1
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Zhang X, Takahashi S, Aratsu K, Kikuchi I, Sato H, Hiraoka S. Cyclization or bridging: which occurs faster is the key to the self-assembly mechanism of Pd 6L 3 coordination prisms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2997-3006. [PMID: 35037923 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04448f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly processes of Pd6L3 coordination prisms consisting of cis-protected Pd(II) complexes and porphyrin-based tetratopic ligands with four 3-pyridyl or 4-pyridyl groups (L) were investigated by experimental and numerical methods, QASAP (quantitative analysis of self-assembly process) and NASAP (numerical analysis of self-assembly process), respectively. It was found that contrary to common intuition macrocyclization takes place faster than the bridging reaction in the prism assembly and that the bridging reaction occurring before the macrocyclization tends to produce kinetically trapped species. A numerical simulation demonstrates that the relative magnitude of the rate constants between the macrocyclization and the bridging reaction is the key factor that determines whether the self-assembly leads to the thermodynamically most stable prism or to kinetically trapped species. Finding the key elementary reactions that largely affect the selection of the major assembly pathway is helpful to rationally control the products under kinetic control via modulation of the energy landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinman Zhang
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Isamu Kikuchi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.,Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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2
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Kumar A, Banerjee R, Zangrando E, Mukherjee PS. Solvent and Counteranion Assisted Dynamic Self-Assembly of Molecular Triangles and Tetrahedral Cages. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2368-2377. [PMID: 35029966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of naked PdII ions separately with newly designed bis(3-pyridyl)benzothiadiazole (L1) and bis(3-pyridyl)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (L2) donors separately, under varying experimental conditions, yielded Pd4L8 (L= L1 or L2) tetrahedral cages and their homologous Pd3L6 (L= L1 or L2) double-walled triangular macrocycles. The resulting assemblies exhibited solvent, temperature, and counteranion induced dynamic equilibrium. Treatment of L1 with Pd(BF4)2 in acetonitrile (ACN) resulted in selective formation of a tetrahedral cage [Pd4(L1)8](BF4)8 (1a), which is in dynamic equilibrium with its homologue triangle [Pd3(L1)6](BF4)6 (2a) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). On the other hand, similar self-assembly using L2 instead of L1 yielded an equilibrium mixture of tetrahedral cage [Pd4(L2)8](BF4)8 (3a) and triangle [Pd3(L2)6](BF4)6 (4a) forms in both ACN and DMSO. The assembles were characterized by multinuclear NMR and ESI-MS while the structure of the tetrahedral cage (1a) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Existence of a dynamic equilibrium between the assemblies in solution has been investigated via variable temperature 1H NMR. The equilibrium constant K = ([Pd4L8]3/[Pd3L6]4) was calculated at each experimental temperature and fitted with the Van't Hoff equation to determine the standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) associated with the interconversion of the double-walled triangle to tetrahedral cage. The thermodynamic feasibility of structural interconversion was analyzed from the change in ΔG°, which suggests favorable conversion of Pd3L6 triangle to Pd4L8 cage at elevated temperature for L1 in DMSO and L2 in ACN. Interestingly, similar self-assembly reactions of L1 and L2 with Pd(NO3)2 instead of Pd(BF4)2 resulted in selective formation of a tetrahedral cage [Pd4(L1)8](NO3)8 (1b) and double-walled triangle [Pd3(L2)6](NO3)6 (4b), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ranit Banerjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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3
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Hiraoka S, Takahashi S, Sato H. Coordination Self-Assembly Processes Revealed by Collaboration of Experiment and Theory: Toward Kinetic Control of Molecular Self-Assembly. CHEM REC 2020; 21:443-459. [PMID: 33241912 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the collaboration of experiment and theory has been proven in many examples in science and technology. Here, such a new example is shown in the investigation of molecular self-assembly process, which is a complicated multi-step chemical reaction occurring in the reaction network composed of a huge number of intermediates. An experimental method, QASAP (quantitative analysis of self-assembly process), developed by us and a numerical approach, NASAP (numerical analysis of self-assembly process), that analyzes the experimental data obtained by QASAP to draw detail molecular self-assembly pathways, which was also developed by us, are introduced, and their application to the investigation of Pd(II)-mediated coordination assemblies are presented. Further, the possibility of the prediction of the outcomes of molecular self-assembly by varying the reaction conditions is also demonstrated. Finally, a future direction in the field of artificial molecular self-assembly based on pathway-dependent self-assembly, that is, kinetic control of molecular self-assembly is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalyst and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
