1
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Liu B, Lv DM, Wang YL, Li WY, Sun YW, Li ZW. Surface Engineering and Programmed Self-Assembly of Silica Nanoparticles with Controllable Polystyrene/Poly(4-vinybenzyl azide) Patches. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6363-6374. [PMID: 38470241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The programmed self-assembly of patchy nanoparticles (NPs) through a bottom-up approach is an efficient strategy for producing highly organized materials with a predetermined architecture. Herein, we report the preparation of di- and trivalent silica NPs with polystyrene (PS)/poly(4-vinylbenzyl azide) (PVBA) patches and assemble them in a THF mixture by lowering the solvent quality. Silica-PS/PVBA colloidal hybrid clusters were synthesized through the seeded growth emulsion copolymerization of styrene and 4-vinylbenzyl azide (VBA) in varying ratios. Subsequently, macromolecules on silica NPs originating from the copolymerization of growing PS or PVBA chains with the surface-grafted MMS compatibilizer are engineered by fine-tuning of polymer compositions or adjustment of solvent qualities. Moreover, multistage silica regrowth of tripod and tetrapod allowed a fine control of the patch-to-particle size ratio ranging from 0.69 to 1.54. Intriguingly, patchy silica NPs (1-, 2-, 3-PSNs) rather than hybrid clusters are successfully used as templates for multistep regrowth experiments, leading to the formation of silica NPs with a new morphology and size controllable PVBA/PS patches. Last but not least, combined with mesoscale dynamics simulations, the self-assembly kinetics of 2-PSN and 3-PSN into linear colloidal polymers and honeycomb-like lattices are studied. This work paves a new avenue for constructing colloidal polymers with a well-defined sequence and colloidal crystals with a predetermined architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Lan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ya Li
- Nouryon Chemicals (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd., No. 1111, West Yashan Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province 314000, China
| | - Yu-Wei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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2
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Balzade Z, Sharif F, Ghaffarian Anbaran SR. Tailor-Made Functional Polyolefins of Complex Architectures: Recent Advances, Applications, and Prospects. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Balzade
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
| | - Farhad Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran
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3
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Wang L, Geng Z, Ho YYL, Zhou J, Judge N, Li Y, Wang W, Liu J, Wang Y. Block Co-PolyMOC Micelles and Structural Synergy as Composite Nanocarriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30546-30556. [PMID: 35748507 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Conventional micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) disassemble into individual polymer chains upon dilution to a critical concentration, which causes the premature release of the encapsulated drugs and reduces the drug's bioavailability. Here, by integrating the emerging metal-organic cage (MOC) materials with BCPs, we introduce a new type of composite micellar nanoparticles, block co-polyMOC micelles (or BCPMMs), that are self-assembled in essence yet remarkably stable against dilution. BCPMMs are fabricated via a stepwise assembly strategy that combines MOCs and BCPs in a well-defined, unimolecular core-shell structure. The synergistical interplay between the two components accounts for the particle stability: the MOC core holds BCPs firmly in place and the BCPs increase the MOC's bioavailability. When used as nanocarriers for anticancer drugs, BCPMMs showed an extended blood circulation, a favorable biodistribution, and eventually an improved treatment efficacy in vivo. Given the versatility in designing MOCs and BCPs, we envision that BCPMMs can serve as a modular platform for robust, multifunctional, and tunable nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhongmin Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yannis Y L Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Nicola Judge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Nanomedicine, Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Nanomedicine, Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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4
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Qu P, Cleveland JW, Ahmed E, Liu F, Dubrawski S, Jones CW, Weck M. Compartmentalisation of molecular catalysts for nonorthogonal tandem catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:57-70. [PMID: 34881750 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00530h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of nonorthogonal tandem catalysis enables the use of a combination of arbitrary catalysts to rapidly synthesize complex products in a substainable, efficient, and timely manner. The key is to compartmentalise the molecular catalysts, thereby overcoming inherent incompatibilities between individual catalysts or reaction conditions. This tutorial review analyses the development of the past two decades in the field of nonorthogonal tandem catalysis with an emphasis on compartmentalisation strategies. We highlight design principles of functional materials for compartmentalisation and suggest future directions in the field of nonorthogonal tandem catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Qu
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Jacob W Cleveland
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, USA.
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Fangbei Liu
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Sage Dubrawski
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, USA.
