1
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Chansoria P, Rizzo R, Rütsche D, Liu H, Delrot P, Zenobi-Wong M. Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8787-8822. [PMID: 38967405 PMCID: PMC11273351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Harnessing light for cross-linking of photoresponsive materials has revolutionized the field of 3D printing. A wide variety of techniques leveraging broad-spectrum light shaping have been introduced as a way to achieve fast and high-resolution printing, with applications ranging from simple prototypes to biomimetic engineered tissues for regenerative medicine. Conventional light-based printing techniques use cross-linking of material in a layer-by-layer fashion to produce complex parts. Only recently, new techniques have emerged which deploy multidirection, tomographic, light-sheet or filamented light-based image projections deep into the volume of resin-filled vat for photoinitiation and cross-linking. These Deep Vat printing (DVP) approaches alleviate the need for layer-wise printing and enable unprecedented fabrication speeds (within a few seconds) with high resolution (>10 μm). Here, we elucidate the physics and chemistry of these processes, their commonalities and differences, as well as their emerging applications in biomedical and non-biomedical fields. Importantly, we highlight their limitations, and future scope of research that will improve the scalability and applicability of these DVP techniques in a wide variety of engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Chansoria
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- John
A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss
Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Dominic Rütsche
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Basic
Science & Engineering (BASE) Initiative, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hao Liu
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Paul Delrot
- Readily3D
SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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2
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Luu T, Gristwood K, Knight JC, Jörg M. Click Chemistry: Reaction Rates and Their Suitability for Biomedical Applications. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:715-731. [PMID: 38775705 PMCID: PMC11191409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Click chemistry has become a commonly used synthetic method due to the simplicity, efficiency, and high selectivity of this class of chemical reactions. Since their initial discovery, further click chemistry methods have been identified and added to the toolbox of click chemistry reactions for biomedical applications. However, selecting the most suitable reaction for a specific application is often challenging, as multiple factors must be considered, including selectivity, reactivity, biocompatibility, and stability. Thus, this review provides an overview of the benefits and limitations of well-established click chemistry reactions with a particular focus on the importance of considering reaction rates, an often overlooked criterion with little available guidance. The importance of understanding each click chemistry reaction beyond simply the reaction speed is discussed comprehensively with reference to recent biomedical research which utilized click chemistry. This review aims to provide a practical resource for researchers to guide the selection of click chemistry classes for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Luu
- Medicinal
Chemistry Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Katie Gristwood
- School
of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - James C. Knight
- School
of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Manuela Jörg
- Medicinal
Chemistry Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- School
of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
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3
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Pezzana L, Fadlallah S, Giri G, Archimbaud C, Roppolo I, Allais F, Sangermano M. DLP 3D Printing of Levoglucosenone-Based Monomers: Exploiting Thiol-ene Chemistry for Bio-Based Polymeric Resins. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202301828. [PMID: 38837600 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a well-established technique that allows for the development of complex geometries and structures with multiple applications. While considered a more environmentally-friendly method than traditional manufacturing, a significant challenge lies in the availability and ease of synthesis of bio-based alternative resins. In our endeavor to valorize biomass, this work proposes the synthesis of new α,ω-dienes derived from cellulose-derived levoglucosenone (LGO). These dienes are not only straightforward to synthesize but also offer a tunable synthesis approach. Specifically, LGO is first converted into diol precursor, which is subsequently esterified using various carboxylic acids (in this case, 3-butenoic, and 4-pentenoic acids) through a straightforward chemical pathway. The resulting monomers were then employed in UV-activated thiol-ene chemistry for digital light process (DLP). A comprehensive study of the UV-curing process was carried out by Design of Experiment (DoE) to evaluate the influence of light intensity and photoinitiator to find the optimal curing conditions. Subsequently, a thorough thermo-mechanical characterization highlighted the influence of the chemical structure on material properties. 3D printing was performed, enabling the fabrication of complex and self-stain structures with remarkable accuracy and precision. Lastly, a chemical degradation study revealed the potential for end-of-use recycling of the bio-based thermosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pezzana
- Dipartimento Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Sami Fadlallah
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - German Giri
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - Corentin Archimbaud
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- Dipartimento Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), AgroParisTech, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Dipartimento Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
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4
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Cabrera-Espinoza A, Collavini S, Sánchez JG, Kosta I, Palomares E, Delgado JL. Photo-Cross-Linked Fullerene-Based Hole Transport Material for Moisture-Resistant Regular Fullerene Sandwich Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16. [PMID: 38620071 PMCID: PMC11056936 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high efficiencies currently achieved with perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the need to develop stable devices, particularly in humid conditions, still remains. This study presents the synthesis of a novel photo-cross-linkable fullerene-based hole transport material named FT12. For the first time, the photo-cross-linking process is applied to PSCs, resulting in the preparation of photo-cross-linked FT12 (PCL FT12). Regular PSCs based on C60-sandwich architectures were fabricated using FT12 and PCL FT12 as dopant-free hole transport layers (HTLs) and compared to the reference spiro-OMeTAD. The photovoltaic results demonstrate that both FT12 and PCL FT12 significantly outperform pristine spiro-OMeTAD regarding device performance and stability. The comparison between devices based on FT12 and PCL FT12 demonstrates that the photo-cross-linking process enhances device efficiency. This improvement is primarily attributed to enhanced charge extraction, partial oxidation of the HTL, increased hole mobility, and improved layer morphology. PCL FT12-based devices exhibit improved stability compared to FT12 devices, primarily due to the superior moisture resistance achieved through photo-cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cabrera-Espinoza
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Silvia Collavini
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Ivet Kosta
- CIDETEC, Basque Research and
Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón 196, Donostia/San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia, The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology (ICIQ-BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Delgado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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5
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Rabadán González I, McLean JT, Ostrovitsa N, Fitzgerald S, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, O'Shea DF, Scanlan EM. A thiol-ene mediated approach for peptide bioconjugation using 'green' solvents under continuous flow. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2203-2210. [PMID: 38414440 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Flow chemistry has emerged as an integral process within the chemical sector permitting energy efficient synthetic scale-up while improving safety and minimising solvent usage. Herein, we report the first applications of the photoactivated, radical-mediated thiol-ene reaction for peptide bioconjugation under continuous flow. Bioconjugation reactions employing deep eutectic solvents, bio-based solvents and fully aqueous systems are reported here for a range of biologically relevant peptide substrates. The use of a water soluble photoinitiator, Irgacure 2959, permitted synthesis of glycosylated peptides in fully aqueous conditions, obviating the need for addition of organic solvents and enhancing the green credentials of these rapid, photoactivated, bioconjugation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Rabadán González
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Joshua T McLean
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Nikita Ostrovitsa
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sheila Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | - Donal F O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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6
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Park T, Kim M, Lee EK, Hur J, Yoo H. Overcoming Downscaling Limitations in Organic Semiconductors: Strategies and Progress. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306468. [PMID: 37857588 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have great potential to revolutionize electronics by enabling flexible and eco-friendly manufacturing of electronic devices on plastic film substrates. Recent research and development led to the creation of printed displays, radio-frequency identification tags, smart labels, and sensors based on organic electronics. Over the last 3 decades, significant progress has been made in realizing electronic devices with unprecedented features, such as wearable sensors, disposable electronics, and foldable displays, through the exploitation of desirable characteristics in organic electronics. Neverthless, the down-scalability of organic electronic devices remains a crucial consideration. To address this, efforts are extensively explored. It is of utmost importance to further develop these alternative patterning methods to overcome the downscaling challenge. This review comprehensively discusses the efforts and strategies aimed at overcoming the limitations of downscaling in organic semiconductors, with a particular focus on four main areas: 1) lithography-compatible organic semiconductors, 2) fine patterning of printing methods, 3) organic material deposition on pre-fabricated devices, and 4) vertical-channeled organic electronics. By discussing these areas, the full potential of organic semiconductors can be unlocked, and the field of flexible and sustainable electronics can be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kwang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Hur