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4
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Sun N, Wang C, Wang H, Yang L, Jin P, Zhang W, Jiang J. Multifunctional Tubular Organic Cage‐Supported Ultrafine Palladium Nanoparticles for Sequential Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18011-18016. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Chiming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Le Yang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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5
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Sun N, Wang C, Wang H, Yang L, Jin P, Zhang W, Jiang J. Multifunctional Tubular Organic Cage‐Supported Ultrafine Palladium Nanoparticles for Sequential Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Chiming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Le Yang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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6
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Wang H, Liu CH, Wang K, Wang M, Yu H, Kandapal S, Brzozowski R, Xu B, Wang M, Lu S, Hao XQ, Eswara P, Nieh MP, Cai J, Li X. Assembling Pentatopic Terpyridine Ligands with Three Types of Coordination Moieties into a Giant Supramolecular Hexagonal Prism: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Study. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16108-16116. [PMID: 31509694 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) supramolecules with giant cavities are attractive due to their wide range of applications. Herein, we used pentatopic terpyridine ligands with three types of coordination moieties to assemble two giant supramolecular hexagonal prisms with a molecular weight up to 42 608 and 43 569 Da, respectively. Within the prisms, two double-rimmed Kandinsky Circles serve as the base surfaces as well as the templates for assisting the self-sorting during the self-assembly. Additionally, hierarchical self-assembly of these supramolecular prisms into tubular-like nanostructures was fully studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Finally, these supramolecular prisms show good antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute Materials Science, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Single Molecule Study Laboratory, College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Sneha Kandapal
- Single Molecule Study Laboratory, College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Robert Brzozowski
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Bingqian Xu
- Single Molecule Study Laboratory, College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Prahathees Eswara
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute Materials Science, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
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7
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Bhat IA, Zangrando E, Mukherjee PS. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Discrete Molecular Nanotubular Architectures. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11172-11179. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Trieste, via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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8
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Singh N, Singh J, Kim D, Kim DH, Kim EH, Lah MS, Chi KW. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Heterotrimetallic Barrel and Bimetallic Cages Using a Cobalt Sandwich-Based Tetratopic Donor. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:3521-3528. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nem Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Republic of Korea Protein Structure Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Lah
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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9
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Das P, Kumar A, Howlader P, Mukherjee PS. A Self-Assembled Trigonal Prismatic Molecular Vessel for Catalytic Dehydration Reactions in Water. Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Das
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Prodip Howlader
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
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10
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Ryu JY, Wi EH, Pait M, Lee S, Stang PJ, Lee J. Unique Ruthenium Bimetallic Supramolecular Cages From C4-Symmetric Tetrapyridyl Metalloligands. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5471-5477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Wi
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Moumita Pait
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
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11