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003, USA.
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5
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Ding Y, Li J, Liu Y, Jia Q, Chen Y. Synthesis of well-defined ABC2, AB2C3, (ABC2)4, and (ABC2)6 miktoarm star-branched polymers by combining organocatalyzed group transfer polymerization and ring-opening polymerization using multialdehydes as chain linkers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Cai M, Wang X, Fang Y, Chen Y, Dai L. Robust Mg(Ca)Zr-Doped Acid-Base Bifunctional Mesoporous Silica and Their Applications in the Deacetalization-Knoevenagel Reaction. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8924-8935. [PMID: 34101440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of Mg(Ca)Zr-doped acid-base bifunctional mesoporous silica were synthesized to study the impact of the one-step or two-step impregnation method on material structure. The two-step method seems to be a better way to synthesize metal-based functionalized catalyst and their catalytic performance is investigated using deacetalization-Knoevenagel reaction as the probe reaction. The coexisting dual active sites and suitable designing routes endowed highly efficient (Conv. >99.6%, Sel. >99.8%) and robust stability (10 consecutive cycles) of these materials. The present process succeeded in preparing catalysts decorated with acid-base sites by doping acidic and alkali metal species rather than grafting organic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Cai
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yangyang Fang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Liyan Dai
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China
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7
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Yolsal U, Horton TA, Wang M, Shaver MP. Polymer-supported Lewis acids and bases: Synthesis and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Eisenreich F, Meijer EW, Palmans ARA. Amphiphilic Polymeric Nanoparticles for Photoredox Catalysis in Water. Chemistry 2020; 26:10355-10361. [PMID: 32428312 PMCID: PMC7496234 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis has recently emerged as a powerful synthesis tool in organic and polymer chemistry. In contrast to the great achievements realized in organic solvents, performing photocatalytic processes efficiently in aqueous media encounters several challenges. Here, it is presented how amphiphilic single-chain polymeric nanoparticles (SCPNs) can be utilized as small reactors to conduct light-driven chemical reactions in water. By incorporating a phenothiazine (PTH) catalyst into the polymeric scaffold, metal-free reduction and C-C cross-coupling reactions can be carried out upon exposure to UV light under ambient conditions. The versatility of this approach is underlined by a large substrate scope, tolerance towards oxygen, and excellent recyclability. This approach thereby contributes to a sustainable and green way of implementing photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eisenreich
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of, Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of, Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of, Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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9
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Xie Y, Arno MC, Husband JT, Torrent-Sucarrat M, O’Reilly RK. Manipulating the fluorescence lifetime at the sub-cellular scale via photo-switchable barcoding. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2460. [PMID: 32424138 PMCID: PMC7235003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractFluorescent barcoding is a pivotal technique for the investigation of the microscale world, from information storage to the monitoring of dynamic biochemical processes. Using fluorescence lifetime as the readout modality offers more reproducible and quantitative outputs compared to conventional fluorescent barcoding, being independent of sample concentration and measurement methods. However, the use of fluorescence lifetime in this area has been limited by the lack of strategies that provide spatiotemporal manipulation of the coding process. In this study, we design a two-component photo-switchable nanogel that exhibits variable fluorescence lifetime upon photoisomerization-induced energy transfer processes through light irradiation. This remotely manipulated fluorescence lifetime property could be visually mapped using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), allowing selective storage and display of information at the microscale. Most importantly, the reversibility of this system further provides a strategy for minimizing the background influence in fluorescence lifetime imaging of live cells and sub-cellular organelles.
