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Wang X, Niu Z, Li Q, Scheiner S. Strong Triel Bonds with Be as Electron Donor. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:14656-14664. [PMID: 39034471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
A systematic theoretical study was conducted on the triel bonds (TrBs) within the TrX3···Be(CO)3 complexes (Tr = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl; X = H, F, Cl, Br, I). The interaction energies of these systems range between 4 and 38 kcal/mol. The TrB weakens as X becomes more electronegative in the B and Al systems, while the opposite pattern of stronger bonds is observed in the In and Tl analogues. The dominant component of the TrB is polarization energy, which arises from charge transfer from Be(CO)3 to TrX3. The source of the density is a confluence of CO π-bonding orbitals at the Be center that resembles a Be lone pair, and which makes the molecular electrostatic potential above the Be somewhat negative. This π-lump is paired with the highly positive π-hole above the Tr, and a large amount of charge is transferred to the empty pz orbital of Tr. These factors, when considered in conjunction with large AIM measures, confer on this TrB a certain degree of covalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Niu
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhong Li
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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2
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Wang X, Niu Z, McDowell SAC, Li Q. Triel Bonds between BH 3/C 5H 4BX and M(MDA) 2 (X = H, CN, F, CH 3, NH 2; M = Ni, Pd, Pt, MDA = Enolated Malondialdehyde) and Group 10 Transition Metal Electron Donors. Molecules 2024; 29:1602. [PMID: 38611881 PMCID: PMC11013632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A systematic theoretical study was conducted on the triel bonds (TrB) within the BH3∙∙∙M(MDA)2 and C5H4BX∙∙∙M(MDA)2 (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, X = H, CN, F, CH3, NH2, MDA = enolated malondialdehyde) complexes, with BH3 and C5H4BX acting as the electron acceptors and the square-coordinated M(MDA)2 acting as the electron donor. The interaction energies of these systems range between -4.71 and -33.18 kcal/mol. The larger the transition metal center M, the greater the enhancement of the TrB, with σ-hole TrBs found to be stronger than π-hole TrBs. In the σ-hole TrB complex, an electron-withdrawing substituent on the C opposite to the B atom enhances the TrB, while an electron-donating substituent has little effect on the strength of TrB in the Pd and Pt complexes but enhances the TrB in the Ni-containing complexes. The van der Waals interaction plays an important role in stabilizing these binary systems, and its contribution diminishes with increasing M size. The orbital effect within these systems is largely due to charge transfer from the dz2 orbital of M into the empty pz orbital of B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (X.W.); (Z.N.)
| | - Zhihao Niu
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (X.W.); (Z.N.)
| | - Sean A. C. McDowell
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados
| | - Qingzhong Li
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (X.W.); (Z.N.)
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3
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Murata Y, Özen C, Maeda S, Fukushima T, Shoji Y. Skeletal rearrangement of a boron-containing annulenic molecule into a macrocycle bridged by an electronically stabilized boron cation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13635-13638. [PMID: 37905398 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04830f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
An annulenic molecule containing a three-coordinate chloroborane moiety, which exhibits a borane-olefin proximity effect, undergoes a skeletal rearrangement upon chloride abstraction, to generate a three-dimensional macrocyclic molecule featuring a borocenium (η5-cyclopentadienyl-B+-R) structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Murata
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Cihan Özen
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8510, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8510, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8510, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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4
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Oshimizu R, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Olefin–Borane Interactions in Donor–π–Acceptor Fluorophores that Undergo Frustrated‐Lewis‐Pair‐Type Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209394. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Oshimizu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center of Materials Science (RCMS) Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo Chikusa Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center of Materials Science (RCMS) Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo Chikusa Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center of Materials Science (RCMS) Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo Chikusa Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo Chikusa Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
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5
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Oshimizu R, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Olefin–Borane Interactions in Donor–π–Acceptor Fluorophores that Undergo Frustrated‐Lewis‐Pair‐Type Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naoki Ando
- Nagoya Daigaku Graduate School of Science JAPAN
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Nagoya University Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Furo, Chikusa 464-8602 Nagoya JAPAN
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6
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Shoji Y, Kashida J, Fukushima T. Bringing out the potential of organoboron compounds by designing the chemical bonds and spaces around boron. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4420-4434. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00653g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the structures, reactivity and properties of organoboron compounds stem from the electron deficiency and low electronegativity of boron, the design of the chemical bonds attached to boron as well...
