1
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Bassey EN, Nguyen H, Insinna T, Lee J, Barra AL, Cibin G, Bencok P, Clément R, Grey CP. Strong Magnetic Exchange Interactions and Delocalized Mn-O States Enable High-Voltage Capacity in the Na-Ion Cathode P2-Na 0.67[Mg 0.28Mn 0.72]O 2. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:9493-9515. [PMID: 39398379 PMCID: PMC11467838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
The increased capacity offered by oxygen-redox active cathode materials for rechargeable lithium- and sodium-ion batteries (LIBs and NIBs, respectively) offers a pathway to the next generation of high-gravimetric-capacity cathodes for use in devices, transportation and on the grid. Many of these materials, however, are plagued with voltage fade, voltage hysteresis and O2 loss, the origins of which can be traced back to changes in their electronic and chemical structures on cycling. Developing a detailed understanding of these changes is critical to mitigating these cathodes' poor performance. In this work, we present an analysis of the redox mechanism of P2-Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2, a layered NIB cathode whose high capacity has previously been attributed to trapped O2 molecules. We examine a variety of charge compensation scenarios, calculate their corresponding densities of states and spectroscopic properties, and systematically compare the results to experimental data: 25Mg and 17O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, operando X-band and ex situ high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), ex situ magnetometry, and O and Mn K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES). Via a process of elimination, we suggest that the mechanism for O redox in this material is dominated by a process that involves the formation of strongly antiferromagnetic, delocalized Mn-O states which form after Mg2+ migration at high voltages. Our results primarily rely on noninvasive techniques that are vital to understanding the electronic structure of metastable cycled cathode samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan N. Bassey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Howie Nguyen
- Materials
Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
| | - Teresa Insinna
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul
National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Anne-Laure Barra
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, 38042 Grenoble
Cedex 9, France
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, 621 Av.
Centrale, 38400 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France
| | - Giannantonio Cibin
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United
Kingdom
| | - Peter Bencok
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United
Kingdom
| | - Raphaële
J. Clément
- Materials
Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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2
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Dai Y, Terskikh V, Wu G. A combined solid-state 1H, 13C, 17O NMR and periodic DFT study of hyperfine coupling tensors in paramagnetic copper(II) compounds. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2024; 132:101945. [PMID: 38968703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2024.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
We report solid-state 1H, 13C, and 17O NMR determination of hyperfine coupling tensors (A-tensors) in several paramagnetic Cu(II) (d9, S = 1/2) complexes: trans-Cu(DL-Ala)2·H217O, Cu([1-13C]acetate)2·H2O, Cu([2-13C]acetate)2·H2O, and Cu(acetate)2·H217O. Using these new experimental results and some A-tensor data available in the literature for trans-Cu(L-Ala)2 and K2CuCl4·2H2O, we were able to examine the accuracy of A-tensor computation from a periodic DFT method implemented in the BAND program. We evaluated A-tensors on 1H (I = 1/2), 13C (I = 1/2), 14N (I = 1), 17O (I = 5/2), 39K (I = 3/2), 35Cl (I = 3/2), and 63Cu (I = 3/2) nuclei over a range spanning more than 3 orders of magnitude. We found that the BAND code can reproduce reasonably well the experimental results for both A-tensors and nuclear quadrupole coupling tensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Victor Terskikh
- Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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3
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Kubicki DJ, Prochowicz D, Hofstetter A, Ummadisingu A, Emsley L. Speciation of Lanthanide Metal Ion Dopants in Microcrystalline All-Inorganic Halide Perovskite CsPbCl 3. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9554-9563. [PMID: 38548624 PMCID: PMC11009948 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanides are versatile modulators of optoelectronic properties owing to their narrow optical emission spectra across the visible and near-infrared range. Their use in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) has recently gained prominence, although their fate in these materials has not yet been established at the atomic level. We use cesium-133 solid-state NMR to establish the speciation of all nonradioactive lanthanide ions (La3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Sm2+, Eu3+, Eu2+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+, Lu3+) in microcrystalline CsPbCl3. Our results show that all lanthanides incorporate into the perovskite structure of CsPbCl3 regardless of their oxidation state (+2, +3).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Hofstetter
- Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amita Ummadisingu
- Manufacturing
Futures Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, WC1E 7JE London, United Kingdom
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Ashuiev A, Allouche F, Islam MA, Carvalho JP, Sanders KJ, Conley MP, Klose D, Lapadula G, Wörle M, Baabe D, Walter MD, Pell AJ, Copéret C, Jeschke G, Pintacuda G, Andersen RA. Geometry and electronic structure of Yb(III)[CH(SiMe 3) 2] 3 from EPR and solid-state NMR augmented by computations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8734-8747. [PMID: 38416412 PMCID: PMC10936694 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00281d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Characterization of paramagnetic compounds, in particular regarding the detailed conformation and electronic structure, remains a challenge, and - still today it often relies solely on the use of X-ray crystallography, thus limiting the access to electronic structure information. This is particularly true for lanthanide elements that are often associated with peculiar structural and electronic features in relation to their partially filled f-shell. Here, we develop a methodology based on the combined use of state-of-the-art magnetic resonance spectroscopies (EPR and solid-state NMR) and computational approaches as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements to determine the electronic structure and geometry of a paramagnetic Yb(III) alkyl complex, Yb(III)[CH(SiMe3)2]3, a prototypical example, which contains notable structural features according to X-ray crystallography. Each of these techniques revealed specific information about the geometry and electronic structure of the complex. Taken together, both EPR and NMR, augmented by quantum chemical calculations, provide a detailed and complementary understanding of such paramagnetic compounds. In particular, the EPR and NMR signatures point to the presence of three-centre-two-electron Yb-γ-Me-β-Si secondary metal-ligand interactions in this otherwise tri-coordinate metal complex, similarly to its diamagnetic Lu analogues. The electronic structure of Yb(III) can be described as a single 4f13 configuration, while an unusually large crystal-field splitting results in a thermally isolated ground Kramers doublet. Furthermore, the computational data indicate that the Yb-carbon bond contains some π-character, reminiscent of the so-called α-H agostic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Ashuiev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Florian Allouche
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Md Ashraful Islam
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - José P Carvalho
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svänte Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin J Sanders
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, University of California Riverside, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Daniel Klose
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Lapadula
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Wörle
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrew J Pell
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Richard A Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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5
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Bassey EN, Seymour ID, Bocarsly JD, Keen DA, Pintacuda G, Grey CP. Superstructure and Correlated Na + Hopping in a Layered Mg-Substituted Sodium Manganate Battery Cathode are Driven by Local Electroneutrality. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:10564-10583. [PMID: 38162043 PMCID: PMC10753809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present a variable-temperature 23Na NMR and variable-temperature and variable-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis of the local structure of a layered P2 Na-ion battery cathode material, Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2 (NMMO). For the first time, we elucidate the superstructure in this material by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and total neutron scattering and show that this superstructure is consistent with NMR and EPR spectra. To complement our experimental data, we carry out ab initio calculations of the quadrupolar and hyperfine 23Na NMR shifts, the Na+ ion hopping energy barriers, and the EPR g-tensors. We also describe an in-house simulation script for modeling the effects of ionic mobility on variable-temperature NMR spectra and use our simulations to interpret the experimental spectra, available upon request. We find long-zigzag-type Na ordering with two different types of Na sites, one with high mobility and the other with low mobility, and reconcile the tendency toward Na+/vacancy ordering to the preservation of local electroneutrality. The combined magnetic resonance methodology for studying local paramagnetic environments from the perspective of electron and nuclear spins will be useful for examining the local structures of materials for devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan N. Bassey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Joshua D. Bocarsly
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - David A. Keen
- ISIS
Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre
de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, UMR 5082 (CNRS/Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon), University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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6
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Koppe J, Frerichs JE, Hansen MR. Pushing the Detection Limit of Static Wideline NMR Spectroscopy Using Ultrafast Frequency-Swept Pulses. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10748-10753. [PMID: 38010530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple design strategy for wideband uniform-rate smooth truncation (WURST) pulses that enables ultrafast frequency sweeps to maximize the sensitivity of Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) acquisition in static wideline nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Three compelling examples showcase the advantage of ultrafast frequency sweeps over currently employed WURST-CPMG protocols, demonstrating the potential of investigating materials that are typically inaccessible to static wideline NMR techniques, e.g., paramagnetic solids with short homogeneous transverse relaxation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Koppe
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
- Centre de RMN Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Joop Enno Frerichs
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
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7
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Dorn RW, Carnahan SL, Cheng CY, Pan L, Hao Z, Rossini AJ. Structural characterization of tin in toothpaste by dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced 119Sn solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7423. [PMID: 37973961 PMCID: PMC10654397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stannous fluoride (SnF2) is an effective fluoride source and antimicrobial agent that is widely used in commercial toothpaste formulations. The antimicrobial activity of SnF2 is partly attributed to the presence of Sn(II) ions. However, it is challenging to directly determine the Sn speciation and oxidation state within commercially available toothpaste products due to the low weight loading of SnF2 (0.454 wt% SnF2, 0.34 wt% Sn) and the amorphous, semi-solid nature of the toothpaste. Here, we show that dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enables 119Sn solid-state NMR experiments that can probe the Sn speciation within commercially available toothpaste. Solid-state NMR experiments on SnF2 and SnF4 show that 19F isotropic chemical shift and 119Sn chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) are highly sensitive to the Sn oxidation state. DNP-enhanced 119Sn magic-angle turning (MAT) 2D NMR spectra of toothpastes resolve Sn(II) and Sn(IV) by their 119Sn chemical shift tensor parameters. Fits of DNP-enhanced 1D 1H → 119Sn solid-state NMR spectra allow the populations of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) within the toothpastes to be estimated. This analysis reveals that three of the four commercially available toothpastes contained at least 80% Sn(II), whereas one of the toothpaste contained a significantly higher amount of Sn(IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick W Dorn
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Scott L Carnahan
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | - Long Pan
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Zhigang Hao
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA.
