has the unmistakable advantage of being considerably more biocompatible, and a spectrum of visible-light-driven methods is now available, chiefly for proteins and nucleic acids. This review will discuss modifications of native functional groups (FGs), including functionalization, labeling, and cross-linking techniques as well as the utility of oxidative degradation mediated by photochemically generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, transformations at non-native, bioorthogonal FGs on biomacromolecules will be addressed, including photoclick chemistry and DNA-encoded library synthesis as well as methods that allow manipulation of the activity of a biomacromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M Lechner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Nappi
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Deneny
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Folliet
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - John C K Chu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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7
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Liu XW, Liu NY, Deng YQ, Wang S, Liu T, Tang YC, Chen YD, Lu JL. Anticancer activity, topoisomerase I inhibition, DNA ‘light switch’ behavior and molecular docking of two ruthenium complexes containing phenazine ring. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5953-5962. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wen Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning-Yi Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Deng
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Yu-Cai Tang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Dao Chen
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Ji-Lin Lu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for the Construction &Development of Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Treatment Functional Materials, Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electroplating Waste water Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Abstract
Retroviral integration, the process of covalently inserting viral DNA into the host genome, is a point of no return in the replication cycle. Yet, strand transfer is intrinsically iso-energetic and it is not clear how efficient integration can be achieved. Here we investigate the dynamics of strand transfer and demonstrate that consecutive nucleoprotein intermediates interacting with a supercoiled target are increasingly stable, resulting in a net forward rate. Multivalent target interactions at discrete auxiliary interfaces render target capture irreversible, while allowing dynamic site selection. Active site binding is transient but rapidly results in strand transfer, which in turn rearranges and stabilizes the intasome in an allosteric manner. We find the resulting strand transfer complex to be mechanically stable and extremely long-lived, suggesting that a resolving agent is required in vivo.
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Vanderlinden W, Kolbeck PJ, Frederickx W, Konrad SF, Nicolaus T, Lampe C, Urban AS, Moucheron C, Lipfert J. Ru(TAP)32+ uses multivalent binding to accelerate and constrain photo-adduct formation on DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8764-8767. [PMID: 31139806 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02838b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ru(ii)-complexes with polyazaaromatic ligands can undergo direct electron transfer with guanine nucleobases on blue light excitation that results in DNA lesions with phototherapeutic potential. Here we use single molecule approaches to demonstrate DNA binding mode heterogeneity and evaluate how multivalent binding governs the photochemistry of [Ru(TAP)3]2+ (TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Vanderlinden
- Department of Physics, Nanosystems Initiative Munich, and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich, Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 Munich, Germany
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10
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Jia T, Chen ZH, Guo P, Yu J. An insight into DNA binding properties of newly designed cationic δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles: Spectroscopy, AFM imaging and living cells staining studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 211:260-271. [PMID: 30557843 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two cationic δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles, 1‑Methyl‑5H‑pyrrolo[3,2‑b:4,5‑b']dipyridinium iodide (MPDPI) and 1,5‑Dimethyl‑5H‑pyrrolo[3,2‑b:4,5‑b']dipyridinium iodide (DPDPI), were devised and synthesized. Through characterizations of the interactions between DNA and the two δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles by various spectroscopy means, the strong interactions between the two compounds and double-strand DNA have been observed and the interaction types and mechanisms were explored. UV-Vis and fluorescent data have shown the big changes of DNA in the presence of either of the two compounds, demonstrating that both of the δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles can bind to DNA tightly, and high ionic strength decreased the intercalative interactions. The UV-Vis and fluorescence of dsDNA in the presence of DPDPI showed more profound changes than those in the presence of MPDPI, due to CH3 (in the structure of DPDPI) taking place of H (in the structure of MPDPI) at the position of 5‑NH. And the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of CT-DNA and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results indicated more compacted conformation of DNA in the presence of DPDPI than MPDPI, implying that DPDPI has a more significant effect on DNA conformations than MPDPI. Most interestingly, fluorescence enhancement of cationic δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles occurred in the presence of DNA. With ionic strength increasing, the intercalative interactions between δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles and DNA were weakened, but δ,δ'‑diazacarbazoles-DNA complexes showed enhanced fluorescence, which indicated that there are other interactions present at high ionic strength. Furthermore, laser confocal fluorescence microscopy results proved that DPDPI was membrane-permeable and stained living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Peng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Junping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