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7
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Murata Y, Matsunagi K, Kashida J, Shoji Y, Özen C, Maeda S, Fukushima T. Observation of Borane–Olefin Proximity Interaction Governing the Structure and Reactivity of Boron‐Containing Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Murata
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Kenta Matsunagi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Junki Kashida
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
| | - Cihan Özen
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8510 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8510 Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8510 Japan
- Department of Chemistry Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8510 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502 Japan
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8
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Murata Y, Matsunagi K, Kashida J, Shoji Y, Özen C, Maeda S, Fukushima T. Observation of Borane-Olefin Proximity Interaction Governing the Structure and Reactivity of Boron-Containing Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14630-14635. [PMID: 33860607 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
While attractive interactions between borane and olefin have been postulated to trigger various boron-mediated organic transformations, proximity structures of these functional groups, other than the formation of weak van der Waals complexes, have never been directly observed. Here we show that a close intramolecular borane-olefin interaction operates in macrocyclic systems containing borane and olefinic groups obtained by multi-step 1,2-carboboration between a strained alkyne and 9-borafluorene derivatives. Depending on Lewis acidity of the borane moiety and the size of the macrocycles, the magnitude of interaction changes, resulting in different reaction modes. The whole picture of the multi-step reactions has been revealed experimentally with theoretical supports. The present finding may not only provide a deeper understanding of the fundamental boron-mediated interaction but also lead to the development of new organic transformations involving molecular activation by boranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Murata
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Kenta Matsunagi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Junki Kashida
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Cihan Özen
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8510, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8510, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8510, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
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9
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Jabłoński M, Krygowski TM. Study of the influence of intermolecular interaction on classical and reverse substituent effects in para-substituted phenylboranes. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01334j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The substituent effect and the reverse substituent effect in para-substituted phenylboranes and the influence of the intermolecular interaction of H⋯B type with either silane or methylsilane on the latter of these effects are extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
- 87-100 Toruń
- Poland
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10
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Liu W, Zeng R, Han Y, Wang Y, Tao H, Chen Y, Liu F, Liang Y. Computational and experimental investigation on the BCl3 promoted intramolecular amination of alkenes and alkynes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2776-2783. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The BCl3 promoted aminoboration of alkenes and alkynes was investigated both computationally and experimentally, leading to the discovery of a metal-free hydroamination of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Ruxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yingbin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Huimin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
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11
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Jabłoński M. Hydride-Triel Bonds. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:1177-1191. [PMID: 29399829 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present the results of our comprehensive studies of 72 dimers of the R3XXH⋯YR3Y type (X = Si, Ge; Y = B, Al, Ga; RX = H, Cl, Me; RY = H, F, Cl, Me) and featuring hydride-triel bonds (i.e., charge-inverted hydrogen bonds). Influence of X and Y atoms as well as RX and RY substituents on various properties of these dimers is investigated in detail. In particular the strength of the H⋯Y hydride-triel bonds is paid a close attention and it is shown that hydride-triel bonds can be strong enough to considerably determine structure and properties of molecular systems. In addition, properties of the investigated dimers are largely governed by the charge transfer from the Lewis base to the Lewis acid, which is particularly important if more bulky and polarizable RY and Y atoms are present in the YR3Y molecule. Several excellent linear (R2 close to 1) and exponential correlations between pairs of diverse parameters are presented. Few instances are discussed where somewhat unexpected bond paths exist between two atoms featuring partial negative charges (e.g., between hydride hydrogen and halogen and between lateral sides of two halogens) showing that in some cases a bond path prefers to link two closely spaced electron-rich atoms instead of two atoms that are expected to form a bond. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Jabłoński
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7-Gagarina St, Toruń, 87-100, Poland
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12
