1
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Khosravi H, Stevens V, Sánchez RH. HFIP as a versatile solvent in resorcin[ n]arene synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2469-2475. [PMID: 39376488 PMCID: PMC11457071 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as an efficient solvent for synthesizing resorcin[n]arenes in the presence of catalytic amounts of HCl at ambient temperature and within minutes. Remarkably, resorcinols with electron-withdrawing groups and halogens, which are reported in the literature as the most challenging precursors in this cyclization, are tolerated. This method leads to a variety of 2-substituted resorcin[n]arenes in a single synthetic step with isolated yields up to 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hormoz Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Valeria Stevens
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Raúl Hernández Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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2
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Msellem P, Dekthiarenko M, Hadj Seyd N, Vives G. Switchable molecular tweezers: design and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:504-539. [PMID: 38440175 PMCID: PMC10910529 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Switchable molecular tweezers are a unique class of molecular switches that, like their macroscopic analogs, exhibit mechanical motion between an open and closed conformation in response to stimuli. Such systems constitute an essential component of artificial molecular machines. This review will present selected examples of switchable molecular tweezers and their potential applications. The first part will be devoted to chemically responsive tweezers, including stimuli such as pH, metal coordination, and anion binding. Then, redox-active and photochemical tweezers will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Msellem
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maksym Dekthiarenko
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nihal Hadj Seyd
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vives
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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3
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De Leener G, Over D, Reinaud O, Jabin I. A 4-state acid-base controlled molecular switch based on a host-guest system. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1172-1180. [PMID: 36504236 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A novel ZnII funnel complex that presents three phenol functions within a calix[6]arene macrocycle is described. Host-guest studies, monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy, evaluate the impact of the replacement of three anisole moieties present in a previously described system with phenols. It is now shown that the dicationic complex is responsive to anions, whereas deprotonation of one phenol unit completely inhibits any hosting response. These properties, combined with those of the corresponding protonated ligand, allow us to obtain different molecular switches, and one of them shows guest embedment changes between four different host states, thus giving rise to a rare case of a triple molecular switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël De Leener
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 CP160/06, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. .,Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Diana Over
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Olivia Reinaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 CP160/06, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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4
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Sui Y, Zhou J, Liao P, Liang W, Xu H. A Gaint Donor-Acceptor Molecular Switch Compound: Synthesis and Properties. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22060283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Abstract
Molecular compounds with zigzag carbon nanotube geometries are exceedingly rare. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of carbon-based nanotubes with zigzag geometry, best described as radially oriented [n]cyclo-meta-phenylenes, extending the tubularene family of compounds. By the incorporation of edge-sharing benzene rings into the tubularene's radial π-surface, we have uncovered the first step to give rise to the emergence of radial orbital distribution in zigzag nanorings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Saber Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Raúl Hernández Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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6
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Szafraniec A, Iwanek W. Synthesis of a coumarin derivative of resorcin[4]arene with solvent-controlled chirality. RSC Adv 2020; 10:12747-12753. [PMID: 35492126 PMCID: PMC9051107 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis of a coumarin derivative of resorcin[4]arene (1) using a cascade thermolysis/Michael reaction. The influence of the hydrogen bonding system on the conformational rigidity and cyclochirality of the coumarin derivative of resorcin[4]arene was discussed; these properties depended on the proton-donor–acceptor properties of the solvent. Significant differences, which depended on the environment, in the coumarin derivative of resorcin[4]arene fluorescence were observed and discussed. This paper presents the synthesis of a coumarin derivative of resorcin[4]arene (1) using a cascade thermolysis/Michael reaction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szafraniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 60-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Waldemar Iwanek
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP, University of Science and Technology Seminaryjna 3 85-326 Bydgoszcz Poland
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7
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Petersen RJ, Rozeboom BJ, Oburn SM, Blythe NJ, Rathje TL, Luna JA, Kibby SK, O'Brien EA, Rohr KG, Carpenter JR, Sanders TL, Johnson AM, Hutchins KM, Shaw SK, MacGillivray LR, Wackerly JW. Cambiarenes: Single-Step Synthesis and Selective Zwitterion Binding of a Clip-Shaped Macrocycle with a Redox-Active Core. Chemistry 2020; 26:1928-1930. [PMID: 31696566 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel macrocyclic host molecule was synthesized that forms in a single step from commercially available starting materials. The core of the macrocycle backbone possesses two quinone rings and, thus, it is redox-active. Host-guest binding involving the clip-shaped cavity indicates selective binding of pyridine N-oxides based on the electron density of and steric bulk around the anionic oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley J Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Brett J Rozeboom
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Shalisa M Oburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nolan J Blythe
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Tanner L Rathje
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Javier A Luna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Steven K Kibby
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Emily A O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Kayleigh G Rohr
