1
|
Lu S, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Tao Y, Lin Q, Zhang Q, Lv X, Hua L, Chen Z, Wang H, Zhuang GL, Zhang QC, Guo C, Li X, Yu X. Enhancing Effect of Fullerene Guest and Counterion on the Structural Stability and Electrical Conductivity of Octahedral Metallo-Supramolecular Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410710. [PMID: 38949854 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular cages have garnered tremendous attention for their diverse yet molecular-level precision structures. However, the physical properties of these supramolecular ensembles, which are of potential significance in molecular electronics, remain largely unexplored. We herein constructed a series of octahedral metallo-cages and cage-fullerene complexes with notably enhanced structural stability. As such, we could systematically evaluate the electrical conductivity of these ensembles at both the single-molecule level and aggregated bulk state (as well-defined films). Our findings reveal that counteranions and fullerene guests play a pivotal role in determining the electrical conductivity of the aggregated state, while such effects are less significant for single-molecule conductance. Both the counteranions and fullerenes effectively tune the electronic structures and packing density of metallo-supramolecular assemblies, and facilitate efficient charge transfer between the cage hosts and fullerenes, resulting in a notable one order of magnitude increase in the electrical conductivity of the aggregated state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Ziang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yiying Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Ye Tao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Quanjie Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Lei Hua
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gui-Lin Zhuang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Qian-Chong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Cunlan Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang B, Zhou M, Hong QY, Wu MX, Zhao XL, Xu L, Gao EQ, Yang HB, Shi X. A Redox-Active Phenothiazine-based Pd 2L 4-Type Coordination Cage and Its Isolable Crystalline Polyradical Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407279. [PMID: 38872356 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Polyradical cages are of great interest because they show very fascinating physical and chemical properties, but many challenges remain, especially for their synthesis and characterization. Herein, we present the synthesis of a polyradical cation cage 14⋅+ through post-synthetic oxidation of a redox-active phenothiazine-based Pd2L4-type coordination cage 1. It's worth noting that 1 exhibits excellent reversible electrochemical and chemical redox activity due to the introduction of a bulky 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl substituent. The generation of 14⋅+ through reversible electrochemical oxidation is investigated by in situ UV/Vis-NIR and EPR spectroelectrochemistry. Meanwhile, chemical oxidation of 1 can also produce 14⋅+ which can be reversibly reduced back to the original cage 1, and the process is monitored by EPR and NMR spectroscopies. Eventually, we succeed in the isolation and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 14⋅+, whose electronic structure and conformation are distinct to original 1. The magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the predominantly antiferromagnetic interactions between the four phenothiazine radical cations in 14⋅+. We believe that our study including the facile synthesis methodology and in situ spectroelectrochemistry will shed some light on the synthesis and characterization of novel polyradical systems, opening more perspectives for developing functional supramolecular cages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Manfei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiong-Yan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Meng-Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - En-Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xueliang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibáñez S, Mejuto C, Cerón K, Sanz Miguel PJ, Peris E. A corannulene-based metallobox for the encapsulation of fullerenes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13415-13420. [PMID: 39183911 PMCID: PMC11339943 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03661a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A corannulene-bis-N-imidazolium salt was used for the synthesis of two corannulene-bis-N-heterocyclic carbenes of dirhodium(i) complexes of formula (corannulene-di-NHC)[RhCl(COD)]2 and (corannulene-di-NHC)[RhCl(CO)2]2. Both complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, and the electron-donating properties of the corannulene-di-NHC ligand were studied by means of infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The complex (corannulene-di-NHC)[RhCl(COD)]2 was used for the encapsulation of fullerenes C60 and C70, generating host-guest complexes with 2 : 1 stoichiometry, as evidenced by 1H NMR and ITC titrations. Then, a tetra-rhodium(i) metallo-rectangle supported by two corannulene-bis-imidazolylidene ligands and two cofacial 4,4'-bipyridine ligands was prepared and characterized. This metallobox is capable of quantitatively encapsulating fullerenes C60 and C70, forming complexes that are highly stable even at high temperatures. The molecular structure of the metallobox with encapsulated C60 reveals a perfect size and shape complementarity that benefits from the concave-convex π-π interaction between the polyaromatic surfaces of the host and the guest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ibáñez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n Castellón E-12071 Spain
| | - Carmen Mejuto
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n Castellón E-12071 Spain
| | - Katherin Cerón
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n Castellón E-12071 Spain
| | - Pablo J Sanz Miguel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I Av. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n Castellón E-12071 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tayier F, Troyano J, Tokuda S, Wang Z, Haga MA, Furukawa S. Redox-Active Ruthenium-Organic Polyhedra with Tunable Surface Functionality and Porosities. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5559-5567. [PMID: 38470047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Dinuclear ruthenium paddlewheel complexes exhibit high structural stability in redox reactions. The use of these chemical motifs for the construction of Ru-based metal-organic polyhedra (RuMOPs) provides a route for redox-active porous materials. However, there are few studies on the synthesis and characterization of RuMOPs due to the difficulty in controlling the assembly process via the ligand-exchange reaction of equatorial acetates of the diruthenium tetraacetate precursors with dicarboxylic acid ligands. In this study, we synthesized three novel cuboctahedral RuMOPs based on the Ru2(II/III)-paddlewheel units with different alkyl functionalizations on the benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate moieties. We evaluated the effect of external functionalization on the molecular packing and the porous and redox properties. The electrochemical measurements revealed the multielectron transferred redox process where the electron-donating/-withdrawing nature of the functional groups allows the control of the redox behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuerkaiti Tayier
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Javier Troyano
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shun Tokuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Haga
- Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chang X, Xu Y, von Delius M. Recent advances in supramolecular fullerene chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:47-83. [PMID: 37853792 PMCID: PMC10759306 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00937d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene chemistry has come a long way since 1990, when the first bulk production of C60 was reported. In the past decade, progress in supramolecular chemistry has opened some remarkable and previously unexpected opportunities regarding the selective (multiple) functionalization of fullerenes and their (self)assembly into larger structures and frameworks. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of these recent developments. We describe how macrocycles and cages that bind strongly to C60 can be used to block undesired addition patterns and thus allow the selective preparation of single-isomer addition products. We also discuss how the emergence of highly shape-persistent macrocycles has opened opportunities for the study of photoactive fullerene dyads and triads as well as the preparation of mechanically interlocked compounds. The preparation of two- or three-dimensional fullerene materials is another research area that has seen remarkable progress over the past few years. Due to the rapidly decreasing price of C60 and C70, we believe that these achievements will translate into all fields where fullerenes have traditionally (third-generation solar cells) and more recently been applied (catalysis, spintronics).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qin Y, Ling QH, Wang YT, Hu YX, Hu L, Zhao X, Wang D, Yang HB, Xu L, Tang BZ. Construction of Covalent Organic Cages with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics from Metallacages for Mimicking Light-Harvesting Antenna. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308210. [PMID: 37452485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of covalent organic cages built from fluorophores capable of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) were elegantly prepared through the reduction of preorganized M2 (LA )3 (LB )2 -type metallacages, simultaneously taking advantage of the synthetic accessibility and well-defined shapes and sizes of metallacages, the good chemical stability of the covalent cages as well as the bright emission of AIE fluorophores. Moreover, the covalent cages could be further post-synthetically modified into an amide-functionalized cage with a higher quantum yield. Furthermore, these presented covalent cages proved to be good energy donors and were used to construct light-harvesting systems employing Nile Red as an energy acceptor. These light-harvesting systems displayed efficient energy transfer and relatively high antenna effect, which enabled their use as efficient photocatalysts for a dehalogenation reaction. This research provides a new avenue for the development of luminescent covalent cages for light-harvesting and photocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qing-Hui Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yu-Te Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yi-Xiong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lianrui Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vestrheim O, Schenkelberg ME, Dai Q, Schneebeli ST. Efficient Multigram Procedure for the Synthesis of Large Hydrazone-linked Molecular Cages. Org Chem Front 2023; 10:3965-3974. [PMID: 37906634 PMCID: PMC10600964 DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00480e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Covalently linked molecular cages can provide significant advantages (including, but not limited to enhanced thermal and chemical stability) over metal-linked coordination cages. Yet, while large coordination cages can now be created routinely, it is still challenging to create chemically robust, covalently linked molecular cages with large internal cavities. This fundamental challenge has made it difficult, for example, to introduce endohedral functional groups into covalent cages to enhance their practical utility (e.g., for selective guest recognition or catalysis), since the cavities would have simply been filled up with such endohedral functional groups in most cases. Here we now report the synthesis of some of the largest known covalently linked molecular tetrahedra. Our new covalent cages all contain 12 peripheral functional groups, which keep them soluble. They are formed from a common vertex, which aligns the hydrazide functions required for the hydrazone linkages with atropisomerism. While we previously reported this vertex as a building block for the smallest member of our hydrazone-linked tetrahedra, our original synthesis was not feasible to be carried out on the larger scales required to successfully access the larger tetrahedra. To overcome this synthetic challenge, we now present a greatly improved synthesis of our vertex, which only requires a single chromatographic step (compared to 3 chromatographic purification steps, which were needed for the initial synthesis). Our new synthetic route enabled us to create a whole family of molecular cages with increasing size (all linked with hydrolytically stable hydrazone bonds), with our largest covalent cage featuring p-quarterphenyl linkers and the ability to encapsulate a hypothetical sphere of approximately 3 nm in diameter. These results now open up the possibility to introduce functional groups required for selective recognition and catalysis into chemically robust covalent cages (without blocking the cavities of the covalent cages).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olav Vestrheim
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Mica E. Schenkelberg
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Qingsheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- This paper describes experimental work performed by Qingsheng Dai but she is unaware that it has been submitted for publication as we have no contact details for her. Qingsheng Dai, therefore, does not take any responsibility for the submission
| | - Severin T. Schneebeli
- Departments of Industrial & Physical Pharmacy and Chemistry, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nielsen CJ, Laan PCM, Plessius R, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI, Pullen S. Probing the influence of substrate binding on photocatalytic dehalogenation with a heteroleptic supramolecular [M 4L a2L b2] square containing PDI photosensitizers as ligands. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:199-209. [PMID: 37186104 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis is a valuable tool in a large variety of chemical reactions. Main challenges still to be overcome are photodegradation of photocatalysts and substrates, short lifetimes of reactive intermediates, and selectivity issues due to unwanted side reactions. A potential solution to these challenges is the pre-organization of the photosensitizer, substrate and (co)-catalyst in supramolecular self-assembled structures. In such architectures, (organic) dyes can be stabilized, and higher selectivity could potentially be achieved through pre-organizing desired reaction partners via non-covalent interactions. Perylene diimide (PDI) is an organic dye, which can be readily reduced to its mono- and dianion. Excitation of both anions leads to highly reducing excited states, which are able to reduce a variety of substrates via single electron transfer. The incorporation of PDI into a heteroleptic [M4La2Lb2] supramolecular square has been recently demonstrated. Herein we investigate its photophysical properties and demonstrate that incorporated PDI indeed features photocatalytic activity. Initial results suggest that the pre-organisation by binding positively affects the outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Jasslie Nielsen
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Petrus C M Laan
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Raoul Plessius
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry & Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Pullen
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94720, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Purba PC, Maitra PK, Bhattacharyya S, Mukherjee PS. Rigidification-Induced Emissive Metal-Carbene Complexes for Artificial Light Harvesting. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37411006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based flexible imidazolium (L) salt was used to develop a di-nuclear silver(I)-tetracarbene (1) complex. Coordination-induced rigidity upon formation of 1 exhibited a 6-fold increase in emission intensity in acetonitrile compared to starting L. Despite TPE being a well-known aggregation-induced emissive moiety, AgI-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex 1 had a remarkably higher fluorescence emission (4-fold) in dilute solution when compared with L in its aggregated state. Finally, this enhanced emission was used to institute a new platform for an artificial light-harvesting system. 1 acted as an energy donor and efficiently transferred energy to Eosin Y (ESY) with a high saturation at a 67:1 (1/ESY) molar ratio. Use of rigidification-induced emission of the AgI-NHC complex to fabricate a light-harvesting scaffold is a new approach and can greatly impact the generation of smart materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prioti Choudhury Purba
