1
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Jin DY, Lin CW, Santhanam S, Lin PC. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Annulation for the Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4503-4511. [PMID: 38502929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) derivatives stand out as a promising class of compounds due to their diverse range of biological activities, making them particularly valuable in drug discovery. To enhance their structural diversity, an Rh-catalyzed denitrogenative annulation method has been introduced for synthesizing these derivatives. An intriguing aspect of this method is the ability of the Brønsted acid to prevent further annulation while facilitating the production of the desired THIQ derivatives, achieving impressive yields of up to 86%. This synthetic approach was subsequently leveraged to create an analogue of cyclocelabenzine, a compound showing potential as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Yuan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan 70 Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan 70 Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Srinath Santhanam
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan 70 Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan 70 Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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2
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Sun Q, Hüßler C, Kahle J, Mackenroth AV, Rudolph M, Krämer P, Oeser T, Hashmi ASK. Cascade Reactions of Aryl-Substituted Terminal Alkynes Involving in Situ-Generated α-Imino Gold Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202313738. [PMID: 37882411 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, highly selective and divergent synthetic method to construct 2-substituted indoles and aryl-annulated carbazoles via the intermolecular generation of α-imino gold carbenes from terminal alkynes or diynes in combination with sulfilimines is disclosed. Importantly, the tandem reaction is proposed to proceed through an intermolecular gold carbene generation/C-H annulation followed by the activation of a second alkyne leading to 6-endo-dig cyclization, which is significantly different from previous dual activation or 1,6-carbene shift approaches for diyne systems. In the case of ortho-alkynylaniline as starting material, an unexpected regioselective formation of the indole moiety via the intermolecular path, instead of intramolecular hydroamination was discovered. This reactivity paved the way for a one-pot synthesis of the 11H-indolo [3,2-c] quinoline scaffold by exploiting the formed amino indole for a subsequent Pictet-Spengler reaction with aldehydes. The photophysical properties of the carbazoles indicated good violet-blue emission with quantum yields up to 40 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Sun
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Hüßler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Justin Kahle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Mackenroth
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Krämer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Oeser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Luo Z, Wang C, Jiang H, Zeng W. Amine-Directed Regioselective Pyridyl Csp 2-H Aminovinylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:7020-7024. [PMID: 37712450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
A Rh-catalyzed amine-directed cross-coupling of 2-aminopyridines with 1-sulfonyl-triazoles has been developed. The method provides an efficient approach to access 5-aminovinylpyridines with wide functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chengjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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4
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Lu JT, Zong Y, Yue X, Wang J. Total Synthesis of (+)-Isolysergol. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37276259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of (+)-isolysergol was completed in 18 steps, and an overall yield of 11% was obtained from (2R)-(+)-phenyloxirane as a chiral pool. Key features of the synthesis include a stereoselective intramolecular 1,3-dipolar addition of nitrone with terminal olefin and a Cope elimination to furnish the D ring. A rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular [3 + 2] annulation of a benzene ring with α-imino carbenoid was designed to afford the 3,4-fused indole scaffold at the late stage of the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, P. R. China
| | - Yingxiao Zong
- Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yue
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Junke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, P. R. China
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5
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Choi D, Takahashi N, Maruoka H, Harada S, Nastke A, Gröger H, Nemoto T. Synthetic Study of Dragmacidin E: Enantioselective Construction of the Seven-Membered Ring-Fused Indole Skeleton with Contiguous Stereocenters. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36701491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We developed an enantioselective synthetic method of constructing a seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with contiguous stereocenters for the synthesis of dragmacidin E. Introduction of chirality at the benzylic position was achieved by Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. After construction of the tricyclic molecular framework using Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization, the tetrasubstituted carbon center was created using the Ag nitrene-mediated C-H amination reaction. The developed method provided access to the functionalized seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with a hydroxymethyl branch in the tetrasubstituted carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongil Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noa Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Haruka Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Alina Nastke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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6
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Williams M, Boyer A. Modular Synthesis of Highly Substituted 3-Azapyrroles by Rh(II)-Catalyzed N-H Bond Insertion and Cyclodehydration. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16139-16156. [PMID: 35503987 PMCID: PMC9764362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A modular synthesis of highly substituted 3-azapyrroles has been developed using a three-step sequence comprising copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC), N-H bond insertion, and cyclodehydration. 1-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles (1-STs) can be accessed from common alkyne and sulfonyl azide building blocks by CuAAC using CuTC. Rhodium(II)-acetate-promoted 1-ST denitrogenation results in highly electrophilic rhodium azavinyl carbenes that, here, underwent insertion into the N-H bond of secondary α-aminoketones to form 1,2-aminoalkenes. These products were cyclized and dehydrated using BF3·OEt2 into highly substituted 3-azapyrroles. The three steps (CuAAC, N-H bond insertion, and cyclodehydration) could be telescoped into a one-pot process. The method proved to be highly efficient and tolerated a wide range of substituents.