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Joshua R Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Taylor L Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Andrew M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
| | - Kristin M Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Scott K Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Leonard R MacGillivray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jay Wm Wackerly
- Department of Chemistry, Central College, 812 University Ave, Pella, IA, 20219, USA
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8
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Milić JV, Schneeberger T, Zalibera M, Diederich F, Boudon C, Ruhlmann L. Spectro-electrochemical toolbox for monitoring and controlling quinone-mediated redox-driven molecular gripping. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Milić JV, Diederich F. The Quest for Molecular Grippers: Photo‐Electric Control of Molecular Gripping Machinery. Chemistry 2019; 25:8440-8452. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana V. Milić
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesÉcole Polytechnique Fédéralé de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8010 Zurich Switzerland
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10
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Hahn DF, Milić JV, Hünenberger PH. Vase
‐
Kite
Equilibrium of Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands Investigated Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations with Ball‐and‐Stick Local Elevation Umbrella Sampling. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David F. Hahn
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jovana V. Milić
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LPI, Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Philippe H. Hünenberger
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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11
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Press D, Gendy C, Pasalkar S, Schechtel S, Heyne B, Sutherland TC. Synthesis of Tetrathia-Oligothiophene Macrocycles. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:3405-3408. [PMID: 31459556 PMCID: PMC6648883 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of six tetrathia-oligothiophene macrocycles is described with modest ring-closing yields between 21 and 55%. Single-crystal X-ray studies of four of the macrocycles indicated that encapsulated solvent or guest molecules were possible. A variety of guest molecules were explored for inclusion complexes via NMR, absorption, emission, and X-ray techniques. The solution-phase inclusion complexes were uninformative; yet the solid-state experiments revealed that solvent exchangeable channels exist through the macrocyclic pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
J. Press
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chris Gendy
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samruddhi Pasalkar
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shauna Schechtel
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Belinda Heyne
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Todd C. Sutherland
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4 Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Milić JV, Schneeberger T, Zalibera M, Milowska KZ, Ong QK, Trapp N, Ruhlmann L, Boudon C, Thilgen C, Diederich F. Thioether‐Functionalized Quinone‐Based Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands: Electroswitchable Molecular Actuators. Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana V. Milić
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Station 6, EPF Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schneeberger
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food TechnologyInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Karolina Z. Milowska
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS)Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Amalienstaße 54 80799 Munich Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM) Schellingstraße 4 80799 Munich Germany
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Rd CB3 0FS Cambridge UK
| | - Quy K. Ong
- Supramolecular Nano-Materials LaboratoryInstitute of Material Science and Engineering, Station 12, MXG, EPF Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps SolideInstitut de Chimie de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps SolideInstitut de Chimie de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Carlo Thilgen
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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13
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Aroua S, Lowell AN, Ray A, Trapp N, Schweizer WB, Ebert MO, Yamakoshi Y. Larger Substituents on Amide Cavitands Induce Bigger Cavities. Org Lett 2019; 21:201-205. [PMID: 30565950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of quinoxaline cavitands bearing pendant amide groups with various substituent sizes (Et, iPr, tBu) were synthesized, and their cavity size/structure were investigated by X-ray and NMR analyses. In the case of the Et or iPr amide cavitand, the conformation of the molecule was in the vase form, while the bulky tBu amide cavitand gave the kite conformation at room temperature. X-ray crystal structures of Et and iPr cavitands clearly showed the intramolecular H-bondings to influence the conformation and the cavity sizes dependent on the bulkiness of functional groups. The 1H NMR spectrum revealed that the Et cavitand can encapsulate an adamantane guest compound with slow exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Aroua
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Andrew N Lowell
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South, 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA19104-6323 , United States
| | - Ankita Ray
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - W Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Marc-Olivier Ebert
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Yoko Yamakoshi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , CH8093 Zürich , Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South, 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA19104-6323 , United States
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14
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Gardiner WH, Camilleri M, Martinez-Lozano LA, Bew SP, Stephenson GR. Upper-Rim Monofunctionalisation in the Synthesis of Triazole- and Disulfide-Linked Multicalix[4]- and -[6]arenes. Chemistry 2018; 24:19089-19097. [PMID: 30325070 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covalently linked multiple calixarenes are valued in supramolecular chemistry. This work reports an easy and versatile synthetic route to covalently linked double and triple calix[4]arene and calix[6]arenes by a novel DMF-controlled selective alkylation of a convenient and readily available upper-rim dimethylaminomethyl-substituted tetrahydroxy and hexahydroxy calix[4]arene and -[6]arenes. Synthetic routes to upper-rim functionalised redox active disulfide-linked double-, tetra- and peptidohybrid-calixarenes employing either redox chemistry (CH2 SH) or thiolates (CH2 S- ) are also opened up from the same key starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Gardiner
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Matthew Camilleri
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lozano
