1
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Paul S, Brown MK. Synthesis of Secondary Boronates via Deaminative Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Nitroso Carbamates and Boronic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408432. [PMID: 39092618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
A strategy for transition metal-free cross-coupling of alkyl nitroso-carbamates and boronic acids is reported. The N-nitroso carbamates are easily prepared from the corresponding amine in two simple steps. This method allows for the synthesis of a wide variety of secondary boronates, benzylic boronates and formal Csp3-Csp2 cross-coupling products under operationally simple conditions. Functional group tolerance is also demonstrated and applied in the modification of lysine to make non-canonical amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashwati Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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2
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Lan Y, Han Q, Liao P, Chen R, Fan F, Zhao X, Liu W. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Cross-Electrophile Coupling of N-Sulfonyl Styrenyl Aziridines with Alkyl Bromides. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39231321 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first example of a highly enantioselective alkylative aziridine ring opening. Under the catalysis of a chiral nickel/pyridine-imidazoline complex, asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-electrophile coupling between racemic N-sulfonyl styrenyl aziridines and readily available primary alkyl bromides furnishes a variety of highly enantioenriched phenethylamine derivatives with complete regiocontrol and good functional group tolerance. Preliminary mechanistic studies support a reaction pathway consisting of regioselective iodolysis of aziridines in situ and subsequent enantioconvergent coupling of the generated β-amino benzyl iodides with alkyl bromides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoying Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyong Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Yuansi Standard Science and Technology Co., Ltd., 1188 Wanrong Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
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3
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Ruta V, Di Liberto G, Moriggi F, Ivanov YP, Divitini G, Bussetti G, Barbera V, Bajada MA, Galimberti M, Pacchioni G, Vilé G. Copper Single Atoms Chelated on Ligand-Modified Carbon for Ullmann-type C-O Coupling. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301529. [PMID: 38050778 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Cross-coupling reactions are of great importance in chemistry due to their ability to facilitate the construction of complex organic molecules. Among these reactions, the Ullmann-type C-O coupling between phenols and aryl halides is particularly noteworthy and useful for preparing diarylethers. However, this reaction typically relies on homogeneous catalysts that rapidly deactivate under harsh reaction conditions. In this study, we introduce a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the Ullmann-type C-O coupling reaction, comprised of isolated Cu atoms chelated to a tetraethylenepentamine-pyrrole ligand that is immobilized on graphite nanoplatelets. The catalytic study reveals the recyclability of the material, and demonstrates the crucial role of the pyrrole linker in stabilizing the Cu sites. The work expands the potential of single-atom catalyst nanoarchitectures and underscores the significance of ligands in stabilizing metals in cationic forms, providing a novel, tailored catalyst for cross-coupling chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ruta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Department of Materials Science, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, IT-20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Moriggi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Yurii P Ivanov
- Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, IT-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Divitini
- Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, IT-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Gianlorenzo Bussetti
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Barbera
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Mark A Bajada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Department of Materials Science, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via Roberto Cozzi 55, IT-20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133, Milano, Italy
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4
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Hwang Y, Wisniewski SR, Engle KM. Ligand-Enabled Carboamidation of Unactivated Alkenes through Enhanced Organonickel Electrophilicity. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25293-25303. [PMID: 37938051 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic carboamination of alkenes is a powerful synthetic tool to access valuable amine scaffolds from abundant and readily available alkenes. Although a number of synthetic approaches have been developed to achieve the rapid buildup of molecular complexity in this realm, the installation of diverse carbon and nitrogen functionalities onto unactivated alkenes remains underdeveloped. Here we present a ligand design approach to enable nickel-catalyzed three-component carboamidation that is applicable to a wide range of alkenyl amine derivatives via a tandem process involving alkyl migratory insertion and inner-sphere metal-nitrenoid transfer. With this method, various nitrogen functionalities can be installed into both internal and terminal unactivated alkenes, leading to differentially substituted diamines that would otherwise be difficult to access. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the tailored Ni(cod)(BQiPr) precatalyst modulates the electronic properties of the presumed π-alkene-nickel intermediate via the quinone ligand, leading to enhanced carbonickelation efficiency across the unactivated C═C bond. These findings establish nickel's ability to catalyze multicomponent carboamidation with a high efficiency and exquisite selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongyu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Steven R Wisniewski