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheon Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
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7
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Jeon S, Kamble YL, Kang H, Shi J, Wade MA, Patel BB, Pan T, Rogers SA, Sing CE, Guironnet D, Diao Y. Direct-ink-write cross-linkable bottlebrush block copolymers for on-the-fly control of structural color. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313617121. [PMID: 38377215 PMCID: PMC10907314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313617121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing capable of controlling and dynamically modulating structures down to the nanoscopic scale remains challenging. By marrying additive manufacturing with self-assembly, we develop a UV (ultra-violet)-assisted direct ink write approach for on-the-fly modulation of structural color by programming the assembly kinetics through photo-cross-linking. We design a photo-cross-linkable bottlebrush block copolymer solution as a printing ink that exhibits vibrant structural color (i.e., photonic properties) due to the nanoscopic lamellar structures formed post extrusion. By dynamically modulating UV-light irradiance during printing, we can program the color of the printed material to access a broad spectrum of visible light with a single ink while also creating color gradients not previously possible. We unveil the mechanism of this approach using a combination of coarse-grained simulations, rheological measurements, and structural characterizations. Central to the assembly mechanism is the matching of the cross-linking timescale with the assembly timescale, which leads to kinetic trapping of the assembly process that evolves structural color from blue to red driven by solvent evaporation. This strategy of integrating cross-linking chemistry and out-of-equilibrium processing opens an avenue for spatiotemporal control of self-assembled nanostructures during additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Jeon
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Yash Laxman Kamble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Haisu Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Jiachun Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Matthew A. Wade
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Bijal B. Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Tianyuan Pan
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Simon A. Rogers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Charles E. Sing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
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8
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Alioglu MA, Yilmaz YO, Gerhard EM, Pal V, Gupta D, Rizvi SHA, Ozbolat IT. A Versatile Photocrosslinkable Silicone Composite for 3D Printing Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2024; 9:2301858. [PMID: 38883438 PMCID: PMC11178280 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202301858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Embedded printing has emerged as a valuable tool for fabricating complex structures and microfluidic devices. Currently, an ample of amount of research is going on to develop new materials to advance its capabilities and increase its potential applications. Here, we demonstrate a novel, transparent, printable, photocrosslinkable, and tuneable silicone composite that can be utilized as a support bath or an extrudable ink for embedded printing. Its properties can be tuned to achieve ideal rheological properties, such as optimal self-recovery and yield stress, for use in 3D printing. When used as a support bath, it facilitated the generation microfluidic devices with circular channels of diameter up to 30 μm. To demonstrate its utility, flow focusing microfluidic devices were fabricated for generation of Janus microrods, which can be easily modified for multitude of applications. When used as an extrudable ink, 3D printing of complex-shaped constructs were achieved with integrated electronics, which greatly extends its potential applications towards soft robotics. Further, its biocompatibility was tested with multiple cell types to validate its applicability for tissue engineering. Altogether, this material offers a myriad of potential applications (i.e., soft robotics, microfluidics, bioprinting) by providing a facile approach to develop complicated 3D structures and interconnected channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mecit Altan Alioglu
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yasar Ozer Yilmaz
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Ethan Michael Gerhard
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Deepak Gupta
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Syed Hasan Askari Rizvi
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, PA, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey 17033, PA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey
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9
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Wang C, Huang F, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. A Versatile Platform to Generate Shell-Cross-Linked Uniform Π-Conjugated Nanofibers with Controllable Length, High Morphological Stability, and Facile Surface Tailorability. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300482. [PMID: 37922939 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has emerged as an efficient route to generate π-conjugated-polymer-based nanofibers (CPNFs) with promising applications from photocatalysis to biomedicine. However, the lack of efficient tools to endow CPNFs with morphological stability and surface tailorability becomes a frustrating hindrance for expanding application spectrum of CPNFs. Herein, a facile strategy to fabricate length-controllable OPV-based (OPV = oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)) CPNFs containing a cross-linked shell with high morphological stability and facile surface tailorability through the combination of living CDSA and thiol-ene chemistry by using OPV5 -b-PNAAM32 (PNAAM = poly(N-allyl acrylamide)) as a model is reported. Uniform fiber-like micelles with tunable length can be generated by self-seeding of living CDSA. By taking advantage of radical thiol-ene reaction between vinyls of PNAAM corona and four-arm thiols, the shell of micelles can be cross-linked with negligible destruction of structure of vinylene-containing OPV core. The resulting micelles show high morphological stability in NaCl solution and PBS buffer, even upon heating at 80 °C. The introduced extra thiol groups in the cross-linked shell can be further employed to install extra functional moieties via convenient thiol-Michael-type reaction. Given the negligible cytotoxicity of resulting CPNFs, this strategy opens an avenue to fabricate various CPNFs of diverse functionalities for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Fengfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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10
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Lim S, Kim JA, Chun YH, Lee HJ. Hyaluronic acid hydrogel for controlled release of heterobifunctional photocleavable linker-modified epidermal growth factor in wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126603. [PMID: 37652341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Peptide and protein drugs, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), face challenges related to stability and bioavailability. Recently, hydrogels have emerged as promising carriers for these drugs. This study focuses on a light-responsive hydrogel-based drug delivery system for the controlled release of EGF in wound healing. A photocleavable (PC) linker was designed to bind EGF to the hydrogel matrix, enabling UV light-triggered release of EGF. Hydrogels have evolved from drug reservoirs to controlled release systems, and the o-nitrobenzyl-based PC linkers offer selective cleavage under UV irradiation. We used a thiol-ene crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel matrix modified with the PC-linked EGF. The release of EGF from the HA hydrogel under UV irradiation was evaluated, along with in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the controlled effect of EGF on wound healing. Our results indicate that the successful development of a light-responsive hydrogel-based system for precise temporal release of EGF enhances the therapeutic potential in wound healing. This study highlights the importance of incorporating stimulus-responsive functionalities into hydrogel-based drug delivery systems to optimize protein drugs in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saebin Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji An Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hong Chun
- Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Younes HM, Kadavil H, Ismail HM, Adib SA, Zamani S, Alany RG, Al-Kinani AA. Overview of Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Applications of Reactive Electrospinning and Crosslinking Techniques of Polymeric Nanofibers with Highlights on Their Biocompatibility Testing and Regulatory Aspects. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 38258043 PMCID: PMC10818558 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional electrospinning is a promising technique for fabricating nanofibers for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. The method is highly efficient in producing nanofibers with morphology and porosity similar to the extracellular matrix. Nonetheless, and in many instances, the process has faced several limitations, including weak mechanical strength, large diameter distributions, and scaling-up difficulties of its fabricated electrospun nanofibers. The constraints of the polymer solution's intrinsic properties are primarily responsible for these limitations. Reactive electrospinning constitutes a novel and modified electrospinning techniques developed to overcome those challenges and improve the properties of the fabricated fibers intended for various biomedical applications. This review mainly addresses reactive electrospinning techniques, a relatively new approach for making in situ or post-crosslinked nanofibers. It provides an overview of and discusses the recent literature about chemical and photoreactive electrospinning, their various techniques, their biomedical applications, and FDA regulatory aspects related to their approval and marketing. Another aspect highlighted in this review is the use of crosslinking and reactive electrospinning techniques to enhance the fabricated nanofibers' physicochemical and mechanical properties and make them more biocompatible and tailored for advanced intelligent drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam M. Younes
- Tissue Engineering & Nanopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory (TENRL), Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.K.); (H.M.I.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hana Kadavil
- Tissue Engineering & Nanopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory (TENRL), Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.K.); (H.M.I.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hesham M. Ismail
- Tissue Engineering & Nanopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory (TENRL), Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.K.); (H.M.I.); (S.A.A.)