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Singh N, Jang S, Jo JH, Kim DH, Park DW, Kim I, Kim H, Kang SC, Chi KW. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly and Anticancer Potency Studies of Ruthenium-Cobalt-Based Heterometallic Rectangles. Chemistry 2016; 22:16157-16164. [PMID: 27689935 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Three new cobalt-ruthenium heterometallic molecular rectangles, 1-3, were synthesized through the coordination-driven self-assembly of a new cobalt sandwich donor, (η5 -Cp)Co[C4 -trans-Ph2 (4-Py)2 ] (L; Cp: cyclopentyl; Py: pyridine), and one of three dinuclear precursors, [(p-cymene)2 Ru2 (OO∩OO)2 Cl2 ] [OO∩OO: oxalato (A1 ), 5,8-dioxido-1,4-naphthoquinone (A2 ), or 6,11-dioxido-5,12-naphthacenedione (A3 )]. All of the self-assembled architectures were isolated in very good yield (92-94 %) and were fully characterized by spectroscopic analysis; the molecular structures of 2 and 3 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The anticancer activities of bimetallic rectangles 1-3 were evaluated with a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an autophagy assay, and Western blotting. Rectangles 1-3 showed higher cytotoxicity than doxorubicin in AGS human gastric carcinoma cells. In addition, the autophagic activities and apoptotic cell death ratios were increased in AGS cells by treatment with 1-3; the rectangles induced autophagosome formation by promoting LC3-I to LC3-II conversion and apoptotic cell death by increasing caspase-3/7 activity. Our results suggest that rectangles 1-3 induce gastric cancer cell death by modulating autophagy and apoptosis and that they have potential use as agents for the treatment of human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nem Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunphil Jang
- Department of Oriental Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Park
- Department of Oriental Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - InHye Kim
- Department of Oriental Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Energy Materials Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Givelet CC, Dron PI, Wen J, Magnera TF, Zamadar M, Čépe K, Fujiwara H, Shi Y, Tuchband MR, Clark N, Zbořil R, Michl J. Challenges in the Structure Determination of Self-Assembled Metallacages: What Do Cage Cavities Contain, Internal Vapor Bubbles or Solvent and/or Counterions? J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6676-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Klára Čépe
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science,
Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů
27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science,
Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů
27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Chemistry of the highly stable hindered cobalt sandwich compound (η5-Cp)Co(η4-C4Ph4) and its derivatives. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Jurček O, Bonakdarzadeh P, Kalenius E, Linnanto JM, Groessl M, Knochenmuss R, Ihalainen JA, Rissanen K. Superchiral Pd
3
L
6
Coordination Complex and Its Reversible Structural Conversion into Pd
3
L
3
Cl
6
Metallocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15462-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Jurček
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
| | - Pia Bonakdarzadeh
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
| | - Elina Kalenius
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
| | - Juha Matti Linnanto
- University of Tartu, Institute of Physics, Ravila 14c, 50411 Tartu (Estonia)
| | | | | | - Janne A. Ihalainen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Nanoscience Center, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyvaskyla (Finland)
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15
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Jurček O, Bonakdarzadeh P, Kalenius E, Linnanto JM, Groessl M, Knochenmuss R, Ihalainen JA, Rissanen K. Superchiral Pd3L6Coordination Complex and Its Reversible Structural Conversion into Pd3L3Cl6Metallocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Ryu JY, Park YJ, Park HR, Saha ML, Stang PJ, Lee J. Ruthenium–Cobalt Bimetallic Supramolecular Cages via a Less Symmetric Tetrapyridyl Metalloligand and the Effect of Spacer Units. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13018-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Ryu
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ryun Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Manik Lal Saha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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17
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Angurell I, Ferrer M, Gutiérrez A, Martínez M, Rocamora M, Rodríguez L, Rossell O, Lorenz Y, Engeser M. Kinetico-Mechanistic Insights on the Assembling Dynamics of Allyl-Cornered Metallacycles: The PtNpyBond is the Keystone. Chemistry 2014; 20:14473-87. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Tsujimoto Y, Kojima T, Hiraoka S. Rate-determining step in the self-assembly process of supramolecular coordination capsules. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel method for investigating the self-assembly process by following the average composition of the fragmentary species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Tsujimoto
- Department of Basic Science
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kojima
- Department of Basic Science
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Kim JJ, Kwak OK, Park JK, Min KS, Yoon YJ. Construction and characterization of novel molecular architectures through coordination-driven self-assembly: rhomboid and overlapped double rhomboid. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-013-0373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Riddell IA, Hristova YR, Clegg JK, Wood CS, Breiner B, Nitschke JR. Five Discrete Multinuclear Metal-Organic Assemblies from One Ligand: Deciphering the Effects of Different Templates. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2723-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311285b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imogen A. Riddell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Yana R. Hristova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Christopher S. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Boris Breiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road,
Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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21
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Bertrand G, Tortech L, Fichou D, Malacria M, Aubert C, Gandon V. An Improved Protocol for the Synthesis of [(η4-C4R4)Co(η5-C5H5)] Complexes. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200662g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Bertrand
- UPMC, IPCM, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- CEA-Saclay, Organic Nanostructures and Semiconductors Group, SPCSI/IRAMIS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ludovic Tortech
- UPMC, IPCM, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- CEA-Saclay, Organic Nanostructures and Semiconductors Group, SPCSI/IRAMIS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Denis Fichou
- UPMC, IPCM, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- CEA-Saclay, Organic Nanostructures and Semiconductors Group, SPCSI/IRAMIS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Max Malacria
- UPMC, IPCM, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Aubert
- UPMC, IPCM, UMR CNRS 7201, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Université Paris-Sud 11, ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, F-91405 Orsay, France
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22
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Chakrabarty R, Mukherjee PS, Stang PJ. Supramolecular coordination: self-assembly of finite two- and three-dimensional ensembles. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6810-918. [PMID: 21863792 PMCID: PMC3212633 DOI: 10.1021/cr200077m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2277] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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23
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Johnson AM, Moshe O, Gamboa AS, Langloss BW, Limtiaco JFK, Larive CK, Hooley RJ. Synthesis and Properties of Metal–Ligand Complexes with Endohedral Amine Functionality. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:9430-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201092s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Orly Moshe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ana S. Gamboa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Brian W. Langloss
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - John F. K. Limtiaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Cynthia K. Larive
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard J. Hooley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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24
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Wang M, Vajpayee V, Shanmugaraju S, Zheng YR, Zhao Z, Kim H, Mukherjee PS, Chi KW, Stang PJ. Coordination-driven self-assembly of M3L2 trigonal cages from preorganized metalloligands incorporating octahedral metal centers and fluorescent detection of nitroaromatics. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:1506-12. [PMID: 21214171 PMCID: PMC3071539 DOI: 10.1021/ic1020719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The design and preparation of novel M(3)L(2) trigonal cages via the coordination-driven self-assembly of preorganized metalloligands containing octahedral aluminum(III), gallium(III), or ruthenium(II) centers is described. When tritopic or dinuclear linear metalloligands and appropriate complementary subunits are employed, M(3)L(2) trigonal-bipyramidal and trigonal-prismatic cages are self-assembled under mild conditions. These three-dimensional cages were characterized with multinuclear NMR spectroscopy ((1)H and (31)P) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The structure of one such trigonal-prismatic cage, self-assembled from an arene ruthenium metalloligand, was confirmed via single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The fluorescent nature of these prisms, due to the presence of their electron-rich ethynyl functionalities, prompted photophysical studies, which revealed that electron-deficient nitroaromatics are effective quenchers of the cages' emission. Excited-state charge transfer from the prisms to the nitroaromatic substrates can be used as the basis for the development of selective and discriminatory turn-off fluorescent sensors for nitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Vaishali Vajpayee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yao-Rong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang, 690-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
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25
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Brusilowskij B, Dzyuba EV, Troff RW, Schalley CA. Effects of subtle differences in ligand constitution and conformation in metallo-supramolecular self-assembled polygons. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12089-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10621j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Brusilowskij B, Schalley CA. Multidentate Pyridyl-Based Ligands in the Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Palladium Metallo-Macrocycles. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Angurell I, Ferrer M, Gutiérrez A, Martínez M, Rodríguez L, Rossell O, Engeser M. Antisymbiotic Self-Assembly and Dynamic Behavior of Metallamacrocycles with Allylic Corners. Chemistry 2010; 16:13960-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Wang M, Zheng YR, Ghosh K, Stang PJ. Metallosupramolecular tetragonal prisms via multicomponent coordination-driven template-free self-assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6282-3. [PMID: 20405914 PMCID: PMC2871951 DOI: 10.1021/ja100889h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a general strategy for the synthesis of stable 3-D metallosupramolecular tetragonal prisms in which multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly allows for single supramolecular species to be formed. The appropriate stoichiometric combination of a tetraphenylethylene-based tetratopic donor (1), a linear dipyridine donor (2), and a 90 degrees platinum metal complex (3) affords tetragonal prisms (4) as single products. The compounds have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The size of the supramolecules was determined by pulsed-gradient spin-echo NMR and modeled with molecular force field simulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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29
