1
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Leo CM, Jang J, Corey EJ, Neary WJ, Bowman JI, Kennemur JG. Comparison of Polypentenamer and Polynorbornene Bottlebrushes in Dilute Solution. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:235-246. [PMID: 38882033 PMCID: PMC11177302 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Bottlebrush (BB) polymers were synthesized via grafting-from-atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene on polypentenamer and polynorbornene macroinitiators with matched grafting density (n g = 4) and backbone degrees of polymerization (122 ≥ N bb ≥ 61) to produce a comparative study on their respective dilute solution properties as a function of increasing side chain degree of polymerization (116 ≥ N sc ≥ 5). The grafting-from technique produced near quantitative grafting efficiency and narrow dispersity N sc as evidenced by spectroscopic analysis and ring closing metathesis depolymerization of the polypentenamer BBs. The versatility of this synthetic approach permitted a comprehensive survey of power law expressions that arise from monitoring intrinsic viscosity, hydrodynamic radius, and radius of gyration as a function of increasing the molar mass of the BBs by increasing N sc. These values were compared to a series of linear (nongrafted, N sc = 0) macroinitiators in addition to linear grafts. This unique study allowed elucidation of the onset of bottlebrush behavior for two different types of bottlebrush backbones with identical grafting density but inherently different flexibility. In addition, grafting-from ATRP of methyl acrylate on a polypentenamer macroinitiator allowed the observation of the effects of graft chemistry in comparison to polystyrene. Differences in the observed scaling relationships in dilute solution as a function of each of these synthetic variants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Leo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, United States
| | - Jaehoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, United States
| | - Ethan J Corey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, United States
| | - William J Neary
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jared I Bowman
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Justin G Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32303, United States
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2
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Niu B, Huang H, Zhang L, Tan J. Grafting Block Copolymer Nanoparticles to a Surface via Aqueous Photoinduced Polymerization-induced Self-Assembly at Room Temperature. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:577-585. [PMID: 38648524 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The creation of well-defined surface nanostructures is important for a diverse set of applications such as cell adhesion, superhydrophobic coating, and lithography. In this study, we describe a robust bottom-up method for surface functionalization that involves surface-initiated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) and the grafting of block copolymer nanoparticles to material surfaces via aqueous photoinduced polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) at room temperature. Using silica nanoparticles as a model substrate, colloidal mesoscale hybrid assemblies with various morphologies were successfully prepared. The morphologies can be easily tuned by changing the lengths of macromolecular chain transfer agents and parameters of the silica nanoparticles. The surface-initiated photo-PISA approach can also be employed for other large-scale substrates such as silicon wafer. Taking advantage of mild reaction conditions of this method (room temperature, aqueous medium, and visible light), enzymatic deoxygenation was introduced to develop oxygen-tolerant surface-initiated photo-PISA that can fabricate well-defined nanostructures on large-scale substrates under open-to-air conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Niu
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Honggao Huang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Tan
- Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
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3
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Sánchez-Leija R, Mysona JA, de Pablo JJ, Nealey PF. Phase Behavior and Conformational Asymmetry near the Comb-to-Bottlebrush Transition in Linear-Brush Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2024; 57:2019-2029. [PMID: 38495384 PMCID: PMC10938885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study explores how conformational asymmetry influences the bulk phase behavior of linear-brush block copolymers. We synthesized 60 diblock copolymers composed of poly(trifluoroethyl methacrylate) as the linear block and poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] as the brush block, varying the molecular weight, composition, and side-chain length to introduce different degrees of conformational asymmetry. Using small-angle X-ray scattering, we determined the morphology and phase diagrams for three different side-chain length systems, mainly observing lamellar and cylindrical phases. Increasing the side-chain length of the brush block from three to nine ethylene oxide units introduces sufficient asymmetry between the blocks to alter the phase behavior, shifting the lamellar-to-cylindrical transitions toward lower brush block compositions and transitioning the brush block from the dense comb-like regime to the bottlebrush regime. Coarse-grained simulations support our experimental observations and provide a mapping between the composition and conformational asymmetry. A comparison of our findings to strong stretching theory across multiple phase boundary predictions confirms the transition between the dense comb-like regime and the bottlebrush regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina
J. Sánchez-Leija
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, the University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Joshua A. Mysona
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, the University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, the University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, the University
of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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4
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Guo Y, Li L, Yang J. Intrachain and interchain complexation of polyacrylic acids bottlebrush chains with Ca2+ in aqueous solutions. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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5
