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Kunuku S, Lin BR, Chen CH, Chang CH, Chen TY, Hsiao TY, Yu HK, Chang YJ, Liao LC, Chen FH, Bogdanowicz R, Niu H. Nanodiamonds Doped with Manganese for Applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4398-4409. [PMID: 36743038 PMCID: PMC9893453 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are emerging with great potential in biomedical applications like biomarking through fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), targeted drug delivery, and cancer therapy. The magnetic and optical properties of NDs could be tuned by selective doping. Therefore, we report multifunctional manganese-incorporated NDs (Mn-NDs) fabricated by Mn ion implantation. The fluorescent properties of Mn-NDs were tuned by inducing the defects by ion implantation and enhancing the residual nitrogen vacancy density achieved by a two-step annealing process. The cytotoxicity of Mn-NDs was investigated using NCTC clone 929 cells, and the results revealed no cytotoxicity effect. Mn-NDs have demonstrated dual mode contrast enhancement for both T 1- and T 2-weighted in vitro MR imaging. Furthermore, Mn-NDs have illustrated a significant increase in longitudinal relaxivity (fivefold) and transversal relaxivity (17-fold) compared to the as-received NDs. Mn-NDs are employed to investigate their ability for in vivo MR imaging by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of Mn-NDs into mice with liver tumors. After 2.5 h of ip injection, the enhancement of contrast in T 1- and T 2-weighted images has been observed via the accumulation of Mn-NDs in liver tumors of mice. Therefore, Mn-NDs have great potential for in vivo imaging by MR imaging in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasu Kunuku
- Department
of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications
and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Gdańsk 80233, Poland
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Lin
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsu Chen
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Chang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yuang Chen
- Health
Physics Division, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Hsiao
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kai Yu
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- Bioresource
Collection and Research Center, Food Industry
Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu 300193, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chuan Liao
- Bioresource
Collection and Research Center, Food Industry
Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu 300193, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Hsin Chen
- Institute
of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Department
of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications
and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Gdańsk 80233, Poland
| | - Huan Niu
- Accelerator
Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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2
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Characteristics of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Membranes Containing Carbon Nanotubes with Increased Iron-Encapsulated Content for CO2 Separation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020132. [PMID: 35207053 PMCID: PMC8875983 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel inorganic–organic hybrid membranes Fe@MWCNT/PPO or Fe@MWCNT-OH/SPPO (with a new type of CNTs characterized by increased iron content 5.80 wt%) were synthesized for CO2 separation. The introduction of nanofillers into the polymer matrix has significantly improved the hybrid membrane’s gas transport (D, P, S, and αCO2/N2), magnetic, thermal, and mechanical parameters. It was found that magnetic casting has improved the alignment and dispersion of Fe@MWCNTs. At the same time, CNTs and polymer chemical modification enhanced interphase compatibility and the membrane’s CO2 separation efficiency. The thermo-oxidative stability and mechanical and magnetic parameters of composites were improved by increasing new CNTs loading. Cherazi’s model turned out to be suitable for describing the CO2 transport through analyzed hybrid membranes.
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3
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Berdichevskiy GM, Vasina LV, Ageev SV, Meshcheriakov AA, Galkin MA, Ishmukhametov RR, Nashchekin AV, Kirilenko DA, Petrov AV, Martynova SD, Semenov KN, Sharoyko VV. A comprehensive study of biocompatibility of detonation nanodiamonds. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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4
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Heinl C, Peresypkina E, Balázs G, Mädl E, Virovets AV, Scheer M. The Missing Parent Compound [(C 5 H 5 )Fe(η 5 -P 5 )]: Synthesis, Characterization, Coordination Behavior and Encapsulation. Chemistry 2021; 27:7542-7548. [PMID: 33543820 PMCID: PMC8252565 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The so far missing parent compound of the large family of pentaphosphaferrocenes [CpFe(η5 -P5 )] (1 b) was synthesized by the thermolysis of [CpFe(CO)2 ]2 with P4 using the very high-boiling solvent diisopropylbenzene. It was comprehensively characterized by, inter alia, NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray structure analysis, cyclic voltammetry and DFT computations. Moreover, its coordination behavior towards CuI halides was explored, revealing the unprecedented 2D polymeric networks [{CpFe(η5:1:1:1:1 -P5 )}Cu2 (μ-X)2 ]n (2 a: X=Cl, 2 b: X=Br) and [{CpFe(η5:1:1 -P5 )}Cu(μ-I)]n (3) and even the first cyclo-P5 -containing 3D coordination polymer [{CpFe(η5:1:1 -P5 )}Cu(μ-I)]n (4). The sandwich complex 1 b can also be incorporated in nano-sized supramolecules based on [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )] (1 a) and CuX (X=Cl, Br, I): [CpFe(η5 -P5 )]@[{Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )}12 (CuX)20-n ] (5 a: X=Cl, n=2.4; 5 b: X=Br, n=2.4; 5 c: X=I, n=0.95). Thereby, the formation of the CuI-containing fullerene-like sphere 5 c is found for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Heinl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Eugenia Peresypkina
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Eric Mädl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | | | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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5
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Yakovlev RY, Mingalev PG, Leonidov NB, Lisichkin GV. Detonation Nanodiamonds as Promising Drug Carriers. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan P. Goss
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Ben L. Green
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul W. May
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Mark E. Newton
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Chloe V. Peaker
- Gemological Institute of America, 50 West 47th Street, New York, New York 10036, United States
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7