- Chemical Process Development Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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5
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Kanale VV, Uyeda C. Catalytic Asymmetric Ring-Opening Reactions of Unstrained Heterocycles Using Cobalt Vinylidenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309681. [PMID: 37656431 PMCID: PMC10591978 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt catalysts promote highly enantioselective ring-opening reactions of 2,5-dihydrofurans using vinylidenes. The products are acyclic organozinc compounds that can be functionalized with an electrophile. The proposed mechanism involves the generation of a cobalt vinylidene species that adds to the alkene by a [2+2]-cycloaddition pathway. Ring-opening then occurs via outer-sphere β-O elimination assisted by coordination of a ZnX2 Lewis acid to the alkoxide leaving group. DFT models reveal that competing inner-sphere syn β-H and β-O elimination pathways are suppressed by the geometric constraints of the metallacycle intermediate. These models rationalize the observed stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha V Kanale
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Christopher Uyeda
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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6
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Li D, Shen C, Si Z, Liu L. Palladium-Catalyzed Fluorinative Bifunctionalization of Aziridines and Azetidines with gem-Difluorocyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310283. [PMID: 37572320 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented Pd-catalyzed fluorinative bifunctionalization of aziridines and azetidines was successfully developed via regioselective C-C and C-F bond cleavage of gem-difluorocyclopropanes, leading to various β,β'-bisfluorinated amines and β,γ-bisfluorinated amines. This reaction was achieved by incorporating a 2-fluorinated allyl group and a fluorine atom scissored from gem-difluorocyclopropane in 100 % atom economy for the first time. The mechanistic investigations indicated that the reaction underwent amine attacking 2-fluorinated allyl palladium complex to generate η2 -coordinated N-allyl aziridine followed by fluoride ligand transfer affording the final β- and γ-fluorinated amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhiyao Si
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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7
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Pozhydaiev V, Muller C, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Catalytic Synthesis of β-(Hetero)arylethylamines: Modern Strategies and Advances. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309289. [PMID: 37599269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
β-(Hetero)arylethylamines appear in a myriad of pharmaceuticals due to their broad spectrum of biological properties, making them prime candidates for drug discovery. Conventional methods for their preparation often require engineered substrates that limit the flexibility of the synthetic routes and the diversity of compounds that can be accessed. Consequently, methods that provide rapid and versatile access to those scaffolds remain limited. To overcome these challenges, synthetic chemists have designed innovative and modular strategies to access the β-(hetero)arylethylamine motif, paving the way for their more extensive use in future pharmaceuticals. This review outlines recent progresses in the synthesis of (hetero)arylethylamines and emphasizes how these innovations have enabled new levels of molecular complexity, selectivity, and practicality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Pozhydaiev
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cyprien Muller
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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8
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Liu S, Wang SL, Wan J, Peng S, Zhang JR, Ding HJ, Zhang B, Ni HL, Cao P, Hu P, Wang BQ, Chen B. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Aziridines and Allylic Chlorides. Org Lett 2023; 25:6582-6586. [PMID: 37642345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of aziridines and allylic chlorides was realized by using manganese metal as the reducing agent. This protocol afforded a convenient approach to obtain β-allyl-substituted arylethylamines bearing various functional groups. The utility of this reaction was also demonstrated by scale-up preparation and diverse transformations, including the synthesis of Baclofen and several bioactive molecular motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen-Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Rui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Jiao Ding
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Liang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
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9
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Wang YZ, Wang ZH, Eshel IL, Sun B, Liu D, Gu YC, Milo A, Mei TS. Nickel/biimidazole-catalyzed electrochemical enantioselective reductive cross-coupling of aryl aziridines with aryl iodides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2322. [PMID: 37087477 PMCID: PMC10122672 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report an asymmetric electrochemical organonickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of aryl aziridines with aryl iodides in an undivided cell, affording β-phenethylamines in good to excellent enantioselectivity with broad functional group tolerance. The combination of cyclic voltammetry analysis of the catalyst reduction potential as well as an electrode potential study provides a convenient route for reaction optimization. Overall, the high efficiency of this method is credited to the electroreduction-mediated turnover of the nickel catalyst instead of a metal reductant-mediated turnover. Mechanistic studies suggest a radical pathway is involved in the ring opening of aziridines. The statistical analysis serves to compare the different design requirements for photochemically and electrochemically mediated reactions under this type of mechanistic manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Inbal L Eshel
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 841051, Israel
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Berkshire, RE42 6EY, UK
| | - Anat Milo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 841051, Israel.