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Deng J, Bailey S, Jiang S, Ober CK. Modular Synthesis of Phthalaldehyde Derivatives Enabling Access to Photoacid Generator-Bound Self-Immolative Polymer Resists with Next-Generation Photolithographic Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19508-19520. [PMID: 36208192 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The resolution, line edge roughness, and sensitivity (RLS) trade-off has fundamentally limited the lithographic performance of chemically amplified resists. Production of next-generation transistors using extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography depends on a solution to this problem. A resist that simultaneously increases the effective reaction radius of its photogenerated acids while limiting their diffusion radius should provide an elegant solution to the RLS barrier. Here, we describe a generalized synthetic approach to phthalaldehyde derivatives using sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange click chemistry that dramatically expands usable chemical space by enabling virtually any non-ionic photoacid generator (PAG) to be tethered to phthalaldehyde. The resulting polymers represent the first ever PAG-tethered self-immolative resists in an architecture that simultaneously displays high contrast, extraordinary sensitivity, and low roughness under EUV exposure. We believe this class of resists will ultimately enable researchers to overcome the RLS trade-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sean Bailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Christopher K Ober
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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6
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Tang Z, Pan X, Zhou H, Li L, Ding M. Conformation of a Comb-like Chain Free in Solution and Confined in a Nanochannel: From Linear to Bottlebrush Structure. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxian Tang
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hengwei Zhou
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China
| | - Lianwei Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Ding
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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7
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Park J, Thapar V, Choe Y, Padilla Salas LA, Ramírez-Hernández A, de Pablo JJ, Hur SM. Coarse-Grained Simulation of Bottlebrush: From Single-Chain Properties to Self-Assembly. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1167-1173. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juhae Park
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vikram Thapar
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Yeojin Choe
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | | | - Abelardo Ramírez-Hernández
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Su-Mi Hur
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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8
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Chan JM, Wang M. Visualizing the Orientation of Single Polymers Induced by Spin-Coating. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5891-5897. [PMID: 35786930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The orientation of chains within polymeric materials influences their electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. While many techniques can infer the orientation distribution of a bulk ensemble, it is challenging to determine this information at the single-chain level, particularly in an environment of otherwise identical polymers. Here, we use single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) to visualize the directions of chains within spin-coated polymer films. We find a strong relationship between shear force and the degree and direction of orientation, and additionally, we reveal the effects of chain length and solvent evaporation rate. This work utilizes single-chain resolution to observe the important, though often overlooked, property of chain orientation in the common fabrication process of spin-coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Chan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Muzhou Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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9
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Eller MJ, Sandoval JM, Verkhoturov SV, Schweikert EA. Nanoprojectile Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Nanometrology of Nanoparticles and Their Interfaces. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7868-7876. [PMID: 35594187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale molecular characterization plays a crucial role in enhancing our insights into fundamental and materials processes occurring at the nanoscale. However, for many traditional techniques, measurements on different ensembles are mixed and the analytical result reflects the average surface composition or arrangement. Advances in nanometrologies that allow for measurements to be differentiated based on the chemical environment examined are critical for accurate analysis. Here, we present a variant of secondary ion mass spectrometry, SIMS, termed nanoprojectile SIMS, NP-SIMS, capable of nanoscale molecular analysis. The technique examines the sample with a suite, 106-107, of individual gold nanoprojectiles (e.g., Au4004+) which stochastically probe the surface. Analysis of coemitted ions from each impact allows for the inspection of colocalized moieties within the ejected volume of a single projectile impact (10-15 nm in diameter). If some of these 106-107 measurements arise from nanodomains of similar composition, data can be grouped based on the detected secondary ions. We applied the method to examine a mixture of three different-sized nanoparticles with identical metal cores (3-5 nm in diameter), differing in the length of the attached ligand (decanetiol, tetradecanethiol, and hexadecanethiol). Using NP-SIMS, we determined the relative abundance of the three particles on the surface and isolated measurements based on the impact parameter between the impacting nanoprojectile and the surface particle, demonstrating that measurements occurring near the center of the particle can be differentiated from those at the particle-particle and particle-substrate interfaces. The results suggest that the described methodology is well-suited for molecular analysis of nanoassemblies and may be applied for tracking defects. Here we demonstrate that, using NP-SIMS, ensemble averaging can be avoided and molecular analysis can be undertaken at a scale below 5 nm, allowing for nanoscale molecular analysis of nano-objects and their interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Eller
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jesse M Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Emile A Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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10
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Optimizing Chain Topology of Bottle Brush Copolymer for Promoting the Disorder-to-Order Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105374. [PMID: 35628178 PMCID: PMC9141188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The order-disorder transitions (ODT) of core-shell bottle brush copolymer and its structural isomers were investigated by dissipative particle dynamics simulations and theoretically by random phase approximation. Introducing a chain topology parameter λ which parametrizes linking points between M diblock chains each with N monomers, the degree of incompatibility at ODT ((χN)ODT; χ being the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter between constituent monomers) was predicted as a function of chain topology parameter (λ) and the number of linked diblock chains per bottle brush copolymer (M). It was found that there exists an optimal chain topology about λ at which (χN)ODT gets a minimum while the domain spacing remains nearly unchanged. The prediction provides a theoretical guideline for designing an optimal copolymer architecture capable of forming sub-10 nm periodic structures even with non-high χ components.