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10
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Patil Y, Zapsas G, Gnanou Y, Hadjichristidis N. Iodine‐transfer polymerization and CuAAC “click” chemistry: A versatile approach toward poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐based amphiphilic triblock terpolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Patil
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - George Zapsas
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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11
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McGuire TM, Miyajima M, Uchiyama M, Buchard A, Kamigaito M. Epoxy-functionalised 4-vinylguaiacol for the synthesis of bio-based, degradable star polymers via a RAFT/ROCOP strategy. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00878h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An epoxy derivative of a naturally occuring vinylphenolic compound, 4-vinylguaiacol, was polymerised using a RAFT/ROCOP strategy and produced ester cross-linked star polymers which could be selectively degraded under acid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. McGuire
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Masato Miyajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Mineto Uchiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Claverton Down BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Masami Kamigaito
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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12
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Gao H. A personal journey on using polymerization in aqueous dispersed media to synthesize polymers with branched structures. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Mao J, Zhang B, Zhang H, Elupula R, Grayson SM, Wesdemiotis C. Elucidating Branching Topology and Branch Lengths in Star-Branched Polymers by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1981-1991. [PMID: 31363988 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) has been employed to elucidate the topology and branching architecture of star-branched polyethers. The polymers were ionized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) to positive ions and dissociated after leaving the ion source via laser-induced fragmentation. The bond scissions caused under MALDI-MS2 conditions occur preferentially near the core-branch joining points due to energetically favorable homolytic and heterolytic bond cleavages near the core and release of steric strain and/or reduction of crowding. This unique fragmentation mode detaches complete arms from the core generating fragment ion series at the expected molecular weight of each branch. The number of fragment ion distributions observed combined with their mass-to-charge ratios permit conclusive determination of the degree of branching and the corresponding branch lengths, as demonstrated for differently branched homo- and mikto-arm polyether stars synthesized via azide-alkyne click chemistry. The results of this study underscore the utility of MS2 for the characterization of branching architecture and branch lengths of (co) polymers with two or more linear chains attached to a functionalized central core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Knight Chemical Laboratory, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325-3601, USA
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Ravinder Elupula
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Scott M Grayson
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Chemistry, Knight Chemical Laboratory, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325-3601, USA.
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14
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Kasinathan P, Lang C, Radhakrishnan S, Schnee J, D'Haese C, Breynaert E, Martens JA, Gaigneaux EM, Jonas AM, Fernandes AE. “Click” Silica‐Supported Sulfonic Acid Catalysts with Variable Acid Strength and Surface Polarity. Chemistry 2019; 25:6753-6762. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Palraj Kasinathan
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Charlotte Lang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Sambhu Radhakrishnan
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Characterization and Application TeamKULeuven 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Josefine Schnee
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Cécile D'Haese
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Eric Breynaert
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Characterization and Application TeamKULeuven 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Johan A. Martens
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Characterization and Application TeamKULeuven 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Eric M. Gaigneaux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Alain M. Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Antony E. Fernandes
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUCLouvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
- Current address: Certech Rue Jules Bordet 7180 Seneffe Belgium
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15
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Abstract
Nature has unparalleled control over the conformation and dynamics of its folded macromolecular structures. Nature’s ability to arrange amino acids into a precise spatial organization by way of folding allows proteins to fulfill specific functions in an extremely efficient manner. Chemists and materials scientists have used the delicate structure–function relationships observed in proteins to elucidate nature’s design principles. These insights have led to the development of various revolutionary macromolecular architectures, mimicking the structural features of proteins. In this review, we focus on the folding of single polymer chains into well-defined nanoparticles using supramolecular interactions and their possible use as enzyme mimics.
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16
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Huo H, Tan T, Gou L, Chen L, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Liu F. Single-chain tethered nanoparticles with tunable softness: scalable synthesis and unique self-assembly behavior. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00849g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A scalable method to prepare single-chain tethered nanoparticles with tunable softness, which results in unique self-assembly behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Huo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Lu Gou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Qilu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
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17