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7
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Shi Q, Liao Z, Liu Z, Wen J, Li C, He J, Deng J, Cen S, Cao T, Zhou J, Zhu S. Divergent synthesis of benzazepines and bridged polycycloalkanones via dearomative rearrangement. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4402. [PMID: 35906217 PMCID: PMC9338057 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31920-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The dearomative functionalization of aromatic compounds represents a fascinating but challenging transformation, as it typically needs to overcome a great kinetic barrier. Here, a catalyst-free dearomative rearrangement of o-nitrophenyl alkyne is successfully established by leveraging the remote oxygen transposition and a weak N-O bond acceleration. This reaction features high atom-, step- and redox-economy, which provides a divergent entry to a series of biologically important benzazepines and bridged polycycloalkanones. The reaction is proposed to proceed through a tandem oxygen transfer cyclization/(3 + 2) cycloaddition/(homo-)hetero-Claisen rearrangement reaction. The resulting polycyclic system is richly decorated with transformable functionalities, such as carbonyl, imine and diene, which enables diversity-oriented synthesis of alkaloid-like polycyclic framework. The dearomative functionalization of aromatic compounds represents a challenging transformation, as it typically needs to overcome a great kinetic barrier. Here, the authors disclose a weak-bond-accelerated, catalyst-free dearomative [3,3]-rearrangement of o-nitrophenyl alkyne for the divergent synthesis of benzazepines and bridged polycycloalkanones via remote oxygen transposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhehui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiajia Wen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiazhen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shan Cen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tongxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Jinming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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8
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Akter M, Rupa K, Anbarasan P. 1,2,3-Triazole and Its Analogues: New Surrogates for Diazo Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13108-13205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Akter
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Kavuri Rupa
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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9
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Kachel S, Jayaraman A, Okorn A, Krummenacher I, Drescher R, Brunecker C, Fuchs S, Heß M, Stennett TE, Braunschweig H. Azide-alkyne cycloadditions with an electronically activated alkyne: indole formation via 1-aryl-1,2,3-triazole-derived imino carbenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2331-2334. [PMID: 35079758 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report that the use of a diaminoalkyne in the azide-alkyne cycloaddition with aryl azides leads to 3H-indoles under mild, uncatalysed conditions. Computations reveal that N2 extrusion from, in one case, isolable triazoles is facile, generating imino carbenes, which undergo intramolecular aryl C-H bond activation and give 3H-indoles as products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kachel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Alexander Okorn
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Regina Drescher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Carina Brunecker
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Sonja Fuchs
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Merlin Heß
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Tom E Stennett
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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10
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Williams MB, Wells RJ, Boyer A. Synthesis and reactivity of 1-sulfonylcyclooctatriazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12495-12498. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03648g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonyl azides undergo rapid inverse electron demand SPAAC with strained alkynes to deliver 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Treatment of these with Rh(ii) carboxylate catalyst promotes denitrogenation and transannular 1,5-H insertion or 1,2-H shift.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alistair Boyer
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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11
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Understanding diversified chemoseletivities in Rh2(II)-catalyzed intramolecular annulation reactions of diazo and N-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole compounds: A DFT study. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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He YT, Li LX, Lin X, Hou BL, Li CC. Synthesis of Various Bridged Ring Systems via Rhodium-Catalyzed Bridged (3+2) Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2021; 24:186-190. [PMID: 34939815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe the rhodium-catalyzed bridged (3+2) cycloaddition cascade reactions of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles, which allowed the efficient diastereoselective construction of various functionalized and synthetically challenging bridged ring systems. This simple, direct transformation had a broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance. The highly strained polycyclic bicyclo[2.2.2]octa[b]indole core of fruticosine was synthesized efficiently using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tao He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li-Xuan Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bao-Long Hou