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Yourdkhani S, Jabłoński M. Revealing the physical nature and the strength of charge-inverted hydrogen bonds by SAPT(DFT), MP2, SCS-MP2, MP2C, and CCSD(T) methods. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:773-780. [PMID: 28145082 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The physical nature of charge-inverted hydrogen bonds in H3 XH ⋯YH3 (X = Si, Ge; Y = Al, Ga) dimer systems is studied by means of the SAPT(DFT)-based decomposition of interaction energies and supermolecular interaction energies based on MP2, SCS-MP2, MP2C, and CCSD(T) methods utilizing dimer-centered aug-cc-pCVnZ (n = D, T, Q) basis sets as well as an extrapolation to the complete basis set limit. It is revealed that charge-inverted hydrogen bonds are inductive in nature, although dispersion is also important. Computed interaction energies form the following relation: EintSAPT<EintSCS-MP2≤EintMP2C<EintMP2≈EintCCSD(T). It is confirmed that the aug-cc-pCVDZ basis set performs poorly and that very accurate values of interaction and dispersion energies require basis sets of at least quadrupole-ζ quality. Considerably large binding energies suggest potential usefulness of charge-inverted hydrogen bonds as an important structural motif in molecular binding. Terminology applying to σ- and π-hole interactions as well as to triel and tetrel bonds is discussed. According to this new terminology the charge-inverted hydrogen bond would become the first described case of a hydride-triel bond. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirous Yourdkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mirosław Jabłoński
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7-Gagarina St, Toruń, 87-100, Poland
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13
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He Y, Agarwal PK, Kiran INC, Yu R, Cao B, Zou C, Zhou X, Xu H, Xu B, Zhu L, Lan Y, Nicolaou KC. Efficient Synthesis of Dimeric Oxazoles, Piperidines and Tetrahydroisoquinolines from N-Substituted 2-Oxazolones. Chemistry 2016; 22:7696-701. [PMID: 27113382 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A mild and practical method for the construction of heterocycles from N-substituted 2-oxazolones through cascade, BF3 ⋅Et2 O/H2 O-catalyzed reactions involving iminium ion generation and trapping by external or internal olefinic and aryl moieties is described. Mechanistic and computational studies revealed the strong protic acid HBF4 as the initiating catalyst for these cascade reactions. Providing access to novel molecular diversity, these processes may facilitate chemical biology studies, drug discovery efforts and natural products synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Piyush K Agarwal
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - I N Chaithanya Kiran
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Ruocheng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bei Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Huacheng Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Biao Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China.
| | - K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Wu D, Ganguly R, Li Y, Hoo SN, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Reversible [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3,2,5-diazadiborinine with ethylene. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7150-7155. [PMID: 29861951 PMCID: PMC5952552 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03174e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Under ambient conditions, a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3,2,5-diazadiborinine 1 with ethylene afforded a bicyclo[2.2.2] derivative 2, which was structurally characterized.
Under ambient conditions, a [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3,2,5-diazadiborinine 1 with ethylene afforded a bicyclo[2.2.2] derivative 2, which was structurally characterized. The cyclization process was found to be reversible, and thus retro-[4 + 2] cycloaddition reproduced 1 quantitatively, concomitant with the release of ethylene. Compound 1 reacted regio-selectively and stereo-selectively with styrene derivatives and norbornene, respectively, and these processes were found to be reversible too. Computational studies determined the reaction pathways which were consistent with the regio-selectivity observed in the reaction of styrene, and the reaction was suggested to be essentially concerted but highly asynchronous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore . ;
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Sin Ni Hoo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore . ;
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore . ;
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore . ;
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Triel Bonds, π-Hole-π-Electrons Interactions in Complexes of Boron and Aluminium Trihalides and Trihydrides with Acetylene and Ethylene. Molecules 2015; 20:11297-316. [PMID: 26102066 PMCID: PMC6272408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200611297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations were performed on complexes of aluminium and boron trihydrides and trihalides with acetylene and ethylene. These complexes are linked through triel bonds where the triel center (B or Al) is characterized by the Lewis acid properties through its π-hole region while π-electrons of C2H2 or C2H4 molecule play the role of the Lewis base. Some of these interactions possess characteristics of covalent bonds, i.e., the Al-π-electrons links as well as the interaction in the BH3-C2H2 complex. The triel-π-electrons interactions are classified sometimes as the 3c-2e bonds. In the case of boron trihydrides, these interactions are often the preliminary stages of the hydroboration reaction. The Quantum Theory of “Atoms in Molecules” as well as the Natural Bond Orbitals approach are applied here to characterize the π-hole-π-electrons interactions.