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Fang Y, Xing C, Zhan S, Zhao M, Li M, Liu H, Wang C. Multifunctional Magnetic-Fluorescent Nanoparticle: Fabrication, Bioimaging, and Potential Antibacterial Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6779-6793. [PMID: 33423471 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic-fluorescent nanoparticles integrating imaging and therapeutic capabilities have unparalleled advantages in the biomedical applications. Apart from the dual ability of unique biomolecular fluorescent recognition and magnetic modes, the nanoparticle also endows combined effective therapies with high physiological stability, long-term imaging, rapid response time, and excellent circulation ability. Herein, we developed a carboxyl-functionalized magnetic nanoparticle that was further functionalized by polydopamine (PDA) and Schiff base ligand (3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone, HL) to form multilayered coating single nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PDA@HL). Our work showed that the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect could be produced by embedding In3+ into the Fe3O4@PDA@HL nanostructure, which offered a new opportunity for utilization as a fluorescent detection and therapeutic platform. Cellular fluorescent imaging experiments provided bacterial cell biodistribution, demonstrating their excellent luminescent performance, magnetic aggregation, and separation capability. We simultaneously confirmed that the synergistic antibacterial effect was closely related to both Fe3O4@PDA@HL and In3+, leading to the disruption of membrane integrity and the leakage of intracellular components, thus inducing bacterial death. This approach presented in our work could promote the development of future bioimaging and clinical therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Cuili Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Shixia Zhan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Chunzhang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalates, Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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8
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Panwar N, Soehartono AM, Chan KK, Zeng S, Xu G, Qu J, Coquet P, Yong KT, Chen X. Nanocarbons for Biology and Medicine: Sensing, Imaging, and Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9559-9656. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Panwar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Alana Mauluidy Soehartono
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kok Ken Chan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Philippe Coquet
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- Institut d’Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), CNRS UMR 8520—Université de Lille, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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9
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Targeting EGFR of triple-negative breast cancer enhances the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel- and cetuximab-conjugated nanodiamond nanocomposite. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:395-405. [PMID: 30660004 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). However, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed in most of the TNBCs, which may provide a potential target for EGFR targeting therapy. Nanodiamond (ND) is a carbon-based nanomaterial with several advantages, including fluorescence emission, biocompatibility, and drug delivery applications. In this study, we designed a nanocomposite by using ND conjugated with paclitaxel (PTX) and cetuximab (Cet) for targeting therapy on the EGFR-positive TNBC cells. ND-PTX inhibited cell viability and induced mitotic catastrophe in various human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and BT474); in contrast, ND alone did not induce cell death. ND-PTX inhibited the xenografted human breast tumors in nude mice. We further investigated ND-PTX-Cet drug efficacy on the TNBC of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. ND-PTX-Cet could specifically bind to EGFR and enhanced the anticancer effects including drug uptake levels, mitotic catastrophe, and apoptosis in the EGFR-expressed MDA-MB-231 cells but not in the EGFR-negative MCF-7 cells. In addition, ND-PTX-Cet increased the protein levels of active caspase-3 and phospho-histone H3 (Ser10). Furthermore, ND-PTX-Cet showed more effective on the reduction of TNBC tumor volume by comparison with ND-PTX. Taken together, these results demonstrated that ND-PTX-Cet nanocomposite enhanced mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis by targeting EGFR of TNBC cells, which can provide a feasible strategy for TNBC therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Current TNBC treatment is ineffective against the survival rate of TNBC patients. Therefore, the development of new treatment strategies for TNBC patients is urgently needed. Here, we have designed a nanocomposite by targeting on the EGFR of TNBC to enhance therapeutic efficacy by ND-conjugated PTX and Cet (ND-PTX-Cet). Interestingly, we found that the co-delivery of Cet and PTX by ND enhanced the apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe and tumor inhibition in the EGFR-expressed TNBC in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, this nanocomposite ND-PTX-Cet can be applied for targeting EGFR of human TNBC therapy.
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10
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Kharissova OV, Oliva González CM, Kharisov BI. Solubilization and Dispersion of Carbon Allotropes in Water and Non-aqueous Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V. Kharissova
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Universidad, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | | | - Boris I. Kharisov
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave. Universidad, 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
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11
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Zhang Y, Wu M, Wu M, Zhu J, Zhang X. Multifunctional Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: Applications in Biomolecular Imaging and Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9126-9145. [PMID: 31459047 PMCID: PMC6644613 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging has been widely used not only as an important detection technology in the field of medical imaging for cancer diagnosis but also as a theranostic approach for cancer in recent years. Multifunctional carbon-based nanomaterials (MCBNs), characterized by unparalleled optical, electronic, and thermal properties, have attracted increasing interest and demonstrably hold the greatest promise in biomolecular imaging and therapy. As such, it should come as no surprise that MCBNs have already revealed a great deal of potential applications in biomedical areas, such as bioimaging, drug delivery, and tumor therapy. Carbon nanomaterials can be categorized as graphene, single-walled carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon, nanodiamonds, fullerenes, or carbon dots on the basis of their morphologies. In this article, reports of the use of MCBNs in various chemical conjugation/functionalization strategies, focusing on their applications in cancer molecular imaging and imaging-guided therapy, will be comprehensively summarized. MCBNs show the possibility to serve as optimal candidates for precise cancer biotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Wu
- Department
of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University
Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for
Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory
of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P. R.