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sean P Bew
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - G Richard Stephenson
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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15
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Tonin MD, Garden SJ, Jotani MM, Wardell JL, Tiekink ER. On the influence of small chemical changes upon the supramolecular association in substituted 2-(phenoxy)-1,4-naphthoquinones. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2018-2129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
X-ray crystallography reveals the common feature of the title compounds is a 1,4-naphthoquinone ring system with a substituted phenoxy residue adjacent to an oxo-group to give 1 (H), 2 (3-Br), 3 (3-CF3), 4 (4-CN) and 5 (4-NO2). To a first approximation the fused ring system along with the two oxo substituents is planar with the major difference between the molecules relating to the relative orientations of the pendant phenoxy residues: dihedral angles range from 56.56(4)° (3) to 87.52(10)° (2). The presence of intermolecular C–H···O interactions is the common feature of the supramolecular association in the crystals of 1–5. In each of 1 and 5, these extend in three-dimensions but, only to supramolecular dimers in 4, chains in 2 and layers in 3. Each crystal also features C=O···π interactions, pointing to the importance of these points of contact in this series di-oxocompounds. In 2, these, along with C–Br···π interactions lead to a three-dimensional architecture. For 3, the C=O···π and π···π interactions occur within the layers which stack without directional interactions between them. In 4, C–H···O and C=O···π interactions combine to give a supramolecular layer, which also stack without directional interactions in the inter-layer region. Further analysis of the molecular packing was conducted by a Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA). This points to the significant role of H···H, C···H/H···C and O···H/H···O contacts in the packing of 1. Notably different roles for these contacts are found in the other crystals correlating with the participation of the respective substituents in the molecular packing. The HSA suggests the association between layers in 3 (weak F···F and H···F interactions) and 4 (weak H···N interactions) is contributed by the phenoxy-substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon D.L. Tonin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro-RJ , Brazil
| | - Simon J. Garden
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro-RJ , Brazil
| | - Mukesh M. Jotani
- Department of Physics , Bhavan’s Sheth R. A. College of Science , Ahmedabad, 380001 Gujarat , India
| | - James L. Wardell
- Department of Chemistry , University of Aberdeen , Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE , Scotland
| | - Edward R.T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology , Sunway University , 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
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16
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Han X, Lu BB, Yang J, Wu H, Liu YY, Ma JF. Four coordination complexes based on two novel carboxylate-functionalized resorcin[4]arenes: Structures, fluorescence and sensing of nitrobenzene and dichromate anions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Kato M, Fujita Y, Yamauchi T, Mori S, Shirahata T, Misaki Y. Redox-Switchable Bis-fused Tetrathiafulvalene Analogue: Observation and Control of Two Different Reduction Processes from Dication to Neutral State. Org Lett 2018; 20:5121-5125. [PMID: 30129770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives of a new bis-fused donor composed of TTF and extended TTF with an anthraquinoid spacer (TTFAQ) (2) were successfully synthesized. X-ray structure analysis of the tetrakis(methylthio) derivative 2Aa and its I3- salt revealed that the TTFAQ moieties of both 2Aa and 2Aa•+ adopt the so-called saddle conformation similar to most neutral TTFAQs. The results obtained from the X-ray structure analysis and cyclic voltammetry suggest that a positive charge in 2Aa•+ is unevenly distributed on the TTF moiety, while both positive charges of 22+ are mainly located on the TTFAQ moiety. In the first two-electron redox processes, an extra cathodic wave attributed to the coexistence of a different reduction process from the oxidation process was observed for most of the derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minami Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Ehime University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Ehime University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Ehime University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center , Ehime University , 2-5 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan.,Research Unit for Development of Organic Superconductors , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
| | - Takashi Shirahata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Ehime University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan.,Research Unit for Development of Organic Superconductors , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan.,Research Unit for Power Generation and Storage Materials , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
| | - Yohji Misaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Ehime University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan.,Research Unit for Development of Organic Superconductors , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan.,Research Unit for Power Generation and Storage Materials , Ehime University , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8577 , Japan
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18
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19
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Gropp C, Quigley BL, Diederich F. Molecular Recognition with Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands: Switching, Halogen-Bonded Capsules, and Enantioselective Complexation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2705-2717. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Gropp
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Brendan L. Quigley
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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20
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Haberland S, Finke AD, Kerisit N, Katan C, Trolez Y, Gawel P, Leito I, Lõkov M, Järviste R, Kaupmees K, Trapp N, Ruhlmann L, Boudon C, Himmel D, Diederich F. Enhancement of Push-Pull Properties of Pentafulvene and Pentafulvalene Derivatives by Protonation at Carbon. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Haberland
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Aaron D. Finke
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Kerisit
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Claudine Katan
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes France
| | - Yann Trolez
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes France
| | - Przemyslaw Gawel
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a, Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Märt Lõkov
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a, Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Robert Järviste
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a, Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Karl Kaupmees
