1
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Chen Q, Zhu K. Advancements and strategic approaches in catenane synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5677-5703. [PMID: 38659402 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00499f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Catenanes, a distinctive category of mechanically interlocked molecules composed of intertwined macrocycles, have undergone significant advancements since their initial stages characterized by inefficient statistical synthesis methods. Through the aid of molecular recognition processes and principles of self-assembly, a diverse array of catenanes with intricate structures can now be readily accessed utilizing template-directed synthetic protocols. The rapid evolution and emergence of this field have catalyzed the design and construction of artificial molecular switches and machines, leading to the development of increasingly integrated functional systems and materials. This review endeavors to explore the pivotal advancements in catenane synthesis from its inception, offering a comprehensive discussion of the synthetic methodologies employed in recent years. By elucidating the progress made in synthetic approaches to catenanes, our aim is to provide a clearer understanding of the future challenges in further advancing catenane chemistry from a synthetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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2
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Jiang Y, Zeng ZY, Jin T, Peng Z, Xu L. Precision syntheses of molecular necklaces based on coordination interactions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2915-2923. [PMID: 36794450 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03594d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular necklaces (MNs) are mechanically interlocked molecules that have attracted considerable attention due to their delicate structures and potential applications, such as in the syntheses of polymeric materials and DNA cleavage. However, complex and lengthy synthetic routes have limited development of further applications. Owing to their dynamic reversibility, strong bond energy and high orientation, coordination interactions were employed to synthesize MNs. In this review, progress in the coordination-based MNs has been summarized, with emphasis on design strategies and potential applications based on coordination interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Tongxia Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
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3
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Au-Yeung HY, Deng Y. Distinctive features and challenges in catenane chemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3315-3334. [PMID: 35432874 PMCID: PMC8943846 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
From being an aesthetic molecular object to a building block for the construction of molecular machines, catenanes and related mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) continue to attract immense interest in many research areas. Catenane chemistry is closely tied to that of rotaxanes and knots, and involves concepts like mechanical bonds, chemical topology and co-conformation that are unique to these molecules. Yet, because of their different topological structures and mechanical bond properties, there are some fundamental differences between the chemistry of catenanes and that of rotaxanes and knots although the boundary is sometimes blurred. Clearly distinguishing these differences, in aspects of bonding, structure, synthesis and properties, between catenanes and other MIMs is therefore of fundamental importance to understand their chemistry and explore the new opportunities from mechanical bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yu Au-Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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4
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Bettini S, Valli L, Giancane G. Applications of Photoinduced Phenomena in Supramolecularly Arranged Phthalocyanine Derivatives: A Perspective. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163742. [PMID: 32824375 PMCID: PMC7463501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the description of several examples of supramolecular assemblies of phthalocyanine derivatives differently functionalized and interfaced with diverse kinds of chemical species for photo-induced phenomena applications. In fact, the role of different substituents was investigated in order to tune peculiar aggregates formation as well as, with the same aim, the possibility to interface these derivatives with other molecular species, as electron donor and acceptor, carbon allotropes, cyclodextrins, protein cages, drugs. Phthalocyanine photo-physical features are indeed really interesting and appealing but need to be preserved and optimized. Here, we highlight that the supramolecular approach is a versatile method to build up very complex and functional architectures. Further, the possibility to minimize the organization energy and to facilitate the spontaneous assembly of the molecules, in numerous examples, has been demonstrated to be more useful and performing than the covalent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bettini
- Department of Engineering of Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Ludovico Valli
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy;
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriele Giancane
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Florence, Italy;
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, Via D. Birago, 64, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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5