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11
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Burke CS, Byrne A, Keyes TE. Targeting Photoinduced DNA Destruction by Ru(II) Tetraazaphenanthrene in Live Cells by Signal Peptide. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6945-6955. [PMID: 29767962 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting NF-κB transcription factor peptide conjugation, a Ru(II)-bis-tap complex (tap = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) was targeted specifically to the nuclei of live HeLa and CHO cells for the first time. DNA binding of the complex within the nucleus of live cells was evident from gradual extinction of the metal complex luminescence after it had crossed the nuclear envelope, attributed to guanine quenching of the ruthenium emission via photoinduced electron transfer. Resonance Raman imaging confirmed that the complex remained in the nucleus after emission is extinguished. In the dark and under imaging conditions the cells remain viable, but efficient cellular destruction was induced with precise spatiotemporal control by applying higher irradiation intensities to selected cells. Solution studies indicate that the peptide conjugated complex associates strongly with calf thymus DNA ex-cellulo and gel electrophoresis confirmed that the peptide conjugate is capable of singlet oxygen independent photodamage to plasmid DNA. This indicates that the observed efficient cellular destruction likely operates via direct DNA oxidation by photoinduced electron transfer between guanine and the precision targeted Ru(II)-tap probe. The discrete targeting of polyazaaromatic complexes to the cell nucleus and confirmation that they are photocytotoxic after nuclear delivery is an important step toward their application in cellular phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Burke
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Aisling Byrne
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Tia E Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin 9 , Ireland
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12
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Frederickx W, Rocha S, Fujita Y, Kennes K, De Keersmaecker H, De Feyter S, Uji-I H, Vanderlinden W. Orthogonal Probing of Single-Molecule Heterogeneity by Correlative Fluorescence and Force Microscopy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:168-177. [PMID: 29257876 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Correlative imaging by fluorescence and force microscopy is an emerging technology to acquire orthogonal information at the nanoscale. Whereas atomic force microscopy excels at resolving the envelope structure of nanoscale specimens, fluorescence microscopy can detect specific molecular labels, which enables the unambiguous recognition of molecules in a complex assembly. Whereas correlative imaging at the micrometer scale has been established, it remains challenging to push the technology to the single-molecule level. Here, we used an integrated setup to systematically evaluate the factors that influence the quality of correlative fluorescence and force microscopy. Optimized data processing to ensure accurate drift correction and high localization precision results in image registration accuracies of ∼25 nm on organic fluorophores, which represents a 2-fold improvement over the state of the art in correlative fluorescence and force microscopy. Furthermore, we could extend the Atto532 fluorophore bleaching time ∼2-fold, by chemical modification of the supporting mica surface. In turn, this enables probing the composition of macromolecular complexes by stepwise photobleaching with high confidence. We demonstrate the performance of our method by resolving the stoichiometry of molecular subpopulations in a heterogeneous EcoRV-DNA nucleoprotein ensemble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wout Frederickx
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susana Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yasuhiko Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Kennes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Herlinde De Keersmaecker
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hiroshi Uji-I
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Nanomaterials and Nanoscopy, Hokkaido University , Kita 10 Nishi 20, North Ward, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Willem Vanderlinden
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Physics, Nanosystems Initiative Munich, and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich , Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 Munich, Germany
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13
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Lauer MH, Vranken C, Deen J, Frederickx W, Vanderlinden W, Wand N, Leen V, Gehlen MH, Hofkens J, Neely RK. Methyltransferase-directed covalent coupling of fluorophores to DNA. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3804-3811. [PMID: 28580113 PMCID: PMC5436541 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04229e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient DNA labelling using an enzymatically-directed, strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition.