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; Ravila 14a, Str 50411 Tartu Estonia
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide; Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide; Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, CNRS; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMF and; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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21
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Metal ion complexation by tetraphosphonate cavitands: The influence of the ionic radius. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Chakraborty S, Endres KJ, Bera R, Wojtas L, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Das N, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Concentration dependent supramolecular interconversions of triptycene-based cubic, prismatic, and tetrahedral structures. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14189-14194. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New insight into the molecular fission–fusion process is obtained with the characterization of a stable intermediate prismatic cage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ranajit Bera
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 801106
- India
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
| | | | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Florida Atlantic University
- Boca Raton
- USA
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 801106
- India
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Departments of Polymer Science
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Departments of Chemistry
| | - George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Departments of Chemistry
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23
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Yadav A, Gupta AK, Steiner A, Boomishankar R. Mapping the Assembly of Metal-Organic Cages into Complex Coordination Networks. Chemistry 2017; 23:18296-18302. [PMID: 29076576 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Structural transformations of supramolecular assemblies play an important role in the synthesis of complex metal-organic materials. Nonetheless, often little is known of the assembly pathways that lead to the final product. This work describes the conversion of cubic metal-organic polyhedra to connected-cage networks of varying topologies. The neutral cubic cage assembly of formula {Pd3 [PO(NiPr)3 ]}8 (PZDC)12 has been synthesized from {Pd3 [(NiPr)3 PO](OAc)2 (OH)}2 ⋅2 (CH3 )2 SO and 2,5-pyrazenedicarboxilic acid (PZDC-2H). This 42-component self-assembly is the largest known among the neutral cages with PdII ions. The cage contains twenty-four vacant carboxylate O-sites at the PZDC ligands that are available for further coordination. Post-assembly reactions of the cubic cage with FeII and ZnII ions produced cage-connected networks of dia and qtz topologies, respectively. During these reactions, the discrete cubic cage transforms into a network of tetrahedral cages that are bridged by the 3D metal ions. The robustness of the [Pd3 {[PO(NiPr)3 }]3+ molecular building units made it possible to map the post-assembly reactions in detail, which revealed a variety of intermediate 1D and 2D cage networks. Such step-by-step mapping of the transformation of discrete cages to cage-connected frameworks is unprecedented in the chemistry of coordination driven assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Arvind K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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24
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Milić J, Zalibera M, Talaat D, Nomrowski J, Trapp N, Ruhlmann L, Boudon C, Wenger OS, Savitsky A, Lubitz W, Diederich F. Photoredox-Switchable Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands: Radical Control of Molecular Gripping Machinery via Hydrogen Bonding. Chemistry 2017; 24:1431-1440. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Milić
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics; Slovak University of Technology; Radlinského 9 81237 Bratislava Slovakia
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Darius Talaat
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Julia Nomrowski
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Anton Savitsky
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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25
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Pinalli R, Massera C. Nitro-sonium complexation by the tetra-phospho-nate cavitand 5,11,17,23-tetra-methyl-6,10:12,16:18,22:24,4-tetra-kis-(phenyl-phospho-nato-κ 2O, O)resorcin(4)arene. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1801-1805. [PMID: 29250390 PMCID: PMC5730227 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017015857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of a new supra-molecular complex between the tetra-phos-pho-nate cavitand 5,11,17,23-tetra-methyl-6,10:12,16:18,22:24,4-tetra-kis(phenyl-phospho-nato-κ2O,O')resorcin(4)arene and the nitrosyl cation NO+, as the BF4- salt, is reported. The complex, of general formula [(C56H44P4O12)(NO)]BF4·CH2Cl2 or NO@Tiiii[H, CH3, C6H5] BF4·CH2Cl2, crystallizes in the space group P-1. The nitrosyl cation is disordered over two equivalent positions, with occupancies of 0.503 (2) and 0.497 (2), and inter-acts with two adjacent P=O groups at the upper rim of the cavitand through dipole-charge inter-actions. In the lattice, the cavitands are connected through a series of C-H⋯π inter-actions involving the methyl and methyl-enic H atoms and the aromatic rings of the macrocycle. The structure is further stabilized by the presence of C-H⋯F inter-actions between the hydrogen atoms of the cavitands and the F atoms of the tetra-fluorido-borate anion. As a result of the disorder, the lattice di-chloro-methane mol-ecules could not be modelled in terms of atomic sites, and were treated using the PLATON SQUEEZE procedure [Spek (2015 ▸). Acta Cryst. C71, 9-18]. The complexation process has also been studied in solution through NMR titrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pinalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Massera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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26
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Lu BB, Yang J, Liu YY, Ma JF. A Polyoxovanadate–Resorcin[4]arene-Based Porous Metal–Organic Framework as an Efficient Multifunctional Catalyst for the Cycloaddition of CO2 with Epoxides and the Selective Oxidation of Sulfides. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11710-11720. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Lu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ying-Ying Liu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jian-Fang Ma
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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27
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Mendez-Arroyo J, d’Aquino AI, Chinen AB, Manraj YD, Mirkin CA. Reversible and Selective Encapsulation of Dextromethorphan and β-Estradiol Using an Asymmetric Molecular Capsule Assembled via the Weak-Link Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1368-1371. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Mendez-Arroyo
- Department of Chemistry and
International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Andrea I. d’Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and