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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13
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Li Y, Luo H, Tang Z, Li Y, Du L, Xin X, Li S, Li B. Copper and Rhodium Relay Catalysis for Selective Access to cis-2,3-Dihydroazepines. Org Lett 2021; 23:6450-6454. [PMID: 34351171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new catalytic protocol to access synthetically challenging cis-2,3-dihydroazepines is reported. The reaction starts with readily available dienals, alkynes, and sulfonyl azides as the substrates and employs copper and rhodium as relay catalysts. Key steps include a copper-catalyzed reaction between an alkyne and a sulfonyl azide to form a triazole intermediate. The subsequent activation of this triazole intermediate by a rhodium catalyst, followed by a reaction with the dienal substrate, eventually leads to the dihydroazepine product. The regio- and stereochemistries of the products are believed to be controlled through a stereospecific conrotatory 8π-electrocyclization process against a possible competing 6π-electrocyclization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Han Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zongyuan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Luan Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaolan Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Baosheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
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14
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Piersanti G, Bartoccini F. Synthesis and Reactivity of Uhle’s Ketone and Its Derivatives. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1340-3423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUhle’s ketone and its derivatives are highly versatile intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of 3,4-fused tricyclic indole frameworks, i.e. indole alkaloids of the ergot family, that are found in various bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the development of a convenient preparative method for this structural motif as well as its opportune/useful derivatization have been the subject of longstanding interest in the fields of synthetic organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we summarize recent and less recent methods for the preparation of Uhle’s ketone and its derivatives as well as its main reactivity towards the synthesis of bioactive substances. Regarding the preparation, it can be roughly classified into two categories: (a) using 4-unfunctionalized and 4-functionalized indole derivatives as starting materials to construct a fused six-member ring, and (b) constructing the indole ring through intramolecular cycloaddition. Principally, the reactivity of the cyclic Uhle’s ketone shown here is derived from the classical electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon or the acidity of the α-hydrogen and, though less intensively investigated, chemical reactions that induce ring expansion to form novel ring skeletons.1 Introduction2 Synthesis2.1 Disconnection A: Cyclization Reaction of the Opportune 3,4-Disubstituted Indole2.2 Disconnection B: Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Cyclization2.3 Disconnection B: Intramolecular Cyclization via Metal–Halogen Exchange2.4 Disconnection C: Intramolecular Diels–Alder Furan Cycloaddition2.5 Disconnection D: Intramolecular Dearomatizing [3 + 2] Annulation3 Reactivity3.1 Use of Uhle’s Ketone for Lysergic Acid3.2 Use of Uhle’s Ketone for Rearranged Clavines3.3 Use of Uhle’s Ketone for Medicinal Chemistry4 Conclusion and Outlook
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15
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Ma J, Chen S, Bellotti P, Guo R, Schäfer F, Heusler A, Zhang X, Daniliuc C, Brown MK, Houk KN, Glorius F. Photochemical intermolecular dearomative cycloaddition of bicyclic azaarenes with alkenes. Science 2021; 371:1338-1345. [PMID: 33766881 PMCID: PMC7610643 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dearomative cycloaddition reactions represent an ideal means of converting flat arenes into three-dimensional architectures of increasing interest in medicinal chemistry. Quinolines, isoquinolines, and quinazolines, despite containing latent diene and alkene subunits, are scarcely applied in cycloaddition reactions because of the inherent low reactivity of aromatic systems and selectivity challenges. Here, we disclose an energy transfer-mediated, highly regio- and diastereoselective intermolecular [4 + 2] dearomative cycloaddition reaction of these bicyclic azaarenes with a plethora of electronically diverse alkenes. This approach bypasses the general reactivity and selectivity issues, thereby providing various bridged polycycles that previously have been inaccessible or required elaborate synthetic efforts. Computational studies with density functional theory elucidate the mechanism and origins of the observed regio- and diastereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ma