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Xie J, Boyn JN, Filatov AS, McNeece AJ, Mazziotti DA, Anderson JS. Redox, transmetalation, and stacking properties of tetrathiafulvalene-2,3,6,7-tetrathiolate bridged tin, nickel, and palladium compounds. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1066-1078. [PMID: 34084362 PMCID: PMC8145528 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04381k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report that capping the molecule TTFtt (TTFtt = tetrathiafulvalene-2,3,6,7-tetrathiolate) with dialkyl tin groups enables the isolation of a stable series of redox congeners and facile transmetalation to Ni and Pd. TTFtt has been proposed as an attractive building block for molecular materials for two decades as it combines the redox chemistry of TTF and dithiolene units. TTFttH4, however, is inherently unstable and the incorporation of TTFtt units into complexes or materials typically proceeds through the in situ generation of the tetraanion TTFtt4-. Capping of TTFtt4- with Bu2Sn2+ units dramatically improves the stability of the TTFtt moiety and furthermore enables the isolation of a redox series where the TTF core carries the formal charges of 0, +1, and +2. All of these redox congeners show efficient and clean transmetalation to Ni and Pd resulting in an analogous series of bimetallic complexes capped by 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) ligands. Furthermore, by using the same transmetalation method, we synthesized analogous palladium complexes capped by 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) which had been previously reported. All of these species have been thoroughly characterized through a systematic survey of chemical and electronic properties by techniques including cyclic voltammetry (CV), ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy (UV-vis-NIR), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These detailed synthetic and spectroscopic studies highlight important differences between the transmetalation strategy presented here and previously reported synthetic methods for the installation of TTFtt. In addition, the utility of this stabilization strategy can be illustrated by the observation of unusual TTF radical-radical packing in the solid state and dimerization in the solution state. Theoretical calculations based on variational 2-electron reduced density matrix methods have been used to investigate these unusual interactions and illustrate fundamentally different levels of covalency and overlap depending on the orientations of the TTF cores. Taken together, this work demonstrates that tin-capped TTFtt units are ideal reagents for the installation of redox-tunable TTFtt ligands enabling the generation of entirely new geometric and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Jan-Niklas Boyn
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Andrew J McNeece
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - David A Mazziotti
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
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6
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Lipke MC, Wu Y, Roy I, Wang Y, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Shuttling Rates, Electronic States, and Hysteresis in a Ring-in-Ring Rotaxane. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:362-371. [PMID: 29632882 PMCID: PMC5879476 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The trisradical recognition motif between a 4,4'-bipyridinium radical cation and a cyclo-bis-4,4'-bipyridinium diradical dication has been employed previously in rotaxanes to control their nanomechanical and electronic properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a redox-active ring-in-ring [2]rotaxane BBR·8PF6 that employs a tetraradical variant of this recognition motif. A square-shaped bis-4,4'-bipyridinium cyclophane is mechanically interlocked around the dumbbell component of this rotaxane, and the dumbbell itself incorporates a smaller bis-4,4'-bipyridinium cyclophane into its covalently bonded structure. This small cyclophane serves as a significant impediment to the shuttling of the larger ring across the dumbbell component of BBR8+ , whereas reduction to the tetraradical tetracationic state BBR4(+•) results in strong association of the two cyclophanes driven by two radical-pairing interactions. In these respects, BBR·8PF6 exhibits qualitatively similar behavior to its predecessors that interconvert between hexacationic and trisradical tricationic states. The rigid preorganization of two bipyridinium groups within the dumbbell of BBR·8PF6 confers, however, two distinct properties upon this rotaxane: (1) the rate of shuttling is reduced significantly relative to those of its predecessors, resulting in marked electrochemical hysteresis observed by cyclic voltammetry for switching between the BBR8+/BBR4(+•) states, and (2) the formally tetraradical form of the rotaxane, BBR4(+•) , exhibits a diamagnetic ground state, which, as a result of the slow shuttling motions within BBR4(+•) , has a long enough lifetime to be characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Lipke
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Indranil Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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7
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Yamada Y, Itoh R, Ogino S, Kato T, Tanaka K. Dynamic Molecular Invasion into a Multiply Interlocked Catenane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14124-14129. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Ryohei Itoh
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Sayaka Ogino
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Department of Interdisciplinary Environment; Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies; Kyoto University; Yoshidanihonmatsu-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
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8
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Yamada Y, Itoh R, Ogino S, Kato T, Tanaka K. Dynamic Molecular Invasion into a Multiply Interlocked Catenane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Ryohei Itoh
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Sayaka Ogino
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Department of Interdisciplinary Environment; Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies; Kyoto University; Yoshidanihonmatsu-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University; Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Naogya 464-8602 Japan
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9
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Lipke MC, Cheng T, Wu Y, Arslan H, Xiao H, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Size-Matched Radical Multivalency. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3986-3998. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b09892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Lipke
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tao Cheng
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hasan Arslan