We report an assay for determining the number of fluorophores conjugated to single plasmid DNA molecules and apply this to compare the efficiency of fluorophore coupling strategies for covalent DNA labelling. We compare a copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction, amine to N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester coupling reaction and strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction for fluorescent DNA labelling. We found increased labelling efficiency going from the amine to N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester coupling reaction to the copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition and found the highest degree of DNA labelling with the strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction. We also examined the effect of labelling on the DNA structure using atomic force microscopy. We observe no distortions or damage to the DNA that was labeled using the amine to N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester and strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition coupling reactions. This was in contrast to the copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction, which, despite the use of copper-coordinating ligands in the labelling mixture, leads to some structural DNA damage (single-stranded DNA breaks).
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Helmer Lauer
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium.,Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos , University of São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Charlotte Vranken
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Jochem Deen
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Wout Frederickx
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Willem Vanderlinden
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Nathaniel Wand
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham B15 2TT , UK .
| | - Volker Leen
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Marcelo H Gehlen
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos , University of São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Robert K Neely
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham B15 2TT , UK .
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14
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Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Tian N, Li C, Wang X. Ru(II)-Complex-Based DNA Photocleaver Having Intense Absorption in the Phototherapeutic Window. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1865-1873. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Na Tian
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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15
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Kajouj S, Marcélis L, Lemaur V, Beljonne D, Moucheron C. Photochemistry of ruthenium(ii) complexes based on 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene and 2,2′-bipyrazine: a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6623-6633. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00620a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive study of ruthenium complexes based on 2,2′-bipyrazine and 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene, which can be used as photoreactive materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kajouj
- Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry
- Université Libre de Bruxelles
- (U. L. B.)
- Bruxelles
- Belgium
| | - Lionel Marcélis
- Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry
- Université Libre de Bruxelles
- (U. L. B.)
- Bruxelles
- Belgium
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials
- University of Mons (UMons)
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials
- University of Mons (UMons)
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry
- Université Libre de Bruxelles
- (U. L. B.)
- Bruxelles
- Belgium
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16
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Moilanen JO, Chilton NF, Day BM, Pugh T, Layfield RA. Strong Exchange Coupling in a Trimetallic Radical-Bridged Cobalt(II)-Hexaazatrinaphthylene Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5521-5. [PMID: 26997130 PMCID: PMC5071680 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reducing hexaazatrinaphthylene (HAN) with potassium in the presence of 18-c-6 produces [{K(18-c-6)}HAN], which contains the S=1/2 radical [HAN](.-) . The [HAN](.-) radical can be transferred to the cobalt(II) amide [Co{N(SiMe3 )2 }2 ], forming [K(18-c-6)][(HAN){Co(N'')2 }3 ]; magnetic measurements on this compound reveal an S=4 spin system with strong cobalt-ligand antiferromagnetic exchange and J≈-290 cm(-1) (-2 J formalism). In contrast, the Co(II) centres in the unreduced analogue [(HAN){Co(N'')2 }3 ] are weakly coupled (J≈-4.4 cm(-1) ). The finding that [HAN](.-) can be synthesized as a stable salt and transferred to cobalt introduces potential new routes to magnetic materials based on strongly coupled, triangular HAN building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani O Moilanen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskala, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyvaskala, Finland
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Benjamin M Day
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Thomas Pugh
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard A Layfield
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Zheng Y, Li K, Jiang G, Hou Y, Zhang B, Wang X. DNA Photocleavage by Non-innocent Ligand-Based Ru(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:4296-300. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guoyu Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yuanjun Hou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Baowen Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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18
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Moilanen JO, Chilton NF, Day BM, Pugh T, Layfield RA. Strong Exchange Coupling in a Trimetallic Radical‐Bridged Cobalt(II)‐Hexaazatrinaphthylene Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jani O. Moilanen
