1
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Malik DD, Ryu W, Kim Y, Singh G, Kim JH, Sankaralingam M, Lee YM, Seo MS, Sundararajan M, Ocampo D, Roemelt M, Park K, Kim SH, Baik MH, Shearer J, Ray K, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. Identification, Characterization, and Electronic Structures of Interconvertible Cobalt-Oxygen TAML Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13817-13835. [PMID: 38716885 PMCID: PMC11216523 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of Li[(TAML)CoIII]·3H2O (TAML = tetraamido macrocyclic tetraanionic ligand) with iodosylbenzene at 253 K in acetone in the presence of redox-innocent metal ions (Sc(OTf)3 and Y(OTf)3) or triflic acid affords a blue species 1, which is converted reversibly to a green species 2 upon cooling to 193 K. The electronic structures of 1 and 2 have been determined by combining advanced spectroscopic techniques (X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), X-ray absorption spectroscopy/extended X-ray absorption fine structure (XAS/EXAFS), and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD)) with ab initio theoretical studies. Complex 1 is best represented as an S = 1/2 [(Sol)(TAML•+)CoIII---OH(LA)]- species (LA = Lewis/Brønsted acid and Sol = solvent), where an S = 1 Co(III) center is antiferromagnetically coupled to S = 1/2 TAML•+, which represents a one-electron oxidized TAML ligand. In contrast, complex 2, also with an S = 1/2 ground state, is found to be multiconfigurational with contributions of both the resonance forms [(H-TAML)CoIV═O(LA)]- and [(H-TAML•+)CoIII═O(LA)]-; H-TAML and H-TAML•+ represent the protonated forms of TAML and TAML•+ ligands, respectively. Thus, the interconversion of 1 and 2 is associated with a LA-associated tautomerization event, whereby H+ shifts from the terminal -OH group to TAML•+ with the concomitant formation of a terminal cobalt-oxo species possessing both singlet (SCo = 0) Co(III) and doublet (SCo = 1/2) Co(IV) characters. The reactivities of 1 and 2 at different temperatures have been investigated in oxygen atom transfer (OAT) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions to compare the activation enthalpies and entropies of 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deesha D Malik
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wooyeol Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yujeong Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Gurjot Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jun-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | | | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Mi Sook Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Mahesh Sundararajan
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Daniel Ocampo
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212-7200, United States
| | - Michael Roemelt
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kiyoung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212-7200, United States
| | - Kallol Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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2
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Trampuž M, Žnidarič M, Gallou F, Časar Z. Does the Red Shift in UV-Vis Spectra Really Provide a Sensing Option for Detection of N-Nitrosamines Using Metalloporphyrins? ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:1154-1167. [PMID: 36643536 PMCID: PMC9835193 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
N-nitrosamines are widespread cancerogenic compounds in human environment, including water, tobacco products, food, and medicinal products. Their presence in pharmaceuticals has recently led to several recalls of important medicines from the market, and strict controls and tight limits of N-nitrosamines are now required. Analytical determination of N-nitrosamines is expensive, laborious, and time-inefficient making development of simpler and faster techniques for their detection crucial. Several reports published in the previous decade have demonstrated that cobalt porphyrin-based chemosensors selectively bind N-nitrosamines, which produces a red shift of characteristic Soret band in UV-Vis spectra. In this study, a thorough re-evaluation of metalloporphyrin/N-nitrosamine adducts was performed using various characterization methods. Herein, we demonstrate that while N-nitrosamines can interact directly with cobalt-based porphyrin complexes, the red shift in UV-Vis spectra is not selectively assured and might also result from the interaction between impurities in N-nitrosamines and porphyrin skeleton or interaction of other functional groups within the N-nitrosamine structure and the metal ion within the porphyrin. We show that pyridine nitrogen is the interacting atom in tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs), as pyridine itself is an active ligand and not the N-nitrosamine moiety. When using Co(II) porphyrins as chemosensors, acidic and basic impurities in dialkyl N-nitrosamines (e.g., formic acid, dimethylamine) are also UV-Vis spectra red shift-producing species. Treatment of these N-nitrosamines with K2CO3 prevents the observed UV-Vis phenomena. These results imply that cobalt-based metalloporphyrins cannot be considered as selective chemosensors for UV-Vis detection of N-nitrosamine moiety-containing species. Therefore, special caution in interpretation of UV-Vis red shift for chemical sensors is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Trampuž
- Lek
Pharmaceuticals d.d., Sandoz Development
Center Slovenia, Kolodvorska
27, 1234 Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Žnidarič
- Lek
Pharmaceuticals d.d., Sandoz Development
Center Slovenia, Kolodvorska
27, 1234 Mengeš, Slovenia
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical
and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Zdenko Časar
- Lek
Pharmaceuticals d.d., Sandoz Development
Center Slovenia, Kolodvorska
27, 1234 Mengeš, Slovenia
- Chair
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Miao H, Guan M, Xiong T, Zhang G, Zhang Q. Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroamination of Arylalkenes with Secondary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213913. [PMID: 36342476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric hydroamination of alkenes with Lewis basic amines is of great interest but remains a challenge in synthetic chemistry. Here, we developed a Co-catalyzed asymmetric hydroamination of arylalkenes directly using commercially accessible secondary amines. This process enables the efficient access to valuable α-chiral tertiary amines in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction includes a CoH-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) with arylalkenes, followed by a pivotal catalyst controlled SN 2-like pathway between in situ generated electrophilic cationic alkylcobalt(IV) species and free amines. This radical-polar crossover strategy not only provides a straightforward and alternative approach for the synthesis of enantioenriched α-tertiary amines, but also underpins the substantial opportunities in developing asymmetric radical functionalization of alkenes with various free nucleophiles in oxidative MHAT catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanran Miao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