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Pranay Kumar Maitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu S, Morrow DJ, Li Z, Guo C, Yu X, Wang H, Schultz JD, O'Connor JP, Jin N, Fang F, Wang W, Cui R, Chen O, Su C, Wasielewski MR, Ma X, Li X. Encapsulating Semiconductor Quantum Dots in Supramolecular Cages Enables Ultrafast Guest-Host Electron and Vibrational Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5191-5202. [PMID: 36745391 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the field of supramolecular chemistry, host-guest systems have been extensively explored to encapsulate a wide range of substrates, owing to emerging functionalities in nanoconfined space that cannot be achieved in dilute solutions. However, host-guest chemistry is still limited to encapsulation of small guests. Herein, we construct a water-soluble metallo-supramolecular hexagonal prism with a large hydrophobic cavity by anchoring multiple polyethylene glycol chains onto the building blocks. Then, assembled prisms are able to encapsulate quantum dots (QDs) with diameters of less than 5.0 nm. Furthermore, we find that the supramolecular cage around each QD strongly modifies the photophysics of the QD by universally increasing the rates of QD relaxation processes via ultrafast electron and vibrational energy transfer. Taken together, these efforts expand the scope of substrates in host-guest systems and provide a new approach to tune the optical properties of QDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Darien J Morrow
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhikai Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Jonathan D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - James P O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Na Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Fang Fang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ran Cui
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Chenliang Su
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xuedan Ma
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.,Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, Northwestern-Argonne Institute of Science and Engineering, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Enantioselective fullerene functionalization through stereochemical information transfer from a self-assembled cage. Nat Chem 2023; 15:405-412. [PMID: 36550231 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The regioselective functionalization of C60 remains challenging, while the enantioselective functionalization of C60 is difficult to explore due to the need for complex chiral tethers or arduous chromatography. Metal-organic cages have served as masks to effect the regioselective functionalization of C60. However, it is difficult to control the stereochemistry of the resulting fullerene adducts through this method. Here we report a means of defining up to six stereocentres on C60, achieving enantioselective fullerene functionalization. This method involves the use of a metal-organic cage built from a chiral formylpyridine. Fullerenes hosted within the cavity of the cage can be converted into a series of C60 adducts through chemo-, regio- and stereo-selective Diels-Alder reactions with the edges of the cage. The chiral formylpyridine ultimately dictates the stereochemistry of these chiral fullerene adducts without being incorporated into them. Such chiral fullerene adducts may become useful in devices requiring circularly polarized light manipulation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bera S, Das S, Melle‐Franco M, Mateo‐Alonso A. An Organic Molecular Nanobarrel that Hosts and Solubilizes C 60. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216540. [PMID: 36469042 PMCID: PMC10107786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic cages have gained increasing attention in recent years as molecular hosts and porous materials. Among these, barrel-shaped cages or molecular nanobarrels are promising systems to encapsulate large hosts as they possess windows of the same size as their internal cavity. However, these systems have received little attention and remain practically unexplored despite their potential. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a new trigonal prismatic organic nanobarrel with two large triangular windows with a diameter of 12.7 Å optimal for the encapsulation of C60 . Remarkably, this organic nanobarrel shows a high affinity for C60 in solvents in which C60 is virtually insoluble, providing stable solutions of C60 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saibal Bera
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastiánSpain
| | - Satyajit Das
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastiánSpain
| | - Manuel Melle‐Franco
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Aveiro3810-193AveiroPortugal
| | - Aurelio Mateo‐Alonso
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastiánSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for Science48009BilbaoSpain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu JC, Escudero-Adán EC, Martínez-Belmonte M, de Mendoza J. A tetrahedron from homooxacalix[3]arene, the fifth Platonic polyhedron from calixarenes and uranyl. Front Chem 2023; 11:1163178. [PMID: 37153526 PMCID: PMC10160636 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1163178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A self-assembled tetrahedral cage results from two C 3-symmetry building blocks, namely, homooxacalix[3]arene tricarboxylate and uranyl cation, as demonstrated by X-ray crystallography. In the cage, four metals coordinate at the lower rim with the phenolic and ether oxygen atoms to shape the macrocycle with appropriate dihedral angles for tetrahedron formation, whereas four additional uranyl cations further coordinate at the upper-rim carboxylates to finalize the assembly. Counterions dictate the filling and porosity of the aggregates, whereas potassium induces highly porous structures, and tetrabutylammonium yields compact, densely packed frameworks. The tetrahedron metallo-cage complements our previous report (Pasquale et al., Nat. Commun., 2012, 3, 785) on uranyl-organic frameworks (UOFs) from calix[4]arene and calix[5]arene carboxylates (octahedral/cubic and icosahedral/dodecahedral giant cages, respectively) and completes the assembly of all five Platonic solids from just two chemical components.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chai L, Ju Y, Xing J, Ma X, Zhao X, Tan Y. Nanographene Metallaprisms: Structure, Stimulated Transformation, and Emission Enhancement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210268. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yang‐Yang Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jiang‐Feng Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin‐Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuan‐Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luan K, Lin QF, Xie FF, Wang Y, Li YF, Wang L, Deng LL, Xie SY, Zheng LS. Molecular Tweezer Based on Perylene and Crown Ether for Selective Recognition of Fullerenes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31442-31447. [PMID: 36092566 PMCID: PMC9453932 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A molecular tweezer trans-di(perylene-3-ylmethanaminobenzo)-18-crown-6 (DP-18C6) incorporating two perylene subunits in a single crown ether core was designed and synthesized as a host for fullerenes. Through the cooperative effect of the perylene subunits and the crown ether moiety, DP-18C6 can efficiently recognize fullerenes including C60, C70, and C76. 1H NMR titration and fluorescence titration experiments demonstrated that DP-18C6 can effectively grasp the fullerene molecule to form a 1:1 host-guest complex. Density functional theory calculations revealed the presence of intermolecular π-π interactions between the perylene subunits of DP-18C6 and the fullerene molecule. More importantly, DP-18C6 exhibited remarkably high binding selectivity for higher fullerenes over C60, revealing potential application for the separation of fullerenes by means of host-guest interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Luan
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qiao-Fen Lin
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fang-Fang Xie
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lin-Long Deng
- Pen-Tung
Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Su-Yuan Xie
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- State
Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bobylev EO, Poole DA, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. M 6L 12 Nanospheres with Multiple C 70 Binding Sites for 1O 2 Formation in Organic and Aqueous Media. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15633-15642. [PMID: 35977385 PMCID: PMC9437924 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Singlet oxygen is a potent oxidant with major applications
in organic
synthesis and medicinal treatment. An efficient way to produce singlet
