1
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Melidis L, Styles IB, Hannon MJ. Targeting structural features of viral genomes with a nano-sized supramolecular drug. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7174-7184. [PMID: 34123344 PMCID: PMC8153246 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00933h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA targeting is an exciting frontier for drug design. Intriguing targets include functional RNA structures in structurally-conserved untranslated regions (UTRs) of many lethal viruses. However, computational docking screens, valuable in protein structure targeting, fail for inherently flexible RNA. Herein we harness MD simulations with Markov state modeling to enable nanosize metallo-supramolecular cylinders to explore the dynamic RNA conformational landscape of HIV-1 TAR untranslated region RNA (representative for many viruses) replicating experimental observations. These cylinders are exciting as they have unprecedented nucleic acid binding and are the first supramolecular helicates shown to have anti-viral activity in cellulo: the approach developed in this study provides additional new insight about how such viral UTR structures might be targeted with the cylinder binding into the heart of an RNA-bulge cavity, how that reduces the conformational flexibility of the RNA and molecular details of the insertion mechanism. The approach and understanding developed represents a new roadmap for design of supramolecular drugs to target RNA structural motifs across biology and nucleic acid nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazaros Melidis
- Physical Sciences for Health Centre, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Iain B Styles
- Physical Sciences for Health Centre, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham The Midlands UK
- Alan Turing Institute London UK
| | - Michael J Hannon
- Physical Sciences for Health Centre, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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2
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Ezhilarasu T, Balasubramanian S. Synthesis, Characterization, Photophysical and Electrochemical Studies of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 4′‐Substituted Terpyridine Ligands and Their Biological Applications. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamilarasu Ezhilarasu
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of MadrasGuindy Campus Chennai-600 025, Tamilnadu India
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3
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Gomha SM, Abdelrazek FM, Abdelrahman AH, Metz P. Synthesis of some new Pyridine-based Heterocyclic Compounds with Anticipated Antitumor Activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sobhi M. Gomha
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Fathy M. Abdelrazek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, TU Dresden; Dresden 01062 Germany
| | - Aly H. Abdelrahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Peter Metz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, TU Dresden; Dresden 01062 Germany
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4
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Hossain MD, Rana U, Chakraborty C, Li J, Nagano R, Minowa T, Higuchi M. Effect of metal–metal distance in Ni(ii)-based metallo-supramolecular polymers: DNA binding and cytotoxicity. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05644c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two metallo-supramolecular polymers (polyNiL1 and polyNiL2) with different metal–metal distances were synthesized via (1 : 1) complexation of the Ni salts with bis(1,10-phenanthroline)s and their DNA binding properties and cytotoxicity were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Delwar Hossain
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Utpal Rana
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Chanchal Chakraborty
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Jinghua Li
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Reiko Nagano
- Nanotechnology Innovation Station
- NIMS
- Tsukuba 305-0047
- Japan
| | - Takashi Minowa
- Nanotechnology Innovation Station
- NIMS
- Tsukuba 305-0047
- Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
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5
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Alberti E, Zampakou M, Donghi D. Covalent and non-covalent binding of metal complexes to RNA. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:278-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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6
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Tawfik SM, Hefni HH. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of polysaccharide alginate derived cationic surfactant-metal(II) complexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 82:562-72. [PMID: 26478092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
New natural polysaccharide carbohydrate derivatives of sodium alginate surfactant and its cobalt, copper and zinc complexes were synthesized. Structures of the synthesized compounds are reported using FTIR, (1)H NMR and UV-vis. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of the alginate surfactant and its metal complexes in aqueous solution was found out from surface tension measurements. Surface tension data at different temperatures served for the evaluation of the temperature-dependent CMC and the thermodynamics of micellization (ΔGmic, ΔHmic, ΔSmic) and adsorption (ΔGads, ΔGads, ΔSads). The surface activities of the synthesized polymeric surfactant and its metal complexes were influenced by their chemical structures and the type of the transition metals. These compounds were evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (Candida albicans and Asperigllus niger). The antibacterial and antifungal screening tests of the alginate surfactant metal complexes have shown good results compared to its precursor alginate surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah M Tawfik