- Charles River Laboratories, Montreal, QC H9X 3R3, Canada
| | - Sandi Ali Adib
- Tissue Engineering & Nanopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory (TENRL), Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.K.); (H.M.I.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Somayeh Zamani
- Tissue Engineering & Nanopharmaceuticals Research Laboratory (TENRL), Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (H.K.); (H.M.I.); (S.A.A.)
- Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Raid G. Alany
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (R.G.A.); (A.A.A.-K.)
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London KT2 7LB, UK
| | - Ali A. Al-Kinani
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (R.G.A.); (A.A.A.-K.)
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12
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Patra R, Mondal S, Sarma D. Thiol and thioether-based metal-organic frameworks: synthesis, structure, and multifaceted applications. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17623-17655. [PMID: 37961841 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02884d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are unique hybrid porous materials formed by combining metal ions or clusters with organic ligands. Thiol and thioether-based MOFs belong to a specific category of MOFs where one or many thiols or thioether groups are present in organic linkers. Depending on the linkers, thiol-thioether MOFs can be divided into three categories: (i) MOFs where both thiol or thioether groups are part of the carboxylic acid ligands, (ii) MOFs where only thiol or thioether groups are present in the organic linker, and (iii) MOFs where both thiol or thioether groups are part of azolate-containing linkers. MOFs containing thiol-thioether-based acid ligands are synthesized through two primary approaches; one is by utilizing thiol and thioether-based carboxylic acid ligands where the bonding pattern of ligands with metal ions plays a vital role in MOF formation (HSAB principle). MOFs synthesized by this approach can be structurally differentiated into two categories: structures without common structural motifs and structures with common structural motifs (related to UiO-66, UiO-67, UiO-68, MIL-53, NU-1100, etc.). The second approach to synthesize thiol and thioether-based MOFs is indirect methods, where thiol or thioether functionality is introduced in MOFs by techniques like post-synthetic modifications (PSM), post-synthetic exchange (PSE) and by forming composite materials. Generally, MOFs containing only thiol-thioether-based ligands are synthesized by interfacial assisted synthesis, forming two-dimensional sheet frameworks, and show significantly high conductivity. A limited study has been done on MOFs containing thiol-thioether-based azolate ligands where both nitrogen- and sulfur-containing functionality are present in the MOF frameworks. These materials exhibit intriguing properties stemming from the interplay between metal centres, organic ligands, and sulfur functionality. As a result, they offer great potential for multifaceted applications, ranging from catalysis, sensing, and conductivity, to adsorption. This perspective is organised through an introduction, schematic representations, and tabular data of the reported thiol and thioether MOFs and concluded with future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India.
| | - Sumit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India.
| | - Debajit Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India.
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13
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Morrison N, Vogel BM. Factors That Influence Base-Catalyzed Thiol-Ene Hydrogel Synthesis. Gels 2023; 9:917. [PMID: 37999007 PMCID: PMC10671550 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Injectable, localized drug delivery using hydrogels made from ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri-3-mercaptopropionate (ETTMP) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) has shown great potential due to these hydrogels' ability to exhibit non-swelling behavior and tunable drug release properties. However, current synthesis methods in the literature suffer from poor ETTMP solubility in water, slow gelation times exceeding 20 min, and a lack of reproducibility. To address these limitations, we have developed a reliable synthesis procedure and conducted a sensitivity analysis of key variables. This has enabled us to synthesize ETTMP-PEGDA hydrogels in a polymer concentration range of 15 to 90 wt% with gelation times of less than 2 min and moduli ranging from 3.5 to 190 kPa. We overcame two synthesis limitations by identifying the impact of residual mercaptopropionic acid and alumina purification column height on gelation time and by premixing ETTMP and PEGDA to overcome low ETTMP solubility in water. Our ETTMP-PEGDA mixture can be stored at -20 °C for up to 2 months without crosslinking, allowing easy storage and shipment. These and previous results demonstrate the potential of ETTMP-PEGDA hydrogels as promising candidates for injectable, localized drug delivery with tunable drug release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon M. Vogel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA;
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14
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Nallbani BG, Kahraman MV, Degirmenci I. Computational Study on Radical-Mediated Thiol-Epoxy Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8050-8058. [PMID: 37737119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Radical-mediated thiol-epoxy reactions were elucidated for analyzing the overlap problem of the thiol-ene/thiol-epoxy systems using computational approaches. Nine epoxy model molecules were evaluated to mimic the chemical structures and reactivity of some industrial epoxy molecules. Modeling reaction mechanisms was conducted through density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) level at 1.0 atm and 298.15 K. An analog thiol-ene mechanism was proposed for radical-mediated thiol-epoxide reactions. Unlike the thiol-ene reactions, the addition reaction to epoxides is relatively slow (rate constants <10-4 M-1 s-1). However, the chain transfer, which paves the way for the overlapping of dual curing systems, is quite fast (rate constants >101 M-1 s-1). High stability of thiyl radicals, epoxy ring strain, and the instability of formed alkoxy radical from addition reaction were emphasized as the main driving forces for the reaction energetics and kinetics. Control of temperature and using certain thiols are strongly recommended to avoid curing step overlap based on the findings in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Memet Vezir Kahraman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Isa Degirmenci
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
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15
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Burkey K, Castillo K, Elrod P, Suekuni MT, Aikman E, Gehrke S, Allgeier A, Robinson JL. Modulating pentenoate-functionalized hyaluronic acid hydrogel network properties for meniscal fibrochondrocyte mechanotransduction. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1525-1537. [PMID: 37103006 PMCID: PMC10524304 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Knee meniscus tears are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries. While meniscus replacements using allografts or biomaterial-based scaffolds are available, these treatments rarely result in integrated, functional tissue. Understanding mechanotransducive signaling cues that promote a meniscal cell regenerative phenotype is critical to developing therapies that promote tissue regeneration rather than fibrosis after injury. The purpose of this study was to develop a hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel system with tunable crosslinked network properties by modulating the degree of substitution (DoS) of reactive-ene groups to investigate mechanotransducive cues received by meniscal fibrochondrocytes (MFCs) from their microenvironment. A thiol-ene step-growth polymerization crosslinking mechanism was employed using pentenoate-functionalized hyaluronic acid (PHA) and dithiothreitol to achieve tunability of the chemical crosslinks and resulting network properties. Increased crosslink density, reduced swelling, and increased compressive modulus (60-1020 kPa) were observed with increasing DoS. Osmotic deswelling effects were apparent in PBS and DMEM+ compared to water; swelling ratios and compressive moduli were decreased in the ionic buffers. Frequency sweep studies showed storage and loss moduli of hydrogels at 1 Hz approach reported meniscus values and showed increasing viscous response with increasing DoS. The degradation rate increased with decreasing DoS. Lastly, modulating PHA hydrogel surface modulus resulted in control of MFC morphology, suggesting relatively soft hydrogels (E = 60 ± 35 kPa) promote more inner meniscus phenotype compared to rigid hydrogels (E = 610 ± 66 kPa). Overall, these results highlight the use of -ene DoS modulation in PHA hydrogels to tune crosslink density and physical properties to understand mechanotransduction mechanisms required to promote meniscus regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyley Burkey