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Hu X, Cheng-Sánchez I, Cuesta-Galisteo S, Nevado C. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Electrochemical Reductive Cross-Coupling of Aryl Aziridines with Alkenyl Bromides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6270-6279. [PMID: 36881734 PMCID: PMC10037331 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemically driven nickel-catalyzed enantioselective reductive cross-coupling of aryl aziridines with alkenyl bromides has been developed, affording enantioenriched β-aryl homoallylic amines with excellent E-selectivity. This electroreductive strategy proceeds in the absence of heterogeneous metal reductants and sacrificial anodes by employing constant current electrolysis in an undivided cell with triethylamine as a terminal reductant. The reaction features mild conditions, remarkable stereocontrol, broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group compatibility, which was illustrated by the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules. Mechanistic studies indicate that this transformation conforms with a stereoconvergent mechanism in which the aziridine is activated through a nucleophilic halide ring-opening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Iván Cheng-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Cuesta-Galisteo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Guo P, Jin H, Han J, Xu L, Li P, Zhan M. Nickel-Catalyzed Negishi Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Halides, Including Unactivated Tertiary Halides, with a Boron-Stabilized Organozinc Reagent. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 36866526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of unactivated tertiary alkyl electrophiles with alkylmetal reagents is still a challenge. We report herein a nickel-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling of alkyl halides, including unactivated tertiary halides, with boron-stabilized organozinc reagent BpinCH2ZnI, yielding versatile organoboron products with high functional-group tolerance. Importantly, the Bpin group was found to be indispensable for accessing the quaternary carbon center. The synthetic practicability of the prepared quaternary organoboronates was demonstrated by their conversion to other useful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchi Guo
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jinhui Han
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Miao Zhan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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12
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Dongbang S, Doyle AG. Ni/Photoredox-Catalyzed C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Coupling between Aziridines and Acetals as Alcohol-Derived Alkyl Radical Precursors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20067-20077. [PMID: 36256882 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aziridines are readily available C(sp3) precursors that afford valuable β-functionalized amines upon ring opening. In this article, we report a Ni/photoredox methodology for C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-coupling between aziridines and methyl/1°/2° aliphatic alcohols activated as benzaldehyde dialkyl acetals. Orthogonal activation modes of each alkyl coupling partner facilitate cross-selectivity in the C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond-forming reaction: the benzaldehyde dialkyl acetal is activated via hydrogen atom abstraction and β-scission via a bromine radical (generated in situ from single-electron oxidation of bromide), whereas the aziridine is activated at the Ni center via reduction. We demonstrate that an Ni(II) azametallacycle, conventionally proposed in aziridine cross-coupling, is not an intermediate in the productive cross-coupling. Rather, stoichiometric organometallic and linear free energy relationship studies indicate that aziridine activation proceeds via Ni(I) oxidative addition, a previously unexplored elementary step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Dongbang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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13
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Wang Y, Tang S, Yang G, Wang S, Ma D, Qiu Y. Electrocarboxylation of Aryl Epoxides with CO
2
for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207746. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shunyao Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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14
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Wang Y, Tang S, Yang G, Wang S, Ma D, Qiu Y. Electrocarboxylation of Aryl Epoxides with CO2 for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | - Siyi Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Dengke Ma
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Youai Qiu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry 94 Weijin Road 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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15
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Tan H, Samanta S, Maity A, Roychowdhury P, Powers DC. N-Aminopyridinium reagents as traceless activating groups in the synthesis of N-Aryl aziridines. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3341. [PMID: 35689000 PMCID: PMC9187731 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
N-functionalized aziridines, which are both useful intermediates and important synthetic targets, can be envisioned as arising from the addition of nitrenes (i.e., NR fragments) to olefinic substrates. The exceptional reactivity of most nitrenes, in particular with respect to unimolecular decomposition, prevents general application of nitrene-transfer to the synthesis of N-functionalized aziridines. Here we demonstrate N-aryl aziridine synthesis via 1) olefin aziridination with N-aminopyridinium reagents to afford N-pyridinium aziridines followed by 2) Ni-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of the N-pyridinium aziridines with aryl boronic acids. The N-pyridinium aziridine intermediates also participate in ring-opening chemistry with a variety of nucleophiles to afford 1,2-aminofunctionalization products. Mechanistic investigations indicate aziridine cross-coupling proceeds via a noncanonical mechanism involving initial aziridine opening promoted by the bromide counterion of the Ni catalyst, C-N cross-coupling, and finally aziridine reclosure. Together, these results provide new opportunities to achieve selective incorporation of generic aryl nitrene equivalents in organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Samya Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Asim Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Pritam Roychowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - David C Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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16