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16
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Rocchigiani L. Experimental Insights into the Structure and Reactivity of Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Melen RL. Applications of pentafluorophenyl boron reagents in the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1161-74. [PMID: 24292326 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, main group reagents have attracted a lot of attention in bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis. This article highlights the use of pentafluorophenyl substituted boron reagents in their reactions with C=C and C≡C π-bonds for the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. These cyclisation reactions fall into four general classes although there is some overlap between classes and often combinations of these different types of reactivity are observed in the formation of the final heterocyclic product: (i) 1,2- (and 1,4-) additions of nucleophile and Lewis-acidic boron centre, (ii) 1,1-carboboration, (iii) carbocation rearrangements and (iv) cycloaddition chemistry. In addition, the prospect of using such boron reagents catalytically in the synthesis of aromatic compounds such as oxazoles and dibenzopentalene derivatives is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Melen
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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18
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Young NA. Main group coordination chemistry at low temperatures: A review of matrix isolated Group 12 to Group 18 complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Könczöl L, Makkos E, Bourissou D, Szieberth D. Computational evidence for a new type of η2-H2 complex: when main-group elements act in concert to emulate transition metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9521-4. [PMID: 22907915 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- László Könczöl
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4., 1111 Budapest, Hungary
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Könczöl L, Makkos E, Bourissou D, Szieberth D. Computational Evidence for a New Type of η2-H2 Complex: When Main-Group Elements Act in Concert To Emulate Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Wuttke S, Bazin P, Vimont A, Serre C, Seo YK, Hwang YK, Chang JS, Férey G, Daturi M. Discovering the Active Sites for C3 Separation in MIL-100(Fe) by Using Operando IR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2012; 18:11959-67. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Hauchecorne D, Nagels N, van der Veken BJ, Herrebout WA. C–X⋯π halogen and C–H⋯π hydrogen bonding: interactions of CF3X (X = Cl, Br, I or H) with ethene and propene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:681-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22771h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Discovery of Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Intermolecular FLPs for Activation of Small Molecules. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2012_381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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24
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Zhao X, Stephan DW. Frustrated Lewis pair olefin addition reactions: P-, N-, C- and H-based nucleophilic additions to an olefin-tethered borane. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20262j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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25
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Zhao X, Stephan DW. Olefin–Borane “van der Waals Complexes”: Intermediates in Frustrated Lewis Pair Addition Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12448-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ja205598k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
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26
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Leclerc H, Vimont A, Lavalley JC, Daturi M, Wiersum AD, Llwellyn PL, Horcajada P, Férey G, Serre C. Infrared study of the influence of reducible iron(iii) metal sites on the adsorption of CO, CO2, propane, propene and propyne in the mesoporous metal–organic framework MIL-100. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:11748-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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27
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Stephan D, Erker G. Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Metal-free Hydrogen Activation and More. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 49:46-76. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1641] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Stephan D, Erker G. Frustrierte Lewis-Paare: metallfreie Wasserstoffaktivierung und mehr. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 640] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Fuks G, Saffon N, Maron L, Bertrand G, Bourissou D. Ionic-Type Reactivity of 1,3-Dibora-2,4-diphosphoniocyclobutane-1,3-diyls: Regio- and Stereoselective Addition of Hydracids. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13681-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja903746p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gad Fuks
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée, Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France,CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Structure Fédérative Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Toulouse, UPS, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS,
| | - Nathalie Saffon
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée, Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France,CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Structure Fédérative Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Toulouse, UPS, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS,
| | - Laurent Maron
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée, Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France,CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Structure Fédérative Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Toulouse, UPS, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS,
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée, Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France,CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Structure Fédérative Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Toulouse, UPS, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS,
| | - Didier Bourissou
- UCR-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 2957), Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521-0403, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée, Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France,CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Structure Fédérative Toulousaine en Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Toulouse, UPS, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS,
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30
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Tran NL, Bohrer FI, Trogler WC, Kummel AC. A density functional theory study of the correlation between analyte basicity, ZnPc adsorption strength, and sensor response. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:204307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3134743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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31
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Stephan DW. Frustrated Lewis pairs: a new strategy to small molecule activation and hydrogenation catalysis. Dalton Trans 2009:3129-36. [PMID: 19421613 DOI: 10.1039/b819621d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of Lewis acids and bases that are sterically precluded from forming Lewis acid-base adducts, termed Frustrated Lewis pairs provide a unique route to the activation of small molecules and applications in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6.