oxygen is the photochemical generation by fullerenes which exhibit
ideal thermal and photochemical stability. In this contribution we
describe readily accessible M6L12 nanospheres
with unique binding sites for fullerenes located at the windows of
the nanospheres. Up to four C70 can be associated with
a single nanosphere, presenting an efficient method for fullerene
extraction and application. Depending on the functionality located
on the outside of the sphere, they act as vehicles for 1O2 generation in organic or in aqueous media using white
LED light. Excellent productivity in 1O2 generation
and consecutive oxidation of 1O2 acceptors using
C70⊂[Pd6L12], C60⊂[Pd6L12] or fullerene soot extract
was observed. The methodological design principles allow preparation
and application of highly effective multifullerene binding spheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard O Bobylev
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - David A Poole
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chai L, Ju YY, Xing JF, Ma XH, Zhao XJ, Tan YZ. Nanographene Metallaprisms: Structure, Stimulated Transformation, and Emission Enhancement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- Xiamen University Department of Chemistry Siminnan Road 422 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rothschild DA, Kopcha WP, Tran A, Zhang J, Lipke MC. Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5325-5332. [PMID: 35655559 PMCID: PMC9093146 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00445c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Discrete nanocages provide a way to solubilize, separate, and tune the properties of fullerenes, but these 3D receptors cannot usually be synthesized easily from inexpensive starting materials, limiting their utility. Herein, we describe the first fullerene-binding nanocage (Cage4+) that can be made efficiently on a gram scale. Cage4+ was prepared in up to 57% yield by the formation of pyridinium linkages between complemantary porphyrin components that are themselves readily accessible. Cage4+ binds C60 and C70 with large association constants (>108 M−1), thereby solubilizing these fullerenes in polar solvents. Fullerene association and redox-properties were subsequently investigated across multiple charge states of the host-guest complexes. Remarkably, neutral and singly reduced fullerenes bind with similar strengths, leaving their 0/1− redox couples minimally perturbed and fully reversible, whereas other hosts substantially alter the redox properties of fullerenes. Thus, C60@Cage4+ and C70@Cage4+ may be useful as solubilized fullerene derivatives that preserve the inherent electron-accepting and electron-transfer capabilities of the fullerenes. Fulleride dianions were also found to bind strongly in Cage4+, while further reduction is centered on the host, leading to lowered association of the fulleride guest in the case of C602−. This report describes the first gram-scale synthesis of a nanocage that can host fullerenes (C60 and C70). The redox properties of the fullerenes are preserved in this host, enabling characterization of complexes with fulleride anions and dianions.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Rothschild
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - William P Kopcha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Aaron Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Jianyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saha R, Mondal B, Mukherjee PS. Molecular Cavity for Catalysis and Formation of Metal Nanoparticles for Use in Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12244-12307. [PMID: 35438968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The employment of weak intermolecular interactions in supramolecular chemistry offers an alternative approach to project artificial chemical environments like the active sites of enzymes. Discrete molecular architectures with defined shapes and geometries have become a revolutionary field of research in recent years because of their intrinsic porosity and ease of synthesis using dynamic non-covalent/covalent interactions. Several porous molecular cages have been constructed from simple building blocks by self-assembly, which undergoes many self-correction processes to form the final architecture. These supramolecular systems have been developed to demonstrate numerous applications, such as guest stabilization, drug delivery, catalysis, smart materials, and many other related fields. In this respect, catalysis in confined nanospaces using such supramolecular cages has seen significant growth over the years. These porous discrete cages contain suitable apertures for easy intake of substrates and smooth release of products to exhibit exceptional catalytic efficacy. This review highlights recent advancements in catalytic activity influenced by the nanocavities of hydrogen-bonded cages, metal-ligand coordination cages, and dynamic or reversible covalently bonded organic cages in different solvent media. Synthetic strategies for these three types of supramolecular systems are discussed briefly and follow similar and simplistic approaches manifested by simple starting materials and benign conditions. These examples demonstrate the progress of various functionalized molecular cages for specific chemical transformations in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Finally, we discuss the enduring challenges related to porous cage compounds that need to be overcome for further developments in this field of work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Saha
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur-495 009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mansoor IF, Dutton KG, Rothschild DA, Remsing RC, Lipke MC. Uptake, Trapping, and Release of Organometallic Cations by Redox-Active Cationic Hosts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16993-17003. [PMID: 34596386 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The host-guest chemistry of metal-organic nanocages is typically driven by thermodynamically favorable interactions with their guests such that uptake and release of guests can be controlled by switching this affinity on or off. Herein, we achieve this effect by reducing porphyrin-walled cationic nanoprisms 1a12+ and 1b12+ to zwitterionic states that rapidly uptake organometallic cations Cp*2Co+ and Cp2Co+, respectively. Cp*2Co+ binds strongly (Ka = 1.3 × 103 M-1) in the neutral state 1a0 of host 1a12+, which has its three porphyrin walls doubly reduced and its six (bipy)Pt2+ linkers singly reduced (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine). The less-reduced states of the host 1a3+ and 1a9+ also bind Cp*2Co+, though with lower affinities. The smaller Cp2Co+ cation binds strongly (Ka = 1.7 × 103 M-1) in the 3e- reduced state 1b9+ of the (tmeda)Pt2+-linked host 1b12+ (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine). Upon reoxidation of the hosts with Ag+, the guests become trapped to provide unprecedented metastable cation-in-cation complexes Cp*2Co+@1a12+ and Cp2Co+@1b12+ that persist for >1 month. Thus, dramatic kinetic effects reveal a way to confine the guests in thermodynamically unfavorable environments. Experimental and DFT studies indicate that PF6- anions kinetically stabilize Cp*2Co+@1a12+ through electrostatic interactions and by influencing conformational changes of the host that open and close its apertures. However, when Cp*2Co+@1a12+ was prepared using ferrocenium (Fc+) instead of Ag+ to reoxidize the host, dissociation was accelerated >200× even though neither Fc+ nor Fc have any observable affinity for 1a12+. This finding shows that metastable host-guest complexes can respond to subtler stimuli than those required to induce guest release from thermodynamically favorable complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram F Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kaitlyn G Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Daniel A Rothschild
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Richard C Remsing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu T, Jiang Z, Bai Q, Li Y, Mao S, Yu H, Wojtas L, Tang Z, Chen M, Zhang Z, Xie TZ, Wang M, Li X, Wang P. Supramolecular triangular orthobicupola: Self-assembly of a giant Johnson solid J27. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
22
|