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas
| | - Kayla Castillo
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
| | - Philip Elrod
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas
| | - Murilo T. Suekuni
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
| | - Elizabeth Aikman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
| | - Stevin Gehrke
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
| | - Alan Allgeier
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas
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16
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Piñeiro-García A, Semetey V. The "How" and "Where" Behind the Functionalization of Graphene Oxide by Thiol-ene "Click" Chemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301604. [PMID: 37367388 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a 2D nanomaterial with unique chemistry due to the combination of sp2 hybridization and oxygen functional groups (OFGs) even in single layer. OFGs play a fundamental role in the chemical functionalization of GO to produce GO-based materials for diverse applications. However, traditional strategies that employ epoxides, alcohols, and carboxylic acids suffer from low control and undesirable side reactions, including by-product formation and GO reduction. Thiol-ene "click" reaction offers a promising and versatile chemical approach for the alkene functionalization (-C=C-) of GO, providing orthogonality, stereoselectivity, regioselectivity, and high yields while reducing by-products. This review examines the chemical functionalization of GO via thiol-ene "click" reactions, providing insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms, including the role of radical or base catalysts in triggering the reaction. We discuss the "how" and "where" the reaction takes place on GO, the strategies to avoid unwanted side reactions, such as GO reduction and by-product formation. We anticipate that multi-functionalization of GO via the alkene groups will enhance GO physicochemical properties while preserving its intrinsic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Semetey
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
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17
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Boden A, Dart A, Liao TY, Zhu DM, Bhave M, Cipolla L, Kingshott P. Enhancing the Activity of Surface Immobilized Antimicrobial Peptides Using Thiol-Mediated Tethering to Poly(ethylene glycol). Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200411. [PMID: 37167630 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Considering the need for versatile surface coatings that can display multiple bioactive signals and chemistries, the use of more novel surface modification methods is starting to emerge. Thiol-mediated conjugation of biomolecules is shown to be quite advantageous for such purposes due to the reactivity and chemoselectivity of thiol functional groups. Herein, the immobilization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to silica colloidal particles based on thiol-mediated conjugation techniques, along with an assessment of the antimicrobial potential of the functionalized particles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus is investigated. Immobilization of PEG to thiolated Si particles is performed by either a two-step thiol-ene "photo-click" reaction or a "one-pot" thiol-maleimide type conjugation using terminal acrylate or maleimide functional groups, respectively. It is demonstrated that both immobilization methods result in a significant reduction in the number of viable bacterial cells compared to unmodified samples after the designated incubation periods with the PEG-AMP-modified colloidal suspensions. These findings provide a promising outlook for the fabrication of multifunctional surfaces based upon the tethering of PEG and AMPs to colloidal particles through thiol-mediated biocompatible chemistry, which has potential for use as implant coatings or as antibacterial formulations that can be incorporated into wound dressings to prevent or control bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Boden
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Alexander Dart
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Tzu-Ying Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - De Ming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Mrinal Bhave
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Laura Cipolla
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Peter Kingshott
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
- ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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18
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Bugatti K. A Brief Guide to Preparing a Peptide-Drug Conjugate. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300254. [PMID: 37288718 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) have recently emerged as interesting hybrid constructs not only for targeted therapy, but also for the early diagnosis of different pathologies. In most cases, the crucial step in the PDC synthesis is the final conjugation step, where a specific drug is bound to a particular peptide-/peptidomimetic-targeting unit. Thus, this concept paper aims to give a short guide to determining the finest conjugation reaction, by considering in particular the reaction conditions, the stability of the linker and the major pros and cons of each reaction. Based on the recent PDCs reported in literature, the most common and efficient conjugation methods will be systematically presented and compared, generating a short guide to consult while planning the synthesis of a novel peptide-drug conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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19
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Vo QV, Tram TLB, Phuoc Hoang L, Hoa NT, Mechler A. The alkoxy radical polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone in organic solvents: theoretical insight into the mechanism and kinetics. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23402-23408. [PMID: 37546223 PMCID: PMC10401519 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03820c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a polymer with many applications in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biomedical formulations due to its minimal toxicity. PVP can be synthesized through radical polymerization in organic solvents; this well-known industrial process is thoroughly characterized experimentally, however, quantum chemical modeling of the process is scarce: the mechanism and kinetics have not been thoroughly investigated yet. In this work, the mechanism and kinetics of the alkoxy radical polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone in organic solvents, namely isopropanol (IP) and toluene (TL), were successfully modeled by computational chemistry. The initiator radicals di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBO˙) and dicumyl peroxide (CMO˙) as well as the solvents isopropanol and toluene, were shown to be capable of assisting in the initiation reactions. The rate constant was influenced by the combination of initiators and solvent and the values of the rate constant of propagation were approximately 101-103 M-1 s-1. The radical polymerization of NVP with dicumyl peroxide as an initiator was comparable to that of di-tert-butyl peroxide in all of the examined organic solvents, whereas the solvents had less of an effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan V Vo