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Meng G, Gao S, Liu Y, Zhang L, Song C, Huang K. Amino- and sulfo-bifunctionalized hyper-crosslinked organic nanotube frameworks as efficient catalysts for one-pot cascade reactions. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04514c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of amino- and sulfo-bifunctionalized hyper-crosslinked organic nanotube frameworks for one-pot cascade reactions was reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Meng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Shengguang Gao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Song
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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18
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Nitta N, Takatsuka M, Kihara SI, Sekiya R, Haino T. Facile Synthesis of an Eight-Armed Star-Shaped Polymer via Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of a Four-Armed Cavitand. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1308-1311. [PMID: 35651252 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The polystyrene chains were installed at the lower rim of a resorcinarene-based cavitand via reversible addition-fragmentation (RAFT) polymerization to form a four-armed star-shaped polymer. A star-shaped polystyrene-functionalized supramolecular capsule was prepared through the coordination-driven self-assembly of the four-armed start-shaped polymer with silver ions. The eight-armed start-shaped supramolecular capsule encapsulated 4,4'-diacetoxybiphenyl as did a cavitand-based self-assembled capsule. A DOSY measurement indicated that the eight-armed star-shaped polymer was twice as large as the four-armed star-shaped polymer. The solution behaviors of these compounds resulted in a difference in their zero-shear viscosities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Nitta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Mei Takatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kihara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527 Japan
| | - Ryo Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526 Japan
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19
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Kuepfert M, Cohen AE, Cullen O, Weck M. Shell Cross-Linked Micelles as Nanoreactors for Enantioselective Three-Step Tandem Catalysis. Chemistry 2018; 24:18648-18652. [PMID: 30276903 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline)-based triblock copolymers that assemble into shell cross-linked micelles (SCMs) are described. These micelles permit the site isolation of three incompatible catalysts through compartmentalization, thereby enabling three-step non-orthogonal tandem processes in one pot. In particular, the acid-catalyzed ketal hydrolysis to prochiral ketones proceeded in the hydrophilic corona, followed by the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation to enantio-enriched alcohols in the cross-linked shell, and nucleophilic base-catalyzed acylation in the hydrophobic core. The catalysts are positioned in close proximity on a single micelle support to take advantage of the intramicellar substrate diffusion, yet they are sufficiently spaced apart from each other in physically distinct microenvironments. These compartmentalized micelles are substrate selective and, on a basic level, mimic compartmentalized catalytic architectures found in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kuepfert
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Aaron E Cohen
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Olivia Cullen
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
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20
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Yu SH, Patra M, Ferrari S, Ramirez Garcia P, Veldhuis NA, Kaminskas LM, Graham B, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR, Gasser G, Davis TP. Linker chemistry dictates the delivery of a phototoxic organometallic rhenium(i) complex to human cervical cancer cells from core crosslinked star polymer nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7805-7810. [PMID: 32255026 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated core-crosslinked star polymer nanoparticles designed with tunable release chemistries as potential nanocarriers for a photoactive Re(i) organometallic complex. The nanoparticles consisted of a brush poly(oligo-ethylene glycol)methyl ether acrylate (POEGA) corona and a cross-linked core of non-biodegradable N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAA) and either pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA), 3-vinyl benzaldehyde (VBA) or diacetone acrylamide (DAAM). Each star was modified with an amine functionalized photodynamic agent (i.e. a rhenium(i) organometallic complex) resulting in the formation of either a stable amide bond (POEGA-star-PFPA), or hydrolytically labile aldimine (POEGA-star-VBA) or ketimine bonds (POEGA-star-DAAM). These materials revealed linker dependent photo- and cytotoxicity when tested in vitro against non-cancerous lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells and HeLa human cervical cancer cells: the toxicity results correlated with final intracellular Re concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul Hwa Yu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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21
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Womble CT, Kuepfert M, Weck M. Multicompartment Polymeric Nanoreactors for Non-Orthogonal Cascade Catalysis. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800580. [PMID: 30368964 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Spatial confinement of multiple catalysts presents an effective strategy for performing sequential or tandem chemical transformations in a one-pot reaction. These methods may be used to catalyze numerous reactions in conditions that are otherwise incompatible between catalyst and solvent, different catalysts, or reagents. Appropriate site isolation or support structure design will lead to significant advantages in atom economy, purification, and costs; the development of the interface between a catalyst and its confined microenvironment is paramount for realizing the next generation of nanoreactors. Polymer scaffolds can create tailor-made microenvironments resulting in catalyst compartmentalization. Through the optimization of a number of variables such as size, solubility, functionality, and morphology of the nanoreactor, catalyst activity and selectivity can be tuned. In this feature article, design principles and early strategies for polymer supports for catalyst site-isolation are introduced, and current strategies toward multicompartment polymer nanoreactors for non-orthogonal cascade catalysis are discussed. Future design trends in this burgeoning field are outlined in the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tyler Womble
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Michael Kuepfert
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, NY, 10003, USA
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22