- School of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskala P.O. Box 35 40014 Jyvaskala Finland
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- School of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Benjamin M. Day
- School of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Thomas Pugh
- School of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Richard A. Layfield
- School of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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19
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Force sensing by the vascular protein von Willebrand factor is tuned by a strong intermonomer interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1208-13. [PMID: 26787887 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1516214113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The large plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) senses hydrodynamic forces in the bloodstream and responds to elevated forces with abrupt elongation, thereby increasing its adhesiveness to platelets and collagen. Remarkably, forces on VWF are elevated at sites of vascular injury, where VWF's hemostatic potential is important to mediate platelet aggregation and to recruit platelets to the subendothelial layer. Adversely, elevated forces in stenosed vessels lead to an increased risk of VWF-mediated thrombosis. To dissect the remarkable force-sensing ability of VWF, we have performed atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based single-molecule force measurements on dimers, the smallest repeating subunits of VWF multimers. We have identified a strong intermonomer interaction that involves the D4 domain and critically depends on the presence of divalent ions, consistent with results from small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Dissociation of this strong interaction occurred at forces above [Formula: see text]50 pN and provided [Formula: see text]80 nm of additional length to the elongation of dimers. Corroborated by the static conformation of VWF, visualized by AFM imaging, we estimate that in VWF multimers approximately one-half of the constituent dimers are firmly closed via the strong intermonomer interaction. As firmly closed dimers markedly shorten VWF's effective length contributing to force sensing, they can be expected to tune VWF's sensitivity to hydrodynamic flow in the blood and to thereby significantly affect VWF's function in hemostasis and thrombosis.
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20
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Martínez-Calvo M, Orange KN, Elmes RBP, la Cour Poulsen B, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T. Ru(II)-polypyridyl surface functionalised gold nanoparticles as DNA targeting supramolecular structures and luminescent cellular imaging agents. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:563-74. [PMID: 26647086 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05598a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of Ru(II) functionalized gold nanoparticles 1–3·AuNP is described. These systems were found to be mono-disperse with a hydrodynamic radius of ca. 15 nm in water but gave rise to the formation of higher order structures in buffered solution. The interaction of 1–3·AuNP with DNA was also studied by spectroscopic and microscopic methods and suggested the formation of large self-assembly structures in solution. The uptake of 1–3·AuNP by cancer cells was studied using both confocal fluorescence as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the aim of investigating their potential as tools for cellular biology. These systems displaying a non-toxic profile with favourable photophysical properties may have application across various biological fields including diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Kim N Orange
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Bjørn la Cour Poulsen
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - D Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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21
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Li G, Sun L, Ji L, Chao H. Ruthenium(ii) complexes with dppz: from molecular photoswitch to biological applications. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13261-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01624c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present article describes the recent advances in biological applications of the Ru-dppz systems in DNA binding, cellular imaging, anticancer drugs, phototherapy, protein aggregation detecting and chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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22
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Swavey S, Wang M. Bimetallic ruthenium(II) bridged by a dypyrromethene chromophore: DNA binding and light driven reactions within the photodynamic therapy window. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Moilanen JO, Day BM, Pugh T, Layfield RA. Open-shell doublet character in a hexaazatrinaphthylene trianion complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11478-81. [PMID: 26088395 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-electron reduction of hexaazatrinaphthylene (HAN) with a magnesium(I) reagent leads to [(HAN){Mg(nacnac)}3] (1), containing a [HAN](3-) ligand with a spin of S = 1/2. Ab initio calculations reveal that the [HAN](3-) ligand in 1 has a ground-state wave function with multiconfigurational properties, and can be described as a triradicaloid species with a small amount of open-shell doublet character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani O Moilanen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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24
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Hall JP, Beer H, Buchner K, Cardin DJ, Cardin CJ. The Structural Effect of Methyl Substitution on the Binding of Polypyridyl Ru–dppz Complexes to DNA. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om501208x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James P. Hall