China
| | - Mingjie Wu
- Institut
National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux
et Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech
University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
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12
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Chipaux M, van der Laan KJ, Hemelaar SR, Hasani M, Zheng T, Schirhagl R. Nanodiamonds and Their Applications in Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704263. [PMID: 29573338 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Diamonds owe their fame to a unique set of outstanding properties. They combine a high refractive index, hardness, great stability and inertness, and low electrical but high thermal conductivity. Diamond defects have recently attracted a lot of attention. Given this unique list of properties, it is not surprising that diamond nanoparticles are utilized for numerous applications. Due to their hardness, they are routinely used as abrasives. Their small and uniform size qualifies them as attractive carriers for drug delivery. The stable fluorescence of diamond defects allows their use as stable single photon sources or biolabels. The magnetic properties of the defects make them stable spin qubits in quantum information. This property also allows their use as a sensor for temperature, magnetic fields, electric fields, or strain. This Review focuses on applications in cells. Different diamond materials and the special requirements for the respective applications are discussed. Methods to chemically modify the surface of diamonds and the different hurdles one has to overcome when working with cells, such as entering the cells and biocompatibility, are described. Finally, the recent developments and applications in labeling, sensing, drug delivery, theranostics, antibiotics, and tissue engineering are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayeul Chipaux
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kiran J van der Laan
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon R Hemelaar
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Masoumeh Hasani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, 518036, Shenzhen, China
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AW, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lin BR, Chen CH, Kunuku S, Chen TY, Hsiao TY, Niu H, Lee CP. Fe Doped Magnetic Nanodiamonds Made by Ion Implantation as Contrast Agent for MRI. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7058. [PMID: 29728582 PMCID: PMC5935723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report in this paper a new MRI contrast agent based on magnetic nanodiamonds fabricated by Fe ion implantation. The Fe atoms that are implanted into the nanodiamonds are not in direct contact with the outside world, enabling this new contrast agent to be free from cell toxicity. The image enhancement was shown clearly through T2 weighted images. The concentration dependence of the T2 relaxation time gives a relaxivity value that is about seven times that of the regular non-magnetic nanodiamonds. Cell viability study has also been performed. It was shown that they were nearly free from cytotoxicity independent of the particle concentration used. The imaging capability demonstrated here adds a new dimension to the medical application of nanodiamonds. In the future one will be able to combine this capability of magnetic nanodiamonds with other functions through surface modifications to perform drug delivery, targeted therapy, localized thermal treatment and diagnostic imaging at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Rong Lin
- Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsu Chen
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasu Kunuku
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yuang Chen
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Hsiao
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huan Niu
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ping Lee
- Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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14
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Ibrahim M, Xue Y, Ostermann M, Sauter A, Steinmueller-Nethl D, Schweeberg S, Krueger A, Cimpan MR, Mustafa K. In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of nanodiamond particles and their osteogenic potential. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1697-1707. [PMID: 29451353 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds functionalized with nanodiamond particles (nDP) hold great promise with regard to bone tissue formation in animal models. Degradation of the scaffolds over time may leave nDP within the tissues, raising concerns about possible long-term unwanted effects. Human SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells and U937 monoblastoid cells were exposed to five different concentrations (0.002-2 mg/L) of nDP (size range: 2.36-4.42 nm) for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by impedance-based methods. The differential expression of stress and toxicity-related genes was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) super-array, while the expression of selected inflammatory and cell death markers was determined by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Furthermore, the expression of osteogenic genes by SaOS-2 cells, alkaline phosphatase activity and the extracellular calcium nodule deposition in response to nDP were determined in vitro. Cells responded differently to higher nDP concentrations (≥0.02 mg/L), that is, no loss of viability for SaOS-2 cells and significantly reduced viability for U937 cells. Gene expression showed significant upregulation of several cell death and inflammatory markers, among other toxicity reporter genes, indicating inflammatory and cytotoxic responses in U937 cells. Nanodiamond particles improved the osteogenicity of osteoblast-like cells with no evident cytotoxicity. However, concentration-dependent cytotoxic and inflammatory responses were seen in the U937 cells, negatively affecting osteogenicity in co-cultures. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1697-1707, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Melanie Ostermann
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alexander Sauter
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Sarah Schweeberg
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anke Krueger
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mihaela R Cimpan
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Co-delivery of paclitaxel and cetuximab by nanodiamond enhances mitotic catastrophe and tumor inhibition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9814. [PMID: 28852020 PMCID: PMC5575327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor intracellular uptake and non-specific binding of anticancer drugs into cancer cells are the bottlenecks in cancer therapy. Nanocarrier platforms provide the opportunities to improve the drug efficacy. Here we show a carbon-based nanomaterial nanodiamond (ND) that carried paclitaxel (PTX), a microtubule inhibitor, and cetuximab (Cet), a specific monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), inducing mitotic catastrophe and tumor inhibition in human colorectal cancer (CRC). ND-PTX blocked the mitotic progression, chromosomal separation, and induced apoptosis in the CRC cells; however, NDs did not induce these effects. Conjugation of ND-PTX with Cet (ND-PTX-Cet) was specifically binding to the EGFR-positive CRC cells and enhanced the mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis induction. Besides, ND-PTX-Cet markedly decreased tumor size in the xenograft EGFR-expressed human CRC tumors of nude mice. Moreover, ND-PTX-Cet induced the mitotic marker protein phospho-histone 3 (Ser10) and apoptotic protein active-caspase 3 for mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the co-delivery of PTX and Cet by ND enhanced the effects of mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, which may be applied in the human CRC therapy.