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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8
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Koppe J, Pell AJ. Structure Determination and Refinement of Paramagnetic Materials by Solid-State NMR. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2023; 3:419-433. [PMID: 37780542 PMCID: PMC10540298 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Paramagnetism in solid-state materials has long been considered an additional challenge for structural investigations by using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR). The strong interactions between unpaired electrons and the surrounding atomic nuclei, on the one hand, are complex to describe, and on the other hand can cause fast decaying signals and extremely broad resonances. However, significant progress has been made over the recent years in developing both theoretical models to understand and calculate the frequency shifts due to paramagnetism and also more sophisticated experimental protocols for obtaining high-resolution ssNMR spectra. While the field is continuously moving forward, to date, the combination of state-of-the-art numerical and experimental techniques enables us to obtain high-quality data for a variety of systems. This involves the determination of several ssNMR parameters that represent different contributions to the frequency shift in paramagnetic solids. These contributions encode structural information on the studied material on various length scales, ranging from crystal morphologies, to the mid- and long-range order, down to the local atomic bonding environment. In this perspective, the different ssNMR parameters characteristic for paramagnetic materials are discussed with a focus on their interpretation in terms of structure. This includes a summary of studies that have explored the information content of these ssNMR parameters, mostly to complement experimental data from other methods, e.g., X-ray diffraction. The presented overview aims to demonstrate how far ssNMR has hitherto been able to determine and refine the structures of materials and to discuss where it currently falls short of its full potential. We attempt to highlight how much further ssNMR can be pushed to determine and refine structure to deliver a comprehensive structural characterization of paramagnetic materials comparable to what is to date achieved by the combined effort of electron microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Koppe
- Centre
de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 −
CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andrew J. Pell
- Centre
de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 −
CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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9
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Ince R, Doudouh A, Claiser N, Furet É, Guizouarn T, Le Pollès L, Kervern G. Determining Local Magnetic Susceptibility Tensors in Paramagnetic Lanthanide Crystalline Powders from Solid-State NMR Chemical Shift Anisotropies. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1547-1554. [PMID: 36744789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exploring magnetic properties at the molecular level is a challenge that has been met by developing many experimental and theoretical solutions, such as polarized neutron diffraction (PND), muon-spin rotation (μ-SR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), SQUID-based magnetometry measurements, and advanced modeling on open-shell systems and relativistic calculations. These methods are powerful tools that shed light on the local magnetic response in specifically designed magnetic materials such as contrast agents, for MRI, molecular magnets, magnetic tags for biological NMR, etc. All of these methods have their advantages and disadvantages. In order to complement the possibilities offered by these methods, we propose a new tool that implements a new approach combining simulation and fitting for high-resolution solid-state NMR spectra of lanthanide-based paramagnetic species. This method relies on a rigorous acquisition thanks to short high-power adiabatic pulses (SHAP) of high-resolution solid-state NMR isotropic and anisotropic data on a powdered magnetic material. It is also based on an efficient modeling of this data thanks to a semiempirical model based on a parametrization of the local magnetism and the crystal structure provided by diffraction methods. The efficiency of the calculation relies on a thorough simplification of the electron-nucleus interactions (point-dipole interaction, no Fermi contact) which is validated by experimental analysis. By taking advantage of the efficient calculation possibilities offered by our method, we can compare a great number of simulated spectra to experimental data and find the best-matching local magnetic susceptibility tensor. This method was applied to a series of isostructural lanthanide oxalates which are used as a benchmark system for many analytical methods. We present the results of thorough solid-state NMR and extensive modeling of the hyperfine interaction (including up to 400 paramagnetic centers) that yield local magnetic susceptibility tensor measurements that are self-consistent as well as consistent with bulk susceptibility measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridvan Ince
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 (UL-CNRS) CRM2, BP 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F 54506Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Abdelatif Doudouh
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 (UL-CNRS) CRM2, BP 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F 54506Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Claiser
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 (UL-CNRS) CRM2, BP 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F 54506Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Éric Furet
- ENSCR, UMR 6226 (UL-CNRS) École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu - Bâtiment 10B, F 35042Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Guizouarn
- ISCR, UMR 6226 (UL-CNRS) Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu - Bâtiment 10B, F 35042Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Le Pollès
- ENSCR, UMR 6226 (UL-CNRS) École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu - Bâtiment 10B, F 35042Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Gwendal Kervern
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 (UL-CNRS) CRM2, BP 70239 Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F 54506Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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10
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Xu J, Liu X, Liu X, Yan T, Wan H, Cao Z, Reimer JA. Deconvolution of metal apportionment in bulk metal-organic frameworks. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd5503. [PMID: 36332019 PMCID: PMC9635837 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a general route to decipher the apportionment of metal ions in bulk metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We demonstrate this route in Mg1-xNix-MOF-74, where we uncover all eight possible atomic-scale Mg/Ni arrangements through identification and quantification of the distinct chemical environments of 13C-labeled carboxylates as a function of the Ni content. Here, we use magnetic susceptibility, bond pathway, and density functional theory calculations to identify local metal bonding configurations. The results refute the notion of random apportionment from solution synthesis; rather, we reveal that only two of eight Mg/Ni arrangements are preferred in the Ni-incorporated MOFs. These preferred structural arrangements manifest themselves in macroscopic adsorption phenomena as illustrated by CO/CO2 breakthrough curves. We envision that this nondestructive methodology can be further applied to analyze bulk assembly of other mixed-metal MOFs, greatly extending the knowledge on structure-property relationships of MOFs and their derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering and National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xingwu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hongliu Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Clean Fuels, Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Huairou District, Beijing 101400, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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11
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Bassey EN, Reeves PJ, Seymour ID, Grey CP. 17O NMR Spectroscopy in Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials: Challenges and Interpretation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18714-18729. [PMID: 36201656 PMCID: PMC9585580 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Modern studies of lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials
employ
a large range of experimental and theoretical techniques to understand
the changes in bulk and local chemical and electronic structures during
electrochemical cycling (charge and discharge). Despite its being
rich in useful chemical information, few studies to date have used 17O NMR spectroscopy. Many LIB cathode materials contain paramagnetic
ions, and their NMR spectra are dominated by hyperfine and quadrupolar
interactions, giving rise to broad resonances with extensive spinning
sideband manifolds. In principle, careful analysis of these spectra
can reveal information about local structural distortions, magnetic
exchange interactions, structural inhomogeneities (Li+ concentration
gradients), and even the presence of redox-active O anions. In this
Perspective, we examine the primary interactions governing 17O NMR spectroscopy of LIB cathodes and outline how 17O
NMR may be used to elucidate the structure of pristine cathodes and
their structural evolution on cycling, providing insight into the
challenges in obtaining and interpreting the spectra. We also discuss
the use of 17O NMR in the context of anionic redox and
the role this technique may play in understanding the charge compensation
mechanisms in high-capacity cathodes, and we provide suggestions for
employing 17O NMR in future avenues of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan N Bassey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Reeves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ieuan D Seymour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom.,Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, LondonSW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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12