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He S, Chen Y, Huang Z, Li B, Shi D, Zhao Y. Palladium(II) – Catalyzed Functionalization of Aromatic Amines with Aliphatic Aziridines: Direct Approach to Form
O
‐Aminophenethylamine Backbones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo He
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Bao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University
| | - Da‐Qing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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17
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Nucleophilic substitution reactions of unbranched alkyl amines using triazine reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Catalyst-controlled regiodivergent 1,2-difunctionalization of alkenes with two carbon-based electrophiles. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Li R, Li B, Zhang H, Ju CW, Qin Y, Xue XS, Zhao D. A ring expansion strategy towards diverse azaheterocycles. Nat Chem 2021; 13:1006-1016. [PMID: 34282307 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of innovative strategies for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds is an important topic in organic synthesis. Ring expansion methods to form large N-heterocycles often involve the cycloaddition of strained aza rings with π bonds. However, in some cases such strategies suffer from some limitations owing to the difficulties in controlling the regioselectivity and the accessibility of specific π-bond synthons. Here, we report the development of a general ring expansion strategy that involves a formal cross-dimerization between three-membered aza heterocycles and three- and four-membered-ring ketones through synergistic bimetallic catalysis. These formal cross-dimerizations of two different strained rings are efficient and scalable, and provide a straightforward and broadly applicable means of assembling diverse N-heterocycles, such as 3-benzazepinones, dihydropyridinones and uracils, which are versatile units in numerous drugs and biologically active compounds. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the C-C bond of strained ring ketones is first cleaved by the Pd0 species during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Ju
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Qin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Fan P, Jin Y, Liu J, Wang R, Wang C. Nickel/Photo-Cocatalyzed Regioselective Ring Opening of N-Tosyl Styrenyl Aziridines with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2021; 23:7364-7369. [PMID: 34543571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aldehydes and aziridines are both intrinsic electrophilic reagents, and thus the coupling reaction between these two compounds is highly challenging. In this protocol, the merger of nickel and hydrogen-atom-transfer photocatalysis successfully enables the ring opening of N-tosyl styrenyl aziridines with aldehydes, providing a novel and atom-economical access to a variety of β-amino ketones with complete regiocontrol. The preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the ring opening reaction proceeds with a cooperative catalytic mode: aldehydes are converted into acyl radicals by tetrabutylammonium decatungstate under irradiation, whereas the nickel catalyst is engaged in the ring opening of aziridines and the following carbon-carbon bond-forming step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232038, P. R. China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Youxiang Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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21
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Hewitt KA, Herbert CA, Matus AC, Jarvo ER. Nickel-Catalyzed Kumada Cross-Coupling Reactions of Benzylic Sulfonamides. Molecules 2021; 26:5947. [PMID: 34641491 PMCID: PMC8512530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a Kumada cross-coupling reaction of benzylic sulfonamides. The scope of the transformation includes acyclic and cyclic sulfonamide precursors that cleanly produce highly substituted acyclic fragments. Preliminary data are consistent with a stereospecific mechanism that allows for a diastereoselective reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elizabeth R. Jarvo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA; (K.A.H.); (C.A.H.); (A.C.M.)
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22
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He J, Zhang X, He Q, Guo H, Fan R. Synthesis of 15N-labeled heterocycles via the cleavage of C-N bonds of anilines and glycine- 15N. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5442-5445. [PMID: 33949517 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitrogen replacement process that directly incorporates the 15N atom of glycine-15N into anilines was reported. The process involves a Csp2-N bond cleavage of anilines driven by dearomatization and a Csp3-N bond cleavage of glycine-15N driven by aromatization. A variety of 15N-labeled aromatic heterocycles can be prepared via this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen He
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qiuqin He
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Renhua Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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23
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Xu CH, Li JH, Xiang JN, Deng W. Merging Photoredox/Nickel Catalysis for Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aziridines with Pyridin-1-ium Salts via Dearomatization. Org Lett 2021; 23:3696-3700. [PMID: 33825468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Merging photoredox/nickel catalysis enabling the cross-electrophile coupling of aziridines with pyridin-1-ium salts involving dearomatization for the synthesis of β-(1,4-dihydropyridin-4-yl)-ethylamines, especially including bioactive motif-based analogues, is described. This method allows incorporation of a 1,4-dihydropyridin-4-yl group and formation a N-H amino group to construct highly valuable β-(1,4-dihydropyridin-4-yl)-ethylamine frameworks in a single step through the C2-N bond regioselective cleavage and dearomatization alkylation cascades with precise regioselectivity and excellent functional group tolerance, and represents an appealing cross-electrophile coupling strategy to accomplish transformations between two electrophiles, including aziridines and pyridin-1-ium salts, by avoiding prefunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian-Nan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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24