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, U.K
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Hanna Beer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Katrin Buchner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - David J. Cardin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Christine J. Cardin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AD, U.K
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25
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Mari C, Pierroz V, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Combination of Ru(ii) complexes and light: new frontiers in cancer therapy. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2660-2686. [PMID: 29308166 PMCID: PMC5639435 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synergistic action of light, oxygen and a photosensitizer (PS) has found applications for decades in medicine under the name of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of skin diseases and, more recently, for the treatment of cancer. However, of the thirteen PSs currently approved for the treatment of cancer over more than 10 countries, only two contain a metal ion. This fact is rather surprising considering that nowadays around 50% of conventional chemotherapies involve the use of cisplatin and other platinum-containing drugs. In this perspective article, we review the opportunities brought by the use of Ru(ii) complexes as PSs in PDT. In addition, we also present the recent achievements in the application of Ru(ii) complexes in photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT). In this strategy, the presence of oxygen is not required to achieve cell toxicity. This is of significance since tumors are generally hypoxic. Importantly, this perspective article focuses particularly on the Ru(ii) complexes for which an in vitro biological evaluation has been performed and the mechanism of action (partially) unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mari
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , CH-8057 Zurich , Switzerland . ; http://www.gassergroup.com ; ; Tel: +41 44 635 4630
| | - Vanessa Pierroz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , CH-8057 Zurich , Switzerland . ; http://www.gassergroup.com ; ; Tel: +41 44 635 4630
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , CH-8057 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , CH-8057 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , CH-8057 Zurich , Switzerland . ; http://www.gassergroup.com ; ; Tel: +41 44 635 4630
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26
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Swavey S, DeBeer M, Li K. Photoinduced Interactions of Supramolecular Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Plasmid DNA: Synthesis and Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and DNA Photocleavage Studies. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:3139-47. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502340p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Swavey
- SupraMolecular Applied Research
and Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2357, United States
| | - Madeleine DeBeer
- SupraMolecular Applied Research
and Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2357, United States
| | - Kaiyu Li
- SupraMolecular Applied Research
and Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, Ohio 45469-2357, United States
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27
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Marcélis L, Rebarz M, Lemaur V, Fron E, De Winter J, Moucheron C, Gerbaux P, Beljonne D, Sliwa M, Kirsch-De Mesmaeker A. Photoaddition of two guanine bases to single Ru-TAP complexes. Computational studies and ultrafast spectroscopies to elucidate the pH dependence of primary processes. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4488-500. [PMID: 25747733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The covalent photoadduct (PA) between [Ru(TAP)3](2+) (TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP) opened the way to interesting photobiological applications. In this context, the PA's capability upon illumination to give rise to the addition of a second guanine base is especially interesting. The origins of these intriguing properties are for the first time thoroughly investigated by an experimental and theoretical approach. The PA's spectroscopic and redox data combined with TDDFT results corroborated with resonance Raman data show that the properties of this PA (pKa around 7) depend on the solution pH. Theoretical results indicate that the acid form PA.H(+) when excited should relax to MLCT (metal-to-ligand charge transfer) excited states, in contrast to the basic form PA whose excited state should have LLCT/ILCT (ligand-to-ligand charge transfer/intra ligand charge transfer) characteristics. Ultrafast excitation of PA.H(+) at pH 5.9 produces continuous dynamic processes in a few hundred picoseconds involving coupled proton-electron transfers responsible for luminescence quenching. Long-lived species of a few microseconds capable of reacting with GMP are produced at that pH, in agreement with the formation of covalent addition of a second GMP to PA, as shown by mass spectrometry results. In contrast, at pH 8 (mainly nonprotonated PA), other ultrafast transient species are detected and no GMP biadduct is formed in the presence of GMP. This pH dependence of photoreaction can be rationalized with the different nature of the excited states, thus at pH 8, unreactive LLCT/ILCT states and at pH 5.9 reactive MLCT states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Marcélis
- §Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 160/08, 50 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mateusz Rebarz
- †Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman UMR 8516, CNRS-Université Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- ‡Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, UMons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Eduard Fron