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Lin M, Xiong J, Su M, Wang F, Liu X, Hou Y, Fu R, Yang Y, Cheng J. A machine learning protocol for revealing ion transport mechanisms from dynamic NMR shifts in paramagnetic battery materials. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7863-7872. [PMID: 35865892 PMCID: PMC9258323 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) provides local environments and dynamic fingerprints of alkali ions in paramagnetic battery materials. Linking the local ionic environments and NMR signals requires expensive first-principles computational tools that have been developed for over a decade. Nevertheless, the assignment of the dynamic NMR spectra of high-rate battery materials is still challenging because the local structures and dynamic information of alkali ions are highly correlated and difficult to acquire. Herein, we develop a novel machine learning (ML) protocol that could not only quickly sample atomic configurations but also predict chemical shifts efficiently, which enables us to calculate dynamic NMR shifts with the accuracy of density functional theory (DFT). Using structurally well-defined P2-type Na2/3(Mg1/3Mn2/3)O2 as an example, we validate the ML protocol and show the significance of dynamic effects on chemical shifts. Moreover, with the protocol, it is demonstrated that the two experimental 23Na shifts (1406 and 1493 ppm) of P2-type Na2/3(Ni1/3Mn2/3)O2 originate from two stacking sequences of transition metal (TM) layers for the first time, which correspond to space groups P63/mcm and P6322, respectively. This ML protocol could help to correlate dynamic ssNMR spectra with the local structures and fast transport of alkali ions and is expected to be applicable to a wide range of fast dynamic systems. We developed a widely applicable machine learning (ML) method that can help to correlate dynamic ssNMR spectra with the local structures and transport of ions and thus expands the ssNMR application to fast chemically exchanged material systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jingfang Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Mintao Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Feng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiangsi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yifan Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Yong Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China .,College of Energy, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China .,Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM) Xiamen 361005 China
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13
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Jardón-Álvarez D, Malka T, van Tol J, Feldman Y, Carmieli R, Leskes M. Monitoring electron spin fluctuations with paramagnetic relaxation enhancement. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 336:107143. [PMID: 35085928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic interactions between the spin of an unpaired electron and the surrounding nuclear spins can be exploited to gain structural information, to reduce nuclear relaxation times as well as to create nuclear hyperpolarization via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). A central aspect that determines how these interactions manifest from the point of view of NMR is the timescale of the fluctuations of the magnetic moment of the electron spins. These fluctuations, however, are elusive, particularly when electron relaxation times are short or interactions among electronic spins are strong. Here we map the fluctuations by analyzing the ratio between longitudinal and transverse nuclear relaxation times T1/T2, a quantity which depends uniquely on the rate of the electron fluctuations and the Larmor frequency of the involved nuclei. This analysis enables rationalizing the evolution of NMR lineshapes, signal quenching as well as DNP enhancements as a function of the concentration of the paramagnetic species and the temperature, demonstrated here for LiMg1-xMnxPO4 and Fe(III) doped Li4Ti5O12, respectively. For the latter, we observe a linear dependence of the DNP enhancement and the electron relaxation time within a temperature range between 100 and 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jardón-Álvarez
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tahel Malka
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Johan van Tol
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States
| | - Yishay Feldman
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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14
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Haber S, Leskes M. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in battery materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 117:101763. [PMID: 34890977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2021.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing need for portable and large-scale energy storage systems requires development of new, long lasting and highly efficient battery systems. Solid state NMR spectroscopy has emerged as an excellent method for characterizing battery materials. Yet, it is limited when it comes to probing thin interfacial layers which play a central role in the performance and lifetime of battery cells. Here we review how Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) can lift the sensitivity limitation and enable detection of the electrode-electrolyte interface, as well as the bulk of some electrode and electrolyte systems. We describe the current challenges from the point of view of materials development; considering how the unique electronic, magnetic and chemical properties differentiate battery materials from other applications of DNP in materials science. We review the current applications of exogenous and endogenous DNP from radicals, conduction electrons and paramagnetic metal ions. Finally, we provide our perspective on the opportunities and directions where battery materials can benefit from current DNP methodologies as well as project on future developments that will enable NMR investigation of battery materials with sensitivity and selectivity under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Haber
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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15
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Indris S, Bredow T, Schwarz B, Eichhöfer A. Paramagnetic 7Li NMR Shifts and Magnetic Properties of Divalent Transition Metal Silylamide Ate Complexes [LiM{N(SiMe 3) 2} 3] (M 2+ = Mn, Fe, Co). Inorg Chem 2021; 61:554-567. [PMID: 34931842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
7Li NMR shifts and magnetic properties have been determined for three so-called ate complexes [LiM{N(SiMe3)2}3] (M2+ = Mn, Fe, Co; e.g., named lithium-tris(bis(trimethylsilylamide))-manganate(II) in accordance with a formally negative charge assigned to the complex fragment [M{N(SiMe3)2}3]-, which comprises the transition metal). They are formed by addition reactions of LiN(SiMe3)2 and [M{N(SiMe3)2}2] and stabilized by Lewis base/Lewis acid interactions. The results are compared to those of the related "ion-separated" complexes [Li(15-crown-5)][M{N(SiMe3)2}3]. The ate complexes with the lithium atoms connected to the 3d metal atoms manganese, iron, or cobalt via μ2 nitrogen bridges reveal strong 7Li NMR paramagnetic shifts of about -75, 125, and 171 ppm, respectively, whereas the shifts for the lithium ions coordinated by the 15-crown-5 ether are close to zero. The observed trends of the 7Li NMR shifts are confirmed by density-functional theory calculations. The magnetic dc and ac properties display distinct differences for the six compounds under investigation. Both manganese compounds, [LiMn{N(SiMe3)2}3] and [Li(15-crown-5)][Mn{N(SiMe3)2}3], display almost pure and ideal spin-only paramagnetic behavior of a 3d5 high-spin complex. In this respect slightly unexpected, both complexes show slow relaxation behavior at low temperatures under applied dc fields, which is especially pronounced for the ate complex [LiMn{N(SiMe3)2}3]. Dc magnetic properties of the iron complexes reveal moderate g-factor anisotropies with small values of the axial magnetic anisotropy parameter D and a larger E (transversal anisotropy). Both complexes display at low temperatures and, under external dc fields of up to 5000 Oe, only weak ac signals with no maxima in the frequency range from 1 to 1500 s-1. In contrast, the two cobalt complexes display strong g-factor anisotropies with large values of D and E. In addition, in both cases, the ac measurements at low temperatures and applied dc fields reveal two, in terms of their frequency range, well separated relaxation processes with maxima lying for the most part outside of the measurement range between 1 and 1500 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn Schwarz
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andreas Eichhöfer
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus Nord, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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16
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Blahut J, Lejeune AL, Ehrling S, Senkovska I, Kaskel S, Wisser FM, Pintacuda G. Untersuchung von Dynamik, Struktur und Magnetismus von schaltbaren Metall‐organischen Gerüstverbindungen mittels
1
H‐detektierter MAS‐NMR‐Spektroskopie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- NMR Laboratory Faculty of Science Charles University Hlavova 8 12842 Prag Czech Republic
| | - Arthur L. Lejeune
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- IFP Energies Nouvelles 69360 Solaize Frankreich
| | - Sebastian Ehrling
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Derzeitige Adresse: 3P Instruments GmbH & Co. KG Rudolf-Diesel-Straße 12 85235 Odelzhausen Deutschland
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Professur für Anorganische Chemie I Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Florian M. Wisser
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS, UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCBL) Université de Lyon 69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
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17
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Blahut J, Lejeune AL, Ehrling S, Senkovska I, Kaskel S, Wisser FM, Pintacuda G. Monitoring Dynamics, Structure, and Magnetism of Switchable Metal-Organic Frameworks via 1 H-Detected MAS NMR. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21778-21783. [PMID: 34273230 PMCID: PMC8519119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a toolbox for the rapid characterisation of powdered samples of paramagnetic metal-organic frameworks at natural abundance by 1 H-detected solid-state NMR. Very fast MAS rates at room and cryogenic temperatures and a set of tailored radiofrequency irradiation schemes help overcome the sensitivity and resolution limits often associated with the characterisation of MOF materials. We demonstrate the approach on DUT-8(Ni), a framework containing Ni2+ paddle-wheel units which can exist in two markedly different architectures. Resolved 1 H and 13 C resonances of organic linkers are detected and assigned in few hours with only 1-2 mg of sample at natural isotopic abundance, and used to rapidly extract information on structure and local internal dynamics of the assemblies, as well as to elucidate the metal electronic properties over an extended temperature range. The experiments disclose new possibilities for describing local and global structural changes and correlating them to electronic and magnetic properties of the assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- NMR LaboratoryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityHlavova 812842PragueCzech Republic
| | - Arthur L. Lejeune
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- IFP Energies Nouvelles69360SolaizeFrance
| | - Sebastian Ehrling
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
- Present address: 3P Instruments GmbH & Co. KGRudolf-Diesel-Strasse 1285235OdelzhausenGermany
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry ITechnische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
| | - Florian M. Wisser
- IRCELYON (UMR 5256 CNRS, UCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts ChampsUMR 5082 CNRSENS LyonUCBL)Université de Lyon69100VilleurbanneFrance
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18