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16
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Synthesis of amphiphilic fluorescent copolymers with smart pH sensitivity via RAFT polymerization and their application in cell imaging. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-1969-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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17
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Chen X, Zhang W. Diamond nanostructures for drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:734-760. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00109b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the superior properties of diamond nanoparticles and vertically aligned diamond nanoneedles and their applications in biosensing, bioimaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Chen
- Institute for Bioengineering
- School of Engineering
- The University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh EH9 3JL
- UK
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- China
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18
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Xiao A, Wang C, Chen J, Guo R, Yan Z, Chen J. Carbon and Metal Quantum Dots toxicity on the microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:211-7. [PMID: 27467021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we investigated the cytotoxicity of two types of quantum dots(QDs) (carbon quantum dots(CQDs): N, S doped CQDs, N doped CQDs, no doped CQDs; metal QDs(MQDs): CdTe QDs, CdS QDs, CuInS2/ZnS QDs) on Chlorella pyrenoidosa(C. Pyrenoidosa) at different concentrations. We compared the toxicity of different QDs on C. Pyrenoidosa through determination of the algal growth inhibition, acute toxicity tests (EC50), Chlorophyll a(Chla) contents, protein contents, the activity of enzymatic and metabolites contents. When C. Pyrenoidosa was treated by various concentrations of QDs, the Chla contents were consistent to the number of algae cells, showing a good dose-response relationship. At the 96h, the EC50 of N, S doped CQDs, N doped CQDs, no doped CQDs and CdTe QDs, CdS QDs, CuInS2/ZnS QDs were 38.56, 185.83, 232.47, 0.015, 4.88, 459.5mg/l, respectively. The toxicity order of them was: CuInS2/ZnS QDs<no doped CQDs<N doped CQDs<N,S doped CQDs<CdS QDs<CdTe QDs. The activity of antioxidant enzymatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) was enhanced and the non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathion (GSH) level was decreased with the increasing of QDs concentration, respectively. The accumulation of Malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation caused by reactive oxygen species(ROS), was enhanced when algae were exposed to QDs. In conclusion, the toxicity of CQDs was smaller than MQDs, but the toxicity of CuInS2/ZnS QDs was the smallest.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Xiao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Yan
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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19
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Combinatorial nanodiamond in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Ansari SA, Satar R, Jafri MA, Rasool M, Ahmad W, Kashif Zaidi S. Role of Nanodiamonds in Drug Delivery and Stem Cell Therapy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 14:130-141. [PMID: 28959329 PMCID: PMC5492243 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The use of nanotechnology in medicine and more specifically drug delivery is set to spread rapidly. Currently many substances are under investigation for drug delivery and more specifically for cancer therapy. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Nanodiamonds (NDs) have contributed significantly in the development of highly efficient and successful drug delivery systems, and in stem cell therapy. Drug delivery through NDs is an intricate and complex process that deserves special attention to unravel underlying molecular mechanisms in order to overcome certain bottlenecks associated with it. It has already been established that NDs based drug delivery systems have excellent biocompatibility, nontoxicity, photostability and facile surface functionalization properties. RESULTS There is mounting evidence that suggests that such conjugated delivery systems well retain the properties of nanoparticles like small size, large surface area to volume ratio that provide greater biocatalytic activity to the attached drug in terms of selectivity, loading and stability. CONCLUSIONS NDs based drug delivery systems may form the basis for the development of effective novel drug delivery vehicles with salient features that may facilitate their utility in fluorescence imaging, target specificity and sustainedrelease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmed Ansari
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rukhsana Satar
- Department of Biochemistry, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah-21418, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alam Jafri
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Ahmad
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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21
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Bartelmess J, Quinn SJ, Giordani S. Carbon nanomaterials: multi-functional agents for biomedical fluorescence and Raman imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 44:4672-98. [PMID: 25406743 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00306c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbon based nanomaterials have emerged over the last few years as important agents for biomedical fluorescence and Raman imaging applications. These spectroscopic techniques utilize either fluorescently labelled carbon nanomaterials or the intrinsic photophysical properties of the carbon nanomaterial. In this review article we present the utilization and performance of several classes of carbon nanomaterials, namely carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanoonions, nanodiamonds and different graphene derivatives, which are currently employed for in vitro as well as in vivo imaging in biology and medicine. A variety of different approaches, imaging agents and techniques are examined and the specific properties of the various carbon based imaging agents are discussed. Some theranostic carbon nanomaterials, which combine diagnostic features (i.e. imaging) with cell specific targeting and therapeutic approaches (i.e. drug delivery or photothermal therapy), are also included in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bartelmess