- The University of Danang-University of Technology and Education Danang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Truong Le Bich Tram
- Department of Science-Technology and Environment, The University of Danang Danang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Loc Phuoc Hoang
- Quang Tri Teacher Training College Dong Ha Quang Tri 520000 Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hoa
- The University of Danang-University of Technology and Education Danang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Adam Mechler
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe University Victoria 3086 Australia
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20
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Lynch DM, Nolan MD, Williams C, Van Dalsen L, Calvert SH, Dénès F, Trujillo C, Scanlan EM. Traceless Thioacid-Mediated Radical Cyclization of 1,6-Dienes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37418624 PMCID: PMC10367065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Five-membered ring systems are ubiquitous throughout natural products and synthetic therapeutics, and thus, efficient methods to access this essential scaffold are required. Herein, we report the thioacid-mediated, 5-exo-trig cyclization of various 1,6-dienes, with high yields of up to 98%. The labile thioester functionality can be exploited to generate a free thiol residue which can be used as a functional handle or removed entirely to provide the traceless cyclized product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan M Lynch
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mark D Nolan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor Williams
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Leendert Van Dalsen
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susannah H Calvert
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fabrice Dénès
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière BP, 92208 - 44322 Cedex 3 Nantes, France
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
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21
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Thijssen Q, Quaak A, Toombs J, De Vlieghere E, Parmentier L, Taylor H, Van Vlierberghe S. Volumetric Printing of Thiol-Ene Photo-Cross-Linkable Poly(ε-caprolactone): A Tunable Material Platform Serving Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210136. [PMID: 36827642 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Current thoroughly described biodegradable and cross-linkable polymers mainly rely on acrylate cross-linking. However, despite the swift cross-linking kinetics of acrylates, the concomitant brittleness of the resulting materials limits their applicability. Here, photo-cross-linkable poly(ε-caprolactone) networks through orthogonal thiol-ene chemistry are introduced. The step-growth polymerized networks are tunable, predictable by means of the rubber elasticity theory and it is shown that their mechanical properties are significantly improved over their acrylate cross-linked counterparts. Tunability is introduced to the materials, by altering Mc (or the molar mass between cross-links), and its effect on the thermal properties, mechanical strength and degradability of the materials is evaluated. Moreover, excellent volumetric printability is illustrated and the smallest features obtained via volumetric 3D-printing to date are reported, for thiol-ene systems. Finally, by means of in vitro and in vivo characterization of 3D-printed constructs, it is illustrated that the volumetrically 3D-printed materials are biocompatible. This combination of mechanical stability, tunability, biocompatibility, and rapid fabrication by volumetric 3D-printing charts a new path toward bedside manufacturing of biodegradable patient-specific implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinten Thijssen
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Astrid Quaak
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Joseph Toombs
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 6159 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1740, USA
| | - Elly De Vlieghere
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Laurens Parmentier
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Hayden Taylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 6159 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1740, USA
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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22
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Aparna GM, Tetala KKR. Recent Progress in Development and Application of DNA, Protein, Peptide, Glycan, Antibody, and Aptamer Microarrays. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040602. [PMID: 37189350 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microarrays are one of the trailblazing technologies of the last two decades and have displayed their importance in all the associated fields of biology. They are widely explored to screen, identify, and gain insights on the characteristics traits of biomolecules (individually or in complex solutions). A wide variety of biomolecule-based microarrays (DNA microarrays, protein microarrays, glycan microarrays, antibody microarrays, peptide microarrays, and aptamer microarrays) are either commercially available or fabricated in-house by researchers to explore diverse substrates, surface coating, immobilization techniques, and detection strategies. The aim of this review is to explore the development of biomolecule-based microarray applications since 2018 onwards. Here, we have covered a different array of printing strategies, substrate surface modification, biomolecule immobilization strategies, detection techniques, and biomolecule-based microarray applications. The period of 2018–2022 focused on using biomolecule-based microarrays for the identification of biomarkers, detection of viruses, differentiation of multiple pathogens, etc. A few potential future applications of microarrays could be for personalized medicine, vaccine candidate screening, toxin screening, pathogen identification, and posttranslational modifications.
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23
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Meng Y, Zhai H, Zhou Z, Wang X, Han J, Feng W, Huang Y, Wang Y, Bai Y, Zhou J, Quan D. Three dimensional
printable multi‐arms poly(
CL‐
co
‐TOSUO
) for resilient biodegradable elastomer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Meng
- GD HPPC and PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hong Zhai
- GD HPPC and PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Ziting Zhou
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Jiandong Han
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - WenJuan Feng
- GD HPPC and PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- GD HPPC and PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuan Wang
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Ying Bai
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Zhou
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Daping Quan
- GD Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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24
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Lee YB, Lim S, Lee Y, Park CH, Lee HJ. Green Chemistry for Crosslinking Biopolymers: Recent Advances in Riboflavin-Mediated Photochemistry. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1218. [PMID: 36770225 PMCID: PMC9920339 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF), which is also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin. RF is a nontoxic and biocompatible natural substance. It absorbs light (at wavelengths of 380 and 450 nm) in the presence of oxygen to form reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). The generated singlet oxygen acts as a photoinitiator to induce the oxidation of biomolecules, such as amino acids, proteins, and nucleotides, or to initiate chemical reactions, such as the thiol-ene reaction and crosslinking of tyramine and furfuryl groups. In this review, we focus on the chemical mechanism and utilization of the photochemistry of RF, such as protein crosslinking and hydrogel formation. Currently, the crosslinking method using RF as a photoinitiator is actively employed in ophthalmic clinics. However, a significant broadening is expected in its range of applications, such as in tissue engineering and drug delivery.