- Petrochemicals Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hassan H Hefni
- Petrochemicals Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Nagaraj K, Sakthinathan S, Arunachalam S. Biophysical insights into the intercalative interaction of surfactant cobalt(III) complexes of certain diimine ligands bound to yeast tRNA: Effects of hydrophobicity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 147:93-98. [PMID: 25827770 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of two surfactant cobalt(III) complexes, cis-[Co(ip)₂(DA)₂](ClO₄)₃ 1 and cis-[Co(dpq)₂(DA)₂](ClO₄)₃ 2 where ip=imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and dpq=dipyrido[3,2-d:2'-3'-f]quinoxaline with yeast tRNA have been explored by using electronic absorption, competitive binding, electrochemical studies and viscosity measurements. The results suggest that these complexes can bind to tRNA by intercalation. The presence of hydrophobic diimine ligand and the long aliphatic double chains of these complexes facilitate its intercalative interaction with the hydrophobic interior of the tRNA. The extent of tRNA binding of complex 2 has greater affinity than that of complex containing imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppiah Nagaraj
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichirappalli 620024, Tamilnadu, India
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8
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Kadayat TM, Song C, Shin S, Magar TBT, Bist G, Shrestha A, Thapa P, Na Y, Kwon Y, Lee ES. Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship study of 2-phenyl- or hydroxylated 2-phenyl-4-aryl-5H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridines. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3499-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Kadayat TM, Park C, Jun KY, Thapa Magar TB, Bist G, Yoo HY, Kwon Y, Lee ES. Hydroxylated 2,4-diphenyl indenopyridine derivatives as a selective non-intercalative topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 90:302-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Sun W, Zhu Y, Wang A, Kong L, Li S, Wu J, Tian Y. Formation and nonlinear optical properties of Ag nanocrystals capped with the conjugated ligand carbazolyl styryl terpyridine. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00587f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NLO (non-linear optics) properties of the optical organic molecules were significantly improved when capped with nano-Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Yingzhong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Anran Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Lin Kong
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Jieying Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
| | - Yupeng Tian
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230039
- China
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11
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Mårtensson AKF, Lincoln P. Binding of Ru(terpyridine)(pyridine)dipyridophenazine to DNA studied with polarized spectroscopy and calorimetry. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3604-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02642j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Achiral Ru(tpy)(py)dppz2+ intercalated into DNA has similar intermolecular interactions as opposite enantiomers of its structural isomer, the “light-switch” complex Ru(bpy)2dppz2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. F. Mårtensson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- SE-41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Per Lincoln
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- SE-41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
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12
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Effect of hydrophobicity on intercalative binding of some surfactant copper(II) complexes with tRNA. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Nagaraj K, Ambika S, Rajasri S, Sakthinathan S, Arunachalam S. Synthesis, micellization behavior, antimicrobial and intercalative DNA binding of some novel surfactant copper(II) complexes containing modified phenanthroline ligands. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:151-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Discovery of dihydroxylated 2,4-diphenyl-6-thiophen-2-yl-pyridine as a non-intercalative DNA-binding topoisomerase II-specific catalytic inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:428-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Nagaraj K, Ambika S, Arunachalam S. Synthesis, CMC determination, and intercalative binding interaction with nucleic acid of a surfactant–copper(II) complex with modified phenanthroline ligand (dpq). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:274-88. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.879837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Nagaraj K, Murugan KS, Thangamuniyandi P, Sakthinathan S. Nucleic acid binding study of surfactant copper(ii) complex containing dipyrido[3,2-a:2′-3′-c]phenazine ligand as an intercalator: in vitro antitumor activity of complex in human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cancer cells. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08049a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A new surfactant copper(ii) complex, [Cu(dppz)2DA](ClO4)2, where dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′-3′-c]phenazine and DA-dodecylamine, has been synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppiah Nagaraj