Zhang HN, Yu WB, Lin YJ, Jin GX. Stimuli-Responsive Topological Transformation of a Molecular Borromean Ring via Controlled Oxidation of Thioether Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15466-15471. [PMID: 33871131 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A Cp*-Rh based D-shaped binuclear metallacycle and a template-free molecular Borromean ring (BR) were obtained in high yield using the semi-rigid thioether dipyridyl ligand 1,4-bis[(pyridin-4-ylthio)methyl]benzene (Bptmb). The topological transformation from a binuclear metallacycle and a BR to tetranuclear metallacycles was realized via the controlled oxidation of thioethers. The strategy used in this work can be regarded as a new form of stimuli-responsive post-synthesis modification (PSM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ning Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Bin Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Jian Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Brady KG, Liu B, Li X, Isaacs L. Self Assembled Cages with Mechanically Interlocked Cucurbiturils. Supramol Chem 2021; 33:8-32. [PMID: 34366642 PMCID: PMC8340875 DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1908546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report preparation of (bis)aniline ligand 4 which contains a central viologen binding domain and its subcomponent self-assembly with aldehyde 5 and Fe(OTf)2 in CH3CN to yield tetrahedral assembly 6. Complexation of ligand 4 with CB[7] in the form of CB[7]•4•2PF6 allows the preparation of assembly 7 which contains an average of 1.95 (range 1-3) mechanically interlocked CB[7] units. Assemblies 6 and 7 are hydrolytically unstable in water due to their imine linkages. Redesign of our system with water stable 2,2'-bipyridine end groups was realized in the form of ligands 11 and 16 which also contain a central viologen binding domain. Self-assembly of 11 with Fe(NTf2)2 gave tetrahedral MOP 12 as evidenced by 1H NMR, DOSY, and mass spectrometric analysis. In contrast, isomeric ligand 16 underwent self-assembly with Fe(OTf)2 to give cubic assembly 17. Precomplexation of ligands 11 and 16 with CB[7] gave the acetonitrile soluble CB[7]•11•2PF6 and CB[7]•16•2PF6 complexes. Self-assembly of CB[7]•11•2PF6 with Fe(OTf)2 gave tetrahedron 13 which contains on average 1.8 mechanically interlocked CB[7] units as determined by 1H NMR, DOSY, and ESI-MS analysis. Self-assembly of CB[7]•16•2PF6 with Fe(OTf)2 gave cube 13 which contains 6.59 mechanically interlocked CB[7] units as determined by 1H NMR and DOSY measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly G. Brady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang H, Yu W, Lin Y, Jin G. Stimuli‐Responsive Topological Transformation of a Molecular Borromean Ring via Controlled Oxidation of Thioether Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Ning Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Bin Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Yue‐Jian Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of, Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Purba PC, Maity M, Bhattacharyya S, Mukherjee PS. A Self-Assembled Palladium(II) Barrel for Binding of Fullerenes and Photosensitization Ability of the Fullerene-Encapsulated Barrel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14109-14116. [PMID: 33834590 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene extracts obtained from fullerene soot lack their real application due to their poor solubility in common solvents and difficulty in purification. Encapsulation of these extracts in a suitable host is an important approach to address these issues. We present a new Pd6 barrel (1), which is composed of three 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole panels, clipped through six cis-PdII acceptors. Large open windows and cavity make it an efficient host for a large guest. Favorable interactions between the ligand and fullerene (C60 and C70 ) allows the barrel to encapsulate fullerene efficiently. Thorough investigation reveals that barrel 1 has a stronger binding affinity towards C70 over C60 , resulting in the predominant extraction of C70 from a mixture of the two. Finally, the fullerene encapsulated barrels C60 ⊂1 and C70 ⊂1 were found to be efficient for visible-light-induced singlet oxygen generation. Such preferential binding of C70 and photosensitizing ability of C60 ⊂1 and C70 ⊂1 are noteworthy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prioti Choudhury Purba
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Manoranjan Maity
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Purba PC, Maity M, Bhattacharyya S, Mukherjee PS. A Self‐Assembled Palladium(II) Barrel for Binding of Fullerenes and Photosensitization Ability of the Fullerene‐Encapsulated Barrel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prioti Choudhury Purba
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Manoranjan Maity
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu D, Li K, Chen M, Zhang T, Li Z, Yin JF, He L, Wang J, Yin P, Chan YT, Wang P. Russian-Doll-Like Molecular Cubes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2537-2544. [PMID: 33378184 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized cage-within-cage compounds represent a synergistic molecular self-assembling form of three-dimensional architecture that has received particular research focus. Building multilayered ultralarge cages to simulate complicated virus capsids is believed to be a tough synthetic challenge. Here, we synthesize two large double-shell supramolecular cages by facile self-assembly of presynthesized metal-organic hexatopic terpyridine ligands with metal ions. Differing from the mixture of prisms formed from the inner tritopic ligand, the redesigned metal-organic hexatopic ligands bearing high geometric constraints that led to the exclusive formation of discrete double-shell structures. These two unique nested cages are composed of inner cubes (5.1 nm) and outer huge truncated cubes (12.0 and 13.2 nm) with six large bowl-shape subcages distributed on six faces. The results with molecular weights of 75 232 and 77 667 Da were among the largest synthetic cage-in-cage supramolecules reported to date. The composition, size and shape were unambiguously characterized by a combination of 1H NMR, DOSY, ESI-MS, TWIM-MS, TEM, AFM, and SAXS. This work provides an interesting model for functional recognition, delivery, and detection of various guest molecules in the field of supramolecular materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Die Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kaixiu Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry; Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengguang Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry; Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jia-Fu Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lipeng He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry; Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Panchao Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry; Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Goeb S, Sallé M. Electron-rich Coordination Receptors Based on Tetrathiafulvalene Derivatives: Controlling the Host-Guest Binding. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1043-1055. [PMID: 33528243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The coordination-driven self-assembly methodology has emerged over the last few decades as an extraordinarily versatile synthetic tool for obtaining discrete macrocyclic or cage structures. Rational approaches using large libraries of ligands and metal complexes have allowed researchers to reach more and more sophisticated discrete structures such as interlocked, chiral, or heteroleptic cages, and some of them are designed for guest binding applications. Efforts have been notably produced in controlling host-guest affinity with, in particular, an evident interest in targeting substrate transportation and subsequent delivering. Recent accomplishments in this direction were described from functional cages which can be addressed with light, pH, or through a chemical exchange. The case of a redox-stimulation has been much less explored. In this case, the charge state of the redox-active cavity can be controlled through an applied electrical potential or introduction of an appropriate oxidizing/reducing chemical agent. Beyond possible applications in electrochemical sensing for environmental and medical sciences as well as for redox catalysis, controlling the cavity charge offers the possibility to modulate the host-guest binding affinity through electrostatic interactions, up to the point of disassembly of the host-guest complex, i.e., releasing of the guest molecule from the host cavity.This Account highlights the key studies that we carried out at Angers, related to discrete redox-active coordination-based architectures (i.e., metalla-rings, -cages, and -tweezers). These species are built upon metal-driven self-assembly between electron-rich ligands, based on the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moiety (as well as some of its S-rich derivatives), and various metal complexes. Given the