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Huurne GM, Vantomme G, Bersselaar BWL, Thota BNS, Voets IK, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. The effect of dendritic pendants on the folding of amphiphilic copolymers via supramolecular interactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gijs M. Huurne
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bart W. L. Bersselaar
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bala N. S. Thota
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
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23
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Srivastva D, Nikoubashman A. Flow Behavior of Chain and Star Polymers and Their Mixtures. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E599. [PMID: 30966633 PMCID: PMC6403976 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Star-shaped polymers show a continuous change of properties from flexible linear chains to soft colloids, as the number of arms is increased. To investigate the effect of macromolecular architecture on the flow properties, we employ computer simulations of single chain and star polymers as well as of their mixtures under Poiseuille flow. Hydrodynamic interactions are incorporated through the multi-particle collision dynamics (MPCD) technique, while a bead-spring model is used to describe the polymers. For the ultradilute systems at rest, the polymers are distributed uniformly in the slit channel, with a weak dependence on their number of arms. Once flow is applied, however, we find that the stars migrate much more strongly towards the channel center as the number of arms is increased. In the star-chain mixtures, we find a flow-induced separation between stars and chains, with the stars located in the channel center and the chains closer to the walls. In order to identify the origin of this flow-induced partitioning, we conduct additional simulations without hydrodynamic interactions, and find that the observed cross-stream migration originates from a combination of wall-induced hydrodynamic lift forces and viscoelastic effects. The results from our study give valuable insights for designing microfluidic devices for separating polymers based on their architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Srivastva
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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24
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Wang D, Wang B, Ding Y, Wu H, Wu P. A novel acid-base bifunctional catalyst (ZSM-5@Mg 3Si 4O 9(OH) 4) with core/shell hierarchical structure and superior activities in tandem reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:12817-12820. [PMID: 27725979 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06779d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hierarchically core/shell structured base-acid bifunctional catalyst, ZSM-5@Mg3Si4O9(OH)4, was successfully prepared through a simple hydrothermal reaction between the silica species on the ZSM-5 crystal surface and the Mg2+ source in basic solution. The obtained catalyst showed superior activity and stability in one-pot deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Rd. 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Rd. 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Yu Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Rd. 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Haihong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Rd. 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Rd. 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
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25
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Xiong L, Zhang H, He Z, Wang T, Xu Y, Zhou M, Huang K. Acid–base bifunctional amphiphilic organic nanotubes as a catalyst for one-pot cascade reactions in water. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04209d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel acid–base bifunctional amphiphilic organic nanotube is synthesized and used for one-pot deacetalization-Knoevenagel cascade reactions in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Shangrao Normal University
- Shangrao
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Zidong He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Minghong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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26
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Lee LC, Xing X, Zhao Y. Environmental Engineering of Pd Nanoparticle Catalysts for Catalytic Hydrogenation of CO 2 and Bicarbonate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38436-38444. [PMID: 29028299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary catalytic properties of enzymes are derived not only from their catalytic groups but also the unique properties of the active site. Tuning the microenvironment of synthetic catalysts is expected to enhance their performance if effective strategies can be developed. Interfacially cross-linked reverse micelles were prepared from three different cross-linkable surfactants. Pd nanoparticles were deposited in the core of the micelle for the catalytic hydrogenation of bicarbonate and CO2. The catalytic performance was found to depend heavily on the nature of the headgroup of the surfactant. Quaternary ammonium-based surfactants through ion exchange could bring bicarbonate to the catalytic center, whereas tertiary amine-based surfactants worked particularly well in CO2 hydrogenation, with turnover numbers an order of magnitude higher than that of commercially available Pd/C. The amines were proposed to bring CO2 to the proximity of the catalysts through reversible formation of carbamate, in the nanospace of the hydrophilic core of the cross-linked reverse micelle. In the bicarbonate reduction, additional improvement of the catalysts was achieved through localized sol-gel synthesis that introduced metal oxide near the catalytic metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chen Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
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27
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Acebo C, Ramis X, Serra A. Improved epoxy thermosets by the use of poly(ethyleneimine) derivatives. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2016-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Epoxy resins are commonly used as thermosetting materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, high adhesion to many substrates and good heat and chemical resistances. This type of thermosets is intensively used in a wide range of fields, where they act as fiber-reinforced materials, general-purpose adhesives, high-performance coatings and encapsulating materials. These materials are formed by the chemical reaction of multifunctional epoxy monomers forming a polymer network produced through an irreversible way. In this article the improvement of the characteristics of epoxy thermosets using different hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) derivatives will be explained.