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Wübker A, Koppe J, Bradtmüller H, Keweloh L, Pleschka D, Uhl W, Hansen MR, Eckert H. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Geminal Alane-Phosphane Frustrated Lewis Pairs and Secondary Adducts. Chemistry 2021; 27:13249-13257. [PMID: 34270155 PMCID: PMC8518393 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The first comprehensive solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterization of geminal alane-phosphane frustrated Lewis pairs (Al/P FLPs) is reported. Their relevant NMR parameters (isotropic chemical shifts, direct and indirect 27 Al-31 P spin-spin coupling constants, and 27 Al nuclear electric quadrupole coupling tensor components) have been determined by numerical analysis of the experimental NMR line shapes and compared with values computed from the known crystal structures by using density functional theory (DFT) methods. Our work demonstrates that the 31 P NMR chemical shifts for the studied Al/P FLPs are very sensitive to slight structural inequivalences. The 27 Al NMR central transition signals are spread out over a broad frequency range (>200 kHz), owing to the presence of strong nuclear electric quadrupolar interactions that can be well-reproduced by the static 27 Al wideband uniform rate smooth truncation (WURST) Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (WCPMG) NMR experiment. 27 Al chemical shifts and quadrupole tensor components offer a facile and clear distinction between three- and four-coordinate aluminum environments. For measuring internuclear Al⋅⋅⋅P distances a new resonance-echo saturation-pulse double-resonance (RESPDOR) experiment was developed by using efficient saturation via frequency-swept WURST pulses. The successful implementation of this widely applicable technique indicates that internuclear Al⋅⋅⋅P distances in these compounds can be measured within a precision of ±0.1 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna‐Lena Wübker
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Jonas Koppe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Henrik Bradtmüller
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- Department of Materials EngineeringVitreous Materials LaboratoryFederal University of São CarlosCP 67613565-905São CarlosSPBrazil
| | - Lukas Keweloh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Damian Pleschka
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie WWU MünsterCorrensstraße 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- Instituto de Física de São CarlosUniversidade de São PauloSão CarlosSP13566-590Brazil
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19
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Blahut J, Benda L, Lejeune AL, Sanders KJ, Burcher B, Jeanneau E, Proriol D, Catita L, Breuil PAR, Quoineaud AA, Pell AJ, Pintacuda G. Proton-detected fast-magic-angle spinning NMR of paramagnetic inorganic solids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29870-29876. [PMID: 35479571 PMCID: PMC9040908 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04110j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast (60 kHz) magic angle spinning solid-state NMR allows very sensitive proton detection in highly paramagnetic organometallic powders. We showcase this technique with the complete assignment of 1H and 13C resonances in a high-spin Fe(ii) polymerisation catalyst with less than 2 mg of sample at natural abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Ladislav Benda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Arthur L Lejeune
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize 69360 Solaize France
| | - Kevin J Sanders
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Benjamin Burcher
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize 69360 Solaize France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon (UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - David Proriol
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize 69360 Solaize France
| | - Leonor Catita
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize 69360 Solaize France
| | | | | | - Andrew J Pell
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
- Stockholm University, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Svante Arrhenius väg 16C SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1) 5 rue de la Doua 69100 Villeurbanne France
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20
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Abstract
Poly(carbon monofluoride), or (CF)n, is a layered fluorinated graphite material consisting of nanosized platelets. Here, we present experimental multidimensional solid-state NMR spectra of (CF)n, supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of NMR parameters, which overhauls our understanding of structure and bonding in the material by elucidating many ways in which disorder manifests. We observe strong 19F NMR signals conventionally assigned to elongated or "semi-ionic" C-F bonds and find that these signals are in fact due to domains where the framework locally adopts boat-like cyclohexane conformations. We calculate that C-F bonds are weakened but are not elongated by this conformational disorder. Exchange NMR suggests that conformational disorder avoids platelet edges. We also use a new J-resolved NMR method for disordered solids, which provides molecular-level resolution of highly fluorinated edge states. The strings of consecutive difluoromethylene groups at edges are relatively mobile. Topologically distinct edge features, including zigzag edges, crenellated edges, and coves, are resolved in our samples by solid-state NMR. Disorder should be controllable in a manner dependent on synthesis, affording new opportunities for tuning the properties of graphite fluorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brennan J Walder
- Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Organic Materials Science, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Todd M Alam
- Sandia National Laboratories, Department of Organic Materials Science, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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21
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Bassey EN, Reeves PJ, Jones MA, Lee J, Seymour ID, Cibin G, Grey CP. Structural Origins of Voltage Hysteresis in the Na-Ion Cathode P2-Na 0.67[Mg 0.28Mn 0.72]O 2: A Combined Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Study. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:4890-4906. [PMID: 34276134 PMCID: PMC8280737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
P2-layered sodium-ion battery (NIB) cathodes are a promising class of Na-ion electrode materials with high Na+ mobility and relatively high capacities. In this work, we report the structural changes that take place in P2-Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2. Using ex situ X-ray diffraction, Mn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and 23Na NMR spectroscopy, we identify the bulk phase changes along the first electrochemical charge-discharge cycle-including the formation of a high-voltage "Z phase", an intergrowth of the OP4 and O2 phases. Our ab initio transition state searches reveal that reversible Mg2+ migration in the Z phase is both kinetically and thermodynamically favorable at high voltages. We propose that Mg2+ migration is a significant contributor to the observed voltage hysteresis in Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2 and identify qualitative changes in the Na+ ion mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan N. Bassey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Philip J. Reeves
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Jones
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul
National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Giannantonio Cibin
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
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22
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Koppe J, Bußkamp M, Hansen MR. Frequency-Swept Ultra-Wideline Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5643-5649. [PMID: 34138561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the development of solid-state NMR techniques that allow the direct investigation of extremely wide inhomogeneously broadened resonance lines. To date, this typically involves the application of frequency sweeps as offered by wideband uniform rate smooth truncation (WURST) pulses. While the effects of such advanced irradiation schemes on static samples are well understood, the interference between the varying carrier frequency and the time-dependent evolution of the spin system under magic-angle spinning (MAS) conditions is more complex. Herein, we introduce the well-known WURST-Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (WCPMG) pulse sequence for spinning samples. Using numerical spin-density matrix analysis, an ideal design based on fast frequency sweeps and high truncation of the incorporated WURST pulses is presented that enables uniform excitation/refocusing under MAS conditions with low-to-moderate radio-frequency power requirements. This permits the acquisition of ultra-wideline MAS NMR lines exceeding 500 kHz with chemical shift resolution in a single transmitter step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Koppe
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Max Bußkamp
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 28/30, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, DE-48149 Münster, Germany
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23
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Venkatesh A, Perras FA, Rossini AJ. Proton-detected solid-state NMR spectroscopy of spin-1/2 nuclei with large chemical shift anisotropy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 327:106983. [PMID: 33964731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constant-time (CT) dipolar heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (D-HMQC) has previously been demonstrated as a method for proton detection of high-resolution wideline NMR spectra of spin-1/2 nuclei with large chemical shift anisotropy (CSA). However, 1H transverse relaxation and t1-noise often reduce the sensitivity of D-HMQC experiments, preventing the theoretical gains in sensitivity provided by 1H detection from being realized. Here we demonstrate a series of improved pulse sequences for 1H detection of spin-1/2 nuclei under fast MAS, with 195Pt SSNMR experiments on cisplatin as an example. First, a t1-incrementation protocol for D-HMQC dubbed Arbitrary Indirect Dwell (AID) is demonstrated. AID allows the use of arbitrary, rotor asynchronous t1-increments, but removes the constant time period from CT D-HMQC, resulting in improved sensitivity by reducing transverse relaxation losses. Next, we show that short high-power adiabatic pulses (SHAPs), which efficiently invert broad MAS sideband manifolds, can be effectively incorporated into 1H detected symmetry-based resonance echo double resonance (S-REDOR) and t1-noise eliminated (TONE) D-HMQC experiments. The S-REDOR experiments with SHAPs provide approximately double the dipolar dephasing, as compared to experiments with rectangular inversion pulses. We lastly show that sensitivity and resolution can be further enhanced with the use of swept excitation pulses as well as adiabatic magic angle turning (aMAT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Venkatesh
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | - Aaron J Rossini