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Nano Carbon Materials, Nanophysics Department, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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22
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Bhattacharya A, Chatterjee S, Prajapati R, Mukherjee TK. Size-dependent penetration of carbon dots inside the ferritin nanocages: evidence for the quantum confinement effect in carbon dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:12833-40. [PMID: 25906758 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00543d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The origin of the excitation wavelength (λex)-dependent photoluminescence (PL) of carbon dots (CDs) is poorly understood and still remains obscured. This phenomenon is often explained on the basis of surface trap/defect states, while the effect of quantum confinement is highly neglected in the literature. Here, we have shown that the λex-dependent PL of CDs is mainly due to the inhomogeneous size distribution. We have demonstrated the λex-dependent PL quenching of CDs inside the ferritin nanocages through selective optical excitation of differently sized CDs. It has been observed that Fe(3+) ions of ferritin effectively quench the PL of CDs due to static electron transfer, which is driven by favorable electrostatic interactions. However, control experiment with aqueous Fe(3+) ions in bulk medium revealed λex-independent PL quenching of CDs. The λex-dependent PL quenching of CDs by Fe(3+) ions of ferritin has been rationalized on the basis of a different extent of accessibility of Fe(3+) ions by differently sized CDs through the funnel-shaped ferritin channels. PL microscopy of individual CDs has been performed to get further information about their inherent PL properties at single dot resolution. Our results have shown that these hydrophilic CDs can be used as potential iron sensors in biological macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Bhattacharya
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, M-Block, IET-DAVV Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452017, M.P., India.
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23
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Impairing the radioresistance of cancer cells by hydrogenated nanodiamonds. Biomaterials 2015; 61:290-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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24
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Hong G, Diao S, Antaris AL, Dai H. Carbon Nanomaterials for Biological Imaging and Nanomedicinal Therapy. Chem Rev 2015; 115:10816-906. [PMID: 25997028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 825] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shuo Diao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alexander L Antaris
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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25
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Microwave-assisted efficient conjugation of nanodiamond and paclitaxel. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2074-7. [PMID: 25890802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanodiamond has recently received considerable attention due to the various possible applications in medical field such as drug delivery and bio-labeling. For this purpose suitable and effective surface functionalization of the diamond material are required. A versatile and reproducible surface modification method of nanoscale diamond is essential for functionalization. We introduce the input of microwave energy to assist the functionalization of nanodiamond surface. The feasibility of such a process is illustrated by comparing the biological assay of ND-paclitaxel synthesized by conventional and microwave irradiating. Using a microwave we manage to have approximately doubled grafted molecules per nanoparticle of nanodiamond.
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26
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Montalti M, Cantelli A, Battistelli G. Nanodiamonds and silicon quantum dots: ultrastable and biocompatible luminescent nanoprobes for long-term bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4853-921. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00486h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-stability and low-toxicity of silicon quantum dots and fluorescent nanodiamonds for long-termin vitroandin vivobioimaging are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Montalti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - A. Cantelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - G. Battistelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
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27
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The effect of fluorescent nanodiamonds on neuronal survival and morphogenesis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6919. [PMID: 25370150 PMCID: PMC4220284 DOI: 10.1038/srep06919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamond (ND) has emerged as a promising carbon nanomaterial for therapeutic applications. In previous studies, ND has been reported to have outstanding biocompatibility and high uptake rate in various cell types. ND containing nitrogen-vacancy centers exhibit fluorescence property is called fluorescent nanodiamond (FND), and has been applied for bio-labeling agent. However, the influence and application of FND on the nervous system remain elusive. In order to study the compatibility of FND on the nervous system, neurons treated with FNDs in vitro and in vivo were examined. FND did not induce cytotoxicity in primary neurons from either central (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS); neither did intracranial injection of FND affect animal behavior. The neuronal uptake of FNDs was confirmed using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. However, FND caused a concentration-dependent decrease in neurite length in both CNS and PNS neurons. Time-lapse live cell imaging showed that the reduction of neurite length was due to the spatial hindrance of FND on advancing axonal growth cone. These findings demonstrate that FNDs exhibit low neuronal toxicity but interfere with neuronal morphogenesis, and should be taken into consideration when applications involve actively growing neurites (e.g. nerve regeneration).