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Zhao L, Ghosh K, Zheng YR, Stang PJ. Construction of endo-functionalized two dimensional metallacycles via coordination-driven self-assembly. J Org Chem 2010; 74:8516-21. [PMID: 19835395 DOI: 10.1021/jo9019607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of three endofunctionalized two-dimensional supramolecular metallacycles including two [2 + 2] rhomboids (5 and 6) and a [3 + 3] hexagon (7) is reported. The resulting self-assembled supramolecular structures, containing several nitrobenzyl moieties at their interior surface, have been fully characterized by multinuclear NMR ((31)P and (1)H) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. A significant C-H...O hydrogen bonding between the nitrobenzyl acceptor and the edge molecules of the supramolecular architecture is observed in the small rhomboid 5 and this interaction gradually decreases upon the enlargement of the resulting polygonal structures from a small rhomboid 5 through a large rhomboid 6 to a hexagon 7. Molecular modeling with the MMFF force field gives a possible conformation of each self-assembly in different solvents and shows that the hydrophilic nitrobenzyl moiety prefers to be buried in the cavity of the resulting polygonal structures in nonpolar solvents, thus forming hydrogen bonds with the peripheral component building units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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30
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Maran U, Britt D, Fox CB, Harris JM, Orendt AM, Conley H, Davis R, Hlady V, Stang PJ. Self-assembly of a triangle-shaped, hexaplatinum-incorporated, supramolecular amphiphile in solution and at interfaces. Chemistry 2009; 15:8566-8577. [PMID: 19655346 PMCID: PMC2765193 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly and characterization of a novel supramolecular amphiphile built from a new 60 degree amphiphilic precursor that incorporates hydrophilic platinum(II) metals and hydrophobic dioctadecyloxy chains is reported. The amphiphilic macrocycle and its precursor compound have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, and other standard techniques. The coacervate morphology of the amphiphile at the liquid-liquid interface has been studied by using confocal optical microscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy. The self-assembly of the amphiphilic macrocycle at the air-water interface has been investigated through Langmuir-trough techniques. The study indicates the possible formation of surface micelle-like aggregates. The disparity between the experimental molecular areas and those derived from molecular models support the idea of aggregation. AFM images of the surface aggregates show the formation of a flat topology with arbitrary ridgelike patterns. Reasonable molecular-packing arrangements are proposed to explain the molecular organization within the observed structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umamageswaran Maran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 (USA), Fax: (+1)801-581-8433
| | - David Britt
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Utah 84322 (USA)
| | | | - Joel M. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 (USA), Fax: (+1)801-581-8433
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Utah 84112 (USA)
| | - Anita M. Orendt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 (USA), Fax: (+1)801-581-8433
- Centre for High Performance Computing, University of Utah, Utah 84112 (USA)
| | - Hiram Conley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Utah 84602 (USA)
| | - Robert Davis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Utah 84602 (USA)
| | - Vladamir Hlady
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Utah 84112 (USA)
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 (USA), Fax: (+1)801-581-8433
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31
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Zheng YR, Stang PJ. Direct and quantitative characterization of dynamic ligand exchange between coordination-driven self-assembled supramolecular polygons. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:3487-9. [PMID: 19243144 DOI: 10.1021/ja809788x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The direct observation of dynamic ligand exchange between Pt-N coordination-driven self-assembled supramolecular polygons (triangles and rectangles) has been achieved using stable (1)H/(2)D isotope labeling of the pyridyl donors and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with NMR spectroscopy. Both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of such exchange processes have been established on the basis of quantitative mass spectral results. Further investigation has shown that the exchange is highly dependent on experimental conditions such as temperature, solvent, and the counteranions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Rong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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32