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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24
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Lin M, Liu X, Xiang Y, Wang F, Liu Y, Fu R, Cheng J, Yang Y. Unravelling the Fast Alkali‐Ion Dynamics in Paramagnetic Battery Materials Combined with NMR and Deep‐Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiangsi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuxuan Xiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Feng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yunpei Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Jun Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yong Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- College of Energy Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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25
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Pell AJ. A method to calculate the NMR spectra of paramagnetic species using thermalized electronic relaxation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 326:106939. [PMID: 33744830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For paramagnetic species, it has been long understood that the hyperfine interaction between the unpaired electrons and the nucleus results in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) peak that is shifted by a paramagnetic shift, rather than split by the coupling, due to an averaging of the electronic magnetic moment caused by electronic relaxation that is fast in comparison to the hyperfine coupling constant. However, although this feature of paramagnetic NMR has formed the basis of all theories of the paramagnetic shift, the precise theory and mechanism of the electronic relaxation required to predict this result has never been discussed, nor has the assertion been tested. In this paper, we show that the standard semi-classical Redfield theory of relaxation fails to predict a paramagnetic shift, as does any attempt to correct for the semi-classical theory using modifications such as the inhomogeneous master equation or Levitt-di Bari thermalization. In fact, only the recently-introduced Lindbladian theory of relaxation in magnetic resonance [J.Magn.Reson., 310, 106645 (2019)] is able to correctly predict the paramagnetic shift tensor and relaxation-induced linewidth in pNMR. Furthermore, this new formalism is able to predict the NMR spectra of paramagnetic species outside the high-temperature and weak-order limits, and is therefore also applicable to dynamic nuclear polarization. The formalism is tested by simulations of five case studies, which include Fermi-contact and spin-dipolar hyperfine couplings, g-anisotropy, zero-field splitting, high and low temperatures, and fast and slow electronic relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Pell
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svänte Arrhenius väg 16 C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre de RMN Trés Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR5082 CNRS/ENS-Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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26
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Lin M, Liu X, Xiang Y, Wang F, Liu Y, Fu R, Cheng J, Yang Y. Unravelling the Fast Alkali-Ion Dynamics in Paramagnetic Battery Materials Combined with NMR and Deep-Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12547-12553. [PMID: 33725391 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) has received extensive attention in characterizing alkali-ion battery materials because it is highly sensitive for probing the local environment and dynamic information of atoms/ions. However, precise spectral assignment cannot be carried out by conventional DFT for high-rate battery materials at room temperature. Herein, combining DFT calculation of paramagnetic shift and deep potential molecular dynamics (DPMD) simulation to achieve the converged Na+ distribution at hundreds of nanoseconds, we obtain the statistically averaged paramagnetic shift, which is in excellent agreement with ssNMR measurements. Two 23 Na shifts induced by different stacking sequences of transition metal layers are revealed in the fast chemically exchanged NMR spectra of P2-type Na2/3 (Mg1/3 Mn2/3 )O2 for the first time. This DPMD simulation auxiliary protocol can be beneficial to a wide range of ssNMR analysis in fast chemically exchanged material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiangsi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuxuan Xiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yunpei Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Jun Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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27
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Carvalho JP, Pell AJ. Frequency-swept adiabatic pulses for broadband solid-state MAS NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 324:106911. [PMID: 33482528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a complete description of frequency-swept adiabatic pulses applied to isolated spin-1/2 nuclei with a shift anisotropy in solid materials under magic-angle spinning. Our theoretical framework unifies the existing descriptions of adiabatic pulses in the high-power regime, where the radiofrequency (RF) amplitude is greater than twice the spinning frequency, and the low-power regime, where the RF power is less than the spinning frequency, and so links the short high-powered adiabatic pulse (SHAP) and single-sideband-selective adiabatic pulses (S3AP) schemes used in paramagnetic solid-state NMR. We also identify a hitherto unidentified third regime intermediate between the low- and high-power regimes, and separated from them by rotary resonance conditions. We show that the prevailing benchmark of inversion performance based on (super) adiabatic factors is only applicable in the high- and intermediate-power regimes, but fails to account both for the poor performance at rotary resonance, and the impressive inversion seen in the low-power regime. For low-power pulses, which are non-adiabatic according to this definition of (super) adiabaticity, the effective Floquet Hamiltonian in the jolting frame reveals "hidden" (super) adiabaticity. The theory is demonstrated using a combination of simulation and experiment, and is used to refine the practical recommendations for the experimentalist who wishes to use these pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P Carvalho
- Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svänte Arrhenius väg 16 C 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew J Pell
- Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svänte Arrhenius väg 16 C 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre de RMN Trés Hauts Champs de Lyon (FRE 2034 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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28
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Bertarello A, Benda L, Sanders KJ, Pell AJ, Knight MJ, Pelmenschikov V, Gonnelli L, Felli IC, Kaupp M, Emsley L, Pierattelli R, Pintacuda G. Picometer Resolution Structure of the Coordination Sphere in the Metal-Binding Site in a Metalloprotein by NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16757-16765. [PMID: 32871082 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Most of our understanding of chemistry derives from atomic-level structures obtained with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Metal centers in X-ray structures of small organometallic or coordination complexes are often extremely well-defined, with errors in the positions on the order of 10-4-10-5 Å. Determining the metal coordination geometry to high accuracy is essential for understanding metal center reactivity, as even small structural changes can dramatically alter the metal activity. In contrast, the resolution of X-ray structures in proteins is limited typically to the order of 10-1 Å. This resolution is often not sufficient to develop precise structure-activity relations for the metal sites in proteins, because the uncertainty in positions can cover all of the known ranges of bond lengths and bond angles for a given type of metal complex. Here we introduce a new approach that enables the determination of a high-definition structure of the active site of a metalloprotein from a powder sample, by combining magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, tailored radio frequency (RF) irradiation schemes, and computational approaches. This allows us to overcome the "blind sphere" in paramagnetic proteins, and to observe and assign 1H, 13C, and 15N resonances for the ligands directly coordinating the metal center. We illustrate the method by determining the bond lengths in the structure of the CoII coordination sphere at the core of human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) with 0.7 pm precision. The coordination geometry of the resulting structure explains the nonreactive nature of the CoII/ZnII centers in these proteins, which allows them to play a purely structural role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bertarello
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France.,École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Ladislav Benda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Kevin J Sanders
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Andrew J Pell
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Michael J Knight
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Vladimir Pelmenschikov
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Straße des 17 Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Leonardo Gonnelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Isabella C Felli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Straße des 17 Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Pierattelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, FRE 2034 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/ENS Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
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29
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Resolving Dirac electrons with broadband high-resolution NMR. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1285. [PMID: 32152300 PMCID: PMC7062727 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting the metallic Dirac electronic states on the surface of Topological Insulators (TIs) is critical for the study of important surface quantum properties (SQPs), such as Majorana zero modes, where simultaneous probing of the bulk and edge electron states is required. However, there is a particular shortage of experimental methods, showing at atomic resolution how Dirac electrons extend and interact with the bulk interior of nanoscaled TI systems. Herein, by applying advanced broadband solid-state 125Te nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods on Bi2Te3 nanoplatelets, we succeeded in uncovering the hitherto invisible NMR signals with magnetic shielding that is influenced by the Dirac electrons, and we subsequently showed how the Dirac electrons spread inside the nanoplatelets. In this way, the spin and orbital magnetic susceptibilities induced by the bulk and edge electron states were simultaneously measured at atomic scale resolution, providing a pertinent experimental approach in the study of SQPs. The detection of topological states is restricted to limited experimental tools. Here, the authors apply broadband solid-state 125Te nuclear magnetic resonance on Bi2Te3 nanoplatelets uncovering signals distinguishing edge Dirac electrons and bulk electrons.