International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alyssa B. Chinen
- Department of Chemistry and
International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yashin D. Manraj
- Department of Chemistry and
International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and
International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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28
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Godde B, Jouaiti A, Fluck A, Kyritsakas N, Mauro M, Hosseini MW. Symmetrical or non-symmetrical luminescent turnstiles based on hydroquinone stators and rotors bearing pyridyl or p-dimethylaminopyridyl coordinating units. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:14897-14906. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent symmetrical and non-symmetrical molecular turnstiles based on hydroquinone stators and rotors bearing coordinating units are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérangère Godde
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Abdelaziz Jouaiti
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Audrey Fluck
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Nathalie Kyritsakas
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Mir Wais Hosseini
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UdS-CNRS 7140
- University of Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
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29
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Meshkov IN, Bulach V, Gorbunova YG, Kyritsakas N, Grigoriev MS, Tsivadze AY, Hosseini MW. Phosphorus(V) Porphyrin-Based Molecular Turnstiles. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10774-10782. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan N. Meshkov
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Véronique Bulach
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Nathalie Kyritsakas
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mikhail S. Grigoriev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Mir Wais Hosseini
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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30
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Xie TZ, Endres KJ, Guo Z, Ludlow JM, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Controlled Interconversion of Superposed-Bistriangle, Octahedron, and Cuboctahedron Cages Constructed Using a Single, Terpyridinyl-Based Polyligand and Zn2+. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12344-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca
Raton, Florida 33431, United States
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31
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Stefańska K, Jędrzejewska H, Wierzbicki M, Szumna A, Iwanek W. The Inverse Demand Oxa-Diels-Alder Reaction of Resorcinarenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Regioselectivity and Diastereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6018-25. [PMID: 27336857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction enables introduction of new functionalities onto the resorcinarene skeleton with simultaneous generation of new stereogenic centers and expansion of the internal cavity. We present highly regio- and diastereoselective inverse electron demand oxa-Diels-Alder reactions of resorcinarene ortho-quinone methide with benzofuran and indene, each generating 12 new stereogenic centers. The mechanism and reasons for regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity were analyzed using theoretical calculations (NBO charges, Fukui functions, transition state energies, and thermodynamic stability of the products). Enantiomers were separated, and their configurations were determined by comparison of experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stefańska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce , Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Hanna Jędrzejewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wierzbicki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Iwanek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce , Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
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32
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Milić J, Zalibera M, Pochorovski I, Trapp N, Nomrowski J, Neshchadin D, Ruhlmann L, Boudon C, Wenger OS, Savitsky A, Lubitz W, Gescheidt G, Diederich F. Paramagnetic Molecular Grippers: The Elements of Six-State Redox Switches. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2470-2477. [PMID: 27300355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of semiquinone-based resorcin[4]arene cavitands expands the toolbox of switchable molecular grippers by introducing the first paramagnetic representatives. The semiquinone (SQ) states were generated electrochemically, chemically, and photochemically. We analyzed their electronic, conformational, and binding properties by cyclic voltammetry, ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectroelectrochemistry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and transient absorption spectroscopy, in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The utility of UV/vis spectroelectrochemistry and EPR spectroscopy in evaluating the conformational features of resorcin[4]arene cavitands is demonstrated. Guest binding properties were found to be enhanced in the SQ state as compared to the quinone (Q) or the hydroquinone (HQ) states of the cavitands. Thus, these paramagnetic SQ intermediates open the way to six-state redox switches provided by two conformations (open and closed) in three redox states (Q, SQ, and HQ) possessing distinct binding ability. The switchable magnetic properties of these molecular grippers and their responsiveness to electrical stimuli has the potential for development of efficient molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Milić
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology , Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Igor Pochorovski
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Nomrowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9/Z2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anton Savitsky
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9/Z2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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33
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Mosca S, Yu Y, Rebek J. Preparative scale and convenient synthesis of a water-soluble, deep cavitand. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:1371-87. [PMID: 27388554 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cavitands are established tools of supramolecular chemistry and molecular recognition, and they are finding increasing application in sensing and sequestration of physiologically relevant molecules in aqueous solution. The synthesis of a water-soluble, deep cavitand is described. The route comprises six (linear) steps from commercially available precursors, and it relies on the fourfold oligomeric cyclization reaction of resorcinol with 2,3-dihydrofuran that leads to the formation of a shallow resorcinarene framework; condensation with aromatic panels, which deepens the hydrophobic binding cavity; construction of rigid urea functionalities on the upper rim; and the introduction of the water-solubilizing methylimidazolium groups on the lower rim. Late intermediates of the synthesis can be used in the preparation of congener cavitands with different properties and applications, and a sample of such a synthetic procedure is included in this protocol. Emphasis is placed on scaled-up reactions and on purification procedures that afford materials in high yield and avoid chromatographic purification. This protocol provides improvements over previously described procedures, and it enables the preparation of sizable amounts of deep cavitands: 7 g of a water-soluble cavitand can be prepared from resorcinol in 13 working days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mosca