- School of Chemistry
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirapalli 620024, India
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17
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Mendes da Silva JF, Yepes Perez AF, Pinto de Almeida N. An efficient and new protocol for phosphine-free Suzuki coupling reaction using palladium-encapsulated and air-stable MIDA boronates in an aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03586k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple methodology for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions using microencapsulated palladium and (het)aryl MIDA boronates in water–alcohol under phosphine-free conditions was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andres Felipe Yepes Perez
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Santander (UDES). Centro Investigación en Ciencias Químicas y Tecnologías Sostenibles-QUIMISOST Cidade Universitária
- Campus Lagos del Cacique Bucaramanga
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18
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Nucleic Acid Binding Behavior and Cytotoxicity Properties of a Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complex. J SOLUTION CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-013-0008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Lakshmipraba J, Arunachalam S, Riyasdeen A, Dhivya R, Vignesh S, Akbarsha MA, James RA. DNA/RNA binding and anticancer/antimicrobial activities of polymer-copper(II) complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 109:23-31. [PMID: 23501713 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Water soluble polymer-copper(II) complexes with various degrees of coordination in the polymer chain were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-visible and EPR spectra. The DNA/RNA binding behavior of these polymer-copper(II) complexes was examined by UV-visible absorption, emission and circular dichroism spectroscopic methods, and cyclic voltammetry techniques. The binding of the polymer-copper(II) complexes with DNA/RNA was mainly through intercalation but some amount of electrostatic interaction was also observed. This binding capacity increased with the degree of coordination of the complexes. The polymer-copper(II) complex having the highest degree of coordination was subjected to analysis of cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties. The cytotoxicity study indicated that the polymer-copper(II) complexes affected the viability of MCF-7 mammary carcinoma cells, and the cells responded to the treatment with mostly through apoptosis although a few cells succumbed to necrosis. The antimicrobial screening showed activity against some human pathogens.
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20
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Liu J, Tan LF, Jin LH, Luan F. Synthesis, Characterization, Nucleic Acid Binding, and Cytotoxic Activity of a Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complex. DNA Cell Biol 2012; 31:250-8. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Li-Feng Tan
- Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Lian-He Jin
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Luan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, P.R. China
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21
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McKinley AW, Lincoln P, Tuite EM. Environmental effects on the photophysics of transition metal complexes with dipyrido[2,3-a:3′,2′-c]phenazine (dppz) and related ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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22
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Jeong BS, Choi HY, Kwak YS, Lee ES. Synthesis of 2,4,6-Tripyridyl Pyridines, and Evaluation of Their Antitumor Cytotoxicity, Topoisomerase I and II Inhibitory Activity, and Structure-activity Relationship. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.10.3566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Cárdenas-Jirón GI, Barboza CA, López R, Menéndez MI. Theoretical Study on the Electronic Excitations of a Porphyrin-Polypyridyl Ruthenium(II) Photosensitizer. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:11988-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jp202377d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria I. Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina A. Barboza
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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24
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Tan LF, Song FC, Zou XQ, Ling XL. Nucleic acid binding behaviors and cytotoxic properties of a Ru(II) complex. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 30:277-85. [PMID: 21323576 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2010.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions of complex [Ru(bpy)(2)(hnip)](2+) (1) {bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, hnip = 2-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline} with calf thymus DNA and yeast tRNA were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity, equilibrium dialysis, and circular dichroism. In addition, the antitumor activities of complex 1 were evaluated with MTT method. These results indicate that the structures of DNA and RNA have significant effects on the binding behaviors of complex 1. Further, complex 1 demonstrates different antitumor activities against selected cancer cell lines in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China.