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Renyu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Felix Schäfer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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16
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Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang XN, Chang J. Metal-Free [3+2] Annulation of Ynamides with Anthranils to Construct 2-Aminoindoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:2029-2035. [PMID: 33645992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel metal-free [3+2] annulation of ynamides with anthranils provides a facile, flexible, environmentally friendly, and atom-economical route to 2-aminoindoles. This synthetic process proceeds with efficiency, excellent regioselectivity, and wide functional group tolerance under mild conditions. Moreover, the obtained 2-aminoindole products represent a multifunctional platform for the construction of various 2-aminoindolyl frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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17
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Zhou T, He X, Zuo Y, Wu Y, Hu W, Zhang S, Duan J, Shang Y. Rh‐Catalyzed
Formal [3+2] Cyclization for the Synthesis of
5‐Aryl
‐2‐(quinolin‐2‐yl)oxazoles and Its Applications in Metal Ions Probes. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Xinwei He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Youpeng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Wangcheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Jiahui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule‐Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui 241002 China
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18
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Zhou S, Liu Q, Bao M, Huang J, Wang J, Hu W, Xu X. Gold(i)-catalyzed redox transformation of o-nitroalkynes with indoles for the synthesis of 2,3′-biindole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A gold(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction of o-nitroalkynes with indoles has been reported for the rapid assembly of 2-indolyl indolone N-oxides, which exhibit high anticancer potency against SCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Ming Bao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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19
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Zhang Z, Gevorgyan V. Co-Catalyzed Transannulation of Pyridotriazoles with Isothiocyanates and Xanthate Esters. Org Lett 2020; 22:8500-8504. [PMID: 33044833 PMCID: PMC7655727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An efficient radical transannulation reaction of pyridotriazoles with isothiocyanates and xanthate esters was developed. This method features conversion of pyridotriazoles into two N-fused heterocyclic aromatic systems-imino-thiazolopyridines and oxo-thiazolopyridine derivatives-via one-step Co(II)-catalyzed transannulation reaction proceeding via a radical mechanism. The synthetic usefulness of the developed method was illustrated in the synthesis of amino acid derivatives and further transformations of obtained reaction products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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20
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Harada S, Yanagawa M, Nemoto T. Dual-Functional Enone-Directing Group/Electrophile for Sequential C–C Bond Formation with α-Diazomalonates: A Short Synthesis of Chiral 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mai Yanagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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21
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Abstract
An efficient synthetic method of tetracyclic 3,4-fused indoles and dihydroindoles via rhodium-catalyzed (3+2) cycloaddition of N-tosyl-4-(2-phenoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-triazole was described. The aromatized xanthene derivatives can be achieved in a one-pot synthesis starting from 1-ethynyl-2-phenoxybenzene. The xanthene-based fused heterocycles were considered as the valuable fluorophore.
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22
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Li W, Zhang J. Synthesis of Heterocycles through Denitrogenative Cyclization of Triazoles and Benzotriazoles. Chemistry 2020; 26:11931-11945. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 20062 P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 20062 P. R. China
- Department of ChemistryFudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 20048 P. R. China
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23
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Martínez-Castro E, Suárez-Pantiga S, Mendoza A. Scalable Synthesis of Esp and Rhodium(II) Carboxylates from Acetylacetone and RhCl 3· xH 2O. Org Process Res Dev 2020; 24:1207-1212. [PMID: 32587455 PMCID: PMC7309316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Rhodium(II)
carboxylates are privileged catalysts for the most
challenging carbene-, nitrene-, and oxo-transfer reactions. In this
work, we address the strategic challenges of current organic and inorganic
synthesis methods to access these rhodium(II) complexes through an
oxidative rearrangement strategy and a reductive ligation reaction.