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Yang Yu
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Julius Rebek
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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34
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Bertani F, Riboni N, Bianchi F, Brancatelli G, Sterner ES, Pinalli R, Geremia S, Swager TM, Dalcanale E. Triptycene-Roofed Quinoxaline Cavitands for the Supramolecular Detection of BTEX in Air. Chemistry 2016; 22:3312-3319. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bertani
- Department of Chemistry; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17A Parma 43124 Italy
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Mass Avenue 02139 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Nicolò Riboni
- Department of Chemistry; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17A Parma 43124 Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17A Parma 43124 Italy
| | - Giovanna Brancatelli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Trieste; via L. Giorgeri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Elizabeth S. Sterner
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Mass Avenue 02139 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Department of Chemistry; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17A Parma 43124 Italy
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Trieste; via L. Giorgeri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Mass Avenue 02139 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Department of Chemistry; University of Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 17A Parma 43124 Italy
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35
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Gavette JV, Petsalakis ID, Theodorakopoulos G, Zhang KD, Yu Y, Rebek J. The effects of hexafluoroisopropanol on guest binding by water-soluble capsule and cavitand hosts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17604-6. [PMID: 26482864 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06405h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation of amphiphilic guests in a water-soluble cavitand is enhanced by the addition of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). While binding of n-alkanes in cavitands in HFIP/D2O mixtures was similar to that observed in 100% D2O, the binding of guests with terminal polar groups was quite different. Several α,ω-bolaamphiphiles: alkyldiols (C10-C12), a dinitrile (C14) and a diacid (C16) became encapsulated in HFIP/D2O solutions. As little as 15% HFIP v/v in D2O moves the guest from cavitand to the dimeric capsule. The unusual binding of polar functional groups inside the confined space is deduced from NMR COSY spectra and supported by DFT calculations. Alkane guests are also encapsulated in 100% HFIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse V Gavette
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, and Department of Chemistry, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Ioannis D Petsalakis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., Athens 116 35, Greece
| | - Giannoula Theodorakopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., Athens 116 35, Greece
| | - Kang-Da Zhang
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, and Department of Chemistry, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Yang Yu
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, and Department of Chemistry, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Julius Rebek
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, and Department of Chemistry, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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36
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Ramsay WJ, Foster JA, Moore KL, Ronson TK, Mirgalet RJ, Jefferson DA, Nitschke JR. Au ICl-bound N-heterocyclic carbene ligands form MII4(LAuCl) 6 integrally gilded cages. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7326-7331. [PMID: 28757991 PMCID: PMC5512534 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03065j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) moiety into a self-assembled MII4L6 cage framework required the NHC first to be metallated with gold(i). Bimetallic cages could then be constructed using zinc(ii) and cadmium(ii) templates, showing weak luminescence. The cages were destroyed by the addition of further gold(i) in the form of AuI(2,4,6-trimethoxybenzonitrile)2SbF6, which caused the reversibly-formed cages to disassemble and controllably release the AuI-NHC subcomponent into solution. This release in turn induced the growth of gold nanoparticles. The rate of dianiline release could be tuned by capsule design or through the addition of chemical stimuli, with different release profiles giving rise to different nanoparticle morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Ramsay
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Jonathan A Foster
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Katharine L Moore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Raphaël J Mirgalet
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - David A Jefferson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie T. McTernan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alina
L. Nussbaumer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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38
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Abstract
One of the largest driving forces for molecular association in aqueous solution is the hydrophobic effect, and many synthetic receptors with hydrophobic interiors have been devised for molecular recognition studies in water. Attempts to create the longer, narrower cavities appropriate for long-chain fatty acids have been thwarted by solvophobic collapse of the synthetic receptors, giving structures that have no internal spaces. The collapse generally involves the stacking of aromatic panels onto themselves. We describe here the synthesis and application of a deep cavitand receptor featuring "prestacked" aromatic panels at the upper rim of the binding pocket. The cavitand remains open and readily sequesters biologically relevant long-chain molecules-unsaturated ω-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids and derivatives such as anandamide-from aqueous media. The cavitand exists in isomeric forms with different stacking geometries and n-alkanes were used to characterize the binding modes and conformational properties. Long alkyl chains are accommodated in inverted J-shaped conformations. An analogous cavitand with electron-rich aromatic walls was prepared and comparative binding experiments indicated the role of intramolecular stacking in the binding properties of these deep container molecules.