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25
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Bazzoni M, Lhoste C, Bonnet J, Konan KE, Bernard A, Giraudeau P, Felpin FX, Dumez JN. In-line Multidimensional NMR Monitoring of Photochemical Flow Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203240. [PMID: 36651473 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the in-line monitoring of a flow photochemical reaction using 1D and ultrafast 2D NMR methods at high magnetic field. The reaction mixture exiting the flow reactor is flown through the NMR spectrometer and directly analyzed. In the case of simple substrates, suitable information can be obtained through 1D 1 H spectra, but for molecules of higher complexity the use of 2D experiments is key to address signal overlaps and assignment issues. Here we show the usefulness of ultrafast 2D COSY experiments acquired in 70 s or less, for the in-line monitoring of photochemical reactions, and the possibility to obtain reliable quantitative information. This is a powerful framework to, for example, efficiently screen reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Célia Lhoste
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR6230, F-4400, Nantes, France
| | - Justine Bonnet
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR6230, F-4400, Nantes, France
| | | | - Aurélie Bernard
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR6230, F-4400, Nantes, France
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26
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Qi X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yue D. Bioinspired Sustainable Polymer with Stereochemistry-Controllable Thermomechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Dongmei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing 100029, PR China
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27
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Soodoo N, Bouzidi L, Narine S. Effect of Pendant Sulfide and Sulfonyl Groups on the Thermal, Flow, and Antioxidative Properties of Lipid-Based Aliphatic Monoesters. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navindra Soodoo
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, OntarioK9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Laziz Bouzidi
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, OntarioK9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Suresh Narine
- Trent Centre for Biomaterials Research, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, OntarioK9J 7B8, Canada
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28
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Boronic ester-based vitrimeric methylvinyl silicone elastomer with “solid-liquid” feature and rate-dependent mechanical performance. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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29
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Zhang S, Cao C, Jiang S, Huang H. A General Strategy for Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization of Macrocyclic Allylic Sulfides. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chi Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suqiu Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanchu Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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30
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Kato K, Sudprasert P, Saito H, Shimomura T, Ogino K, Kanehashi S. Novel UV-curable Bio-based Polymers Derived from Non-edible Phenolic Biomass. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Kato
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Pirada Sudprasert
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hiromu Saito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimomura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogino
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanehashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganeishi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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31
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Geeson MB, Tanaka K, Taakili R, Benhida R, Cummins CC. Photochemical Alkene Hydrophosphination with Bis(trichlorosilyl)phosphine. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14452-14457. [PMID: 35926231 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bis(trichlorosilyl)phosphine (HP(SiCl3)2, 1) was prepared from [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] ([TBA]2, TBA = tetra-n-butylammonium) and triflic acid in 36% yield. Phosphine 1 is an efficient reagent for hydrophosphination of unactivated terminal olefins under UV irradiation (15-60 min) and gives rise to bis(trichlorosilyl)alkylphosphines (RP(SiCl3)2, R = (CH2)5CH3, 88%; (CH2)7CH3, 98%; (CH2)2C(CH3)3, 76%; CH2Cy, 93%; (CH2)2Cy, 95%; CH2CH(CH3)(CH2)2CH3, 82%; (CH2)3O(CH2)3CH3, 95%; (CH2)3Cl, 83%; (CH2)2SiMe3, 92%; (CH2)5C(H)CH2, 44%) in excellent yields. The products require no further purification beyond filtration and removal of volatile material under reduced pressure. The P-Si bonds of prototypical products RP(SiCl3)2 (R = -(CH2)5CH3, -(CH2)7CH3) are readily functionalized to give further phosphorus-containing products: H3C(CH2)7PCl2 (56%), [H3C(CH2)5P(CH2Ph)3]Br (84%), H3C(CH2)7PH2 (61%), H3C(CH2)5P(O)(H)(OH) (81%), and H3C(CH2)5P(O)(OH)2 (55%). Experimental mechanistic investigations, accompanied by quantum chemical calculations, point toward a radical-chain mechanism. Phosphine 1 enables the fast, high-yielding, and atom-efficient preparation of compounds that contain phosphorus-carbon bonds in procedures that bypass white phosphorus (P4), a toxic and high-energy intermediate of the phosphorus industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Geeson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keita Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rachid Taakili
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences - Green Process Engineering, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.,Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR7272, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice 06103, France
| | - Rachid Benhida
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences - Green Process Engineering, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.,Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR7272, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice 06103, France
| | - Christopher C Cummins
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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32
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Krizhanovskiy I, Temnikov M, Kononevich Y, Anisimov A, Drozdov F, Muzafarov A. The Use of the Thiol-Ene Addition Click Reaction in the Chemistry of Organosilicon Compounds: An Alternative or a Supplement to the Classical Hydrosilylation? Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153079. [PMID: 35956590 PMCID: PMC9370781 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents the main achievements in the use of the thiol-ene reaction in the chemistry of silicones. Works are considered, starting from monomers and ending with materials.The main advantages and disadvantages of this reaction are demonstrated using various examples. A critical analysis of the use of this reaction is made in comparison with the hydrosilylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Krizhanovskiy
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Maxim Temnikov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuriy Kononevich
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Anton Anisimov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Fedor Drozdov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
| | - Aziz Muzafarov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia; (I.K.); (M.T.); (Y.K.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (A.M.)
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33
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Kumar S, Kumar J, Naqvi T, Raheem S, Rizvi MA, Shah BA. Synthesis of (E)‐β‐Iodovinyl Sulfones via Photoredox Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar
- IIIM: Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry INDIA
| | - Jaswant Kumar
- IIIM: Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry INDIA
| | - Tahira Naqvi
- Govt College for Women, MA Road, Srinagar Chemistry INDIA
| | | | | | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine CSIR Natural Product Chemistry Microbes Canal Road 180001 Jammu INDIA
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34
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Dhand AP, Davidson MD, Galarraga JH, Qazi TH, Locke RC, Mauck RL, Burdick JA. Simultaneous One-Pot Interpenetrating Network Formation to Expand 3D Processing Capabilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202261. [PMID: 35510317 PMCID: PMC9283285 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of a secondary network into traditional single-network hydrogels can enhance mechanical properties, such as toughness and loading to failure. These features are important for many applications, including as biomedical materials; however, the processing of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels is often limited by their multistep fabrication procedures. Here, a one-pot scheme for the synthesis of biopolymer IPN hydrogels mediated by the simultaneous crosslinking of two independent networks with light, namely: i) free-radical crosslinking of methacrylate-modified hyaluronic acid (HA) to form the primary network and ii) thiol-ene crosslinking of norbornene-modified HA with thiolated guest-host assemblies of adamantane and β-cyclodextrin to form the secondary network, is reported. The mechanical properties of the IPN hydrogels are tuned by changing the network composition, with high water content (≈94%) hydrogels exhibiting excellent work of fracture, tensile strength, and low hysteresis. As proof-of-concept, the IPN hydrogels are implemented as low-viscosity Digital Light Processing resins to fabricate complex structures that recover shape upon loading, as well as in microfluidic devices to form deformable microparticles. Further, the IPNs are cytocompatible with cell adhesion dependent on the inclusion of adhesive peptides. Overall, the enhanced processing of these IPN hydrogels will expand their utility across applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek P Dhand
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Matthew D Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jonathan H Galarraga
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Taimoor H Qazi
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ryan C Locke
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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35
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Peng Y, Du X, Zhu D, Nie Y, Shi S, Xing J. Nanogels loading 5-Fluorouracil in situ through thiol-ene click reaction and photopolymerization at 532 nm for its controlled release. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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36
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Stubbs CJ, Khalfa AL, Chiaradia V, Worch JC, Dove AP. Intrinsically Re-curable Photopolymers Containing Dynamic Thiol-Michael Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11729-11735. [PMID: 35749449 PMCID: PMC9264357 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The development of
photopolymers that can be depolymerized and
subsequently re-cured using the same light stimulus presents a significant
technical challenge. A bio-sourced terpenoid structure, l-carvone, inspired the creation of a re-curable photopolymer in which
the orthogonal reactivity of an irreversible thioether and a dynamic
thiol-Michael bond enables both photopolymerization and thermally
driven depolymerization of mechanically robust polymer networks. The
di-alkene containing l-carvone was partially reacted with
a multi-arm thiol to generate a non-crosslinked telechelic photopolymer.