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32
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Bohrer FI, Colesniuc CN, Park J, Ruidiaz ME, Schuller IK, Kummel AC, Trogler WC. Comparative Gas Sensing in Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, and Metal-Free Phthalocyanine Chemiresistors. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 131:478-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803531r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Forest I. Bohrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Corneliu N. Colesniuc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Jeongwon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Manuel E. Ruidiaz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ivan K. Schuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Andrew C. Kummel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - William C. Trogler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093
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33
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Guo Y, Li S. A Novel Addition Mechanism for the Reaction of “Frustrated Lewis Pairs” with Olefins. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Stephan DW. “Frustrated Lewis pairs”: a concept for new reactivity and catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1535-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b802575b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Stirling A, Hamza A, Rokob TA, Pápai I. Concerted attack of frustrated Lewis acid–base pairs on olefinic double bonds: a theoretical study. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3148-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b804662j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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McCahill JSJ, Welch GC, Stephan DW. Reactivity of “Frustrated Lewis Pairs”: Three-Component Reactions of Phosphines, a Borane, and Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:4968-71. [PMID: 17526043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny S J McCahill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
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37
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McCahill J, Welch G, Stephan D. Reactivity of “Frustrated Lewis Pairs”: Three-Component Reactions of Phosphines, a Borane, and Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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Roy D, Sunoj RB. Intramolecular nonbonding interactions in organoseleniums: Quantification using a computational thermochemical approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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A Theoretical Study of the Interaction Between Cytosine and BX3 (X = F, Cl) Systems. J SOLUTION CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-007-9120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Bohrer FI, Sharoni A, Colesniuc C, Park J, Schuller IK, Kummel AC, Trogler WC. Gas Sensing Mechanism in Chemiresistive Cobalt and Metal-Free Phthalocyanine Thin Films. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:5640-6. [PMID: 17411043 DOI: 10.1021/ja0689379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The gas sensing behaviors of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and metal-free phthalocyanine (H2Pc) thin films were investigated with respect to analyte basicity. Chemiresistive sensors were fabricated by deposition of 50 nm thick films on interdigitated gold electrodes via organic molecular beam epitaxy (OMBE). Time-dependent current responses of the films were measured at constant voltage during exposure to analyte vapor doses. The analytes spanned a range of electron donor and hydrogen-bonding strengths. It was found that, when the analyte exceeded a critical base strength, the device responses for CoPc correlated with Lewis basicity, and device responses for H2Pc correlated with hydrogen-bond basicity. This suggests that the analyte-phthalocyanine interaction is dominated by binding to the central cavity of the phthalocyanine with analyte coordination strength governing CoPc sensor responses and analyte hydrogen-bonding ability governing H2Pc sensor responses. The interactions between the phthalocyanine films and analytes were found to follow first-order kinetics. The influence of O2 on the film response was found to significantly affect sensor response and recovery. The increase of resistance generally observed for analyte binding can be attributed to hole destruction in the semiconductor film by oxygen displacement, as well as hole trapping by electron donor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forest I Bohrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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41
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ELDRED BENJAMINT, OWNBY PDARRELL, SAUNDERS WEDWIN. The Boron Trifluoride/Nitromethane Ratio of the BF3·CH3NO2Adduct. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/ss-100100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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42