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39
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Ruiz-Botella S, Vidossich P, Ujaque G, Vicent C, Peris E. A Tetraferrocenyl-Resorcinarene Cavitand as a Redox-Switchable Host of Ammonium Salts. Chemistry 2015; 21:10558-65. [PMID: 26096342 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tetraannulation of a resorcinarene-octaamino cavitand with ferrocenecarboxaldehyde allows the preparation of a tetrabenzimidazole-resorcinarene cavitand with four ferrocenyl moieties directly linked to the C2 atom of the imidazole units. Oxidation of the four ferrocenyl moieties produces important structural modifications of the molecule, as indicated by DFT calculations performed for the neutral and tetraoxidized forms of the cavitand. By means of (1) H NMR spectroscopic analysis, the encapsulating properties of the new tetraferrocenyl-resorcinarene cavitand toward a series of ammonium salts were evaluated, and a clear cutoff point in binding affinity with respect to size was observed. Cyclic voltammetric studies allowed us to estimate the relative association constants for the neutral and oxidized forms of the cavitand, thus indicating that the guest was bound to the neutral (reduced) state of the cavitand and was released from the oxidized form. These redox-addressable conformational and binding properties of the resorcinarene-tetraferrocenyl cavitand constitute all the necessary features of a redox-switchable molecular gripper. By means of mass-spectrometric analysis, we could unambiguously confirm the molar stoichiometry of the host-guest complex (1:1) and assess the strong guest encapsulation, as indicated by triggering the covalent coupling between host and guest in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Ruiz-Botella
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat. 12071 Castellón (Spain), Fax: (+34) 964387522
| | - Pietro Vidossich
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia (Spain)
| | - Gregori Ujaque
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia (Spain).
| | - Cristian Vicent
- Serveis Centrals d'Instrumentació Científica, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Vicente Sos Baynat, 12071 Castellón (Spain).
| | - Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat. 12071 Castellón (Spain), Fax: (+34) 964387522.
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40
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Gan Q, Ronson TK, Vosburg DA, Thoburn JD, Nitschke JR. Cooperative Loading and Release Behavior of a Metal–Organic Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1770-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5120437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Vosburg
- Department
of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, 301 Platt Boulevard, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - John D. Thoburn
- Department
of Chemistry, Randolph-Macon College, 204 Henry Street, Ashland, Virginia 23005, United States
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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41
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Multiaddressable molecular rectangles with reversible host-guest interactions: modulation of pH-controlled guest release and capture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:690-5. [PMID: 25568083 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423709112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of multiaddressable platinum(II) molecular rectangles with different rigidities and cavity sizes has been synthesized by endcapping the U-shaped diplatinum(II) terpyridine moiety with various bis-alkynyl ligands. The studies of the host-guest association with various square planar platinum(II), palladium(II), and gold(III) complexes and the related low-dimensional gold(I) complexes, most of which are potential anticancer therapeutics, have been performed. Excellent guest confinement and selectivity of the rectangular architecture have been shown. Introduction of pH-responsive functionalities to the ligand backbone generates multifunctional molecular rectangles that exhibit reversible guest release and capture on the addition of acids and bases, indicating their potential in controlled therapeutics delivery on pH modulation. The reversible host-guest interactions are found to be strongly perturbed by metal-metal and π-π interactions and to a certain extent, electrostatic interactions, giving rise to various spectroscopic changes depending on the nature of the guest molecules. Their binding mode and thermodynamic parameters have been determined by 2D NMR and van't Hoff analysis and supported by computational study.