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hai Xiao
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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10
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Fernando IR, Frasconi M, Wu Y, Liu WG, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Sliding-Ring Catenanes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10214-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isurika R. Fernando
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury
KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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11
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Hartlieb KJ, Liu WG, Fahrenbach AC, Blackburn AK, Frasconi M, Hafezi N, Dey SK, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Quantum Mechanical and Experimental Validation that Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) Forms a 1:1 Inclusion Complex with Tetrathiafulvalene. Chemistry 2016; 22:2736-45. [PMID: 26784535 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The promiscuous encapsulation of π-electron-rich guests by the π-electron-deficient host, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT(4+)), involves the formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes. One of the most intensely investigated charge-transfer (CT) bands, assumed to result from inclusion of a guest molecule inside the cavity of CBPQT(4+), is an emerald-green band associated with the complexation of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and its derivatives. This interpretation was called into question recently in this journal based on theoretical gas-phase calculations that reinterpreted this CT band in terms of an intermolecular side-on interaction of TTF with one of the bipyridinium (BIPY(2+)) units of CBPQT(4+), rather than the encapsulation of TTF inside the cavity of CBPQT(4+). We carried out DFT calculations, including solvation, that reveal conclusively that the CT band emerging upon mixing TTF with CBPQT(4+) arises from the formation of a 1:1 inclusion complex. In support of this conclusion, we have performed additional experiments on a [2]rotaxane in which a TTF unit, located in the middle of its short dumbbell, is prevented sterically from interacting with either one of the two BIPY(2+) units of a CBPQT(4+) ring residing on a separate [2]rotaxane in a side-on fashion. This [2]rotaxane has similar UV/Vis and (1)H NMR spectroscopic properties with those of 1:1 inclusion complexes of TTF and its derivatives with CBPQT(4+). The [2]rotaxane exists as an equimolar mixture of cis- and trans-isomers associated with the disubstituted TTF unit in its dumbbell component. Solid-state structures were obtained for both isomers, validating the conclusion that the TTF unit, which gives rise to the CT band, resides inside CBPQT(4+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel J Hartlieb
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MC 139-74), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Albert C Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anthea K Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Nema Hafezi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Sanjeev K Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Amy A Sarjeant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - Charlotte L Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MC 139-74), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113, USA.
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12
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Ramsay WJ, Foster JA, Moore KL, Ronson TK, Mirgalet RJ, Jefferson DA, Nitschke JR. Au ICl-bound N-heterocyclic carbene ligands form MII4(LAuCl) 6 integrally gilded cages. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7326-7331. [PMID: 28757991 PMCID: PMC5512534 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03065j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) moiety into a self-assembled MII4L6 cage framework required the NHC first to be metallated with gold(i). Bimetallic cages could then be constructed using zinc(ii) and cadmium(ii) templates, showing weak luminescence. The cages were destroyed by the addition of further gold(i) in the form of AuI(2,4,6-trimethoxybenzonitrile)2SbF6, which caused the reversibly-formed cages to disassemble and controllably release the AuI-NHC subcomponent into solution. This release in turn induced the growth of gold nanoparticles. The rate of dianiline release could be tuned by capsule design or through the addition of chemical stimuli, with different release profiles giving rise to different nanoparticle morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Ramsay
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Jonathan A Foster
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Katharine L Moore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Raphaël J Mirgalet
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - David A Jefferson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
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13
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Brown A, Langton MJ, Kilah NL, Thompson AL, Beer PD. Chloride-Anion-Templated Synthesis of a Strapped-Porphyrin-Containing Catenane Host System. Chemistry 2015; 21:17664-75. [PMID: 26508679 PMCID: PMC4691337 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure and anion-recognition properties of a new strapped-porphyrin-containing [2]catenane anion host system are described. The assembly of the catenane is directed by discrete chloride anion templation acting in synergy with secondary aromatic donor-acceptor and coordinative pyridine-zinc interactions. The [2]catenane incorporates a three-dimensional, hydrogen-bond-donating anion-binding pocket; solid-state structural analysis of the catenane⋅chloride complex reveals that the chloride anion is encapsulated within the catenane's interlocked binding cavity through six convergent CH⋅⋅⋅⋅Cl and NH⋅⋅⋅Cl hydrogen-bonding interactions and solution-phase (1) H NMR titration experiments demonstrate that this complementary hydrogen-bonding arrangement facilitates the selective recognition of chloride over larger halide anions in DMSO solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Nathan L Kilah
- School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001 (Australia)
| | - Amber L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK).