Upon further UV exposure, the photopolymer crosslinked into a mechanically
robust network featuring reversible Michael bonds at junction points
that could be activated to revert, or depolymerize, the network into
a viscous telechelic photopolymer. The regenerated photopolymer displayed
intrinsic re-curability over two recycles while maintaining the desirable
thermomechanical properties of a conventional network: insolubility,
resistance to stress relaxation, and structural integrity up to 170
°C. Our findings present an on-demand, re-curable photopolymer
platform based on a sustainable feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Stubbs
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Anissa L Khalfa
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Viviane Chiaradia
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Joshua C Worch
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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37
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Racles C, Bele A, Vasiliu AL, Sacarescu L. Emulsion Gels as Precursors for Porous Silicones and All-Polymer Composites-A Proof of Concept Based on Siloxane Stabilizers. Gels 2022; 8:377. [PMID: 35735721 PMCID: PMC9222695 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of its versatility, the emulsion templating method is rather uncommon for the preparation of porous silicones. In this contribution, two siloxane-containing stabilizers, designed to be soluble in polar (water) and non-polar (toluene) solvents, respectively, were used in low concentrations to produce stable emulsions, wherein polysiloxane gels were obtained by UV-photoinitiated thiol-ene click cross-linking. The stabilizers exhibited negative interfacial tension, as measured by Wilhelmy plate tensiometry. The emulsion gels evolved into porous silicones (xerogels), with tunable morphology and properties. According to TEM and SEM investigations, the emulsion template was preserved in the final materials. Several parameters (e.g., the structure of the polysiloxane precursors, composition of the emulsion gels, nature of the continuous phase, cross-linking conditions, or additives) can be varied in order to obtain porous elastic materials with desired properties, such as Janus membranes, absorbent monoliths, all-polymer porous composites, or silicone-swollen gels. The feasibility of these types of materials was tested, and exemplary porous silicones were briefly characterized by contact angle measurements, mechanical testing, and absorption tests. The proposed method is simple, fast, and economic, uses very little amounts of stabilizers, and can be adjusted as a green technique. In this contribution, all the silicon-based materials with a convenient design were prepared in house.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Racles
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Adrian Bele
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Ana-Lavinia Vasiliu
- Mihai Dima Laboratory of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Liviu Sacarescu
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (L.S.)
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38
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Pakuła D, Przekop RE, Brząkalski D, Frydrych M, Sztorch B, Marciniec B. Sulfur-Containing Silsesquioxane Derivatives Obtained by the Thiol-ene Reaction: Synthesis and Thermal Degradation. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200099. [PMID: 35670458 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This article presents the synthesis of new derivatives of octa(3-thiopropyl)silsesquioxane (SSQ-8SH) via thiol-ene reaction with simple olefins bearing alkyl groups as well as methoxysilyl, substituted aryl or fluoroalkyl groups. All products were characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, 29 Si NMR, FTIR, GPC, MALDI-TOF-MS, as well as thermal analysis (TGA) to confirm their structures, purity and thermal stability, and finally give some insight into their thermal degradation pathway. In some of the structures obtained, the T5% values take place at high temperatures and are close to 230 °C. The thiol-ene reaction allowed to obtain 7 new compounds with high yield (>92 %), no by-products and in a relatively short time (24 h). All products are characterized by high conversion >99 %. New derivatives can find potential use as modifiers of plastics to improve their certain properties for example hydrophobicity or thermo-oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Pakuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert E Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Miłosz Frydrych
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogna Sztorch
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.,Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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39
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Murphy CA, Lim KS, Woodfield TBF. Next Evolution in Organ-Scale Biofabrication: Bioresin Design for Rapid High-Resolution Vat Polymerization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107759. [PMID: 35128736 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of bioprinting has made significant advancements in recent years and allowed for the precise deposition of biomaterials and cells. However, within this field lies a major challenge, which is developing high resolution constructs, with complex architectures. In an effort to overcome these challenges a biofabrication technique known as vat polymerization is being increasingly investigated due to its high fabrication accuracy and control of resolution (µm scale). Despite the progress made in developing hydrogel precursors for bioprinting techniques, such as extrusion-based bioprinting, there is a major lack in developing hydrogel precursor bioresins for vat polymerization. This is due to the specific unique properties and characteristics required for vat polymerization, from lithography to the latest volumetric printing. This is of major concern as the shortage of bioresins available has a significant impact on progressing this technology and exploring its full potential, including speed, resolution, and scale. Therefore, this review discusses the key requirements that need to be addressed in successfully developing a bioresin. The influence of monomer architecture and bioresin composition on printability is described, along with key fundamental parameters that can be altered to increase printing accuracy. Finally, recent advancements in bioresins are discussed together with future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Murphy
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- Light Activated Biomaterials (LAB) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
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40
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Soars SM, Bongiardina NJ, Fairbanks BD, Podgórski M, Bowman CN. Spatial and Temporal Control of Photomediated Disulfide–Ene and Thiol–Ene Chemistries for Two-Stage Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shafer M. Soars
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Bongiardina
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Fairbanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Maciej Podgórski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 5, Lublin 20-031, Poland
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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41
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Mohaman H, Tuncer D, Degirmenci I. Thiol‐Ene Polymerization of Natural Monomers: A DFT Study. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamissou Mohaman
- Chemical Engineering Department Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun 55139 Turkey
- CEISAM Laboratory Nantes University Nantes 44300 France
| | - Dilan Tuncer
- Chemical Engineering Department Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun 55139 Turkey
| | - Isa Degirmenci
- Chemical Engineering Department Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun 55139 Turkey
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DEGİRMENCİ İ. Role of Initiator Structure on Thiol-Ene Polymerization: A Comprehensive Theoretical Study. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1003469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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43
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Brooks S, Constant E, King O, Weems AC. Stereochemistry and Stoichiometry in Aliphatic Polyester Photopolymers for 3D Printing Tailored Biomaterial Scaffolds. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective aliphatic polyesters were synthesized through the ring opening copolymerization of cyclic anhydrides and epoxides using a tin catalyst to yield Mn ~ 10-13 kDa macromolecules (Đ < 1.6). Isomerization...