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28
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Monaco AM, Giugliano M. Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1849-63. [PMID: 25383297 PMCID: PMC4222354 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The search for advanced biomimetic materials that are capable of offering a scaffold for biological tissues during regeneration or of electrically connecting artificial devices with cellular structures to restore damaged brain functions is at the forefront of interdisciplinary research in materials science. Bioactive nanoparticles for drug delivery, substrates for nerve regeneration and active guidance, as well as supramolecular architectures mimicking the extracellular environment to reduce inflammatory responses in brain implants, are within reach thanks to the advancements in nanotechnology. In particular, carbon-based nanostructured materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanodiamonds (NDs), have demonstrated to be highly promising materials for designing and fabricating nanoelectrodes and substrates for cell growth, by virtue of their peerless optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. In this review we discuss the state-of-the-art in the applications of nanomaterials in biological and biomedical fields, with a particular emphasis on neuroengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina M Monaco
- Theoretical Neurobiology and Neuroengineering Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Michele Giugliano
- Theoretical Neurobiology and Neuroengineering Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Brain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, S1 4DP Sheffield, UK
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29
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Transferrin-conjugated nanodiamond as an intracellular transporter of chemotherapeutic drug and targeting therapy for cancer cells. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:511-24. [PMID: 24998271 DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM PEGylated fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) conjugated with Tf (FND-PEG-Tf) was investigated for targeted drug delivery. MATERIALS & METHODS Human hepatoma (HepG2) and normal (L-02) cell lines were used to investigate the difference in cellular uptake of FND-PEG-Tf and its loading drug system. Nanoparticle uptake was evaluated by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy. RESULTS FND-PEG-Tf showed highly specific TfR-mediated uptake by HepG2 cells, relative to negative controls (L-02 cell), which was a strong correlation among TfR density on the cell surface. The mechanism of TfR-mediated uptake was attested by free Tf with Fe³⁺ as a competitive agent. The difference in cell viability between L-02 and HepG2 cells treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) nanoparticles (FND-PEG-Tf-DOX) can be explained by FND-PEG-Tf, which can target drug delivery to cancer cells. CONCLUSION FND-PEG-Tf can potentially be utilized in targeted cancer cell imaging and effective drug delivery for cancer therapy.
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30
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Hsu MH, Chuang H, Cheng FY, Huang YP, Han CC, Chen JY, Huang SC, Chen JK, Wu DS, Chu HL, Chang CC. Directly thiolated modification onto the surface of detonation nanodiamonds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:7198-203. [PMID: 24766528 DOI: 10.1021/am500324z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for modifying the surface of detonation nanodiamonds (5 and 100 nm) with thiol groups (-SH) by using an organic chemistry strategy is presented herein. Thiolated nanodiamonds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, and the atomic percentage of sulfur was analyzed by elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conjugation between thiolated nanodiamonds and gold nanoparticles was elucidated by transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis spectrometry. Moreover, the material did not show significant cytotoxicity to the human lung carcinoma cell line and may prospectively be applied in bioconjugated technology. The new method that we elucidated may significantly improve the approach to surface modification of detonation nanodiamonds and build up a new platform for the application of nanodiamonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Hsu
- Nuclear Science & Technology Development Center and ‡Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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31
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Yang Q, Wang K, Nie J, Du B, Tang G. Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidinone) Microgels: Preparation, Biocompatibility, and Potential Application as Drug Carriers. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2285-93. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5004493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingjing Nie
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binyang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guping Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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32
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Labeling of neuronal differentiation and neuron cells with biocompatible fluorescent nanodiamonds. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5004. [PMID: 24830447 PMCID: PMC4023134 DOI: 10.1038/srep05004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamond is a promising carbon nanomaterial developed for biomedical applications. Here, we show fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) with the biocompatible properties that can be used for the labeling and tracking of neuronal differentiation and neuron cells derived from embryonal carcinoma stem (ECS) cells. The fluorescence intensities of FNDs were increased by treatment with FNDs in both the mouse P19 and human NT2/D1 ECS cells. FNDs were taken into ECS cells; however, FNDs did not alter the cellular morphology and growth ability. Moreover, FNDs did not change the protein expression of stem cell marker SSEA-1 of ECS cells. The neuronal differentiation of ECS cells could be induced by retinoic acid (RA). Interestingly, FNDs did not affect on the morphological alteration, cytotoxicity and apoptosis during the neuronal differentiation. Besides, FNDs did not alter the cell viability and the expression of neuron-specific marker β-III-tubulin in these differentiated neuron cells. The existence of FNDs in the neuron cells can be identified by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Together, FND is a biocompatible and readily detectable nanomaterial for the labeling and tracking of neuronal differentiation process and neuron cells from stem cells.