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11
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Kang N, Cho S, Leonhardt EE, Liu C, Verkhoturov SV, Woodward WHH, Eller MJ, Yuan T, Fitzgibbons TC, Borguet YP, Jahnke AA, Sokolov AN, McIntire T, Reinhardt C, Fang L, Schweikert EA, Spencer LP, Sun G, Xie G, Trefonas P, Wooley KL. Topological Design of Highly Anisotropic Aligned Hole Transporting Molecular Bottlebrushes for Solution-Processed OLEDs. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8084-8095. [PMID: 35471843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyvinyl polymers bearing pendant hole transport functionalities have been extensively explored for solution-processed hole transport layer (HTL) technologies, yet there are only rare examples of high anisotropic packing of the HT moieties of these polymers into substrate-parallel orientations within HTL films. For small molecules, substrate-parallel alignment of HT moieties is a well-established approach to improve overall device performance. To address the longstanding challenge of extension from vapor-deposited small molecules to solution-processable polymer systems, a fundamental chemistry tactic is reported here, involving the positioning of HT side chains within macromolecular frameworks by the construction of HT polymers having bottlebrush topologies. Applying state-of-the-art polymer synthetic techniques, various functional subunits, including triphenylamine (TPA) for hole transport and adhesion to the substrate, and perfluoro alkyl-substituted benzyloxy styrene for migration to the air interface, were organized with exquisite control over the composition and placement throughout the bottlebrush topology. Upon assembling the HT bottlebrush (HTB) polymers into monolayered HTL films on various substrates through spin-casting and thermal annealing, the backbones of HTBs were vertically aligned while the grafts with pendant TPAs were extended parallel to the substrate. The overall design realized high TPA π-stacking along the out-of-plane direction of the substrate in the HTLs, which doubled the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes compared with linear poly(vinyl triphenylamine)s.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chun Liu
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Travis McIntire
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | - Carl Reinhardt
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48667, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences and Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peter Trefonas
- DuPont, Electronics and Imaging Division, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
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12
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Kim EJ, Shin JJ, Lee GS, Kim S, Park S, Park J, Choe Y, Lee D, Choi J, Bang J, Kim YH, Li S, Hur SM, Kim JG, Kim BJ. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Poly(vinylpyridine)-Containing Brush Block Copolymers: Combined Synthesis of Grafting-Through and Grafting-to Approaches. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J. Shin
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Gue Seon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhae Park
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojin Choe
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Hur
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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13
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Huang J, Shi M, Liang H, Lu J. An efficient O-phthalaldehyde-amine coupling reaction for the synthesis of a bottlebrush polymer under physiological conditions. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01488a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A robust method for the preparation of a bottlebrush polymer under physiological buffer conditions was developed via the combination of a grafting onto strategy and an o-phthalaldehyde-amine coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Mao Shi
- Anglee Beauty Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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14
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Dong Z, Huang W, Liu X, Yu F, Long C, Feng S, Luo L, Chen ZR. Molecular Bottlebrush Supported Mono(phenoxy–imine) Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Ethylene Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Chuanjiang Long
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Sitong Feng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Lang Luo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Zhong-Ren Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
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15
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Fang A, Lin S, Ng FTT, Pan Q. Synthesis of core-shell bottlebrush polymers of poly(polycaprolactone-b-polyethylene glycol) via ring-opening metathesis polymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.1969947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Fang
- Green Polymer and Catalysis Technology Laboratory (GPACT), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaohui Lin
- Green Polymer and Catalysis Technology Laboratory (GPACT), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Flora T. T. Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qinmin Pan
- Green Polymer and Catalysis Technology Laboratory (GPACT), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Wang M, Xu Z, Shi Y, Cai F, Qiu J, Yang G, Hua Z, Chen T. TEMPO-Functionalized Nanoreactors from Bottlebrush Copolymers for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols in Water. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8027-8035. [PMID: 34105963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoreactors in water fabricated by the self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers have attracted much attention due to their good catalytic performance without using organic solvents. However, the disassembly and instability of relevant nanostructures often compromise their potential applicability. Herein, the preparation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-containing nanoreactors by the self-assembly of amphiphilic bottlebrush copolymers has been demonstrated. First, a macromonomer having a norbornenyl polymerizable group was prepared by RAFT polymerization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers. The macromonomer was further subjected to ring-opening metathesis polymerization to produce an amphiphilic bottlebrush copolymer. Further, TEMPO, as a catalyst, was introduced into the hydrophobic block through the activated ester strategy. Finally, TEMPO-functionalized polymeric nanoreactors were successfully obtained by self-assembly in water. The nanoreactors exhibited excellent catalytic activities in selective oxidation of alcohols in water. More importantly, the reaction kinetics showed that the turnover frequency is greatly increased compared to that of the similar nanoreactor prepared from liner copolymers under the same conditions. The outstanding catalytic activities of the nanoreactors from bottlebrush copolymers could be attributed to the more stable micellar structure using the substrate concentration effect. This work presents a new strategy to fabricate stable nanoreactors, paving the way for highly efficient organic reactions in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhenkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.,Zhejiang Cady Industry Co., Ltd., Industrial Garden Lianshi Town, Huzhou 313013, China
| | - Fang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.,Zhejiang Cady Industry Co., Ltd., Industrial Garden Lianshi Town, Huzhou 313013, China
| | - Jiaqi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zan Hua
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; Eco-Dyeing and Finishing Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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17
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Verkhoturov DS, Crulhas BP, Eller MJ, Han YD, Verkhoturov SV, Bisrat Y, Revzin A, Schweikert EA. Nanoprojectile Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7481-7490. [PMID: 33988360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe a technique based on secondary ion mass spectrometry with nanoprojectiles (NP-SIMS) for determining the protein content of extracellular vesicles, EVs, via tagged antibodies. The technique uses individual gold nanoprojectiles (e.g., Au4004+ and Au28008+), separated in time and space, to bombard a surface. For each projectile impact (10-20 nm in diameter), the co-emitted molecules are mass analyzed and recorded as an individual mass spectrum. Examining these individual mass spectra for co-localized species allows for nanoscale mass spectrometry to be performed. The high lateral resolution of this technique is well suited for analyzing nano-objects. SIMS is generally limited to analyzing small molecules (below ∼1500 Da); therefore, we evaluated three molecules (eosin, erythrosine, and BHHTEGST) as prospective mass spectrometry tags. We tested these on a model surface comprising a mixture of all three tags conjugated to antibodies and found that NP-SIMS could detect all three tags from a single projectile impact. Applying the method, we tagged two surface proteins common in urinary EVs, CD63 and CD81, with anti-CD63-erythrosine and anti-CD81-BHHTEGST. We found that NP-SIMS could determine the relative abundance of the two proteins and required only a few hundred or thousand EVs in the analysis region to detect the presence of the tagged antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy S Verkhoturov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Bruno P Crulhas