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30
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Wang KP, Shen TT, Chen DM, Wang WL. Density functional theory and electrochemistry studies on LiFexMn1−xPO4 solid solutions. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1904071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-ping Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tao-tao Shen
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dong-ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wen-lou Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
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31
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Smiley DL, Carlier D, Goward GR. Combining density functional theory and 23Na NMR to characterize Na 2FePO 4F as a potential sodium ion battery cathode. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 103:1-8. [PMID: 31404814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium ion batteries offer an inexpensive alternative to lithium ion batteries, particularly for large-scale applications such as grid storage that do not require fast charging rates and high power output. Moreover, the use of polyanionic structures as cathode materials afford incredibly high structural stability relative to layered transition metal oxides that can undergo a structural collapse upon full removal of the charge carrying ions. Sodium iron fluorophosphate, Na2FePO4F, has demonstrated its viability as a potential cathode material for sodium ion batteries, having a robust framework even after multiple charge-discharge cycles. Although solid-state NMR has traditionally been an excellent method for the determination of local structure and dynamic properties of cathode materials during the electrochemical cycling process, reliable assignment of the 23Na chemical shifts resulting from the paramagnetic hyperfine interaction can be difficult when using only empirical rules. Here we present the use of density functional theory calculations to assign the experimentally observed NMR shifts to the crystallographic sites in Na2FePO4F, where it is found that the results do not agree with the previously reported assignment based upon simple geometry arguments. Furthermore, we report the justification of the proposed desodiation mechanism in Na2FePO4F on the basis of theoretical arguments, in good agreement with experimental NMR results reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Smiley
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Dany Carlier
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Gillian R Goward
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada.
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32
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Hope MA, Halat DM, Lee J, Grey CP. A 17O paramagnetic NMR study of Sm 2O 3, Eu 2O 3, and Sm/Eu-substituted CeO 2. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 102:21-30. [PMID: 31226536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Paramagnetic solid-state NMR of lanthanide (Ln) containing materials can be challenging due to the high electron spin states possible for the Ln f electrons, which result in large paramagnetic shifts, and these difficulties are compounded for 17O due to the low natural abundance and quadrupolar character. In this work, we present examples of 17O NMR experiments for lanthanide oxides and strategies to overcome these difficulties. In particular, we record and assign the 17O NMR spectra of monoclinic Sm2O3 and Eu2O3 for the first time, as well as performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations to gain further insight into the spectra. The temperature dependence of the Sm3+ and Eu3+ magnetic susceptibilities are investigated by measuring the 17O shift of the cubic sesquioxides over a wide temperature range, which reveal non-Curie temperature dependence due to the presence of low-lying electronic states. This behaviour is reproduced by calculating the electron spin as a function of temperature, yielding shifts which agree well with the experimental values. Using the understanding of the magnetic behaviour gained from the sesquioxides, we then explore the local oxygen environments in 15 at% Sm- and Eu-substituted CeO2, with the 17O NMR spectrum exhibiting signals due to environments with zero, one and two nearest neighbour Ln ions, as well as further splitting due to oxygen vacancies. Finally, we extract an activation energy for oxygen vacancy motion in these systems of 0.35 ± 0.02 eV from the Arrhenius temperature dependence of the 17O T1 relaxation constants, which is found to be independent of the Ln ion within error. The relation of this activation energy to literature values for oxygen diffusion in Ln-substituted CeO2 is discussed to infer mechanistic information which can be applied to further develop these materials as solid-state oxide-ion conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Hope
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David M Halat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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33
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Aleksis R, Carvalho JP, Jaworski A, Pell AJ. Artefact-free broadband 2D NMR for separation of quadrupolar and paramagnetic shift interactions. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:51-62. [PMID: 31121358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two new two-dimensional, broadband, solid-state NMR experiments for separating and correlating the quadrupolar and shift interactions of spin I=1 nuclei in paramagnetic systems are proposed. The new pulse sequences incorporate the short, high-power adiabatic pulses (SHAPs) into the shifting d-echo experiment of Walder et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 142, 014201 (2015)], in two different ways, giving double and quadruple adiabatic shifting d-echo sequences. These new experiments have the advantage over previous methods of both suppressing spectral artefacts due to pulse imperfections, and exhibiting a broader excitation bandwidth. Both experiments are analysed with theoretical calculations and simulations, and are applied experimentally to the 2H NMR of deuterated CuCl2 ⋅2H2O, and two deuterated samples of the ion conductor oxyhydride BaTiO3-xHy prepared using two different methods. For the CuCl2 ⋅2H2O sample, both new methods obtain very high-quality spectra from which the parameters describing the shift and quadrupolar interaction tensors, and their relative orientation, were extracted. The two BaTiO3-xHy samples exhibited different local hydride environments with different tensor parameters. The 2H spectra of these oxyhydrides exhibit inhomogeneous broadening of the 2H shifts, and so whilst the quadrupolar interaction parameters were easily extracted, the measurement of the shift parameters was more complex. However, effective shift parameters were extracted, which combine the effects of both the paramagnetic shift tensor and the inhomogeneous broadening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihards Aleksis
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José P Carvalho
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Jaworski
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew J Pell
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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34
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Mondal A, Kaupp M. Quantum-chemical study of 7Li NMR shifts in the context of delithiation of paramagnetic lithium vanadium phosphate, Li 3V 2(PO 4) 3 (LVP). SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:89-100. [PMID: 31132716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The lithium NMR shifts of three paramagnetic materials important in the charging/discharging processes of lithium vanadium phosphate cathode materials have been studied by large-scale quantum-chemical methodology. Namely, the 7Li NMR shifts of the fully lithiated Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP3.0), and of the partly delithiated Li2.5V2(PO4)3 (LVP2.5) and Li2V2(PO4)3 (LVP2.0), have been computed and analyzed using a recently proposed approach (A. Mondal, M. Kaupp J. Phys. Chem. C 123 (2019) 8387-8405) that accounts for the Fermi-contact, pseudo-contact, as well as orbital shifts, combining periodic computations with an incremental cluster model. LVP3.0 and LVP2.0 exhibit three and two unique Li sites, respectively, which could be assigned to their experimental 7Li NMR signals. In case of LVP2.0, the computations clearly assigned the signals at 143 ppm and 77 ppm to the Li(1) and Li(2) sites, respectively, even though the latter is connected to Vb(+III d2 sites and the former to Va(+IV) d1 sites. LVP2.5 is the most complex of these three materials, exhibiting a 50% occupation of Li(3) sites, which generates much more complicated Li NMR spectra with seven peaks that partly are closely spaced. Exploring three different occupation patterns, the computations can clearly assign five of the seven signals to one type of Li site and give most probable assignments for the two remaining signals. Notably, the calculations support seven signals to be assigned to LVP2.5, while previous interpretations took two of the signals as being entirely due to contamination by LVP2.0. The accuracy of the computations could probably be improved further by full DFT optimization of large super-cell structures. This work suggests that first-principles computations of NMR shifts of extended paramagnetic solids provide an important tool for the analysis of even rather complex NMR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arobendo Mondal
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C7, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C7, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany.