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33
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Gaillard C, Girard HA, Falck C, Paget V, Simic V, Ugolin N, Bergonzo P, Chevillard S, Arnault JC. Peptide nucleic acid–nanodiamonds: covalent and stable conjugates for DNA targeting. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45158e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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34
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Wang H, Shen J, Li Y, Wei Z, Cao G, Gai Z, Hong K, Banerjee P, Zhou S. Magnetic iron oxide–fluorescent carbon dots integrated nanoparticles for dual-modal imaging, near-infrared light-responsive drug carrier and photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:915-923. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60297d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles described demonstrate great promise towards advanced nanoplatforms for simultaneous imaging diagnostics and high efficacy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- The College of Staten Island
- and The Graduate Center
- The City University of New York
- Staten Island, USA
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Chemistry
- The College of Staten Island
- and The Graduate Center
- The City University of New York
- Staten Island, USA
| | - Yingyu Li
- Department of Chemistry
- The College of Staten Island
- and The Graduate Center
- The City University of New York
- Staten Island, USA
| | - Zengyan Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Hunter College
- The City University of New York
- New York, USA
| | - Guixin Cao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Chemical Science Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Zheng Gai
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Chemical Science Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Chemical Science Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge, USA
| | - Probal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- The College of Staten Island
- and The Graduate Center
- The City University of New York
- Staten Island, USA
| | - Shuiqin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- The College of Staten Island
- and The Graduate Center
- The City University of New York
- Staten Island, USA
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35
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Vankayala R, Kalluru P, Tsai HH, Chiang CS, Hwang KC. Effects of surface functionality of carbon nanomaterials on short-term cytotoxicity and embryonic development in zebrafish. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1038-1047. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21497d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cationic surface functionalities of nanomaterials, such as imidazolium and trimethylammonium ethyl methacrylate, induce strong cytotoxicity in vitro and in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Poliraju Kalluru
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Tsai
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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36
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Perevedentseva E, Lin YC, Jani M, Cheng CL. Biomedical applications of nanodiamonds in imaging and therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:2041-60. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds have attracted remarkable scientific attention for bioimaging and therapeutic applications owing to their low toxicity with many cell lines, convenient surface properties and stable fluorescence without photobleaching. Newer techniques are being applied to enhance fluorescence. Interest is also growing in exploring the possibilities for modifying the nanodiamond surface and functionalities by attaching various biomolecules of interest for interaction with the targets. The potential of Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence properties of nanodiamonds has been explored for bioimaging and drug delivery tracing. The interest in nanodiamonds’ biological/medical application appears to be continuing with enhanced focus. In this review an attempt is made to capture the scope, spirit and recent developments in the field of nanodiamonds for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Perevedentseva
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2 Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Lin
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2 Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Mona Jani
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2 Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2 Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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Ahmed S, Dong J, Yui M, Kato T, Lee J, Park EY. Quantum dots incorporated magnetic nanoparticles for imaging colon carcinoma cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11:28. [PMID: 23957878 PMCID: PMC3751691 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Engineered multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) have made a tremendous impact on the biomedical sciences, with advances in imaging, sensing and bioseparation. In particular, the combination of optical and magnetic responses through a single particle system allows us to serve as novel multimodal molecular imaging contrast agents in clinical settings. Despite of essential medical imaging modalities and of significant clinical application, only few nanocomposites have been developed with dual imaging contrast. A new method for preparing quantum dots (QDs) incorporated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) based on layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly techniques have developed and used for cancer cells imaging. Methods Here, citrate - capped negatively charged Fe3O4 NPs were prepared and coated with positively - charged hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Then, thiol - capped negatively charged CdTe QDs were electrostatically bound with CTAB. Morphological, optical and magnetic properties of the fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) were characterized. Prepared FMNPs were additionally conjugated with hCC49 antibodies fragment antigen binding (Fab) having binding affinity to sialylated sugar chain of TAG-72 region of LS174T cancer cells, which was prepared silkworm expression system, and then were used for imaging colon carcinoma cells. Results The prepared nanocomposites were magnetically responsive and fluorescent, simultaneously that are useful for efficient cellular imaging, optical sensing and magnetic separation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that the particle size is around 50 nm in diameter with inner magnetic core and outer CdTe QDs core-shell structure. Cytotoxicity test of prepared FMNPs indicates high viability in Vero cells. NPs conjugated with anti cancer antibodies were successfully labeled on colon carcinoma cells (LS174) in vitro and showed significant specificity to target cells. Conclusion The present report demonstrates a simple synthesis of CdTe QDs-Fe3O4 NPs. The surface of the prepared FMNPs was enabled simple conjugation to monoclonal antibodies by electrostatic interaction. This property further extended their in vitro applications as cellular imaging contrast agents. Such labeling of cells with new fluorescent-magneto nanoprobes for living detection is of interest to various biomedical applications and has demonstrated the potential for future medical use.