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Davies J, Janssen-Müller D, Zimin DP, Day CS, Yanagi T, Elfert J, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aziridines en Route to β-Amino Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4949-4954. [PMID: 33724815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Ni-catalyzed reductive carboxylation of N-substituted aziridines with CO2 at atmospheric pressure is disclosed. The protocol is characterized by its mild conditions, experimental ease, and exquisite chemo- and regioselectivity pattern, thus unlocking a new catalytic blueprint to access β-amino acids, important building blocks with considerable potential as peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Davies
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniel Janssen-Müller
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dmitry P Zimin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S Day
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tomoyuki Yanagi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jonas Elfert
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Takeda Y, Toyoda K, Sameera WMC, Tohnai N, Minakata S. Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective and Stereospecific Ring‐Opening Suzuki‐Miyaura Arylative Cross‐Coupling of 2‐Arylazetidines with Arylboronic Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - Kazuya Toyoda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - W. M. C. Sameera
- Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University North 19 Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 0600819 Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan
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26
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Zhao F, Wu XF. Deaminative carbonylative thioesterification of activated alkylamines with thiophenols under transition-metal-free conditions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01479f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free radical carbonylation of activated alkylamines with thiophenols has been successfully developed. Various thioesters were selectively produced with moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Zhao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
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27
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Haibach MC, Ickes AR, Wilders AM, Shekhar S. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Haibach
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew R. Ickes
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Alison M. Wilders
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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28
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Garcı́a-Cárceles J, Bahou KA, Bower JF. Recent Methodologies That Exploit Oxidative Addition of C–N Bonds to Transition Metals. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karim A. Bahou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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29
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Takeda Y, Sameera WMC, Minakata S. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective and Stereospecific Ring-Opening Cross-Coupling of Aziridines: Experimental and Computational Studies. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1686-1702. [PMID: 32786337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aziridines, i.e., the smallest saturated N-heterocycles, serve as useful building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry. Because of the release of the large ring strain energy accommodated in the small ring, (ca. 27 kcal/mol), aziridines undergo ring-opening reactions with a variety of nucleophiles. Therefore, among the synthetic reactions utilizing aziridines, regioselective ring-opening substitutions of aziridines with nucleophiles, such as heteroatomic nucleophiles (e.g., amines, alcohols, and thiols) and carbonaceous nucleophiles (e.g., carbanions, organometallic reagents, and electron-rich arenes), constitute a useful synthetic methodology to synthesize biologically relevant β-functionalized alkylamines. However, the regioselection in such traditional ring-opening substitutions of aziridines is highly dependent on the substrate combination, and stereochemical control is challenging to achieve, especially in the case of Lewis acid-promoted variants. Therefore, the development of robust catalytic ring-opening functionalization methods that enable precise prediction of regioselectivity and stereochemistry is desirable. In this direction, our group focused on the highly regioselective and stereospecific nature of the stoichiometric oxidative addition elementary step of 2-substituted aziridines into Pd(0) complexes in an SN2 fashion. In conjunction with the recent advancements in transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of alkyl pseudohalides containing a C(sp3)-Q (Q = O, N, S, etc.) bond, aziridines can be used as nonclassical alkyl pseudohalides in regioselective and stereospecific cross-couplings.In this Account, starting from the background of transition-metal-catalyzed ring-opening functionalization of aziridines, our contributions to the palladium-catalyzed regioselective and stereoinvertive cross-couplings of aziridines with organoboron reagents to form C(sp3)-C, C(sp3)-B, and C(sp3)-Si bonds have been compiled. The developed methods allow the syntheses of medicinally important amine compounds, e.g., enantioenriched β-phenethylamines, β-amino acids, and their boron and silyl surrogates, from readily available enantiopure aziridine substrates. Notably, the regioselectivity of the ring opening can be switched by appropriate selection of the catalyst (i.e., Pd/NHC vs Pd/PR3 systems). Computational studies rationalized the detailed mechanisms of the full catalytic cycle and the regioselectivity and stereospecificity of the reactions. The computational results suggested that the interactions operating between the Pd catalyst and aziridine substrate play important roles in determining the regioselection of the aziridine ring-opening event (i.e., oxidative addition). Also, the computational results rationalized the role of water molecules in promoting the transmetalation step through the formation of a Pd-hydroxide active intermediate. This Account evidences the benefits of synergistic collaborations between experimental and computational methods in developing novel transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - W. M. C. Sameera
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, North 19 West 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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30