high π-donating character of those ligands, the corresponding host structures exhibit a high electronic density on the cavity panels. This situation is favorable to bind complementary electron-poor guests, as it was illustrated with bis(pyrrolo)tetrathiafulvalene (BPTTF)-based cavities, which exhibit hosting properties for C60 or tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ-F4). In addition to the pristine tetrathiafulvalene, which was successfully incorporated into palladium- or ruthenium-based architectures, the case of the so-called extended tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF) appears particularly fascinating. A series of related polycationic and neutral M4L2 ovoid containers, as well as a M6L3 cage, were synthesized, and their respective binding abilities for neutral and anionic guests were studied. Remarkably, such structures allow to control of the binding of the guest upon a redox-stimulation, through two distinctive processes: (i) cage disassembling or (ii) guest displacement. As an extension of this approach, metalla-assembled electron-rich tweezers were designed, which are able to trigger the guest release through an original process based on supramolecular dimerization activated through a redox stimulus. This ensemble of results illustrates the remarkable ability of electron-rich, coordination-based self-assembled cavities to bind various types of guests and, importantly, to trigger their release through a redox-stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Goeb
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Marc Sallé
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, F-49000 Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jain K, Duvva N, Roy TK, Giribabu L, Chitta R. Porphyrin bearing phenothiazine pincers as hosts for fullerene binding via concave–convex complementarity: synthesis and complexation study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free base porphyrin hosts, m-(PTZ)4-H2P and p-(PTZ)4-H2P, tethered with four phenothiazine moieties at the meso-position via a flexible ethoxy phenyl linker were synthesized and used for the selective complexation of fullerenes, C60 and C70.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Tehsil: Kishanhgarh, Dist, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Naresh Duvva
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Tapta Kanchan Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Dist, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir 181143, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghazianbad 201002, India
| | - Raghu Chitta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Tehsil: Kishanhgarh, Dist, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, Dist, Hanamkonda, Telangana 506004, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Murphy SA, Kotova O, Comby S, Gunnlaugsson T. Fluorescent 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger’s bases possessing conjugated 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide moieties and their potential fullerenes Host-Guest complexes. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
31
|
Hou Y, Zhang Z, Lu S, Yuan J, Zhu Q, Chen WP, Ling S, Li X, Zheng YZ, Zhu K, Zhang M. Highly Emissive Perylene Diimide-Based Metallacages and Their Host–Guest Chemistry for Information Encryption. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18763-18768. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qiangyu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Peng Chen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Plessius R, Deij V, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI. Redox-Active Supramolecular Heteroleptic M 4 L 2 L' 2 Assemblies with Tunable Interior Binding Site. Chemistry 2020; 26:13241-13248. [PMID: 32428350 PMCID: PMC7693204 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three Pt4 L2 L'2 heteroleptic rectangles (1-3), containing ditopic redox-active bis-pyridine functionalized perylene bisimide (PBI) ligands PBI-pyr2 (L) are reported. Co-ligand L' is a dicarboxylate spacer of varying length, leading to modified overall size of the assemblies. 1 H NMR spectroscopy reveals a trend in the splitting and upfield chemical shift of the PBI-hydrogens in the rectangles with respect to free PBI, most pronounced with the largest strut length (3) and least with the smallest strut length (1). This is attributed to increased rotational freedom of the PBI-pyr2 ligand over its longitudinal axis (Npy -Npy ), due to increased distance between the PBI-surfaces, which is corroborated by VT-NMR measurements and DFT calculations. The intramolecular motion entails desymmetrization of the two PBI-ligands, in line with cyclic voltammetry (CV) data. The first (overall two-electron) reduction event and re-oxidation for 1 display a subtle peak-to-peak splitting of 60 mV, whilst increased splitting of this event is observed for 2 and 3. The binding of pyrene in 1 is probed to establish proof of concept of host-guest chemistry enabled by the two PBI-motifs. Fitting the binding curve obtained by 1 H NMR titration with a 1:1 complex formation model led to a binding constant of 964±55 m-1 . Pyrene binding is shown to directly influence the redox-chemistry of 1, resulting in a cathodic and anodic shift of approximately 46 mV on the first and second reduction event, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Plessius
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Vera Deij
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Current address: Institute of ChemistryCarl von Ossietzky University OldenburgCarl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9–1126129OldenburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Plajer AJ, Rizzuto FJ, von Krbek LKS, Gisbert Y, Martínez-Agramunt V, Nitschke JR. Oxidation triggers guest dissociation during reorganization of an Fe II 4L 6 twisted parallelogram. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10399-10404. [PMID: 34123180 PMCID: PMC8162311 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04352d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional FeII 4L6 parallelogram was prepared from ferrocene-containing ditopic ligands. The steric preference of the bulky ferrocene cores towards meridional vertex coordination brought about this new structure type, in which the ferrocene units adopt three distinct conformations. The structure possesses two distinct, bowl-like cavities that host anionic guests. Oxidation of the ferrocene FeII to ferrocenium FeIII causes rotation of the ferrocene hinges, converting the structure to an FeII 1L1 + species with release of anionic guests, even though the average charge per iron increases in a way that would ordinarily increase guest binding strength. The degrees of freedom exhibited by these new structures - derived from the different configurations of the three ligands surrounding a meridional FeII center and the rotation of ferrocene cores - thus underpin their ability to reconfigure and eject guests upon oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Yohan Gisbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Rd Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Iseki S, Nonomura K, Kishida S, Ogata D, Yuasa J. Zinc-Ion-Stabilized Charge-Transfer Interactions Drive Self-Complementary or Complementary Molecular Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15842-15851. [PMID: 32786739 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we show that charge-transfer interactions determine whether donor and acceptor ditopic ligands will associate in a complementary or self-complementary fashion upon metal-ion clipping. Anthracene-based (9,10LD and 1,5LD) and anthraquinone-based (1,5LA) ditopic ligands containing two imidazole side arms as zinc coordination sites were designed. The 9,10LD and 1,5LA systems associated in a complementary fashion (LA/LD/LA) upon clipping by two zinc ions (Zn2+) to form an alternating donor-acceptor assembly [(9,10LD)(1,5LA)2-(Zn2+)2]. However, once the charge-transfer interactions were perturbed by subtle modifications of the imidazole side arms (9,10LD'(S) and 1,5LA'(S)), self-complementary association (LD'/LD'/LD'/LD' and LA'/LA'/LA'/LA') between the donor (9,10LD'(S)) and acceptor (1,5LA'(S)) ligands predominantly occurred to form homoassemblies [(9,10LD'(S))4-(Zn2+)2 and (1,5LA'(S))4-(Zn2+)2]. As in the case of a homochiral pair (9,10LD'(S) and 1,5LA'(S)), self-complementary association (narcissistic self-sorting) occurred in the Zn2+ assembly with heterochiral combinations of the donor and acceptor ligands (9,10LD'(S)/1,5LA'(R) and 9,10LD'(S)/1,5LA'(R)/1,5LA'(R)). Narcissistic self-sorting also took place between the positional isomer of the donor ligands (9,10LD and 1,5LD) to form individual homoligand assemblies [(9,10LD)4-(Zn2+)2 and (1,5LD)4-(Zn2+)2]. Conversely, statistical association took place in the Zn2L4 assembly process of an isomorphous pair of the donor and acceptor ligands (1,5LD and 1,5LA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuta Iseki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kohei Nonomura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakura Kishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Daiji Ogata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chang X, Lin S, Wang G, Shang C, Wang Z, Liu K, Fang Y, Stang PJ. Self-Assembled Perylene Bisimide-Cored Trigonal Prism as an Electron-Deficient Host for C60 and C70 Driven by “Like Dissolves Like”. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15950-15960. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Simin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Congdi Shang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dutton KG, Rothschild DA, Pastore DB, Emge TJ, Lipke MC. The Influence of Redox-Active Linkers on the Stability and Physical Properties of a Highly Electroactive Porphyrin Nanoprism. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12616-12624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Daniel A. Rothschild