These studies illustrate the multiple benefits of oxidative rearrangement
in the process-scale synthesis of congested carboxylates over nitrile
anion alkylation reactions, and the impressive effect of inorganic
additives in the reductive ligation of rhodium(III) salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martínez-Castro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abraham Mendoza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Cheng C, Zuo X, Tu D, Wan B, Zhang Y. Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles through Cascade Carbopalladation and C-H Amination: Development and Total Synthesis of Rucaparib. Org Lett 2020; 22:4985-4989. [PMID: 32610935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Fused tricyclic indole scaffolds are ubiquitous in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. A new protocol for the synthesis of 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles has been developed through cascade carbopalladation and C-H amination with N,N-di-tert-butyldiaziridinone. The protocol allows access to a range of 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles, including those containing various linkers and fused with medium-sized rings. Rucaparib can be synthesized via this reaction, providing an advantageous synthetic method for the FDA-approved cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cang Cheng
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang Zuo
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Tu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bin Wan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanghui Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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25
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Jones KD, Nutt MJ, Comninos E, Sobolev AN, Moggach SA, Miura T, Murakami M, Stewart SG. A One-Pot Reaction of α-Imino Rhodium Carbenoids and Halohydrins: Access to 2,6-Substituted Dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazines. Org Lett 2020; 22:3490-3494. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kieran D. Jones
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael J. Nutt
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elena Comninos
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Sobolev
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterization and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Stephen A. Moggach
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterization and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tomoya Miura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Scott G. Stewart
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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26
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Wang Q, May JA. Synthesis of Bridged Azacycles and Propellanes via Nitrene/Alkyne Cascades. Org Lett 2020; 22:3039-3044. [PMID: 32243170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A nitrene/alkyne cascade reaction terminating in C-H bond insertion to form functionalized bridged azacycles from carbonazidates is presented. Due to an initial Huisgen cyclization, all carbonazidates reacted with the alkyne in an exo mode in contrast to the use of sulfamate esters, which react predominately in an endo mode. Substrates with different ring sizes as well as different aryl and heteroaryl groups were also explored. Variation of the nitrene tether showed that 7-membered rings were the maximum ring size to be formed by nitrene attack on the alkyne. Examples incorporating stereocenters on the carbonazidate's tether induced diasteroselectivity in the formation of the bridged ring and two new stereocenters. Additionally, propellanes containing aminals, hemiaminals, and thioaminals formed from the bridged azacycles in the same reaction via an acid-promoted rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Fleming Building Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Jeremy A May
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Fleming Building Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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27
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Li J, Zhu SR, Xu Y, Lu XC, Wang ZB, Liu L, Xu DF. Synthesis of 2,5-diaryloxazoles through rhodium-catalyzed annulation of triazoles and aldehydes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24795-24799. [PMID: 35517461 PMCID: PMC9055139 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of a variety of 2,5-diaryloxazole derivatives via a rhodium-catalyzed annulation of triazoles and aldehydes is achieved. Various oxazole derivatives could be obtained in good to excellent yields. A concise synthesis of antimycobaterial natural products balsoxin and texamine has been achieved using this method. An efficient synthesis of a variety of 2,5-diaryloxazole derivatives via a rhodium-catalyzed annulation of triazoles and aldehydes is achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Shang-Rong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Yue Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Xue-Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Zheng-Bing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - Li Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
| | - De-feng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Sciences
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou
- China
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28