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW St-11-14, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Michael J Eller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Yong D Han
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW St-11-14, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | | | - Yordanos Bisrat
- Materials Characterization Facility, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW St-11-14, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Emile A Schweikert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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18
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Ji E, Cummins C, Fleury G. Precise Synthesis and Thin Film Self-Assembly of PLLA- b-PS Bottlebrush Block Copolymers. Molecules 2021; 26:1412. [PMID: 33807816 PMCID: PMC7961899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) to self-assemble into ordered large periodic structures could greatly expand the scope of photonic and membrane technologies. In this paper, we describe a two-step synthesis of poly(l-lactide)-b-polystyrene (PLLA-b-PS) BBCPs and their rapid thin-film self-assembly. PLLA chains were grown from exo-5-norbornene-2-methanol via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide to produce norbornene-terminated PLLA. Norbonene-terminated PS was prepared using anionic polymerization followed by a termination reaction with exo-5-norbornene-2-carbonyl chloride. PLLA-b-PS BBCPs were prepared from these two norbornenyl macromonomers by a one-pot sequential ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). PLLA-b-PS BBCPs thin-films exhibited cylindrical and lamellar morphologies depending on the relative block volume fractions, with domain sizes of 46-58 nm and periodicities of 70-102 nm. Additionally, nanoporous templates were produced by the selective etching of PLLA blocks from ordered structures. The findings described in this work provide further insight into the controlled synthesis of BBCPs leading to various possible morphologies for applications requiring large periodicities. Moreover, the rapid thin film patterning strategy demonstrated (>5 min) highlights the advantages of using PLLA-b-PS BBCP materials beyond their linear BCP analogues in terms of both dimensions achievable and reduced processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (E.J.); (C.C.)
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19
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Yamauchi Y, Horimoto NN, Yamada K, Matsushita Y, Takeuchi M, Ishida Y. Two‐Step Divergent Synthesis of Monodisperse and Ultra‐Long Bottlebrush Polymers from an Easily Purifiable ROMP Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Yamauchi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan
| | | | - Kuniyo Yamada
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishida
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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20
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Yamauchi Y, Horimoto NN, Yamada K, Matsushita Y, Takeuchi M, Ishida Y. Two-Step Divergent Synthesis of Monodisperse and Ultra-Long Bottlebrush Polymers from an Easily Purifiable ROMP Monomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1528-1534. [PMID: 33058482 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The longest bottlebrush polymers reported so far (up to 7 μm in length) were synthesized in two steps from a norbornene derivative bearing two 2-bromoisobutylate moieties (NB). The key to this achievement is the excellent reactivity of NB in ring opening metathesis polymerization, which proceeded in a well-controlled manner with quantitative conversion of NB for monomer-initiator ratios ranging up to 10,000. The resultant polymer derived from NB was readily converted to various bottlebrush polymers in a divergent synthetic route by grafting vinyl monomers from the 2-bromoisobutylate units in NB via atom transfer radical polymerization. The structure of the ultra-long bottlebrush polymer was directly observed using atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Yamauchi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | | | - Kuniyo Yamada
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishida
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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21
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Zhou M, He Z, Chen Y, Zhu L, Li L, Li J. Synthesis, Self-assembly, and Fluorescence Application of Bottlebrush Polyfluorene-g-Polycaprolactone with Conjugated Backbone and Crystalline Brushes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000544. [PMID: 33331036 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of bottlebrush copolymers with conjugated backbone and crystalline branch chains, polyfluorene-g-polycaprolactone (PF-g-PCL), are synthesized by combining Suzuki cross-coupling polymerization and cationic ring-opening polymerization. The PF-g-PCLs are prepared to self-assembled in solution and thin film. Due to the J-type aggregation of the polyfluorene main chains, the self-assembly spherical micelles have been observed. Meanwhile, in film, they exhibited self-assembly ringed spherulites because of the PF microregions in the bottlebrush copolymer. As a result of the interruption of PCL side chains, the aggregation tendency of PF main chains is weakened. And both the polymer solution and solid can overcome the aggregation-caused quenching to provide more pronounced fluorescence. Especially, owing to the good processability of the PF-g-PCL, as a fluorescent ink for different substrates, they can easily be prepared as high-brightness fluorescent films that are invisible under ambient light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Zejian He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
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22
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Gadelrab KR, Alexander-Katz A. Effect of Molecular Architecture on the Self-Assembly of Bottlebrush Copolymers. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11519-11529. [PMID: 33267586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics of a new architecture of bottlebrush copolymers (BBCPs) self-assembly were studied using self-consistent field theory. In this molecule, a series of AB linear diblock side chains were connected at the diblock junction using a C backbone. The control over the linker length and its chemical nature created an additional constraint on the intrinsic AB diblock microphase separation. Increasing side-chain crowding by increasing the grafting density and total degree of polymerization induced improved phase separation. This was reflected in the overall reduction in the effective interaction parameter between the diblocks as well as the abrupt increase in phase density when crossing the order-disorder transition. Side-chain crowding resulted in an increase in the equilibrium domain spacing compared to a linear diblock. On the other hand, the localization of block C at the AB interface generated a diffuse domain boundary and reduction in side-chain stretching. The unique behavior of BBCPs was observed in 1D confined systems where the molecule showed the natural tendency to orient domains parallel to neutral confinement in contrast to the behavior of confined diblocks. Such behavior largely depended on the degree of incompatibility between the AB blocks and BBCP structure. A ternary phase diagram was constructed for different proportions of each block. Rich morphologies of core-shell domains and tiling patterns were observed including octagonal and pentagonal polygons. The unique architecture of this bottlebrush molecule and its improved nanoscale properties make it an attractive candidate for various applications of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim R Gadelrab
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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23