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44
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Infante Teixeira L, Landfester K, Thérien-Aubin H. Nanoconfinement in miniemulsion increases reaction rates of thiol–ene photopolymerization and yields high molecular weight polymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00350c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Photoinitiated thiol–ene polymerization was performed in bulk and miniemulsion. We show that the compartmentalization of the reaction inside nanodroplets led to faster reaction kinetics and yielded polymers with higher molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X7, Canada
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45
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Khine YY, Wen X, Jin X, Foller T, Joshi R. Functional groups in graphene oxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26337-26355. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04082d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide consists of diverse surface chemistry which allows tethering GO with additional functionalities and tuning its intrinsic properties. This review summarizes recently advanced methods to covalently modify GO for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Yee Khine
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xinyue Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaoheng Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tobias Foller
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Rakesh Joshi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Suvarli N, Perner-Nochta I, Hubbuch J, Wörner M. Thiol-Functional Polymer Nanoparticles via Aerosol Photopolymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4363. [PMID: 34960913 PMCID: PMC8704326 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spherical, individual polymer nanoparticles with functional -SH groups were synthesized via aerosol photopolymerization (APP) employing radically initiated thiol-ene chemistry. A series of various thiol and alkene monomer combinations were investigated based on di-, tri-, and tetrafunctional thiols with difunctional allyl and vinyl ethers, and di- and trifunctional acrylates. Only thiol and alkene monomer combinations able to build cross-linked poly(thio-ether) networks were compatible with APP, which requires fast polymerization of the generated droplet aerosol during the photoreactor passage within a residence time of half-minute. Higher monomer functionalities and equal overall stoichiometry of functional groups resulted in the best nanoparticles being spherical and individual, proven by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The presence of reactive -SH groups in the synthesized nanoparticles as a basis for post-polymerization modifications was verified by Ellman's test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Wörner
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (N.S.); (I.P.-N.); (J.H.)
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47
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Guo Y, Gu J, Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Z, Ma T, Cheng Y, Ji Z, Jiao Y, Xue B, Cao Y. Regulating the Homogeneity of Thiol-Maleimide Michael-Type Addition-Based Hydrogels Using Amino Biomolecules. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040206. [PMID: 34842701 PMCID: PMC8628763 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based synthetic hydrogels based on Michael-type addition reaction have been widely used for cell culture and tissue engineering. However, recent studies showed that these types of hydrogels were not homogenous as expected since micro domains generated due to the fast reaction kinetics. Here, we demonstrated a new kind of method to prepare homogenous poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels based on Michael-type addition using the side chain amine-contained short peptides. By introducing such a kind of short peptides, the homogeneity of crosslinking and mechanical property of the hydrogels has been also significantly enhanced. The compressive mechanical and recovery properties of the homogeneous hydrogels prepared in the presence of side chain amine-contained short peptides were more reliable than those of inhomogeneous hydrogels while the excellent biocompatibility remained unchanged. Furthermore, the reaction rate and gelation kinetics of maleimide- and thiol-terminated PEG were proved to be significantly slowed down in the presence of the side chain amine-contained short peptides, thus leading to the improved homogeneity of the hydrogels. We anticipate that this new method can be widely applied to hydrogel preparation and modification based on Michael-type addition gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (Y.G.); (Z.J.)
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhenshu Zhu
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Tingting Ma
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuanqi Cheng
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zongzhou Ji
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (Y.G.); (Z.J.)
| | - Yonghua Jiao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (Y.G.); (Z.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (B.X.); (Y.C.)
| | - Bin Xue
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (B.X.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (J.G.); (Y.J.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (T.M.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (B.X.); (Y.C.)
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Fındık V, Fındık BK, Aviyente V, Monari A. Origins of the photoinitiation capacity of aromatic thiols as photoinitiatiors: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24377-24385. [PMID: 34676839 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04345e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report the photophysical properties of three thiol derivatives, commonly used as photoinitiators in thiol-ene free radical polymerization, the ultimate goal being to rationalize the main reason behind the photoinitiation efficiency. For this aim, time dependent density functional theory is used to simulate the absorption spectra of alkyl thiol (R-SH), thiophenol (PhSH) and p-(trifluoromethyl) thiophenol (p-CF3PhSH), describe their excited state topologies, and explore their potential energy surfaces along the S-H dissociation. Excited state calculations have shown that the S-H photolysis is achieved through the triplet excited states following intersystem crossing from the originally populated singlet manifolds. More specifically, while in aromatic thiol derivatives dissociation is mainly triplet-state mediated, the first excited singlet state and first triplet state of alkyl thiol are both dissociative and hence potentially capable of generating the photoinduced radical species. We have also justified the experimental findings concerning the photoinitiator efficiency considering both their potential energy surface topologies and the absorption intensity, in the lowest energy region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Fındık
- Univesité de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F54000 Nancy, France. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Koca Fındık
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, 34342, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Viktorya Aviyente
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University, 34342, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Antonio Monari
- Univesité de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F54000 Nancy, France. .,Université de Paris and CNRS, ITODYS, F-75006, Paris, France.
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Wenzel F, Hamzehlou S, Gonzalez de San Roman E, Aguirre M, Leiza JR. Modeling the Kinetics and Microstructure of a Thermally Initiated Thiol‐Ene Polymerization. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wenzel
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Shaghayegh Hamzehlou
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Estibaliz Gonzalez de San Roman
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Miren Aguirre
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Jose R. Leiza
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
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50
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Vonk KM, Meijer EW, Vantomme G. Depolymerization of supramolecular polymers by a covalent reaction; transforming an intercalator into a sequestrator. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13572-13579. [PMID: 34777777 PMCID: PMC8528007 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04545h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the reciprocity between chemical reactivity and supramolecular structure is a topic of great interest in the emergence of molecular complexity. In this work, we investigate the effect of a covalent reaction as a trigger to depolymerize a supramolecular assembly. We focus on the impact of an in situ thiol-ene reaction on the (co)polymerization of three derivatives of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) monomers functionalized with cysteine, hexylcysteine, and alkyl side chains: Cys-BTA, HexCys-BTA, and a-BTA. Long supramolecular polymers of Cys-BTA can be depolymerized into short dimeric aggregates of HexCys-BTA via the in situ thiol-ene reaction. Analysis of the system by time-resolved spectroscopy and light scattering unravels the fast dynamicity of the structures and the mechanism of depolymerization. Moreover, by intercalating the reactive Cys-BTA monomer into an unreactive inert polymer, the in situ thiol-ene reaction transforms the intercalator into a sequestrator and induces the depolymerization of the unreactive polymer. This work shows that the implementation of reactivity into supramolecular assemblies enables temporal control of depolymerization processes, which can bring us one step closer to understanding the interplay between non-covalent and covalent chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper M Vonk
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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