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Estrada JG, Williams WL, Ting SI, Doyle AG. Role of Electron-Deficient Olefin Ligands in a Ni-Catalyzed Aziridine Cross-Coupling To Generate Quaternary Carbons. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8928-8937. [PMID: 32348673 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the development of an electron-deficient olefin (EDO) ligand, Fro-DO, that promotes the generation of quaternary carbon centers via Ni-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 cross-coupling with aziridines. By contrast, electronically and structurally similar EDO ligands such as dimethyl fumarate and electron-deficient styrenes afford primarily β-hydride elimination side reactivity. Only a few catalyst systems have been identified that promote the formation of quaternary carbons via Ni-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 cross-coupling. Although Fro-DO represents a promising ligand in this regard, the basis for its superior performance is not well understood. Here we describe a detailed mechanistic study of the aziridine cross-coupling reaction and the role of EDO ligands in facilitating Csp3-Csp3 bond formation. This analysis reveals that cross-coupling proceeds by a Ni0/II cycle with a NiII azametallacyclobutane catalyst resting state. Turnover-limiting C-C reductive elimination occurs from a spectroscopically observable NiII-dialkyl intermediate bound to the EDO. Computational analysis shows that Fro-DO accelerates turnover limiting reductive elimination via LUMO lowering. However, it is no more effective than dimethyl fumarate at reducing the barrier to Csp3-Csp3 reductive elimination. Instead, Fro-DO's unique reactivity arises from its ability to associate favorably to NiII intermediates. Natural bond order second-order perturbation theory analysis of the catalytically relevant NiII intermediate indicates that Fro-DO binds to NiII through an additional stabilizing donor-acceptor interaction between its sulfonyl group and NiII. Design of new ligands to evaluate this proposal supports this model and has led to the development of a new and tunable ligand framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús G Estrada
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Wendy L Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Stephen I Ting
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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31
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Steiman TJ, Liu J, Mengiste A, Doyle AG. Synthesis of β-Phenethylamines via Ni/Photoredox Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aliphatic Aziridines and Aryl Iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7598-7605. [PMID: 32250602 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A photoassisted Ni-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling between tosyl-protected alkyl aziridines and commercially available (hetero)aryl iodides is reported. This mild and modular method proceeds in the absence of stoichiometric heterogeneous reductants and uses an inexpensive organic photocatalyst to access medicinally valuable β-phenethylamine derivatives. Unprecedented reactivity was achieved with the activation of cyclic aziridines. Mechanistic studies suggest that the regioselectivity and reactivity observed under these conditions are a result of nucleophilic iodide ring opening of the aziridine to generate an iodoamine as the active electrophile. This strategy also enables cross-coupling with Boc-protected aziridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia J Steiman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Amanuella Mengiste
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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32
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Lu XY, Jiang RC, Li JM, Liu CC, Wang QQ, Zhou HP. Synthesis of gem-difluoroalkenes via nickel-catalyzed allylic defluorinative reductive cross-coupling of trifluoromethyl alkenes with epoxides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3674-3678. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00535e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed defluorinative reductive cross-coupling of trifluoromethyl alkenes with epoxides has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Run-Chuang Jiang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Qing-Qing Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Hai-Pin Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
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33
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Lu XY, Yan LY, Li JS, Li JM, Zhou HP, Jiang RC, Liu CC, Lu R, Hu R. Base-free Ni-catalyzed Suzuki-type cross-coupling reactions of epoxides with boronic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:109-112. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A Ni-catalyzed Suzuki-type cross-coupling of boronic acids with epoxides without an exogenous base and with broad substrate scope has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Lu-Yu Yan
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Jin-Song Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Hai-pin Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Run-Chuang Jiang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Ran Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Rong Hu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
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34
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Liu J, Wang C. Zinc-Catalyzed Hydroxyl-Directed Regioselective Ring Opening of Aziridines in SN2 Reaction Pathway. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
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35
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Zhu ZF, Tu JL, Liu F. Ni-Catalyzed deaminative hydroalkylation of internal alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11478-11481. [PMID: 31490479 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A regioselective cis-hydroalkylation of internal alkynes with readily prepared Katritzky pyridinium salts for the synthesis of tri-substituted alkenes is described. This reaction is the first example of a metal-catalyzed hydroalkylation of an alkyne via C-N bond activation of an amine. The reaction demonstrates broad scope and functional group tolerance, allowing access to desired products with high diversity. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that a combination of an SET-initiated radical process and Ni-catalyzed alkylation could engage in the reaction, which makes it possible to bypass the traditional open-shell addition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Fan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Takeda Y, Shibuta K, Aoki S, Tohnai N, Minakata S. Catalyst-controlled regiodivergent ring-opening C(sp 3)-Si bond-forming reactions of 2-arylaziridines with silylborane enabled by synergistic palladium/copper dual catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8642-8647. [PMID: 31803438 PMCID: PMC6844297 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02507c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A Pd/Cu catalyst-controlled regiodivergent and stereospecific ring-opening C(sp3)–Si cross-coupling of 2-arylaziridines with silylborane has been developed and a new tandem reaction to give another regioisomer of silylamine has been discovered.