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Dakota B. Pastore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Mark C. Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Y, Huo GF, Liu B, Song B, Zhang Y, Qian X, Wang H, Yin GQ, Filosa A, Sun W, Hla SW, Yang HB, Li X. Giant Concentric Metallosupramolecule with Aggregation-Induced Phosphorescent Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14638-14648. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Gui-Fei Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Xiaomin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Alexander Filosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Saw Wai Hla
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bhattacharyya S, Venkateswarulu M, Sahoo J, Zangrando E, De M, Mukherjee PS. Self-Assembled PtII8 Metallosupramolecular Tubular Cage as Dual Warhead Antibacterial Agent in Water. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12690-12699. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mangili Venkateswarulu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Jagabandhu Sahoo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Mrinmoy De
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sharafi M, McKay KT, Ivancic M, McCarthy DR, Dudkina N, Murphy KE, Rajappan SC, Campbell JP, Shen Y, Badireddy AR, Li J, Schneebeli ST. Size-selective Catalytic Polymer Acylation with a Molecular Tetrahedron. Chem 2020; 6:1469-1494. [PMID: 32728651 PMCID: PMC7388586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Selective catalysis at the molecular level represents a cornerstone of chemical synthesis. However, it still remains an open question how to elevate tunable catalysis to larger length scales to functionalize whole polymer chains in a selective manner. We now report a hydrazone-linked tetrahedron with wide openings, which acts as a catalyst to size-selectively functionalize polydisperse polymer mixtures. Our experimental and computational evidence supports a dual role of the hydrazone-linked tetrahedron. To accelerate functionalization of the polymer substrates, the tetrahedron (i) unfolds the polymer substrates and/or breaks the polymer aggregates as well as (ii) enables target sites (amino groups) on the polymers to coordinate with catalytic units (triglyme) attached to the tetrahedron. With the tetrahedron as the catalyst, we find that the reactivity of the shorter polymers increases selectively. Our findings enable the possibility to engineer hydrolytically stable molecular polyhedra as organocatalysts for size-selective polymer modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sharafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kyle T McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Monika Ivancic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Dillon R McCarthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Natavan Dudkina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Kyle E Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Sinu C Rajappan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Joseph P Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Yuxiang Shen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Appala Raju Badireddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Severin T Schneebeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Lead Contact
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Harada K, Sekiya R, Haino T. A Regulable Internal Cavity inside a Resorcinarene-Based Hemicarcerand. Chemistry 2020; 26:5810-5817. [PMID: 32011768 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic capsules, such as carcerands and hemicarcerands, are an interesting class of molecular hosts. These container molecules have confined spaces capable of hosting small molecules, although the fact that the size of the inner cavities cannot be changed substantially limits the scope of their applications. The title covalently linked container was produced by metal-directed dimerization of a resorcinarene-based cavitand having four 2,2'-bipyridyl arms on the wide rim followed by olefin metathesis at the vertices of the resulting capsule with a second-generation Grubbs catalyst. The covalently linked bipyridyl arms permit expansion of the inner cavity by demetalation. This structural change influences the molecular recognition properties; the metal-coordinated capsule recognizes only 4,4'-diacetoxybiphenyl, whereas the metal-free counterpart can encapsulate not only 4,4'-diacetoxybiphenyl, but also 2,5-disubstituted-1,4-bis(4-acetoxyphenylethynyl)benzene, which is 9.4 Å longer than the former guest. Molecular mechanics calculations predict that the capsule expands the internal cavity to encapsulate the long guest by unfolding the folded conformation of the alkyl chains, which demonstrates the flexible and regulable nature of the cavity. Guest competition experiments show that the preferred guest can be switched by metalation and demetalation. This external-stimuli-responsive guest exchange can be utilized for the development of functional supramolecular systems controlling the uptake, transport, and release of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu D, Chen M, Li K, Li Z, Huang J, Wang J, Jiang Z, Zhang Z, Xie T, Newkome GR, Wang P. Giant Truncated Metallo-Tetrahedron with Unexpected Supramolecular Aggregation Induced Emission Enhancement. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7987-7994. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Die Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kaixiu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhengguang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingzheng Xie
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - George R. Newkome
- Center for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li B, Zheng B, Zhang W, Zhang D, Yang XJ, Wu B. Site-Selective Binding of Peripheral Chiral Guests Induces Stereospecificity in A4L6 Tetrahedral Anion Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6304-6311. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shi Q, Zhou X, Yuan W, Su X, Neniškis A, Wei X, Taujenis L, Snarskis G, Ward JS, Rissanen K, de Mendoza J, Orentas E. Selective Formation of S4- and T-Symmetric Supramolecular Tetrahedral Cages and Helicates in Polar Media Assembled via Cooperative Action of Coordination and Hydrogen Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3658-3670. [PMID: 31983204 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and self-assembly study of novel supramolecular monomers encompassing quadruple hydrogen-bonding motifs and metal-coordinating 2,2'-bipyridine units. When mixed with metal ions such as Fe2+ or Zn2+, the tetrahedron cage complexes are formed in quantitative yields and full diastereoselectivity, even in highly polar acetonitrile or methanol solvents. The symmetry of the complexes obtained has been shown to depend critically on the flexibility of the ligand. Restriction of the rotation of the hydrogen-bonding unit with respect to the metal-coordinating site results in a T-symmetric cage, whereas introducing flexibility either through a methylene linker or rotating benzene ring allows the formation of S4-symmetric cages with self-filled interior. In addition, the possibility to select between tetrahedral cages or helicates and to control the dimensions of the aggregate has been demonstrated with a three-component assembly using external hydrogen-bonding molecular inserts or by varying the radius of the metal ion (Hg2+ vs Fe2+). Self-sorting studies of individual Fe2+ complexes with ligands of different sizes revealed their inertness toward ligand scrambling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixun Shi