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Teulère C, Ben-Osman C, Barry C, Nicolaÿ R. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic heterografted molecular brushes prepared by telomerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Xiao L, Li J, Peng G, Huang G. The effect of grafting density and side chain length on the conformation of PEG grafted bottlebrush polymers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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25
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Liu Y, Wang J, Zhang M, Li H, Lin Z. Polymer-Ligated Nanocrystals Enabled by Nonlinear Block Copolymer Nanoreactors: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. ACS NANO 2020; 14:12491-12521. [PMID: 32975934 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The past several decades have witnessed substantial advances in synthesis and self-assembly of inorganic nanocrystals (NCs) due largely to their size- and shape-dependent properties for use in optics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, nanotechnology, and biomedical applications. Among various routes to NCs, the nonlinear block copolymer (BCP) nanoreactor technique has recently emerged as a general yet robust strategy for crafting a rich diversity of NCs of interest with precisely controlled dimensions, compositions, architectures, and surface chemistry. It is notable that nonlinear BCPs are unimolecular micelles, where each block copolymer arm of nonlinear BCP is covalently connected to a central core or polymer backbone. As such, their structures are static and stable, representing a class of functional polymers with complex architecture for directing the synthesis of NCs. In this review, recent progress in synthesizing NCs by capitalizing on two sets of nonlinear BCPs as nanoreactors are discussed. They are star-shaped BCPs for producing 0D spherical nanoparticles, including plain, hollow, and core-shell nanoparticles, and bottlebrush-like BCPs for creating 1D plain and core/shell nanorods (and nanowires) as well as nanotubes. As the surface of these NCs is intimately tethered with the outer blocks of nonlinear BCPs used, they can thus be regarded as polymer-ligated NCs (i.e., hairy NCs). First, the rational design and synthesis of nonlinear BCPs via controlled/living radical polymerizations is introduced. Subsequently, their use as the NC-directing nanoreactors to yield monodisperse nanoparticles and nanorods with judiciously engineered dimensions, compositions, and surface chemistry is examined. Afterward, the intriguing properties of such polymer-ligated NCs, which are found to depend sensitively on their sizes, architectures, and functionalities of surface polymer hairs, are highlighted. Some practical applications of these polymer-ligated NCs for energy conversion and storage and drug delivery are then discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Huaming Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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26
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Jiang Y. The influence of side-chain conformations on the phase behavior of bottlebrush block polymers. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:8047-8056. [PMID: 32785406 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00918k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A self-consistent field theory based on the wormlike chain model is implemented in the investigation of the self-assembly behavior of bottlebrush block polymers in the formation of a lamellar phase. We utilize the model in which the semi-flexible side chains of two types A and B are grafted at the semi-flexible backbone of type C to mimic the bottlebrush molecule, particularly allowing for the extended chain conformation due to the high grafting density. We examine the positional and orientational probability distribution for the segments along the backbone and side chains as a function of the grafting density and chain flexibility for all blocks, covering a broad regime spanning from the flexible chain to rigid rod chain. This reveals that the persistence length of side chains λSC which intrinsically tunes the chain conformation of bottlebrush polymers plays a pivotal role in determining the manner of the local monomer packing in microphase segregation. As an important adjustable factor, λSC has a remarkable impact on the backbone extension and then realizes the effective manipulation of the characteristic structural size of self-assembled microstructures, such as the domain spacing and the interfacial width.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Chen
- School of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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27
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Zhang Z, Cheng L, Zhao J, Wang L, Liu K, Yu W, Yan X. Synergistic Covalent and Supramolecular Polymers for Mechanically Robust but Dynamic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12139-12146. [PMID: 32293777 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nature has engineered delicate synergistic covalent and supramolecular polymers (CSPs) to achieve advanced life functions, such as the thin filaments that assist in muscle contraction. Constructing artificial synergistic CSP materials with bioinspired mechanically adaptive features, however, represents a challenging goal. Here, we report an artificial CSP system to illustrate the integration of a covalent polymer (CP) and a supramolecular polymer (SP) in a synergistic fashion, along with the emergence of notable mechanical and dynamic properties which are unattainable when the two polymers are formed individually. The synergistic effect relies on the peculiar network structures of the SP and CPs, which endow the resultant CSPs with overall improved mechanical performance in terms of the stiffness, strength, stretchability, toughness, and elastic recovery. Moreover, the dynamic properties of the SP, including self-healing, stimuli-responsiveness, and reprocessing, are also retained in the CSPs, thus leading to their application as programmable and tunable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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28
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Synthesis and characterization of electroactive bottlebrush nano-copolymers based on polystyrene and polyaniline as side chains and poly(3-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiophene) as backbone. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Horkay F, Chremos A, Douglas JF, L Jones R, Lou J, Xia Y. Systematic investigation of synthetic polyelectrolyte bottlebrush solutions by neutron and dynamic light scattering, osmometry, and molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:194904. [PMID: 33687251 DOI: 10.1063/5.0007271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a great interest in the synthesis and characterization of polyelectrolytes that mimic naturally occurring bottlebrush polyelectrolytes to capitalize on the unique properties of this class of macromolecules. Charged bottlebrush polymers form the protective mucus layer in the lungs, stomach, and orifices of animals and provide osmotic stabilization and lubrication to joints. In the present work, we systematically investigate bottlebrush poly(sodium acrylates) through a combination of measurements of solution properties (osmometry, small-angle neutron scattering, and dynamic light scattering) and molecular dynamics simulations, where the bottlebrush properties are compared in each case to their linear polymer counterparts. These complementary experimental and computational methods probe vastly different length- and timescales, allowing for a comprehensive characterization of the supermolecular structure and dynamics of synthetic polyelectrolyte bottlebrush molecules in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Horkay
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Alexandros Chremos
- Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jack F Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Ronald L Jones
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Junzhe Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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30
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Zhang Z, Cheng L, Zhao J, Wang L, Liu K, Yu W, Yan X. Synergistic Covalent and Supramolecular Polymers for Mechanically Robust but Dynamic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Lin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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31