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Pigliapochi R, O’Brien L, Pell AJ, Gaultois MW, Janssen Y, Khalifah PG, Grey CP. When Do Anisotropic Magnetic Susceptibilities Lead to Large NMR Shifts? Exploring Particle Shape Effects in the Battery Electrode Material LiFePO4. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13089-13100. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam O’Brien
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE Liverpool, U.K
| | - Andrew J. Pell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | | | - Yuri Janssen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Peter G. Khalifah
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
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Pell AJ, Pintacuda G, Grey CP. Paramagnetic NMR in solution and the solid state. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 111:1-271. [PMID: 31146806 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The field of paramagnetic NMR has expanded considerably in recent years. This review addresses both the theoretical description of paramagnetic NMR, and the way in which it is currently practised. We provide a review of the theory of the NMR parameters of systems in both solution and the solid state. Here we unify the different languages used by the NMR, EPR, quantum chemistry/DFT, and magnetism communities to provide a comprehensive and coherent theoretical description. We cover the theory of the paramagnetic shift and shift anisotropy in solution both in the traditional formalism in terms of the magnetic susceptibility tensor, and using a more modern formalism employing the relevant EPR parameters, such as are used in first-principles calculations. In addition we examine the theory first in the simple non-relativistic picture, and then in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. These ideas are then extended to a description of the paramagnetic shift in periodic solids, where it is necessary to include the bulk magnetic properties, such as magnetic ordering at low temperatures. The description of the paramagnetic shift is completed by describing the current understanding of such shifts due to lanthanide and actinide ions. We then examine the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, using a simple model employing a phenomenological picture of the electronic relaxation, and again using a more complex state-of-the-art theory which incorporates electronic relaxation explicitly. An additional important consideration in the solid state is the impact of bulk magnetic susceptibility effects on the form of the spectrum, where we include some ideas from the field of classical electrodynamics. We then continue by describing in detail the solution and solid-state NMR methods that have been deployed in the study of paramagnetic systems in chemistry, biology, and the materials sciences. Finally we describe a number of case studies in paramagnetic NMR that have been specifically chosen to highlight how the theory in part one, and the methods in part two, can be used in practice. The systems chosen include small organometallic complexes in solution, solid battery electrode materials, metalloproteins in both solution and the solid state, systems containing lanthanide ions, and multi-component materials used in pharmaceutical controlled-release formulations that have been doped with paramagnetic species to measure the component domain sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Pell
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 C, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS UMR 5280, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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Avalos CE, Walder BJ, Viger-Gravel J, Magrez A, Emsley L. Chemical exchange at the ferroelectric phase transition of lead germanate revealed by solid state 207Pb nuclear magnetic resonance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1100-1109. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multi-dimensional NMR is used to quantitatively identify a mixed order–disorder and displacive mechanism for the ferroelectric phase transition of lead germanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia E. Avalos
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Brennan J. Walder
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Viger-Gravel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Magrez
- Institut de Physique
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
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38
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Ferrara C, Ferrari S, Bini M, Capsoni D, Pintacuda G, Mustarelli P. To Which Extent Is Paramagnetic Solid-State NMR Able To Address Polymorphism in Complex Transition-Metal Oxides? J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6072-6076. [PMID: 30277785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A detailed characterization of the polymorphs constituting cathode materials, both before and after cell cycling, is mandatory to develop more stable and powerful lithium batteries. In many cases, e.g., for transition metal lithium silicates, standard diffraction techniques cannot give a clear-cut response. Here we show that broadband adiabatic fast MAS NMR can give unique information in the case of model Li2(Mn,Fe)SiO4 high-capacity cathode materials. By coupling 7Li and 29Si 1D and 2D spectra, we are able to address polymorphs speciation also in the mixed Mn/Fe compositions, which is a nearly impossible task for X-rays and neutrons diffraction. We finally discuss the conditions under which this approach is useful when applied to rare nuclei such as 29Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ferrara
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Physical Chemistry , University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 16 , 271001 Pavia , Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Physical Chemistry , University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 16 , 271001 Pavia , Italy
| | - Marcella Bini
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Physical Chemistry , University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 16 , 271001 Pavia , Italy
| | - Doretta Capsoni
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Physical Chemistry , University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 16 , 271001 Pavia , Italy
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques , Université de Lyon (ENS-Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5280) , 5 rue de la Doua , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- Department of Materials Science , University of Milano - Bicocca, and INSTM , Via Cozzi 55 , 20125 Milano , Italy
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Piveteau L, Ong TC, Walder BJ, Dirin DN, Moscheni D, Schneider B, Bär J, Protesescu L, Masciocchi N, Guagliardi A, Emsley L, Copéret C, Kovalenko MV. Resolving the Core and the Surface of CdSe Quantum Dots and Nanoplatelets Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced PASS-PIETA NMR Spectroscopy. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:1113-1125. [PMID: 30276244 PMCID: PMC6161058 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the surface of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) prepared using colloidal methods is a long-standing goal of paramount importance for all their potential optoelectronic applications, which remains unsolved largely because of the lack of site-specific physical techniques. Here, we show that multidimensional 113Cd dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced NMR spectroscopy allows the resolution of signals originating from different atomic and magnetic surroundings in the NC cores and at the surfaces. This enables the determination of the structural perfection, and differentiation between the surface and core atoms in all major forms of size- and shape-engineered CdSe NCs: irregularly faceted quantum dots (QDs) and atomically flat nanoplatelets, including both dominant polymorphs (zinc-blende and wurtzite) and their epitaxial nanoheterostructures (CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots and CdSe/CdS core/crown nanoplatelets), as well as magic-sized CdSe clusters. Assignments of the NMR signals to specific crystal facets of oleate-terminated ZB structured CdSe NCs are proposed. Significantly, we discover far greater atomistic complexity of the surface structure and the species distribution in wurtzite as compared to zinc-blende CdSe QDs, despite an apparently identical optical quality of both QD polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piveteau
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Brennan J. Walder
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N. Dirin
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Moscheni
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Barbara Schneider
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Janine Bär
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Loredana Protesescu
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Antonietta Guagliardi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
- Istituto
di Crystallografia and To.Sca.Lab, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- E-mail:
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- E-mail:
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Li Y, Trébosc J, Hu B, Shen M, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Indirect detection of broad spectra in solid-state NMR using interleaved DANTE trains. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 294:101-114. [PMID: 30032034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the performances and the optimization of 1H-{I} HMQC experiments using basic and interleaved DANTE schemes for the indirect detection of nuclei I = 1/2 or 1 exhibiting wide lines dominated by chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) or quadrupole interaction, respectively. These sequences are first described using average Hamiltonian theory. Then, we analyze using numerical simulations (i) the optimal lengths of the DANTE train and the individual pulses, (ii) the robustness of these experiments to offset, and (iii) the optimal choice of the defocusing and refocusing times for both 1H-{I} J- and D-HMQC sequences for 195Pt (I = 1/2) and 14N (I = 1) nuclei subject to large CSA and quadrupole interaction, respectively. These simulations are compared to 1H-{14N} D-HMQC experiments on γ-glycine and L-histidine.HCl at B0 = 18.8 T and MAS frequency of 62.5 kHz. The present study shows that (i) the optimal defocusing and refocusing times do not depend on the chosen DANTE scheme, (ii) the DANTE trains must be applied with the highest rf-field compatible with the probe specifications and the stability of the sample, (iii) the excitation bandwidth along the indirect dimension of HMQC sequence using DANTE trains is inversely proportional to their length, (iv) interleaved DANTE trains increase the excitation bandwidth of these sequences, and (v) dephasing under residual 1H-1H and 1H-I dipolar couplings, as well as 14N second-order quadrupole interaction, during the length of the DANTE scheme attenuate the transfer efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Bruker France, 34 rue de l'Industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France.
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1, rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France.
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41
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Pell AJ, Sanders KJ, Wegner S, Pintacuda G, Grey CP. Low-power broadband solid-state MAS NMR of 14N. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:194202. [PMID: 28527462 DOI: 10.1063/1.4983220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose two broadband pulse schemes for 14N solid-state magic-angle-spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that achieves (i) complete population inversion and (ii) efficient excitation of the double-quantum spectrum using low-power single-sideband-selective pulses. We give a comprehensive theoretical description of both schemes using a common framework that is based on the jolting-frame formalism of Caravatti et al. [J. Magn. Reson. 55, 88 (1983)]. This formalism is used to determine for the first time that we can obtain complete population inversion of 14N under low-power conditions, which we do here using single-sideband-selective adiabatic pulses. It is then used to predict that double-quantum coherences can be excited using low-power single-sideband-selective pulses. We then proceed to design a new experimental scheme for double-quantum excitation. The final double-quantum excitation pulse scheme is easily incorporated into other NMR experiments, as demonstrated here for double quantum-single quantum 14N correlation spectroscopy, and 1H-14N dipolar heteronuclear multiple-quantum correlation experiments. These pulses and irradiation schemes are evaluated numerically using simulations on single crystals and full powders, as well as experimentally on ammonium oxalate ((NH4)2C2O4) at moderate MAS and glycine at ultra-fast MAS. The performance of these new NMR methods is found to be very high, with population inversion efficiencies of 100% and double-quantum excitation efficiencies of 30%-50%, which are hitherto unprecedented for the low radiofrequency field amplitudes, up to the spinning frequency, that are used here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Pell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Sanders
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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42
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Mitoudi-Vagourdi E, Papawassiliou W, Müllner S, Jaworski A, Pell AJ, Lemmens P, Kremer RK, Johnsson M. Synthesis and Physical Properties of the Oxofluoride Cu2(SeO3)F2. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4640-4648. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Mitoudi-Vagourdi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wassilios Papawassiliou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Müllner