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Reusable sensor based on high magnetization carboxyl-modified graphene oxide with intrinsic hydrogen peroxide catalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide and glucose detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 41:172-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhang X, Wang S, Zhu C, Liu M, Ji Y, Feng L, Tao L, Wei Y. Carbon-dots derived from nanodiamond: photoluminescence tunable nanoparticles for cell imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 397:39-44. [PMID: 23484769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water dispersible carbon-dots (CDs) with tunable photoluminescence were synthesized via one-pot hydrothermal oxidation of nanodiamond and subsequently utilized for cell imaging applications. The CDs were characterized by the following techniques including transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and fluorescent spectroscopy. Results showed that the size of CDs is mainly distributed at 3-7 nm. Many functional groups were introduced on the surface of CDs during hydrothermal oxidation procedure. Cell morphology observation and cell viability measurement demonstrated the good biocompatibility of CDs, suggesting their potential bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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Zhang X, Wang S, Liu M, Hui J, Yang B, Tao L, Wei Y. Surfactant-dispersed nanodiamond: biocompatibility evaluation and drug delivery applications. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tx50021g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Mendes RG, Bachmatiuk A, Büchner B, Cuniberti G, Rümmeli MH. Carbon nanostructures as multi-functional drug delivery platforms. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:401-428. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00085g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Breul AM, Hager MD, Schubert US. Fluorescent monomers as building blocks for dye labeled polymers: synthesis and application in energy conversion, biolabeling and sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5366-407. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zhang Y, Son SJ. Fluorescent Magnetic Silica Nanotubes with High Photostability Prepared by the Conventional Reverse Micro-Emulsion Method. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.12.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang X, Wang S, Xu L, Feng L, Ji Y, Tao L, Li S, Wei Y. Biocompatible polydopamine fluorescent organic nanoparticles: facile preparation and cell imaging. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:5581-4. [PMID: 22864922 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31281f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible fluorescent organic nanoparticles with tunable photoluminescence were prepared via the one-pot oxidation of polydopamine and subsequently utilized for cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Govindaiah P, Hwang T, Yoo H, Kim YS, Lee SJ, Choi SW, Kim JH. Synthesis and characterization of multifunctional Fe3O4/poly(fluorescein O-methacrylate) core/shell nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 379:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lien ZY, Hsu TC, Liu KK, Liao WS, Hwang KC, Chao JI. Cancer cell labeling and tracking using fluorescent and magnetic nanodiamond. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6172-85. [PMID: 22672836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanodiamond, a promising carbon nanomaterial, develops for biomedical applications such as cancer cell labeling and detection. Here, we establish the nanodiamond-bearing cancer cell lines using the fluorescent and magnetic nanodiamond (FMND). Treatment with FMND particles did not significantly induce cytotoxicity and growth inhibition in HFL-1 normal lung fibroblasts and A549 lung cancer cells. The fluorescence intensities and particle complexities were increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner by treatment with FMND particles in lung cancer cells; however, the existence of FMND particles inside the cells did not alter cellular size distribution. The FMND-bearing lung cancer cells could be separated by the fluorescent and magnetic properties of FMNDs using the flow cytometer and magnetic device, respectively. The FMND-bearing cancer cells were identified by the existence of FMNDs using flow cytometer and confocal microscope analysis. More importantly, the cell morphology, viability, growth ability and total protein expression profiles in the FMND-bearing cells were similar to those of the parental cells. The separated FMND-bearing cells with various generations were cryopreservation for further applications. After re-thawing the FMND-bearing cancer cell lines, the cells still retained the cell survival and growth ability. Additionally, a variety of human cancer types including colon (RKO), breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), and bladder (BFTC905) cancer cells could be used the same strategy to prepare the FMND-bearing cancer cells. These results show that the FMND-bearing cancer cell lines, which reserve the parental cell functions, can be applied for specific cancer cell labeling and tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Lien
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
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Kim TH, Kim DH, Sung AY. Nanodiamond Polymer for Strength Improvement of Hydrogel Lens with Refractive Power. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Srivastava S, Awasthi R, Tripathi D, Rai MK, Agarwal V, Agrawal V, Gajbhiye NS, Gupta RK. Magnetic-nanoparticle-doped carbogenic nanocomposite: an effective magnetic resonance/fluorescence multimodal imaging probe. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:1099-1109. [PMID: 22328128 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel and facile approach is developed to synthesize a magnetic nanoparticle (iron oxide)-doped carbogenic nanocomposite (IO-CNC) for magnetic resonance (MR)/fluorescence imaging applications. IO-CNC is synthesized by thermal decomposition of organic precursors in the presence of Fe(3) O(4) nanoparticles with an average size of 6 nm. IO-CNC shows wavelength-tunable fluorescence properties with high quantum yield. Magnetic studies confirm the superparamagnetic nature of IO-CNC at room temperature. IO-CNC shows MR contrast behavior by affecting the proton relaxation phenomena. The measured longitudinal (r(1) ) and transverse (r(2) ) relaxivity values are 4.52 and 34.75 mM(-1) s(-1) , respectively. No apparent cytotoxicity is observed and the nanocomposite shows a biocompatible nature. In vivo MR studies show both T(1) and T(2) * contrast behavior of the nanocomposite. Fluorescence imaging indicates selective uptake of IO-CNC by macrophages in spleen.
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Zhu Y, Li J, Li W, Zhang Y, Yang X, Chen N, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Fan C, Huang Q. The biocompatibility of nanodiamonds and their application in drug delivery systems. Theranostics 2012; 2:302-12. [PMID: 22509196 PMCID: PMC3326739 DOI: 10.7150/thno.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs), as a new member of the carbon nanoparticles family, have attracted more and more attention in biomedicine recently due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. This paper summarizes the main results from the in vitro and in vivo safety assessments of NDs and reports the application of NDs in the development of drug delivery systems. In view of the NDs' characteristics of easy formation of a porous cluster structure in solution, an adsorption model for a variety of functional molecules on the ND clusters is proposed, which provides new ideas for developing a novel smart drug with various features such as sustained-release, targeting, and fluorescence imaging.
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