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Lv S, Kim H, Song Z, Feng L, Yang Y, Baumgartner R, Tseng KY, Dillon SJ, Leal C, Yin L, Cheng J. Unimolecular Polypeptide Micelles via Ultrafast Polymerization of N-Carboxyanhydrides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8570-8574. [PMID: 32196323 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptide micelles are widely used as biocompatible nanoplatforms but often suffer from their poor structural stability. Unimolecular polypeptide micelles can effectively address the structure instability issue, but their synthesis with uniform structure and well-controlled and desired sizes remains challenging. Herein we report the convenient preparation of spherical unimolecular micelles through dendritic polyamine-initiated ultrafast ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs). Synthetic polypeptides with exceptionally high molecular weights (up to 85 MDa) and low dispersity (Đ < 1.05) can be readily obtained, which are the biggest synthetic polypeptides ever reported. The degree of polymerization was controlled in a vast range (25-3200), giving access to nearly monodisperse unimolecular micelles with predictable sizes. Many NCA monomers can be polymerized using this ultrafast polymerization method, which enables the incorporation of various structural and functional moieties into the unimolecular micelles. Because of the simplicity of the synthesis and superior control over the structure, the unimolecular polypeptide micelles may find applications in nanomedicine, supermolecular chemistry, and bionanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixian Lv
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ziyuan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yingfeng Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ryan Baumgartner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kuan-Ying Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shen J Dillon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lichen Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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32
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Gruschwitz FV, Klein T, Catrouillet S, Brendel JC. Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5079-5110. [PMID: 32347854 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01202e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The field of supramolecular chemistry has long been known to generate complex materials of different sizes and shapes via the self-assembly of single or multiple low molar mass building blocks. Matching the complexity found in natural assemblies, however, remains a long-term challenge considering its precision in organizing large macromolecules into well-defined nanostructures. Nevertheless, the increasing understanding of supramolecular chemistry has paved the way to several attempts in arranging synthetic macromolecules into larger ordered structures based on non-covalent forces. This review is a first attempt to summarize the developments in this field, which focus mainly on the formation of one-dimensional, linear, cylindrical aggregates in solution with pendant polymer chains - therefore coined supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes in accordance with their covalent equivalents. Distinguishing by the different supramolecular driving forces, we first describe systems based on π-π interactions, which comprise, among others, the well-known perylene motif, but also the early attempts using cyclophanes. However, the majority of reported supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes are formed by hydrogen bonds as they can for example be found in linear and cyclic peptides, as well as so called sticker molecules containing multiple urea groups. Besides this overview on the reported motifs and their impact on the resulting morphology of the polymer nanostructures, we finally highlight the potential benefits of such non-covalent interactions and refer to promising future directions of this still mostly unrecognized field of supramolecular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka V Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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33
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Cai J, Li C, Kong N, Lu Y, Lin G, Wang X, Yao Y, Manners I, Qiu H. Tailored multifunctional micellar brushes via crystallization-driven growth from a surface. Science 2020; 366:1095-1098. [PMID: 31780551 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax9075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The creation of nanostructures with precise chemistries on material surfaces is of importance in a wide variety of areas such as lithography, superhydrophobicity, and cell adhesion. We describe a platform for surface functionalization that involves the fabrication of cylindrical micellar brushes on a silicon wafer through seeded growth of crystallizable block copolymers at the termini of immobilized, surface-confined crystallite seeds. The density, length, and coronal chemistry of the micellar brushes can be precisely tuned, and post-growth decoration with nanoparticles enables applications in catalysis and antibacterial surface modification. The micellar brushes can also be grown on ultrathin two-dimensional materials such as graphene oxide nanosheets and further assembled into a membrane for the separation of oil-in-water emulsions and gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Cai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Na Kong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Geyu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. .,School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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34
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Su YX, Xu L, Xu XH, Hou XH, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Controlled Synthesis of Densely Grafted Bottlebrushes That Bear Helical Polyisocyanide Side Chains on Polyisocyanide Backbones and Exhibit Greatly Increased Viscosity. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xu Su
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xun-Hui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Hou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
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35
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Wessels MG, Jayaraman A. Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers of varying architectures near attractive surfaces. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:623-633. [PMID: 31808757 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the assembly of A-B amphiphilic polymers near/on surfaces as a function of polymer architecture and surface attraction to the solvophobic B-block in the polymer. We study four polymer architectures: linear, bottlebrush with a backbone that is longer than each of the side chains, bottlebrush where the solvophobic backbone is similar in length to each of the side chains, and 'star-like' architectures where the backbone is significantly shorter than the side chain lengths. For each architecture and surface-B attraction, we quantify the assembled aggregate structure (i.e., aggregation number, domain shapes and sizes) and the chain conformations (i.e., components of the chain radius of gyration) on and away from the surface. For all the architectures and surface-B attraction strengths, the assembled structure away from the surface is similar to the assembly observed in bulk systems without surfaces. Near/on the surface, the assembled B-blocks form domains whose shapes and sizes are dependent on the surface-B attraction strength and the ability of the B-block in the polymer architecture to change conformations and pack on the surface. Domain sizes formed from linear and 'star-like' polymer architectures show the highest sensitivity to surface-B-block attraction strength, transitioning from hemispherical to disordered domains with increasing attraction strength. In contrast, bottlebrushes with long backbones and short side chains transition from hemispherical to striped to continuous domains with increasing surface-B attraction strength. Bottlebrushes with similar solvophobic backbone and side chain lengths form hemispherical domains that do not change significantly with the surface-B-block attraction strength. These computational results can guide experimentalists in their choices of surface chemistry and polymer architecture to achieve desired assembled domain shapes and sizes on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel G Wessels
- Colburn Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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36
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Klein T, Ulrich HF, Gruschwitz FV, Kuchenbrod MT, Takahashi R, Fujii S, Hoeppener S, Nischang I, Sakurai K, Brendel JC. Impact of amino acids on the aqueous self-assembly of benzenetrispeptides into supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The choice of the amino acid unit in benzenetrispeptide-PEO conjugates allows to fine-tune the self-assembly strength and to control the resulting solution morphologies in water.