| | - Meihui Guan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
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4
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Wilson CV, Kim D, Sharma A, Hooper RX, Poli R, Hoffman BM, Holland PL. Cobalt-Carbon Bonding in a Salen-Supported Cobalt(IV) Alkyl Complex Postulated in Oxidative MHAT Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10361-10367. [PMID: 35657101 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic hydrofunctionalization of alkenes through radical-polar crossover metal hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) offers a mild pathway for the introduction of functional groups in sterically congested environments. For M = Co, this reaction is often proposed to proceed through secondary alkylcobalt(IV) intermediates, which have not been characterized unambiguously. Here, we characterize a metastable (salen)Co(isopropyl) cation, which is capable of forming C-O bonds with alcohols as proposed in the catalytic reaction. Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy of this formally cobalt(IV) species establishes the presence of the cobalt-carbon bond, and accompanying DFT calculations indicate that the unpaired electron is localized on the cobalt center. Both experimental and computational studies show that the cobalt(IV)-carbon bond is stronger than the analogous bond in its cobalt(III) analogue, which is opposite of the usual oxidation state trend of bond energies. This phenomenon is attributable to an inverted ligand field that gives the bond Coδ--Cδ+ character and explains its electrophilic reactivity at the alkyl group. The inverted Co-C bond polarity also stabilizes the formally cobalt(IV) alkyl complex so that it is accessible at unusually low potentials. Even another cobalt(III) complex, [(salen)CoIII]+, is capable of oxidizing (salen)CoIII(iPr) to the formally cobalt(IV) state. These results give insight into the electronic structure, energetics, and reactivity of a key reactive intermediate in oxidative MHAT catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conner V Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Dongyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Reagan X Hooper
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Rinaldo Poli
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Patrick L Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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5
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Tahara K, Takezaki S, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Synthesis of an Organometallic Alkyl-Co(III) Complex with Amidoquinoline Directing Groups via C(sp3)-H Activation and its UV-vis/NMR Spectroscopic, Crystallographic, DFT, and Electrochemical Studies. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Shun Takezaki
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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6
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Fang X, Zhang N, Chen SC, Luo T. Scalable Total Synthesis of (-)-Triptonide: Serendipitous Discovery of a Visible-Light-Promoted Olefin Coupling Initiated by Metal-Catalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer (MHAT). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2292-2300. [PMID: 35089705 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and scalable total synthesis of (-)-triptonide is accomplished based on a metal-catalyzed hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT)-initiated radical cyclization. During the optimization of the key step, we discovered that blue LEDs significantly promoted the efficiency of reaction initiated by Co(TPP)-catalyzed MHAT. Further exploration and optimization of this catalytic system led to development of a dehydrogenative MHAT-initiated Giese reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhe Fang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Si-Cong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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7
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Guo P, Han JF, Yuan GC, Chen L, Liao JB, Ye KY. Cobalt-Catalyzed Divergent Aminofluorination and Diamination of Styrenes with N-Fluorosulfonamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:4067-4071. [PMID: 33970648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed aminofluorination reaction of styrenes with N-fluorosulfonamides serving as both the amination and fluorination agents has been developed. The switch of selectivity in this catalytic reaction from aminofluorination to diamination could be easily achieved by the addition of 1.0 equiv of PPh3. Both transformations tolerated a wide array of substrates under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Fa Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Cai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Yin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
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8
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Simonova OR, Zdanovich SA, Zaitseva SV, Koifman OI. Kinetic Study of the Redox Properties of
[5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)porphyrinato]cobalt(II) in the Reaction with
Hydrogen Peroxide. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220050175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Discolo CA, Touney EE, Pronin SV. Catalytic Asymmetric Radical–Polar Crossover Hydroalkoxylation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17527-17532. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Discolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Eric E. Touney
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V. Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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10