- Institute for Physics of Condensed Matter, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aleksander Jaworski
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew J. Pell
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Lemmens
- Institute for Physics of Condensed Matter, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Reinhard K. Kremer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mats Johnsson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Sanders KJ, Pell AJ, Wegner S, Grey CP, Pintacuda G. Broadband MAS NMR spectroscopy in the low-power limit. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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44
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Mondal A, Gaultois MW, Pell AJ, Iannuzzi M, Grey CP, Hutter J, Kaupp M. Large-Scale Computation of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Shifts for Paramagnetic Solids Using CP2K. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 14:377-394. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arobendo Mondal
- Institut
für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekretariat C7, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael W. Gaultois
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Pell
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcella Iannuzzi
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jürg Hutter
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut
für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekretariat C7, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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45
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Rouf SA, Jakobsen VB, Mareš J, Jensen ND, McKenzie CJ, Vaara J, Nielsen UG. Assignment of solid-state 13C and 1H NMR spectra of paramagnetic Ni(II) acetylacetonate complexes aided by first-principles computations. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2017; 87:29-37. [PMID: 28759801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in computational methodology allowed for first-principles calculations of the nuclear shielding tensor for a series of paramagnetic nickel(II) acetylacetonate complexes, [Ni(acac)2L2] with L = H2O, D2O, NH3, ND3, and PMe2Ph have provided detailed insight into the origin of the paramagnetic contributions to the total shift tensor. This was employed for the assignment of the solid-state 1,2H and 13C MAS NMR spectra of these compounds. The two major contributions to the isotropic shifts are by orbital (diamagnetic-like) and contact mechanism. The orbital shielding, contact, as well as dipolar terms all contribute to the anisotropic component. The calculations suggest reassignment of the 13C methyl and carbonyl resonances in the acac ligand [Inorg. Chem.53, 2014, 399] leading to isotropic paramagnetic shifts of δ(13C) ≈ 800-1100 ppm and ≈180-300 ppm for 13C for the methyl and carbonyl carbons located three and two bonds away from the paramagnetic Ni(II) ion, respectively. Assignment using three different empirical correlations, i.e., paramagnetic shifts, shift anisotropy, and relaxation (T1) were ambiguous, however the latter two support the computational results. Thus, solid-state NMR spectroscopy in combination with modern quantum-chemical calculations of paramagnetic shifts constitutes a promising tool for structural investigations of metal complexes and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Awais Rouf
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. BOX 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Vibe Boel Jakobsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jiří Mareš
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. BOX 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Nicholai Daugaard Jensen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Christine J McKenzie
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Juha Vaara
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. BOX 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulla Gro Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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Cadars S, Ahn NH, Okhotnikov K, Shin J, Vicente A, Hong SB, Fernandez C. Modeling short-range substitution order and disorder in crystals: Application to the Ga/Si distribution in a natrolite zeolite. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2017; 84:182-195. [PMID: 28433479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atomic substitutions are a central feature of the physicochemical properties of an increasing number of solid-state materials. The complexity that this chemical disorder locally generates in otherwise crystalline solids poses a major challenge to the understanding of the relationships between the structure and properties of materials at the atomic and molecular level. Strategies designed to efficiently explore the ensemble of local chemical environments present in disordered crystals and predict their signatures in local spectroscopies such as solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are therefore essential. Focusing on the Ga/Si disorder in the framework of rubidium-exchanged gallosilicate natrolite zeolite (Rb-PST-1) with a high Ga content (SiGa=1.28), we show how the structure-generation approach implemented in the new program supercell (Okhotnikov et al. [26]) provides an excellent basis for the understanding of complex experimental spectroscopic data. Furthermore, we describe how exhaustive explorations of atomic configurations can be performed to seek local structural ordering and/or disordering factors. In the case of Rb-PST-1, we more specifically explore the possibility to form and to detect the presence of thermodynamically unfavorable Ga-O-Ga connectivities. While particularly adapted to the description of dense materials, we demonstrate that this approach may successfully be used to reproduce and interpret the distributions of local structural distortions (i.e., the geometrical disorder) resulting from the chemical disorder in systems as complex as microporous zeolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvian Cadars
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 Rue de la Houssinière, BP32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France; CEMHTI CNRS UPR3079, Université d'Orléans, 1D, avenue de la recherche scientifique, 45071 Orléans cédex 2, France.
| | - Nak Ho Ahn
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kirill Okhotnikov
- CEMHTI CNRS UPR3079, Université d'Orléans, 1D, avenue de la recherche scientifique, 45071 Orléans cédex 2, France
| | - Jiho Shin
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Aurélie Vicente
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Suk Bong Hong
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christian Fernandez
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 14000, Caen, France.
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47
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Bertarello A, Schubeis T, Fuccio C, Ravera E, Fragai M, Parigi G, Emsley L, Pintacuda G, Luchinat C. Paramagnetic Properties of a Crystalline Iron–Sulfur Protein by Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6624-6629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bertarello
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Tobias Schubeis
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- Giotto Biotech S.R.L., Via Madonna
del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Carmelo Fuccio
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Parigi
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de RMN à
Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS,
ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Giotto Biotech S.R.L., Via Madonna
del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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48
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Malkin VG, Malkina OL, Zhidomirov GM. Visualization of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Hyperfine Structure Coupling Pathways. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3580-3587. [PMID: 28410441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The close relation between the EPR hyperfine coupling constant and NMR indirect spin-spin coupling constant is well-known. For example, the Karplus-type dependence of hyperfine constants on the dihedral angle, originally proposed for NMR spin-spin coupling, is widely used in pNMR studies. In the present work we propose a new tool for visualization of hyperfine coupling pathways based on our experience with visualization of NMR indirect spin-spin couplings. The plotted 3D-function is the difference between the total electron densities when the magnetic moment of the nucleus of interest changes its sign and as such is an observable from the physical point of view. It has been shown that it is proportional to the linear response of the spin density to the nuclear spin (i.e., magnetic moment). In contrast to the widely used visualization of spin density, our new approach depicts only the part of the electron cloud of a molecule that is affected by the interaction of the unpaired electron(s) with the desired nuclear magnetic moment. Because visualization of NMR spin-spin couplings and hyperfine interaction is based on the same ideas and done using similar techniques, it allows a direct comparison of the corresponding pathways for the two phenomena so as to analyze their resemblance and/or dissimilarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Malkin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Olga L Malkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Comenius University , SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Georgy M Zhidomirov
- G. K. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Prospect Lavrentieva 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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49
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Perras FA, Venkatesh A, Hanrahan MP, Goh TW, Huang W, Rossini AJ, Pruski M. Indirect detection of infinite-speed MAS solid-state NMR spectra. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 276:95-102. [PMID: 28157561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy spin-1/2 nuclides are known to possess very large chemical shift anisotropies that can challenge even the most advanced magic-angle-spinning (MAS) techniques. Wide manifolds of overlapping spinning sidebands and insufficient excitation bandwidths often obfuscate meaningful spectral information and force the use of static, low-resolution solid-state (SS)NMR methods for the characterization of materials. To address these issues, we have merged fast-magic-angle-turning (MAT) and dipolar heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (D-HMQC) experiments to obtain D-HMQC-MAT pulse sequences which enable the rapid acquisition of 2D SSNMR spectra that correlate isotropic 1H chemical shifts to the indirectly detected isotropic "infinite-MAS" spectra of heavy spin-1/2 nuclides. For these nuclides, the combination of fast MAS and 1H detection provides a high sensitivity, which rivals the DNP-enhanced ultra-wideline SSNMR. The new pulse sequences were used to determine the Pt coordination environments in a complex mixture of decomposition products of transplatin and in a metal-organic framework with Pt ions coordinated to the linker ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amrit Venkatesh
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Michael P Hanrahan
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Tian Wei Goh
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Wenyu Huang
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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50
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Stebbins JF, McCarty RJ, Palke AC. Solid-state NMR and short-range order in crystalline oxides and silicates: a new tool in paramagnetic resonances. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2017; 73:128-136. [PMID: 28257006 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229616015606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Most applications of high-resolution NMR to questions of short-range order/disorder in inorganic materials have been made in systems where ions with unpaired electron spins are of negligible concentration, with structural information extracted primarily from chemical shifts, quadrupolar coupling parameters, and nuclear dipolar couplings. In some cases, however, the often-large additional resonance shifts caused by interactions between unpaired electron and nuclear spins can provide unique new structural information in materials with contents of paramagnetic cations ranging from hundreds of ppm to several per cent and even higher. In this brief review we focus on recent work on silicate, phosphate, and oxide materials with relatively low concentrations of paramagnetic ions, where spectral resolution can remain high enough to distinguish interactions between NMR-observed nuclides and one or more magnetic neighbors in different bonding configurations in the first, second, and even farther cation shells. We illustrate the types of information available, some of the limitations of this approach, and the great prospects for future experimental and theoretical work in this field. We give examples for the effects of paramagnetic transition metal, lanthanide, and actinide cation substitutions in simple oxides, pyrochlore, zircon, monazite, olivine, garnet, pyrochlores, and olivine structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Stebbins
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Ryan J McCarty
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Aaron C Palke
- Queensland Museum and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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