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25
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Xu Z, Swavey S. Light induced photoreactions with plasmid DNA by Cu/Ru and Cu/Ru/Pt multi-metallic porphyrins. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:7319-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10350d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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26
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Liang X, Zou X, Tan L, Zhu W. Study on nucleic acid (CT-DNA and yeast tRNA) binding behaviors and cytotoxic properties of a heterodinuclear Ru(II)-Co(III) polypyridyl complex. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:1259-66. [PMID: 20837360 PMCID: PMC7126775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A heterodinuclear (Ru(II), Co(III)) metal polypyridyl complex [(phen)(2)Ru(bpibH(2))Co(phen)(2)](5+) {phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpibH(2) = 1,4-bis([1,10]phebanthroline-[5,6-d]imidazol-2-yl)-benzene} has been designed and synthesized. The comparative study on the interactions of the Ru(II)-Co(III) complex with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and yeast tRNA has been investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity, as well as equilibrium dialysis and circular dichroism (CD). The antitumor activities of the complex have been evaluated by MTT {3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide} method and Giemsa staining experiment. These results indicate that the structures of nucleic acids have significant effects on the binding behaviors of metal complexes. Furthermore, the complex demonstrates different antitumor activity against selected tumor cell lines in vitro, and can make the cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiling Liang
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zou
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Lifeng Tan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
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27
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Karki R, Thapa P, Kwon YJ, Lee ES. Synthesis, Topoisomerase I and II Inhibitory Activities, and Cytotoxicity of 4,6-Diaryl-2,4'-bipyridine Derivatives. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.6.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship study of hydroxylated 2,4-diphenyl-6-aryl pyridines. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:3066-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Ho MY, Chiou ML, Chang RC, Chen YH, Cheng CC. Outer membrane protein OmpF involved in the transportation of polypyridyl ruthenium complexes into Escherichia coli. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:614-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Lakshmipraba J, Arunachalam S. Studies on the interactions of polymer-anchored copper(II) complexes with tRNA. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-010-9352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Jadhav SV, Ingole PG, Bajaj HC. Ionic-Liquid Salt-Mediated Synthesis of 4′-(Pyridyl)-terpyridines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910903046838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Thapa P, Karki R, Choi H, Choi JH, Yun M, Jeong BS, Jung MJ, Nam JM, Na Y, Cho WJ, Kwon Y, Lee ES. Synthesis of 2-(thienyl-2-yl or -3-yl)-4-furyl-6-aryl pyridine derivatives and evaluation of their topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2245-2254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Holcomb DR, Ropp PA, Theil EC, Thorp HH. Nature of guanine oxidation in RNA via the flash-quench technique versus direct oxidation by a metal oxo complex. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:786-95. [PMID: 20038124 PMCID: PMC2812480 DOI: 10.1021/ic9008619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of RNA can be effected by two different techniques: a photochemical, electron-transfer method termed "flash-quench" and direct oxidation by metal oxo complexes. The flash-quench method produces selective oxidation using a metal photosensitizer, tris(bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) trichloride (Ru(bpy)(3)(3+)), and quencher, pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride (Co(NH(3))(5)Cl(2+)). We have optimized the flash-quench technique for the following RNAs: tRNA(Phe), human ferritin iron-responsive element (IRE), and a mutated human ferritin IRE. We have also employed a chemical footprinting technique involving the oxoruthenium(IV) complex (Ru(tpy)(bpy)O(2+) (tpy = 2,2',2''-terpyridine; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine)) to oxidize guanine. Comparison of the two methods shows that the flash-quench technique provides a visualization of nucleotide accessibility for a static conformation of RNA while the Ru(tpy)(bpy)O(2+) complex selectively oxidizes labile guanines and gives a visualization of a composite of multiple conformations of the RNA structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana R. Holcomb
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290
| | - Patricia A. Ropp
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290
| | - Elizabeth C. Theil
- Center for BioIron at the Children’s Hospital of Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3104
| | - H. Holden Thorp
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290
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34
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Craver E, McCrate A, Nielsen M, Swavey S. Tris-ruthenium(II)/copper(II) multimetallic porphyrin: Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding and supercoiled DNA photocleavage studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Liang XL, Tan LF. Nucleic Acid (Calf Thymus-DNA, Yeast tRNA) Binding and Cytotoxic Properties of a Dinuclear (Ru,Co) Metal Polypyridyl Complex. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch10178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on [L2Ru{DPPZ(11–11′)DPPZ}RuL2]4+ (where L = 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2′-bipyridyl, DPPZ(11–11′)DPPZ = 11,11′-bi(dipyrido-[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]-phenazinyl)), a heterodinuclear (Ru,Co) metal polypyridyl complex [(phen)2Ru{DPPZ(11–11′)DPPZ}Co(phen)2]5+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been designed and synthesized. A comparative study on the interaction of the complex with calf thymus DNA and yeast tRNA was investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and viscosity measurements, as well as equilibrium dialysis and circular dichroism. The antitumour activities of the complex were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetraazolium bromide method and Giemsa staining experiment. These results indicate that the configuration and structures of nucleic acids have significant effects on the binding behaviours of metal complexes. Furthermore, the complex shows different antitumour activities against selected tumour cell lines, and can cause cell apoptosis.