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28
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Nothling MD, Ganesan A, Condic-Jurkic K, Pressly E, Davalos A, Gotrik MR, Xiao Z, Khoshdel E, Hawker CJ, O'Mara ML, Coote ML, Connal LA. Simple Design of an Enzyme-Inspired Supported Catalyst Based on a Catalytic Triad. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Irregular polystyrene peroxides – a promising macroinitiators synthesized by radical polymerization under oxygen inflow. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Hu D, Jin S, Shi Y, Wang X, Graff RW, Liu W, Zhu M, Gao H. Preparation of hyperstar polymers with encapsulated Au 25(SR) 18 clusters as recyclable catalysts for nitrophenol reduction. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:3629-3636. [PMID: 28247888 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09727h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A robust approach is developed to prepare hyperstar polymer-Au25(SR)18 nanocomposites for catalysis. The synthesis started with atom transfer radical copolymerization of an inimer with a cyclic disulfide-containing methacrylate monomer in a microemulsion to produce hyperbranched copolymers with high molar mass, low polydispersity, and a vital fraction of dangling disulfide groups. The core-shell structured hyperstar polymers were then prepared using hyperbranched copolymers as macroinitiators to polymerize oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (Mn = 500) and grow the radiating arms. The hyperstar polymers with disulfide groups were proved to efficiently encapsulate Au25(SR)18 nanoclusters through ligand exchange without destroying the fine structure of the Au25(SR)18 clusters. The obtained hyperstar-Au25(SR)18 nanocomposites showed great stability with no size change after a three-month shelf storage. They were used as efficient catalysts for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol by NaBH4, showing convenient recovery and reuse without losing catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqiao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China.
| | - Shan Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China.
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA.
| | - Robert W Graff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA.
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA.
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China.
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA.
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31
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Liu N, Ma CH, Sun RW, Huang J, Li C, Wu ZQ. Facile synthesis and chiral recognition of block and star copolymers containing stereoregular helical poly(phenyl isocyanide) and polyethylene glycol blocks. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new Pd(ii) initiator bearing an alkyne headgroup was designed and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Cui-Hong Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Rui-Wen Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Chonglong Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- China
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32
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Mao T, Gou Y, Wang J, Wang H. Synthesis and properties of well-defined carbazole-containing fluorescent star polymers of different arms. E-POLYMERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2016-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA series of fluorescent carbazole-containing star polymers with different arms were successfully synthesized using 9-(4-vinylbenzyl)9H-carbazole (VBCz) as monomer and multifunctional bromide as initiators via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The effect of the poly(9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole) (PVBCz) star polymer architecture on their optical and electrochemical properties was investigated. All of the PVBCz star polymers absorbed light in the range of 280–360 nm both in solution and as polymer films. Meanwhile, the star polymers exhibited maximum fluorescent emission at 350 nm in solution, while at 406 nm as films. Moreover, the star polymers with different arm numbers showed different photoluminescence quantum efficiency and highest and lowest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO, LOMO, respectively) energy levels. It is proved that the PVBCz star polymers exhibited different photoelectronic properties by varying the molecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Mao
- 1Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yanzi Gou
- 1Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jun Wang
- 1Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Hao Wang
- 1Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defence Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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33
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Tomida S, Tsuda R, Furukawa S, Saito M, Tajima T. Electroreductive hydrogenation of activated olefins using the concept of site isolation. Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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34
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Ren JM, McKenzie TG, Fu Q, Wong EHH, Xu J, An Z, Shanmugam S, Davis TP, Boyer C, Qiao GG. Star Polymers. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6743-836. [PMID: 27299693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in controlled/living polymerization techniques and highly efficient coupling chemistries have enabled the facile synthesis of complex polymer architectures with controlled dimensions and functionality. As an example, star polymers consist of many linear polymers fused at a central point with a large number of chain end functionalities. Owing to this exclusive structure, star polymers exhibit some remarkable characteristics and properties unattainable by simple linear polymers. Hence, they constitute a unique class of technologically important nanomaterials that have been utilized or are currently under audition for many applications in life sciences and nanotechnologies. This article first provides a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies towards star polymers, then reviews the latest developments in the synthesis and characterization methods of star macromolecules, and lastly outlines emerging applications and current commercial use of star-shaped polymers. The aim of this work is to promote star polymer research, generate new avenues of scientific investigation, and provide contemporary perspectives on chemical innovation that may expedite the commercialization of new star nanomaterials. We envision in the not-too-distant future star polymers will play an increasingly important role in materials science and nanotechnology in both academic and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing M Ren
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas G McKenzie
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zesheng An