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Xiaoshi Su
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Algirdas Neniškis
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Xin Wei
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Lukas Taujenis
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Baltics , V. A. Graičiu̅no 8, LT-02241 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Gustautas Snarskis
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Jas S Ward
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyvaskyla , P.O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyvaskyla , P.O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Javier de Mendoza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , AV. Països Catalans, 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dekhtiarenko M, Krykun S, Carré V, Aubriet F, Canevet D, Allain M, Voitenko Z, Sallé M, Goeb S. Tuning the structure and the properties of dithiafulvene metalla-assembled tweezers. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00641f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An electroactive M2L2 metalla-macrocycle constructed through coordination driven self-assembly dimerizes upon oxidation and binds an electro-deficient substrate with a high association constant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Dekhtiarenko
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| | - Serhii Krykun
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| | - Vincent Carré
- LCP-A2MC
- FR 3624
- Université de Lorraine
- ICPM
- 57078 Metz Cedex 03
| | | | - David Canevet
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| | - Magali Allain
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| | - Zoia Voitenko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
- Kyiv 01033
- Ukraine
| | - Marc Sallé
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| | - Sébastien Goeb
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou
- UMR CNRS 6200
- UNIV Angers
- SFR MATRIX
- 49045 Angers Cedex
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shi ZC, Chen W, Zhan SZ, Li M, Xie M, Li YY, Ng SW, Huang YL, Zhang Z, Ning GH, Li D. Guest effects on crystal structure and phosphorescence of a Cu6L3 prismatic cage. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01578g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The crystal packing and photoluminescent properties of coordination cage can be fine-tuned via the encapsulation of aromatic guests with different substituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chun Shi
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Shantou 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Shun-Ze Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Shantou 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University
- Shantou 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Yan Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| | | | - Yong-Liang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lu Z, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Reversible reduction drives anion ejection and C 60 binding within an Fe II 4L 6 cage. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1097-1101. [PMID: 34084365 PMCID: PMC8146419 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05728e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
FeII4L6 tetrahedral cage 1 was prepared from a redox-active dicationic naphthalenediimide (NDI) ligand. The +20 charge of the cage makes it a good host for anionic guests, with no binding observed for neutral aromatic molecules. Following reduction by Cp2Co, the cage released anionic guests; subsequent oxidation by AgNTf2 led to re-uptake of anions. In its reduced form, however, 1 was observed to bind neutral C60. The fullerene guest was subsequently ejected following cage re-oxidation. The guest release process was found to be facilitated by anion-mediated transport from organic to aqueous solution. Cage 1 thus employs electron transfer as a stimulus to control the uptake and release of both neutral and charged guests, through distinct pathways. FeII4L6 cage 1 binds anionic guests but not neutral guests. In its reduced form, the cage can bind neutral C60. Reduction and oxidation of the cage could thus be used as a stimulus to control the uptake and release of both neutral and charged guests.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barendt TA, Myers WK, Cornes SP, Lebedeva MA, Porfyrakis K, Marques I, Félix V, Beer PD. The Green Box: An Electronically Versatile Perylene Diimide Macrocyclic Host for Fullerenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:349-364. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Barendt
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - William K. Myers
- Centre for Advanced ESR, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart P. Cornes
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Lebedeva
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriakos Porfyrakis
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Marques
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO − Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Vítor Félix
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO − Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Stuckhardt C, Roke D, Danowski W, Otten E, Wezenberg SJ, Feringa BL. A chiral self-sorting photoresponsive coordination cage based on overcrowded alkenes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2767-2773. [PMID: 31807210 PMCID: PMC6880828 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing efforts have been devoted to designing new functional stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies. Here, we present three isomeric supramolecular coordination complexes consisting of a Pd2L4 stoichiometry. As shown by NMR, CD and X-ray studies, as well as DFT calculations, these complexes form cage-like structures by chiral self-sorting. Photochromic ligands derived from first generation molecular motors enable light-driven interconversion between the three isomers. Two of the isomers were able to form host-guest complexes opening up new prospects toward stimuli-controlled substrate binding and release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Stuckhardt
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Diederik Roke
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Danowski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander J Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ngai C, Bogie PM, Holloway LR, Dietz PC, Mueller LJ, Hooley RJ. Cofactor-Mediated Nucleophilic Substitution Catalyzed by a Self-Assembled Holoenzyme Mimic. J Org Chem 2019; 84:12000-12008. [PMID: 31449754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A self-assembled Fe4L6 cage is capable of co-encapsulating multiple carboxylic acid containing guests in its cavity, and these acids can act as cofactors for cage-catalyzed nucleophilic substitutions. The kinetics of the substitution reaction depend on the size, shape, and binding affinity of each of the components, and small structural changes in guest size can have large effects on the reaction. The host is quite promiscuous and is capable of binding multiple guests with micromolar binding affinities while retaining the ability to effect turnover and catalysis. Substrate binding modes vary widely, from simple 1:1 complexes to 1:2 complexes that can show either negative or positive cooperativity, depending on the guest. The molecularity of the dissociative substitution reaction varies, depending on the electrophile leaving group, acid cofactor, and nucleophile size: small changes in the nature of substrate can have large effects on reaction kinetics, all controlled by selective molecular recognition in the cage interior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Ngai
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Paul M Bogie
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Lauren R Holloway
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Phillip C Dietz
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Leonard J Mueller
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Richard J Hooley
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Feng X, Liao P, Jiang J, Shi J, Ke Z, Zhang J. Perylene Diimide Based Imine Cages for Inclusion of Aromatic Guest Molecules and Visible‐Light Photocatalysis. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Peisen Liao
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jianying Shi
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou 510275 China
| |
Collapse
|