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42
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Kobayashi K, Yamanaka M. Self-assembled capsules based on tetrafunctionalized calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:449-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hemispherical structures of calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands are suitable for forming capsular assemblies with guest encapsulations through various intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
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43
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Bolliger JL, Ronson TK, Ogawa M, Nitschke JR. Solvent effects upon guest binding and dynamics of a Fe(II)4L4 cage. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14545-53. [PMID: 25226369 DOI: 10.1021/ja5077102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Solvent-dependent host-guest chemistry and favoring of otherwise disfavored conformations of large guests has been achieved with an adaptive, self-assembled Fe(II)4L4 coordination cage. Depending on the counterion, this face-capped tetrahedral capsule is soluble either in water or in acetonitrile and shows a solvent-dependent preference for encapsulation of certain classes of guest molecules. Quantitative binding studies were undertaken, revealing that both aromatic and aliphatic guests bind in water, whereas only aliphatic guests bind in acetonitrile. The flexibility of its subcomponent building blocks allows this cage to expand or contract upon guest binding, as studied by VT-NMR, thereby ensuring strong binding of both small and large guests. Upon encapsulation, large guest molecules can adopt conformations which are not thermodynamically favored in the free state. In addition, the chirotopic inner phase of the cage renders enantiotopic guest proton signals diastereotopic in specific cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne L Bolliger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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44
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Jiang W, Zhang H, Yang J, Liu YY, Liu HY, Ma JF. Three resorcin[4]arene-based complexes with Cu(ii)-exchange characteristics and fluorescence sensing of polyoxometalates in aqueous solutions. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Schweinfurth D, Zalibera M, Kathan M, Shen C, Mazzolini M, Trapp N, Crassous J, Gescheidt G, Diederich F. Helicene Quinones: Redox-Triggered Chiroptical Switching and Chiral Recognition of the Semiquinone Radical Anion Lithium Salt by Electron Nuclear Double Resonance Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:13045-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5069323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Schweinfurth
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Kathan
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chengshuo Shen
- Institut des Sciences
Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS—Université de Rennes
1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marcella Mazzolini
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Institut des Sciences
Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS—Université de Rennes
1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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46
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Pochorovski I, Diederich F. Development of redox-switchable resorcin[4]arene cavitands. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2096-105. [PMID: 24814219 DOI: 10.1021/ar500104k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Within the framework of miniaturization of electromechanical devices, the development of a redox-switchable molecular gripper as a tool for nanorobotics is appealing both from an academic and from a practical perspective. Such a tool should be able to controllably grab a molecular cargo, translocate it over considerable distances and time scales, and release it. Resorcin[4]arene cavitands seem to be an ideal platform for the development of molecular grippers due to their ability to adopt two spatially well-defined conformations: an expanded kite and a contracted vase. Furthermore, they possess "legs" for functionalization and attachment to metal surfaces. While changes in temperature, pH, and metal-ion concentration were known to induce conformational switching, redox-switchable cavitands remained a challenge. In this Account, we describe our efforts toward the development of a new class of resorcin[4]arene cavitands that are redox-switchable. First, we introduced the naphthoquinone moiety as a redox-active wall component and showed that cavitands containing four quinone walls strongly prefer the open kite conformation in both the quinone and hydroquinone redox states, while cavitands that contain two quinone and two quinoxaline walls can adopt both the vase and the kite conformations depending on solvent but not on redox state. Next, in order to introduce a driving force for the conformational switching process in diquinone cavitands, we designed cavitands with hydrogen bond acceptor groups on the quinoxaline walls. These acceptors were sought to establish hydrogen bonds with the hydroquinone groups in the reduced redox state, thereby stabilizing the vase form. Oxidation to the quinone state would remove these interactions, switching the cavitand back to the kite form. Cavitands equipped with different hydrogen bond acceptor groups were synthesized and evaluated. We found that carboxamide moieties are best suited to assist redox-induced switching of conformational and binding properties. With the goal of further increasing association constants and reducing guest-exchange rates via steric congestion, we exchanged the naphthoquinone with the triptycene-quinone moiety. The congesting influence of the triptycene-quinone moiety on the binding properties was quantified both in the presence and in the absence of additional hydrogen bond interactions that stabilize the vase form. X-ray crystallographic studies provided insights into the solid-state structures of the cavitands in different solvents and redox states. A significant enhancement of association constants and reduction in guest release rates was observed in the reduced redox state compared with the top-open system, yielding redox-switchable cavitand baskets. These studies represent a step towards the development of redox-switchable molecular grippers on metal surfaces. Future challenges will consist in the development of cavitands that will no longer rely on an external proton source for the switching process, allowing redox-switching to be performed in purely aprotic media. Finally, suitable leg functionalization would enable the grippers to be interfaced with metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pochorovski
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Mendez-Arroyo J, Barroso-Flores J, Lifschitz AM, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Mirkin CA. A Multi-State, Allosterically-Regulated Molecular Receptor With Switchable Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10340-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Mendez-Arroyo
- Department
of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joaquín Barroso-Flores
- Centro
Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México C. P. 50200, México
| | - Alejo M. Lifschitz
- Department
of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department
of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department
of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department
of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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48
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Galán A, Escudero-Adán EC, Frontera A, Ballester P. Synthesis, Structure, and Binding Properties of Lipophilic Cavitands Based on a Calix[4]pyrrole-Resorcinarene Hybrid Scaffold. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5545-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5007224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. Valldemossa
Km. 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Fankhauser D, Kolarski D, Grüning WR, Diederich F. Resorcin[4]arene-Based Molecular Baskets and Water-Soluble Container Molecules: Synthesis and1H NMR Host-Guest Complexation Studies. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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50
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Pochorovski I, Milić J, Kolarski D, Gropp C, Schweizer WB, Diederich F. Evaluation of Hydrogen-Bond Acceptors for Redox-Switchable Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3852-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411429b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pochorovski
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jovana Milić
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dušan Kolarski
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelius Gropp
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - W. Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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