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 2000444, People's Republic of China
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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35
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Guerra S, Nguyen TLA, Furrer J, Nierengarten JF, Barberá J, Deschenaux R. Liquid-Crystalline Dendrimers Designed by Click Chemistry. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Guerra
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Thi Le Anh Nguyen
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, Université
de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, Cedex
2, France
| | - Joaquín Barberá
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Robert Deschenaux
- Institut
de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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36
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Biradar AV, Patil VS, Chandra P, Doke DS, Asefa T. A trifunctional mesoporous silica-based, highly active catalyst for one-pot, three-step cascade reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:8496-9. [PMID: 25891032 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01694k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a trifunctional catalyst containing amine, sulphonic acid and Pd nanoparticle catalytic groups anchored on the pore walls of SBA-15. The catalyst efficiently catalyzes one-pot three-step cascade reactions comprising deacetylation, Henry reaction and hydrogenation, giving up to ∼100% conversion and 92% selectivity to the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush V Biradar
- Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
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37
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Mao T, Gou Y, Wang H, Jian K, Wang J. Investigation on the fluorescence–(stimulus-response) properties of linear and star PVBCz-b-PDMAEMA block copolymers synthesized via ATRP. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14316d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear and star PVBCz-b-PDMAEMA block copolymers were synthesized via ATRP, the properties of which were investigated including ultraviolet-visible absorption, fluorescence emission, stimulus-response and fluorescence-stimulus-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Mao
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory
- National University of Defense Technology
- Changsha 410073
- China
| | - Yanzi Gou
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory
- National University of Defense Technology
- Changsha 410073
- China
| | - Hao Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory
- National University of Defense Technology
- Changsha 410073
- China
| | - Ke Jian
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory
- National University of Defense Technology
- Changsha 410073
- China
| | - Jun Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory
- National University of Defense Technology
- Changsha 410073
- China
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38
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Albuszis M, Roth PJ, Pauer W, Moritz HU. Two in one: use of azide functionality for controlled photo-crosslinking and click-modification of polymer microspheres. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UV-Irradiation of azide-functional microspheres for several minutes is shown to result in efficient crosslinking based on nitrene chemistry and to spare a controllable amount of azide functionality which is amenable to click-modification through CuAAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Albuszis
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
| | - Werner Pauer
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Moritz
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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39
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Fan X, Li Z, Loh XJ. Recent development of unimolecular micelles as functional materials and applications. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Unimolecular micelles have high functionalities, encapsulation capabilities and site specific confinement abilities in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- A*STAR
- Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- A*STAR
- Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
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40
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Albuszis M, Roth PJ, Exnowitz F, Wong DL, Pauer W, Moritz HU. Synthesis and in-depth characterization of reactive, uniform, crosslinked microparticles based on free radical copolymerization of 4-vinylbenzyl azide. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01848j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A direct seed-swelling copolymerization formulation affords well-defined azide-functional porous or hollow microparticles amenable to click-modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Albuszis
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Nanochemistry Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Franziska Exnowitz
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Doris Locsin Wong
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Werner Pauer
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Moritz
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
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41
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Herzberger J, Niederer K, Pohlit H, Seiwert J, Worm M, Wurm FR, Frey H. Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, and Other Alkylene Oxides: Synthesis, Novel Polymer Architectures, and Bioconjugation. Chem Rev 2015; 116:2170-243. [PMID: 26713458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes current trends and developments in the polymerization of alkylene oxides in the last two decades since 1995, with a particular focus on the most important epoxide monomers ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO). Classical synthetic pathways, i.e., anionic polymerization, coordination polymerization, and cationic polymerization of epoxides (oxiranes), are briefly reviewed. The main focus of the review lies on more recent and in some cases metal-free methods for epoxide polymerization, i.e., the activated monomer strategy, the use of organocatalysts, such as N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) as well as phosphazene bases. In addition, the commercially relevant double-metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst systems are discussed. Besides the synthetic progress, new types of multifunctional linear PEG (mf-PEG) and PPO structures accessible by copolymerization of EO or PO with functional epoxide comonomers are presented as well as complex branched, hyperbranched, and dendrimer like polyethers. Amphiphilic block copolymers based on PEO and PPO (Poloxamers and Pluronics) and advances in the area of PEGylation as the most important bioconjugation strategy are also summarized. With the ever growing toolbox for epoxide polymerization, a "polyether universe" may be envisaged that in its structural diversity parallels the immense variety of structural options available for polymers based on vinyl monomers with a purely carbon-based backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Herzberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Niederer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannah Pohlit