A catalyst-controlled regiodivergent and stereospecific ring-opening C(sp3)–Si cross-coupling of 2-arylaziridines with silylborane enabled by synergistic Pd/Cu dual catalysis has been developed. Just by selecting a suitable combination of catalysts, the regioselectivity of the coupling is completely switched to efficiently provide two regioisomers of β-silylamines (i.e., β-silyl-α-phenethylamines and β-silyl-β-phenethylamines) in good to high yields. Furthermore, a slight modification of the reaction conditions caused a drastic change in reaction pathways, leading to a tandem reaction to produce another regioisomer of silylamine (i.e., α-silyl-β-phenethylamines) in an efficient and selective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan . ;
| | - Kaoru Shibuta
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan . ;
| | - Shohei Aoki
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan . ;
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan . ;
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37
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Ravn AK, Vilstrup MBT, Noerby P, Nielsen DU, Daasbjerg K, Skrydstrup T. Carbon Isotope Labeling Strategy for β-Amino Acid Derivatives via Carbonylation of Azanickellacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11821-11826. [PMID: 31310710 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-membered azametallacycles have been prepared by the oxidative addition of Ni(0) with aziridines. Stoichiometric 13C-labeled carbon monoxide could be efficiently incorporated via Ni-C bond insertion to generate air stable and isolable cyclic Ni-acyl complexes. Upon subjection to a range of C-, N-, O-, and S-nucleophiles, 13C-labeled β-amino acids and derivatives thereof, as well as β-aminoketones, could be rapidly accessed. The methodology proved highly adaptable for the synthesis of the antidiabetic drug, sitagliptin, with a single carbon isotope label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Ravn
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Maria B T Vilstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Peter Noerby
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Dennis U Nielsen
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), The Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
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38
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Takeda Y, Matsuno T, Sharma AK, Sameera WMC, Minakata S. Asymmetric Synthesis of β
2
‐Aryl Amino Acids through Pd‐Catalyzed Enantiospecific and Regioselective Ring‐Opening Suzuki–Miyaura Arylation of Aziridine‐2‐carboxylates. Chemistry 2019; 25:10226-10231. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuno
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Akhilesh K. Sharma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental ChemistryKyoto University Takano-Nishishiraki-cho 34-4 Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8103 Japan
| | - W. M. C. Sameera
- Institute of Low Temperature ScienceHokkaido University Kita-ku, North 19 West 8 Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0819 Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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39
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Zhou K, Zhu Y, Fan W, Chen Y, Xu X, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Late-Stage Functionalization of Aromatic Acids with Aliphatic Aziridines: Direct Approach to Form β-Branched Arylethylamine Backbones. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Weitai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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40
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Yi H, Oestreich M. Regiodivergent and Stereospecific Aziridine Opening by Copper-Catalyzed Addition of Silicon Grignard Reagents. Chemistry 2019; 25:6505-6507. [PMID: 30888724 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A stereospecific ring opening of various 2-aryl-substituted aziridines with silicon Grignard reagents under copper catalysis is reported. The regiochemical outcome is governed by the steric demand of the silicon nucleophile. The LiCl introduced with the magnesium reagent R3 SiMgX⋅2 LiCl is shown to enhance the SN 2-type displacement of the carbon-nitrogen bond by coordination to the aziridine nitrogen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yi
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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41
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Liao J, Basch CH, Hoerrner ME, Talley MR, Boscoe BP, Tucker JW, Garnsey MR, Watson MP. Deaminative Reductive Cross-Electrophile Couplings of Alkylpyridinium Salts and Aryl Bromides. Org Lett 2019; 21:2941-2946. [PMID: 30917282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of alkylpyridinium salts and aryl bromides has been developed using Mn as the reductant. Both primary and secondary alkylpyridinium salts can be used, and high functional group and heterocycle tolerance is observed, including for protic groups. Mechanistic studies indicate the formation of an alkyl radical, and controlling its fate was key to the success of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Liao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Corey H Basch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Megan E Hoerrner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Michael R Talley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Brian P Boscoe
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Joseph W Tucker
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Michelle R Garnsey
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Mary P Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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42
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Sharma AK, Sameera WMC, Takeda Y, Minakata S. Computational Study on the Mechanism and Origin of the Regioselectivity and Stereospecificity in Pd/SIPr-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Cross-Coupling of 2-Arylaziridines with Arylboronic Acids. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K. Sharma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishishiraki-cho, 34-4, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - W. M. C. Sameera
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan
| | - Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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43
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Plunkett S, Basch CH, Santana SO, Watson MP. Harnessing Alkylpyridinium Salts as Electrophiles in Deaminative Alkyl-Alkyl Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2257-2262. [PMID: 30682254 PMCID: PMC6434706 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A Negishi cross-coupling of alkylpyridinium salts and alkylzinc halides has been developed. This is the first example of alkyl-alkyl bond formation via cross-coupling of an alkyl amine derivative with an unactivated alkyl group, and allows both primary and secondary alkylpyridinium salts to react with primary alkylzinc halides with high functional group tolerance. When combined with formation of the pyridinium salts from primary amines, this method enables the noncanonical transformation of NH2 groups into a wide range of alkyl substituents with broad functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Plunkett
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Corey H. Basch
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Samantha O. Santana
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Mary P. Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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44