- @Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KULeuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- ∥Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Mons, UMons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- §Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 160/08, 50 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gerbaux
- ∥Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Mons, UMons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- ‡Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, UMons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Michel Sliwa
- †Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman UMR 8516, CNRS-Université Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Andrée Kirsch-De Mesmaeker
- §Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 160/08, 50 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Zheng Y, Zhou Q, Lei W, Hou Y, Li K, Chen Y, Zhang B, Wang X. DNA photocleavage in anaerobic conditions by a Ru(ii) complex: a new mechanism. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:428-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06552b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced homolytic cleavage of the Ru–O bond of a novel Ru(ii) complex leads to formation of ligand-based reactive radicals capable of breaking DNA in an oxygen-dependent manner and Ru fragments capable of binding DNA covalently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Wanhua Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanjun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Baowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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Jia T, Wang J, Guo P, Yu J. Characterizations of cationic γ-carbolines binding with double-stranded DNA by spectroscopic methods and AFM imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 13:1234-42. [PMID: 25434722 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Two cationic γ-carbolines, 2-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indolium iodide (MPII) and 2,5-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indolium iodide (DPII), were synthesized, and the DNA-binding properties of the cationic γ-carbolines were elucidated. Through a series of experiments, we proved that the two cationic γ-carbolines could strongly interact with DNA by intercalative binding. However, DPII, with a methyl group substituting H atom of 5-NH, has shown a stronger intercalative interaction with DNA compared to MPII. The dissociation of H from the 5-NH of MPII resulted in better water solubility and less binding affinity to DNA. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of pBR322 showed that both MPII and DPII strongly interacted with DNA and induced conformational changes in DNA. Moreover, the CT-DNA circular dichroism (CD) spectra changes and the statistics of the node numbers of pBR322 in AFM images indicated that MPII had more profound effects on DNA conformations compared to DPII. Furthermore, our studies have shown that the interactions between cationic γ-carbolines and DNA were sensitive to ionic strength. Increased ionic strength in the buffer caused the DNA helix to shrink, and the base stacking would be more compact, which resulted in minimal intercalation of cationic γ-carbolines into DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
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Miao TF, Li J, Li S, Wang NL. Theoretical Studies on DNA-Photocleavage Efficiency and Mechanism of Functionalized Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5692-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp502937b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Fang Miao
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na-Li Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao Y, Farrer NJ, Li H, Butler JS, McQuitty RJ, Habtemariam A, Wang F, Sadler PJ. De novo generation of singlet oxygen and ammine ligands by photoactivation of a platinum anticancer complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13633-7. [PMID: 24167018 PMCID: PMC4230391 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Worth the excitement: Highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are generated by photoactivation of the anticancer platinum(IV) complex trans,trans,trans-[Pt(N3 )2 (OH)2 (MA)(Py)] (MA=methylamine, Py=pyridine). Singlet oxygen is formed from the hydroxido ligands and not from dissolved oxygen, and ammine ligands are products from the conversion of azido ligands to nitrenes. Both processes can induce oxidation of guanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)
| | - Nicola J Farrer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
| | - Jennifer S Butler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
| | - Ruth J McQuitty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
| | | | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick,CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)
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Zhao Y, Farrer NJ, Li H, Butler JS, McQuitty RJ, Habtemariam A, Wang F, Sadler PJ. De Novo Generation of Singlet Oxygen and Ammine Ligands by Photoactivation of a Platinum Anticancer Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Frasconi M, Liu Z, Lei J, Wu Y, Strekalova E, Malin D, Ambrogio MW, Chen X, Botros YY, Cryns VL, Sauvage JP, Stoddart JF. Photoexpulsion of surface-grafted ruthenium complexes and subsequent release of cytotoxic cargos to cancer cells from mesoporous silica nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11603-13. [PMID: 23815127 PMCID: PMC4086662 DOI: 10.1021/ja405058y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have emerged both as promising probes of DNA structure and as anticancer agents because of their unique photophysical and cytotoxic properties. A key consideration in the administration of those therapeutic agents is the optimization of their chemical reactivities to allow facile attack on the target sites, yet avoid unwanted side effects. Here, we present a drug delivery platform