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Hoshi T, Ota E, Inokuma Y, Yamaguchi J. Asymmetric Synthesis of a 5,7-Fused Ring System Enabled by an Intramolecular Buchner Reaction with Chiral Rhodium Catalyst. Org Lett 2019; 21:10081-10084. [PMID: 31808701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A Rh-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular Buchner ring expansion of α-alkyl-α-diazoesters has been developed. The present protocol generates a 5,7-fused ring system in an enantioselective manner while minimizing β-hydrogen migration, which has been a competing reaction when using α-alkyl-α-diazoesters. The ester functionality at the bridgehead position would be a useful synthetic handle for further derivatization to complex molecules including natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Hoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo , Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo , Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan
| | - Yasuhide Inokuma
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Hokkaido University , Kita 13 Nishi 8 Kita-ku , Sapporo , Hokkaido 060-8628 , Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Waseda University , 3-4-1 Ohkubo , Shinjuku , Tokyo 169-8555 , Japan
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29
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Villablanca D, Durán R, Lamsabhi AM, Herrera B. Reaction Mechanism of Li and Mg Carbenoid Cyclopropanations: Metal-π and σ Interactions. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19452-19461. [PMID: 31763569 PMCID: PMC6868892 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the reaction of lithium and magnesium carbenoids with ethylene to give cyclopropane has been explained in detail in all the steps at the G4 level of theory. We explored the lithium and magnesium interaction toward πC=C and σC-C bonds in the reactants and the products. We have also investigated the reaction path by means of the force profile formalism in order to highlight the electronic and the structural rearrangements along the potential energy surface of the cyclopropanation. The results indicate that all of the reactions are stepwise, exoenergetic, with low barriers. All our findings were confirmed by dynamic simulations for chlorometal carbenoids. Furthermore, from the intrinsic reaction coordinate procedure, we were able to find out the intermediates that can take place when the reaction is descending from the transition state to the products or reactants. The reaction force analysis at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) indicates that the energy barriers are mostly due to structural rearrangements which are produced by the approach of the carbenoid to ethylene. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules and electron localization function analyses indicate that products, reactants, and intermediates form complexes stabilized by attractive forces between Li/Mg and single/double bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Villablanca
- Laboratorio
de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de
Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica
de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Rocio Durán
- Laboratorio
de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de
Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica
de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Al Mokhtar Lamsabhi
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias,
Módulo
13 and Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Barbara Herrera
- Laboratorio
de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de
Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica
de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Región Metropolitana, Chile
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30
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Yang X, Tsui GC. Silver-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylalkynylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Org Lett 2019; 21:8625-8629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinkan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Gavin Chit Tsui
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
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31
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Zhang Z, Yadagiri D, Gevorgyan V. Light-induced metal-free transformations of unactivated pyridotriazoles. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8399-8404. [PMID: 31803418 PMCID: PMC6844233 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02448d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient and practical method for incorporation of the arylmethylpyridyl moiety into diverse molecules has been developed. This method features the transition metal-free light-induced room temperature transformation of pyridotriazoles into pyridyl carbenes, which are capable of smooth arylation, X-H insertion, and cyclopropanation reactions. The synthetic usefulness of the developed method was illustrated in a facile synthesis of biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 W. Taylor St. , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W Campbell RD , Richardson , Texas 75080 , USA .
| | - Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 W. Taylor St. , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W Campbell RD , Richardson , Texas 75080 , USA .
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , 845 W. Taylor St. , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Texas at Dallas , 800 W Campbell RD , Richardson , Texas 75080 , USA .