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Boultwood T, Bull JA. Synthesis of Selenoaziridines: A Study on Stereochemical Outcomes of the Reaction of Aziridine Radicals and Anions Generated from Iodoaziridines. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:870-879. [PMID: 31459364 PMCID: PMC6648590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new functional group in the form of selenyl-substituted aziridines is described. Selenoaziridines are stereoselectively prepared by functionalization of intact aziridine precursors involving radical and anionic intermediates. Radicals are generated from cis-N-Ts iodoaziridines by activation of the C-I bond using alkoxides as a source of single electrons. These form predominantly trans-substituted selenoaziridines dependent on the size of the diselenide. cis-Aziridinyllithiums generated by Li-I exchange also react with diselenides stereospecifically to form a range of cis-selenoaziridines. Proposals for the stereochemical outcome are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Boultwood
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - James A. Bull
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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45
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Campeau LC, Hazari N. Cross-Coupling and Related Reactions: Connecting Past Success to the Development of New Reactions for the Future. Organometallics 2019; 38:3-35. [PMID: 31741548 PMCID: PMC6860378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cross-coupling reactions, which were discovered almost 50 years ago, are widely used in both industry and academia. Even though cross-coupling reactions now represent mature technology, there is still a significant amount of research in this area that aims to improve the scope of these reactions, develop more efficient catalysts, and make reactions more practical. In this tutorial, a brief background to cross-coupling reactions is provided, and then the major advances in cross-coupling research over the last 20 years are described. These include the development of improved ligands and precatalysts for cross-coupling and the extension of cross-coupling reactions to a much wider range of electrophiles. For example, cross-coupling reactions are now common with sp3-hybridized electrophiles as well as ester, amide, ether, and aziridine substrates. For many of these more modern substrates, traditional palladium-based catalysts are less efficient than systems based on first-row transition metals such as nickel. Conventional cross-coupling reactions have also inspired the development of a range of related reactions, such as cross-electrophile and decarboxylative couplings as well as couplings based on metallaphotoredox chemistry. The development of these new reactions is probably at the same stage as traditional cross-coupling reactions 30 years ago, and this tutorial highlights how many of the same strategies used to improve cross-coupling reactions may also be applicable to making the new reactions more practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Charles Campeau
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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46
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Lu XY, Li JS, Wang SQ, Zhu YJ, Li YM, Yan LY, Li JM, Wang JY, Zhou HP, Ge XT. Pd-Catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions of epoxides with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11123-11126. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with cyclic and acyclic epoxides has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Jin-Song Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Shi-Qun Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Lu-Yu Yan
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Hai-Pin Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
| | - Xiu-Tao Ge
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- ChuZhou University
- Chu Zhou
- China
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47
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Singh GS. Advances in synthesis and chemistry of aziridines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Lu XY, Li JS, Wang JY, Wang SQ, Li YM, Zhu YJ, Zhou R, Ma WJ. Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of vinyl epoxide with organoboron compounds: access to homoallylic alcohols. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41561-41565. [PMID: 35559282 PMCID: PMC9092012 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of vinyl epoxide with arylboronates to obtain aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols are described. The reaction selectivity was different to that of previously reported vinyl epoxide ring-opening reactions using aryl nucleophiles. The reaction proceeded under mild conditions, affording aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols with high selectivity and in good to excellent yields. The reaction provides convenient access to aryl-substituted homoallylic alcohols from vinyl epoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, AnHui University Hefei 230601 China
| | - Jin-Song Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Shi-Qun Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Ran Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Ma
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University Hui Feng Road 1 Chuzhou 239000 P. R. China
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49
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Pound SM, Watson MP. Asymmetric synthesis via stereospecific C-N and C-O bond activation of alkyl amine and alcohol derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12286-12301. [PMID: 30283929 PMCID: PMC6261259 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07093h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This perspective showcases our development of benzylic and allylic amine and alcohol derivatives as electrophiles for stereospecific, nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, as well as the prior art that inspired our efforts. The success of our effort has relied on the use of benzyl ammonium triflates as electrophiles for cross-couplings via C-N bond activation and benzylic and allylic carboxylates for cross-couplings via C-O bond activation. Our work, along with others' exciting discoveries, has demonstrated the potential of stereospecific, nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of alkyl electrophiles in asymmetric synthesis, and enables efficient generation of both tertiary and quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Pound
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
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Guan W, Liao J, Watson MP. Vinylation of Benzylic Amines via C-N Bond Functionalization of Benzylic Pyridinium Salts. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2018; 50:3231-3237. [PMID: 30174353 PMCID: PMC6112771 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cross-couplings of benzylic pyridinium salts and vinylboronic acids or esters have been developed. Via these benzylic pyridinium intermediates, benzylic amines can be engaged in these cross-couplings via C-N bond functionalization. This method boasts mild reaction conditions and excellent tolerance for heteroaryl substituents and a range of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Jennie Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Mary P Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 19716, USA
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