technology, obtained by grafting the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) with ruthenium(II) dipyridophenazine (dppz) complexes. This hybrid nanomaterial displays enhanced luminescent properties relative to that of the ruthenium(II) dppz complex in a homogeneous phase. Since the coordination between the ruthenium(II) complex and a monodentate ligand linked covalently to the nanoparticles can be cleaved under irradiation with visible light, the ruthenium complex can be released from the surface of the nanoparticles by selective substitution of this ligand with a water molecule. Indeed, the modified MSNPs undergo rapid cellular uptake, and after activation with light, the release of an aqua ruthenium(II) complex is observed. We have delivered, in combination, the ruthenium(II) complex and paclitaxel, loaded in the mesoporous structure, to breast cancer cells. This hybrid material represents a promising candidate as one of the so-called theranostic agents that possess both diagnostic and therapeutic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Frasconi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Juying Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Elena Strekalova
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 3018 WIMR, 111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Dmitry Malin
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 3018 WIMR, 111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Michael W. Ambrogio
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinqi Chen
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Youssry Y. Botros
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Intel Labs, Building RNB-6-61, 2200 Mission College Boulevard, Santa Clara, California 95054, United States
- National Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincent L. Cryns
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 3018 WIMR, 111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Jean-Pierre Sauvage
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Marcélis L, Moucheron C, Kirsch-De Mesmaeker A. Ru-TAP complexes and DNA: from photo-induced electron transfer to gene photo-silencing in living cells. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120131. [PMID: 23776293 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, examples of applications of the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process between photo-oxidizing Ru-TAP (TAP = 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene) complexes and DNA or oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are discussed. Applications using a free Ru-TAP complex (not chemically anchored to an ODN) are first considered. In this case, the PET gives rise to the production of an irreversible adduct of the Ru complex on a guanine (G) base, with formation of a covalent bond. After absorption of a second photon, this adduct can generate a bi-adduct, whereby the same complex binds to a second G moiety. These bi-adduct formations are responsible for photo-cross-linking between two strands of a duplex, each containing a G base, or between two G moieties of a single strand such as a telomeric sequence, as demonstrated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses or mass spectrometry. Scanning force microscopy also allows the detection of such photobridgings with plasmid DNA. Other applications, for example with Ru-ODN, i.e. ODN with chemically anchored Ru-TAP complexes, are also discussed. It is shown that such Ru-ODN probes containing a G base in their own sequences are capable of photo-cross-linking selectively with their targeted complementary sequences, and, in the absence of such targets, they self-photo-inhibit. Such processes are applied successfully in gene photo-silencing of human papillomavirus cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Marcélis
- Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles, CP 160/08, 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Smith NA, Sadler PJ. Photoactivatable metal complexes: from theory to applications in biotechnology and medicine. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120519. [PMID: 23776303 PMCID: PMC3685452 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This short review highlights some of the exciting new experimental and theoretical developments in the field of photoactivatable metal complexes and their applications in biotechnology and medicine. The examples chosen are based on some of the presentations at the Royal Society Discussion Meeting in June 2012, many of which are featured in more detail in other articles in this issue. This is a young field. Even the photochemistry of well-known systems such as metal-carbonyl complexes is still being elucidated. Striking are the recent developments in theory and computation (e.g. time-dependent density functional theory) and in ultrafast-pulsed radiation techniques which allow photochemical reactions to be followed and their mechanisms to be revealed on picosecond/nanosecond time scales. Not only do some metal complexes (e.g. those of Ru and Ir) possess favourable emission properties which allow functional imaging of cells and tissues (e.g. DNA interactions), but metal complexes can also provide spatially controlled photorelease of bioactive small molecules (e.g. CO and NO)--a novel strategy for site-directed therapy. This extends to cancer therapy, where metal-based precursors offer the prospect of generating excited-state drugs with new mechanisms of action that complement and augment those of current organic photosensitizers.
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Santoni MP, Nastasi F, Campagna S, Hanan GS, Hasenknopf B, Ciofini I. Understanding the redox properties of dinuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes by a joint experimental and theoretical analysis. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:5281-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32781g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Visible changes. Nat Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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