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32
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Liu Y, Xie P, Li J, Bai WJ, Jiang J. Nickel-Catalyzed Coupling of N-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole with H-Phosphine Oxides: Stereoselective and Site-Selective Synthesis of α-Aminovinylphosphoryl Derivatives. Org Lett 2019; 21:4944-4949. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Jiagen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ju Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5580, United States
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
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33
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Zhu C, Wei Y, Shi M. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Transannulation of 4‐Methoxycyclohexa‐2,5‐dienone Tethered 1‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles: Synthesis of Azaspiro[5.5]undecane Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Zhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry & Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Chinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry & Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Mei Long Road Shanghai 200237 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Chinese Academy of Sciences 354 Fenglin Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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34
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Zhu CZ, Wei Y, Shi M. Rhodium(ii)-catalyzed divergent intramolecular tandem cyclization of N- or O-tethered cyclohexa-2,5-dienones with 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole: synthesis of cyclopropa[cd]indole and benzofuran derivatives. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00714h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel rhodium(ii)-catalyzed divergent intramolecular tandem cyclization of N- or O-tethered cyclohexa-2,5-dienones and 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole is disclosed, affording cyclopropa[cd]indole and benzofuran derivatives in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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35
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Chen S, Ravichandiran P, El-Harairy A, Queneau Y, Li M, Gu Y. 4-Aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles for diversity-oriented synthesis of tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5982-5989. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward access to tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings was established by using 4-aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles in three-component reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Palanisamy Ravichandiran
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Ahmed El-Harairy
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Yves Queneau
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- Univ Lyon
- CNRS
- Université Lyon 1
- INSA Lyon
| | - Minghao Li
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan
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36
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Motornov V, Košťál V, Markos A, Täffner D, Beier P. General approach to 2-fluoroalkyl 1,3-azolesviathe tandem ring opening and defluorinative annulation ofN-fluoroalkyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01104h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of 2-fluoroalkyl imidazoles, oxazoles and thiazoles fromN-fluoroalkyl-1,2,3-triazoles was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Motornov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 166 10 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Higher Chemical College
- D. I. Mendeleev University of the Chemical Technology of Russia
| | - Vojtěch Košťál
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 166 10 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Athanasios Markos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 166 10 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
| | - Dominik Täffner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 166 10 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- 166 10 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
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37
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Kahar NM, Nabar KU, Jadhav PP, Dawande SG. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Highly Stereoselective C3 Functionalization of Indolizines with N
-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasturi Uday Nabar
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Pankaj Pandit Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
| | - Sudam Ganpat Dawande
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai; 400019 Maharashtra India
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38
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Motornov V, Beier P. Chemoselective Aza-[4+3]-annulation of N-Perfluoroalkyl-1,2,3-triazoles with 1,3-Dienes: Access to N-Perfluoroalkyl-Substituted Azepines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:15195-15201. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Motornov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam., 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
- Higher Chemical College, D. I. Mendeleev University of the Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam., 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
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39
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Yong W, Li P, Sheng R, Rao W, Zhang X. Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Two-Step Synthesis of 2-(1H
-indol-3-yl)-2-phenylindolin-3-ones from 2-Alkynyl Arylazides and Indoles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanxiong Yong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037 China
| | - Ping Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037 China
| | - Rong Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037 China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037 China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037 China
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40
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Nemoto T, Harada S, Nakajima M. Synthetic Methods for 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles via Indole Ring Formation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Masaya Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
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41
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Wilkerson-Hill SM, Haines BE, Musaev DG, Davies HML. Synthesis of [3a,7a]-Dihydroindoles by a Tandem Arene Cyclopropanation/3,5-Sigmatropic Rearrangement Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7939-7949. [PMID: 29890080 PMCID: PMC7232103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Donor/acceptor carbenes provide a powerful platform for building molecular complexity, but the majority of their reactions have been limited to aryl and vinyl donor groups. We found that a N-containing donor/acceptor carbene precursor, 4-phthalimido- N-methanesulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole, reacts with unactivated arenes resulting in a mixture of [3+2]-cycloadducts, [3a,7a]-dihydroindoles, and formal C-H functionalization products in up to 82% yield upon heating. We also demonstrate that the formal C-H functionalization products arise from ring-opening of the [3+2]-cycloadducts. Computational studies suggest that the formal cycloaddition process takes places through a tandem arene cyclopropanation/6π electrocyclization/6π electrocyclic ring-opening/3,5-sigmatropic rearrangement reaction, which also accounts for the distinctive regioselectivity of the formal cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney M Wilkerson-Hill