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37
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Zhang M, Wu Y, Liu Z, Li J, Huang L, Zhang K. An Efficient Ring-Closure Method for Preparing Well-Defined Cyclic Polynorbornenes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900598. [PMID: 31880033 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient bimolecular ring-closure method is developed to prepare the well-defined cyclic polynorbornenes by combining the living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with the self-accelerating double strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (DSPAAC) reaction. In this method, ROMP is used to synthesize the well-defined linear polynorbornenes with both azide terminals by virtue of a N-hydroxysuccinimide-ester-functionalized Grubbs initiator following the modification of polymer end groups. DSPAAC click reaction is then used to ring-close the linear polymer precursors and prepare the corresponding well-defined cyclic polynorbornenes using the sym-dibenzo-1,5-cyclooctadiene-3,7-diyne (DIBOD) as small linkers. The self-accelerating DSPAAC ring-closing reaction facilitates this method to efficiently prepare pure cyclic polynorbornenes in the presence of a molar excess of DIBOD small linkers to the linear polynorbornene precursors. This is the first report to prepare well-defined polynorbornenes with cyclic topology based on the ring-closure strategy for cyclic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhengping Liu
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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38
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Heo GS, Cho S, Wooley KL. Preparation of Degradable Polymeric Nanoparticles with Various Sizes and Surface Charges from Polycarbonate Block Copolymers. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Chen Y, Sun Z, Li H, Dai Y, Hu Z, Huang H, Shi Y, Li Y, Chen Y. Molecular Bottlebrushes Featuring Brush-on-Brush Architecture. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:749-753. [PMID: 35619534 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Molecular bottlebrushes featuring brush-on-brush (BoB) architecture were prepared by combining azide-alkyne click chemistry, ring-opening polymerization (ROP), and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Primary side chains of diblock copolymers with a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) block and a poly(α-bromo-ε-caprolactone) (P(CL-Br)) block were synthesized by ROP and then grafted onto PCL backbone by the click reaction. Then the secondary side chains of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) acrylate) (POEGA) were grafted from the P(CL-Br) block by ATRP, yielding an amphiphilic core/shell structure. Imaging of individual macromolecules by atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated dramatically thickened wormlike formation with distinct hairy side chains. Interestingly, for the BoB molecular bottlebrushes with enough long primary and secondary side chains, sufficient tension can be generated along the backbone and thus lead to its cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ziyang Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huaan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yunkai Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhitao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huahua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology Guangdong, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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40
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Yu YG, Seo C, Chae CG, Seo HB, Kim MJ, Kang Y, Lee JS. Hydrogen Bonding-Mediated Phase Transition of Polystyrene and Polyhydroxystyrene Bottlebrush Block Copolymers with Polyethylene Glycol. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhee Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Geun Chae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Bin Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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41
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Dutertre F, Bang KT, Vereroudakis E, Loppinet B, Yang S, Kang SY, Fytas G, Choi TL. Conformation of Tunable Nanocylinders: Up to Sixth-Generation Dendronized Polymers via Graft-Through Approach by ROMP. Macromolecules 2019; 52:3342-3350. [PMID: 31496546 PMCID: PMC6727591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined dendronized polymers (denpols) bearing high-generation dendron are attractive nano-objects as high persistency provides distinct properties, contrast to the random coiled linear polymers However, their syntheses via graft-through approach have been very challenging due to their structural complexity and steric hindrance retarding polymerization. Here, we report the first example of the synthesis of poly(norbornene) (PNB) containing ester dendrons up to the sixth generation (G6) by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. This is the highest generation ever polymerized among dendronized polymers prepared by graft-through approach, producing denpols with molecular weight up to 1960 kg/mol. Combination of size-exclusion chromatography, light scattering, and neutron scattering allowed a thorough structural study of these large denpols in dilute solution. A semiflexible cylinder model was successfully applied to represent both the static and dynamic experimental quantities yielding persistent length (l p), cross-sectional radius (R cs), and contour length (L). The denpol persistency seemed to increase with generation, with l p reaching 27 nm (Kuhn length 54 nm) for PNB-G6, demonstrating a rod-like conformation. Poly(endo-tricycle[4.2.2.0]deca-3,9-diene) (PTD) denpols exhibited larger persistency than the PNB analogues of the same generation presumably due to the higher grafting density of the PTD denpols. As the dendritic side chains introduce shape anisotropy into the denpol backbone, future work will entail a study of these systems in the concentrated solutions and melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Dutertre
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Emmanouil Vereroudakis
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Department
of Materials Science & Technology, University
of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Benoit Loppinet
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - George Fytas
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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42
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Levi AE, Lequieu J, Horne JD, Bates MW, Ren JM, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH, Bates CM. Miktoarm Stars via Grafting-Through Copolymerization: Self-Assembly and the Star-to-Bottlebrush Transition. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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43