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14
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Frasconi M, Fernando IR, Wu Y, Liu Z, Liu WG, Dyar SM, Barin G, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Redox Control of the Binding Modes of an Organic Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11057-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Isurika R. Fernando
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gokhan Barin
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury
KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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15
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Fathalla M, Barnes JC, Young RM, Hartlieb KJ, Dyar SM, Eaton SW, Sarjeant AA, Co DT, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Photoinduced Electron Transfer within a Zinc Porphyrin-Cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) Donor-Acceptor Dyad. Chemistry 2014; 20:14690-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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17
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Barnes JC, Frasconi M, Young RM, Khdary NH, Liu WG, Dyar SM, McGonigal PR, Gibbs-Hall IC, Diercks CS, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Solid-State Characterization and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Nanoconfined Octacationic Homo[2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10569-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ja505093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nezar H. Khdary
- National
Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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18
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Han Y, Guo J, Chen C. Complexation of Triptycene-Derived Macrotricyclic Host Containing Pyridine Groups with Paraquat Derivatives: A Switchable Process Controlled by Zn2+Ions. CHINESE J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Bruns CJ, Frasconi M, Iehl J, Hartlieb KJ, Schneebeli ST, Cheng C, Stupp SI, Stoddart JF. Redox Switchable Daisy Chain Rotaxanes Driven by Radical–Radical Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4714-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja500675y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carson J. Bruns
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julien Iehl
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karel J. Hartlieb
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Severin T. Schneebeli
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chuyang Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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20
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Leconte N, Ciccione J, Gellon G, Philouze C, Thomas F. Unprecedented redox-driven ligand ejection in nickel(ii)–diiminosemiquinonate radical complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1918-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48549h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One polydentate diiminosemiquinonate ligand is ejected upon electrochemical oxidation. The Ni(ii) ion remains square planar throughout the process, the ligand alone supporting all the redox events.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Leconte
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Chimie Inorganique Redox (CIRE) - UMR CNRS 5250
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - J. Ciccione
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Chimie Inorganique Redox (CIRE) - UMR CNRS 5250
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - G. Gellon
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Chimie Inorganique Redox (CIRE) - UMR CNRS 5250
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - C. Philouze
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Chimie Inorganique Redox (CIRE) - UMR CNRS 5250
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - F. Thomas
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Chimie Inorganique Redox (CIRE) - UMR CNRS 5250
- Université Joseph Fourier
- 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
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21
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Ghosh AK, Pait M, Clérac R, Mathonière C, Bertolasi V, Bauzá A, Frontera A, Pramanik K, Ray D. A dodecanuclear copper(ii) cage self-assembled from six dicopper building units. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:4076-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sandwich capping of two {Cu3(μ3-NO3)}5− triangles over a hydroxido-bridged {Cu6} hexagon, supported by six ligands resulted in a novel Cu12 cage in a flattened cuboctahedral topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloke Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302, India
| | - Moumita Pait
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302, India
| | | | | | - Valerio Bertolasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Centro di Strutturistica Diffrattometica
- Università di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- Palma, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- Palma, Spain
| | - Kausikisankar Pramanik
- Inorganic Chemistry Section
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-70032, India
| | - Debashis Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302, India
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22
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Ramsay WJ, Ronson TK, Clegg JK, Nitschke JR. Bidirectional Regulation of Halide Binding in a Heterometallic Supramolecular Cube. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13439-43. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Ramsay WJ, Ronson TK, Clegg JK, Nitschke JR. Bidirectional Regulation of Halide Binding in a Heterometallic Supramolecular Cube. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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