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Dr , Atlanta Georgia 30329 , United States
| | - Brandon E Haines
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Dr , Atlanta Georgia 30329 , United States
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Dr , Atlanta Georgia 30329 , United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Dr , Atlanta Georgia 30329 , United States
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42
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James MJ, Schwarz JL, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Wibbeling B, Glorius F. Dearomative Cascade Photocatalysis: Divergent Synthesis through Catalyst Selective Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8624-8628. [PMID: 29961335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery and application of dearomative cascade photocatalysis as a strategy in complex molecule synthesis is described. Visible-light-absorbing photosensitizers were used to (sequentially) activate a 1-naphthol derived arene precursor to divergently form two different polycyclic molecular scaffolds through catalyst selective energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J James
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Jonas Luca Schwarz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Birgit Wibbeling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
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43
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Li Y, Yang H, Zhai H. The Expanding Utility of Rhodium-Iminocarbenes: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Natural Products and Related Scaffolds. Chemistry 2018; 24:12757-12766. [PMID: 29575147 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium-iminocarbenes that are derived from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles have become an important class of reactive species and useful intermediates in organic synthesis. Over the last several years, many practical and versatile approaches involving rhodium-iminocarbene intermediates to synthetically challenging molecules (scaffolds) have been developed. This Minireview mainly summarizes the recent advance of rhodium-iminocarbene involved reactions in the synthesis of natural products and their related scaffolds by the end of 2017. Several applications in important pharmaceuticals are documented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 730000, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 730000, China
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, 518055, China
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- So Won Youn
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Tae Yun Ko
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Natural Sciences; Hanyang University; Seoul 04763 Korea
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45
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Nemoto T. Synthesis of 3,4‐Fused Tricyclic Indoles Using 3‐Alkylidene Indolines as Versatile Precursors. CHEM REC 2018; 19:320-332. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research CenterChiba University 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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46
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Xu B, Zhang ZM, Zhou L, Zhang J. Direct Asymmetric Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Isocyanoesters with β-Trifluoromethyl β,β-Disubstituted Enones Leading to Optically Active Dihydropyrroles. Org Lett 2018; 20:2716-2719. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Ming Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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47
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Yu S, An Y, Wang W, Xu ZF, Li CY. Synthesis of Piperidine Derivatives by Rhodium- Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of N
-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-Triazole and Vinyl Ether. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehui An
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Feng Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
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48
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Choi S, Ha S, Park CM. α-Diazo oxime ethers for N-heterocycle synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:6054-6064. [PMID: 28516179 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This Feature Article introduces the preparation and synthetic utility of α-diazo oxime ethers. α-Oximino carbenes are useful synthons for N-heterocycles, and can be easily prepared from α-diazo oxime ethers as precursors. We begin with the preparation of α-diazo oxime ethers and their application in [3+2] cycloaddition. It turns out that the nature of metals bound to carbenes plays a crucial role in modulating the reactivity of α-oximino carbenes, in which copper carbenes smoothly react with enamines, whereas the less reactive enol ethers and nitriles require gold carbenes. In Section 3.2, a discussion on N-O and C-H bond activation is presented. Carbenes derived from diazo oxime ethers show unique reactivity towards N-O and C-H bond activation, in which the proximity of the two functionalities, carbene and oxime ether, dictates the preferred reaction pathways toward pyridines, pyrroles, and 2H-azirines. In Section 3.3, the development of tandem reactions based on α-diazo oxime ethers is discussed. The nature of carbenes in which whether free carbenes or metal complexes are involved dissects the pathway and forms different types of 2H-azirines. The 2H-azirine formation turned out to be an excellent platform for the tandem synthesis of N-heterocycles including pyrroles and pyridines. In the last section, we describe the electrophilic activation of 2H-azirines with vinyl carbenes and oximino carbenes. The resulting azirinium species undergo rapid ring expansion rearrangements to form pyridines and pyrazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Choi
- Department of Chemistry, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology), Ulsan 44919, Korea.
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49
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Nakano SI, Hamada Y, Nemoto T. Enantioselective formal synthesis of (−)-aurantioclavine using Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization and organocatalytic asymmetric aziridination. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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50
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Zhang C, Chang S, Qiu L, Xu X. Chemodivergent synthesis of multi-substituted/fused pyrroles via copper-catalyzed carbene cascade reaction of propargyl α-iminodiazoacetates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:12470-12473. [PMID: 27711472 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06864b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel cascade reaction of alkynyl-tethered α-iminodiazoacetates has been developed, which provides a general access to both multi-substituted and fused pyrroles in high yields with a broad substrate scope. The γ-imino carbene is proposed as the key intermediate in this divergent reaction and followed by unpresented transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Sailan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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