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Choinopoulos I. Grubbs' and Schrock's Catalysts, Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Molecular Brushes-Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E298. [PMID: 30960282 PMCID: PMC6419171 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, molecular brushes and other macromolecular architectures bearing a bottlebrush segment where the main chain is synthesized by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) mediated by Mo or Ru metal complexes are considered. A brief review of metathesis and ROMP is presented in order to understand the problems and the solutions provided through the years. The synthetic strategies towards bottlebrush copolymers are demonstrated and each one discussed separately. The initiators/catalysts for the synthesis of the backbone with ROMP are discussed. Syntheses of molecular brushes are presented. The most interesting properties of the bottlebrushes are detailed. Finally, the applications studied by different groups are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Choinopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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44
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Alaboalirat M, Qi L, Arrington KJ, Qian S, Keum JK, Mei H, Littrell KC, Sumpter BG, Carrillo JMY, Verduzco R, Matson JB. Amphiphilic Bottlebrush Block Copolymers: Analysis of Aqueous Self-Assembly by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Surface Tension Measurements. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alaboalirat
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Luqing Qi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kyle J. Arrington
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | | | - Hao Mei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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45
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Teo YC, Xia Y. Facile Synthesis of Macromonomers via ATRP–Nitroxide Radical Coupling and Well-Controlled Brush Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yew Chin Teo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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46
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Kim MJ, Yu YG, Chae CG, Seo HB, Bak IG, Mallela YLNK, Lee JS. ω-Norbornenyl Macromonomers: In Situ Synthesis by End-Capping of Living Anionic Polymers Using a Norbornenyl-Functionalized α-Phenyl Acrylate and Their Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Guen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Geun Chae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Bin Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Bak
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. L. N. Kishore Mallela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Grubbs Center for Polymers and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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47
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Spencer RKW, Matsen MW. Field-theoretic simulations of bottlebrush copolymers. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:184901. [PMID: 30441915 DOI: 10.1063/1.5051744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional particle-based simulations struggle with large bottlebrush copolymers, consisting of many side chains grafted to a backbone. Field-theoretical simulations (FTS) allow us to overcome the computational demands in order to calculate their equilibrium behavior. We consider bottlebrushes where all grafts are symmetric diblock copolymers, focusing on the order-disorder transition (ODT) and the size of ordered domains. Increasing the number of grafts and decreasing the spacing between them both raise the transition temperature. The ODT and lamellar period asymptotically approach constants as the number of grafts increases. As the spacing between grafts becomes large, the bottlebrushes behave like diblock copolymers, and as it becomes small, they behave like starblock copolymers. In between, the period increases, reaching a maximum when the spacing is approximately 0.35 times the length of the grafts. A comparison of FTS with mean-field calculations allows us to assess the effect of compositional fluctuations. Fluctuations suppress ordering, while having little effect on the period, as is the case for diblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell K W Spencer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mark W Matsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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48
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Xie G, Martinez MR, Olszewski M, Sheiko SS, Matyjaszewski K. Molecular Bottlebrushes as Novel Materials. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:27-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael R. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sergei S. Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Neary WJ, Fultz BA, Kennemur JG. Well-Defined and Precision-Grafted Bottlebrush Polypentenamers from Variable Temperature ROMP and ATRP. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1080-1086. [PMID: 35632939 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polypentenamer macroinitiators are synthesized through variable temperature ring opening metathesis polymerization of 3-cyclopentenyl α-bromoisobutyrate, which has sufficient ring strain (ΔHp = -22.6 kJ mol-1) to produce targeted molar mass (<5% from theoretical), low dispersity (1.17 ≤ Đ ≤ 1.23), and high conversion (∼72%). An initiation site for atom-transfer radical polymerization at every fifth backbone carbon allows "grafting-from" of styrene with quantitative initiation and linear molar mass increase with time. These bottlebrushes retain a low dispersity (Đ ≤ 1.34) at varying graft degrees of polymerization (5 ≤ Nsc ≤ 49) and have a glass transition temperature highly sensitized to graft length. Extension of the grafts with methyl methacrylate produces a core-shell brush polymer with high molar mass (>1000 kg mol-1) and Đ = 1.33. This system exhibits high synthetic versatility and control with a unique flexible backbone to expand the suite of densely grafted polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Neary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Brandon A. Fultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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50
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Sunday DF, Chang AB, Liman CD, Gann E, Delongchamp DM, Thomsen L, Matsen MW, Grubbs RH, Soles CL. Self-Assembly of ABC Bottlebrush Triblock Terpolymers with Evidence for Looped Backbone Conformations. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Sunday
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alice B. Chang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Christopher D. Liman
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Eliot Gann
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Dean M. Delongchamp
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Mark W. Matsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Christopher L. Soles
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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