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Everaert GP, Herrebout WA, van der Veken BJ. An ab initio and cryospectroscopic study of the hydrogen chloride and boron trifluoride complexes of cyclopropene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 61:1375-1387. [PMID: 15820870 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2004] [Revised: 10/12/2004] [Accepted: 10/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Mid-infrared spectra of cyclopropene (c-C3H4) mixtures with HCl or BF3, dissolved in liquefied argon and in liquefied nitrogen have been examined. Evidence was found for the formation of two different isomers of the 1:1 complexes: a pi-type complex in which the interaction occurs with the pi-bond of cyclopropene, and a sigma-type complex in which the electron acceptors interact with one of the CC single bonds. At lower temperatures, indications for the formation of a 1:2 chain-type complex were found. Using spectra recorded between 90 and 124 K in liquid argon, the complexation enthalpies for the pi- and sigma-complexes with HCl were determined to be -8.8(3) and -7.9(3) kJ mol-1, respectively. For the pi-complex with BF3 a value of -7.4(3)kJ mol-1 was found. Structural and spectral information on the 1:1 complexes was obtained from B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) and MP2(FC)/6-31+G(d) calculations. Using Free Energy Perturbation Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the solvent influences, and statistical thermodynamics to account for zero-point vibrational and thermal contributions, the solution enthalpies were transformed into complexation energies with values of -15.5(6) and -13.8(8) kJ mol-1 for the pi- and sigma-isomers of c-C3H4.HCl, respectively, and of -12.7(8) kJ mol-1 for the pi-type BF3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert P Everaert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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43
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Herrebout WA, Gatin A, Everaert GP, Fishman AI, van der Veken BJ. A cryosolution infrared and ab initio study of the van der Waals complexes of cyclopentene with hydrogen chloride and boron trifluoride. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 61:1431-1444. [PMID: 15820876 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/21/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The formation of weak molecular complexes of cyclopentene with HCl and BF3, dissolved in liquid argon is investigated using infrared spectroscopy. Evidence is found for the formation of 1:1 complexes in which the Lewis acid under study binds to the CC double bond. At higher concentrations of HCl, weak absorption bands due to 1:2 species are also observed. From spectra recorded at different temperatures between 92 and 127 K, the complexation enthalpies for CP.HCl and CP.BF3 are determined to be -9.5(3) and -16.1(9) kJ mol-1, while for CP.(HCl)2 a value of -17.0(6) kJ mol-1 is obtained. For the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, structural and spectral information is obtained from ab initio calculations at the MP2/6-31+G(d) level. Using free energy perturbation Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the solvation enthalpies and statistical thermodynamics to account for zero-point vibrational and thermal contributions, the complexation energies for CP.HCl and CP.(HCl)2 are estimated from the experimental complexation enthalpies to be -17.4(14) and -34.0(20) kJ mol-1, while the value for CP.BF3 was derived to be -23.4(22) kJ mol-1. The experimental complexation energies are compared with the theoretical values derived from the MP2/6-31+G(d) potential energy surfaces and with single point energies calculated at the MP2/6-311++G(3df,2pd) level.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Herrebout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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45
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Everaert GP, Herrebout WA, van der Veken BJ. Ab Initio and Cryospectroscopic Investigation of the Van der Waals Complexes of Methylcyclopropane with Hydrogen Chloride and Boron Trifluoride. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011894s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gert P. Everaert
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Wouter A. Herrebout
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Benjamin J. van der Veken
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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46
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Kim KS, Tarakeshwar P, Lee JY. Molecular Clusters of pi-Systems: Theoretical Studies of Structures, Spectra, and Origin of Interaction Energies. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4145-86. [PMID: 11749343 DOI: 10.1021/cr990051i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 917] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K S Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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Vibrational spectra and relative stabilities of the van der Waals complexes of boron trifluoride with cis -2-butene, trans -2-butene and 2-methyl propene. J Mol Struct 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(00)00397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Herrebout WA, Szostak R, van der Veken BJ. Methylenecyclopropane−Boron Trifluoride van der Waals Complexes; an Infrared and DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001677b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter A. Herrebout
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Benjamin J. van der Veken
- Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Arp Z, Herrebout WA, Laane J, van der Veken BJ. Infrared and ab Initio Study of the Relative Stability and Geometry of the 3-Fluoropropene−Hydrogen Chloride van der Waals Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp000559l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Arp
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, and Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - W. A. Herrebout
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, and Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - J. Laane
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, and Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - B. J. van der Veken
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, and Department of Chemistry, Universitair Centrum Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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