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center , Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Seiwert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Worm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Graduate Center , Staudingerweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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42
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Bukhryakov KV, Mugemana C, Vu KB, Rodionov VO. Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Precatalyst Site Isolated in the Core of a Star Polymer. Org Lett 2015; 17:4826-9. [PMID: 26397957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An approach for supporting a Pd-NHC complex on a soluble star polymer with nanoscale dimensions is described. The resulting star polymer catalyst exhibits excellent activity in cross-coupling reactions, is stable in air and moisture, and is easily recoverable and recyclable. These properties are distinct and unattainable with the small-molecule version of the same catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Bukhryakov
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Clément Mugemana
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khanh B Vu
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentin O Rodionov
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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43
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Nasar AS, Veerapandian S. Dendritic-Linear Hybrid Multiarm Star Polymers: A Straightforward Synthesis of Polymer as Molecular Nanoparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Selvaraj Veerapandian
- Department of Polymer Science; University of Madras, Guindy Campus; Chennai 600025 India
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44
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Liu Y, Pauloehrl T, Presolski SI, Albertazzi L, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Modular Synthetic Platform for the Construction of Functional Single-Chain Polymeric Nanoparticles: From Aqueous Catalysis to Photosensitization. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13096-105. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiliu Liu
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Pauloehrl
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stanislav I. Presolski
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular
Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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45
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Jia Y, Fang Y, Zhang Y, Miras HN, Song YF. Classical Keggin Intercalated into Layered Double Hydroxides: Facile Preparation and Catalytic Efficiency in Knoevenagel Condensation Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:14862-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Xiong L, Zhang H, Zhong A, He Z, Huang K. Acid- and base-functionalized core-confined bottlebrush copolymer catalysts for one-pot cascade reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:14778-81. [PMID: 25317577 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06573e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel method that enables the formation of core-confined bottlebrush copolymers (CCBCs) as catalyst supports. Significantly, owing to the site-isolated effect, these CCBC catalysts with the incompatible acidic para-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and basic 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) groups can conduct a simple two-step sequential reaction in one vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
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47
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Arivalagan PR, Zhao Y. Interfacial catalysis of aldol reactions by prolinamide surfactants in reverse micelles. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:770-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02074j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of prolinamide surfactants in nonpolar solvents enhanced their catalytic activity and gave unusual substrate selectivity in aldol condensations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
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48
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Moore BL, Lu A, Moatsou D, O’Reilly RK. The effect of polymer nanostructure on diffusion of small molecules using tryptophan as a FRET probe. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Chadha G, Zhao Y. Environmental control of nucleophilic catalysis in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2718-20. [PMID: 24481068 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49593k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophilic catalysis by a pyridyl group in ester/phosphate ester hydrolysis was modulated by the microenvironmental hydrophobicity around the catalyst. The catalytic efficiency was enhanced thousands or tens of thousands of times and the activity was maintained well below the pKa of the pyridyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Chadha
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, USA.
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50
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You S, Cai Q, Zheng Y, He B, Shen J, Yang W, Yin M. Perylene-cored star-shaped polycations for fluorescent gene vectors and bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16327-16334. [PMID: 25159606 DOI: 10.1021/am5045967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two star polycations, poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (PAEMA, P1) and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA, P2), have been synthesized with perylene diimide (PDI) as the central fluorophore. (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR are used to confirm the successful synthesis of a macromolecular initiator. Using ATRP strategy, P1 and P2 are obtained with narrow molecular weight distribution. The star polymers have good fluorescence properties in aqueous solution, which provides fluorescent tracing and imaging during gene delivery. Both P1 and P2 can efficiently condense DNA into stable nanoparticles. Transfection studies demonstrate that P1 and P2 deliver DNA into live cells with higher efficiency and lower cytotoxicity than polyethylenimine (PEI, 25 kDa). P2 shows higher capacity for gene delivery than P1 due to its better buffering and faster rate of cellular internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen You
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 100029 Beijing, China
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