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Abstract
My sojourn from classical physical-organic chemistry and solvolysis to self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry, over the last forty years, is described. My contributions to unsaturated reactive intermediates, namely vinyl cations and unsaturated carbenes, along with my decade-long involvement with polyvalent iodine chemistry, especially alkynyliodonium salts, as well as my more recent research with metal-ligand, coordination driven, and directed self-assembly of finite supramolecular ensembles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Stang
- University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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34
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Brusilowskij B, Neubacher S, Schalley CA. A double intramolecular cage contraction within a self-assembled metallo-supramolecular bowl. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:785-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b819412b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Abstract
Coordination-driven self-assembly via the directional-bonding approach utilizes rigid transition metal acceptors and electron-rich donors to allow for complex, nanoscale 2D polygons and 3D polyhedra to be prepared under mild conditions and in high yields. To ensure proper rigidity and directionality, many acceptor and donor precursors contain largely carbon-rich aromatic and/or acetylenic moieties. This article introduces self-assembly as an alternative means of synthesizing carbon-rich materials and discusses the development, design, synthesis, and applications of carbon-rich supramolecular metallacycles and metallacages as well as the self-assembly of new diastereomeric carbon-rich supramolecular triangles.
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36
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Zhao L, Northrop BH, Zheng YR, Yang HB, Lee HJ, Lee YM, Park JY, Chi KW, Stang PJ. Self-selection in the self-assembly of isomeric supramolecular squares from unsymmetrical bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene ligands. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6580-6. [PMID: 18683976 PMCID: PMC2621067 DOI: 10.1021/jo800957r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new approach wherein steric interactions between substituents of unsymmetrical bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene ligands dictate the self-selection of single isomers of [4 + 4] self-assembled squares is presented. Each [4 + 4] self-assembly is characterized by multinuclear (31)P and (1)H NMR spectroscopies and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. NMR spectroscopic studies are used to provide a means of evaluating the efficiency of bulky substituents at proximal or remote positions relative to the Pt-N bonding motif to direct self-selection. Molecular modeling using the MMFF force field is utilized to determine the relative energy of different isomers of each assembly, and modeling results reasonably explain the trend in self-selectivity with varying pyridyl substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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37
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Caskey DC, Yamamoto T, Addicott C, Shoemaker RK, Vacek J, Hawkridge AM, Muddiman DC, Kottas GS, Michl J, Stang PJ. Coordination-driven face-directed self-assembly of trigonal prisms. Face-based conformational chirality. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7620-8. [PMID: 18491898 PMCID: PMC5827968 DOI: 10.1021/ja710715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The coordination-driven self-assembly of four different trigonal prisms from 3 equiv of one of four different tetrapyridyl star connectors and 6 equiv of a platinum linker dication in nitromethane is presented. This face-directed approach affords high yields without template assistance. The prisms have been characterized by multinuclear and DOSY NMR and dual ESI-FT-ICR mass spectrometry. The use of a conformationally chiral star connector leads to a conformationally chiral prism when connector arm ends attached to a vertex have a strongly correlated twist sense and chirality is communicated across polyhedral faces, edges, and vertices. Molecular mechanics results suggest that in the smallest prism 3d collective effects dominate and the all-P and all-M conformers are strongly favored. NMR data prove that the two edges of the pyridine rings in the triflate salts of 3a-3d are distinct. An Eyring plot of rates obtained from line-shape analysis and 1-D EXCHSY NMR yields an activation enthalpy DeltaH(double dagger) of approximately 12 kcal/mol and activation entropy DeltaS(double dagger) of approximately -15 cal/mol x K for the edge interconversion process, compatible with pyridine rotation around the Pt-N bond. For 3c, this behavior is observed only up to approximately 318 K. At higher temperatures, the Eyring plot is again linear but follows a very different straight line, with a DeltaH(double dagger) of approximately 35 kcal/mol and DeltaS(double dagger) of approximately 60 cal/mol x K. This highly unusual result is further investigated and discussed in the following companion paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C Caskey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
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