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36
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Thapa P, Karki R, Thapa U, Jahng Y, Jung MJ, Nam JM, Na Y, Kwon Y, Lee ES. 2-Thienyl-4-furyl-6-aryl pyridine derivatives: Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship study. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:377-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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2,6-Dithienyl-4-furyl pyridines: Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibition, cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationship, and docking study. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:42-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Butsch K, Gust R, Klein A, Ott I, Romanski M. Tuning the electronic properties of dppz-ligands and their palladium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:4331-40. [DOI: 10.1039/b926233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Haeubl M, Reith LM, Gruber B, Karner U, Müller N, Knör G, Schoefberger W. DNA interactions and photocatalytic strand cleavage by artificial nucleases based on water-soluble gold(III) porphyrins. J Biol Inorg Chem 2009; 14:1037-52. [PMID: 19471974 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-009-0547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel gold porphyrin complex (5,10,15-tris(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-20-(1-pyrenyl)-porphyrinato)gold(III) chloride, [Au(III)(TMPy3Pyr1P)]Cl4, was prepared and characterized by optical spectroscopy, high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray mass spectrometry. This cationic multichromophore compound exhibits excellent water solubility and does not form aggregates under physiological conditions. Binding interactions of this complex and related model compounds with nucleic acid substrates have been studied and characterized by NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The photoreactivity of [Au(III)(TMPy3Pyr1P)]Cl4 was investigated under anaerobic and aerobic conditions in the presence of an excess of purine nucleoside, guanosine, and plasmid DNA. Photocatalytic oxidative degradation of guanosine and the change from supercoiled to circular plasmid DNA upon monochromatic irradiation and polychromatic blue-light exposure with a maximum at 420 nm was explored. The potential of the novel water-soluble cationic metallointercalator complex [Au(III)(TMPy3Pyr1P)]Cl4 to serve as a catalytic photonuclease for the cleavage of DNA has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Haeubl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU), Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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40
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Cummings SD. Platinum complexes of terpyridine: Interaction and reactivity with biomolecules. Coord Chem Rev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Cunningham M, McCrate A, Nielsen M, Swavey S. Highly Efficient Visible-Light-Induced Photocleavage of DNA by a Ruthenium-Substituted Fluorinated Porphyrin. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Sensitive voltammetric detection of yeast RNA based on its interaction with Victoria Blue B. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2009. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc0912467z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Voltammetric studies of the interaction of yeast RNA (y-RNA) with Victoria Blue B (VBB) are described in this paper. Furthermore, a linear sweep voltammetric method for the detection of y-RNA was established. The reaction conditions, such as acidity and amount of buffer solution, the concentration of VBB, the reaction time and temperature, etc., were carefully investigated by second order derivative linear sweep voltammetry. Under the optimal conditions, the reduction peak current of VBB at -0.75V decreased greatly after the addition of y-RNA to the solution without any shift of the reduction peak potential. Based on the decrease of the peak current, a new quantitative method for the determination of y-RNA was developed. The effects of co-existing substances on the determination were carefully investigated and three synthetic samples were determined with satisfactory results. The stoichiometry of the VBB-y-RNA complex was calculated by linear sweep voltammetry and the interaction mechanism is discussed.
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43
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Kikkeri R, García-Rubio I, Seeberger PH. Ru(ii)–carbohydrate dendrimers as photoinduced electron transfer lectinbiosensors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:235-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b814146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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44
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2,6-Dithienyl-4-arylpyridines: Synthesis, Topoisomerase I and II Inhibition and Structure-activity Relationship. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.8.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Davia K, King D, Hong Y, Swavey S. A porphyrin–ruthenium photosensitizer as a potential photodynamic therapy agent. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2008.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Basnet A, Thapa P, Karki R, Na Y, Jahng Y, Jeong BS, Jeong TC, Lee CS, Lee ES. 2,4,6-Trisubstituted pyridines: Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4351-9. [PMID: 17493824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Designed and synthesized were a series of pyridines substituted at 2, 4, and 6 positions with various 5- or 6-memberd heteroaromatics as antitumor agents. They were evaluated their topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activities along with cytotoxicities against several human cancer cell lines. Among the prepared compounds, 10-20 showed significant topoisomerase I or II inhibitory activities, and 21-26 showed considerable cytotoxicities against several human cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship study indicates that 4'-pyridine at 6-position of central pyridine plays a key role in biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Basnet
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
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47
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Liu Y, Hammitt R, Lutterman DA, Thummel RP, Turro C. Marked Differences in Light-Switch Behavior of Ru(II) Complexes Possessing a Tridentate DNA Intercalating Ligand. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:6011-21. [PMID: 17567125 DOI: 10.1021/ic700484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The tridentate ligand 3-(pyrid-2'-yl)dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (pydppz) has been prepared in two steps by elaboration of 2-(pyrid-2'-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline. Both homoleptic [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+) and heteroleptic [Ru(tpy)(pydppz)](2+) (tpy = 2,2';6',2' '-terpyridine) complexes have been prepared and characterized by (1)H NMR. The absorption and emission spectra are consistent with low-lying MLCT excited states, which are typical of Ru(II) complexes. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements show that that the (3)MLCT excited state of the heteroleptic complex [Ru(tpy)(pydppz)](2+) (tau approximately 5 ns) is longer-lived than that of the homoleptic complex [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+) (tau = 2.4 ns) and that these lifetimes are significantly longer than that of the (3)MLCT state of the parent complex [Ru(tpy)(2)](2+) (tau = 120 ps). These differences are explained by the lower-energy (3)MLCT excited state present in [Ru(tpy)(pydppz)](2+) and [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+) compared to [Ru(tpy)(2)](2+), resulting in less deactivation of the former through the ligand-field state(s). DFT and TDDFT calculations are consistent with this explanation. [Ru(tpy)(pydppz)](2+) and [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+) bind to DNA through the intercalation of the pydppz ligand; however, only the heteroleptic complex exhibits luminescence enhancement in the presence of DNA. The difference in the photophysical behavior of the complexes is explained by the inability of [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+) to intercalate both pydppz ligands, such that one pydppz always remains exposed to the solvent. DNA photocleavage is observed for [Ru(tpy)(pydppz)](2+) in air, but not for [Ru(pydppz)(2)](2+). The DNA damage likely proceeds through the production of small amounts of (1)O(2) by the longer-lived complex. Although both complexes possess the intercalating pydppz ligand, they exhibit different photophysical properties in the presence of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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48
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Son JK, Zhao LX, Basnet A, Thapa P, Karki R, Na Y, Jahng Y, Jeong TC, Jeong BS, Lee CS, Lee ES. Synthesis of 2,6-diaryl-substituted pyridines and their antitumor activities. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 43:675-82. [PMID: 17673337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For the development of novel antitumor agents, we designed and synthesized 2,6-diaryl-substituted pyridine derivatives bearing three aryl groups, which are the bioisosteres of terpyridine, and evaluated their biological activities. Most of the 18 prepared compounds showed moderate cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines. From the structure-activity relationships we may conclude that the number of aryl groups employed would be critical for their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Keun Son
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan 712-749, South Korea
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49
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Foxon S, Phillips T, Gill M, Towrie M, Parker A, Webb M, Thomas J. A Multifunctional Light Switch: DNA Binding and Cleavage Properties of a Heterobimetallic Ruthenium–Rhenium Dipyridophenazine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Foxon SP, Phillips T, Gill MR, Towrie M, Parker AW, Webb M, Thomas JA. A Multifunctional Light Switch: DNA Binding and Cleavage Properties of a Heterobimetallic Ruthenium–Rhenium Dipyridophenazine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3686-8. [PMID: 17397125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Foxon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
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