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Lee YM, Kim S, Ohkubo K, Kim KH, Nam W, Fukuzumi S. Unified Mechanism of Oxygen Atom Transfer and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions with a Triflic Acid-Bound Nonheme Manganese(IV)-Oxo Complex via Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2614-2622. [PMID: 30646680 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Outer-sphere electron transfer from styrene, thioanisole, and toluene derivatives to a triflic acid (HOTf)-bound nonheme Mn(IV)-oxo complex, [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2 (N4Py = N, N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)- N-bis(2-pyridyl)methylamine), has been shown to be the rate-determining step of different types of redox reactions such as epoxidation, sulfoxidation, and hydroxylation of styrene, thioanisole, and toluene derivatives, respectively, by [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2. The rate constants of HOTf-promoted epoxidation of all styrene derivatives with [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+ and electron transfer from electron donors to [(N4Py)MnV(O)]2+ exhibit a remarkably unified correlation with the driving force of outer-sphere electron transfer in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer. The same electron-transfer driving force dependence is observed in the oxygen atom transfer from [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2 to thioanisole derivatives as well as in the hydrogen atom transfer from toluene derivatives to [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2. Thus, mechanisms of oxygen atom transfer (epoxidation and sulfoxidation) reactions of styrene and thioanisole derivatives and hydrogen atom transfer (hydroxylation) reactions of toluene derivatives by [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2 have been unified for the first time as the same reaction pathway via outer-sphere electron transfer, followed by the fast bond-forming step, which exhibits the singly unified electron-transfer driving force dependence of the rate constants as outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions. In the case of the epoxidation of cis-stilbene by [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2, the isomerization of cis-stilbene radical cation to trans-stilbene radical cation occurs after outer-sphere electron transfer from cis-stilbene to [(N4Py)MnIV(O)]2+-(HOTf)2 to yield trans-stilbene oxide selectively, which is also taken as evidence for the occurrence of electron transfer in the acid-catalyzed epoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Surin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Kyung-Ha Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering , Meijo University , SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya , Aichi 468-0073 , Japan
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11
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Shevick SL, Obradors C, Shenvi RA. Mechanistic Interrogation of Co/Ni-Dual Catalyzed Hydroarylation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12056-12068. [PMID: 30153002 PMCID: PMC6329606 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt/nickel-dual catalyzed hydroarylation of terminal olefins with iodoarenes builds complexity from readily available starting materials, with a high preference for the Markovnikov (branched) product. Here, we advance a mechanistic model of this reaction through the use of reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA), radical clock experiments, and stoichiometric studies. Through exclusion of competing hypotheses, we conclude that the reaction proceeds through an unprecedented alkylcobalt to nickel direct transmetalation. Demonstration of catalytic alkene prefunctionalization, via spectroscopic observation of an organocobalt species, distinguishes this Csp2-Csp3 cross-coupling method from a conventional transmetalation process, which employs a stoichiometric organometallic nucleophile, and from a bimetallic oxidative addition of an organohalide across nickel, described by radical scission and subsequent alkyl radical capture at a second nickel center. A refined understanding of the reaction leads to an optimized hydroarylation procedure that excludes exogenous oxidant, demonstrating that the transmetalation is net redox neutral. Catalytic alkene prefunctionalization by cobalt and engagement with nickel catalytic cycles through direct transmetalation provides a new platform to merge these two rich areas of chemistry in preparatively useful ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia L Shevick
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Carla Obradors
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Ryan A Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
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12
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Wang Z, Yao Z, Lyu Z, Xiong Q, Wang B, Fu X. Thermodynamic and reactivity studies of a tin corrole-cobalt porphyrin heterobimetallic complex. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4999-5007. [PMID: 29938028 PMCID: PMC5994744 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01269e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A heterobimetallic complex, (TPFC)Sn-Co(TAP) (TPFC = 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole, TAP = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin), was synthesized. The complex featured a Sn-Co bond with a bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) of 30.2 ± 0.9 kcal mol-1 and a bond dissociation Gibbs free energy (BDFE) of 21.0 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1, which underwent homolysis to produce the (TPFC)Sn radical and (TAP)CoII under either heat or visible light irradiation. The novel tin radical (TPFC)Sn, being the first four-coordinate tin radical observed at room temperature, was studied spectroscopically and computationally. (TPFC)Sn-Co(TAP) promoted the oligomerization of aryl alkynes to give the insertion products (TPFC)Sn-(CH 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 1111111111111111111111111111111111 1111111111111111111111111111111111 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000 C(Ar)) n -Co(TAP) (n = 1, 2, or 3) as well as 1,3,5-triarylbenzenes. Mechanistic studies revealed a radical chain mechanism involving the (TPFC)Sn radical as the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
| | - Zhengmin Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
| | - Zeyu Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
| | - Qinsi Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , China . ;
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13
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Fukuzumi S, Lee YM, Nam W. Mechanisms of Two-Electron versus Four-Electron Reduction of Dioxygen Catalyzed by Earth-Abundant Metal Complexes. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Meijo University; SENTAN, Japan, Science and Technology Agency, JST; Nagoya Aichi 468-8502 Japan
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
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14
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Liu X, Tian L, Wu Z, Zhao X, Wang Z, Yu D, Fu X. Visible-light-induced synthesis of polymers with versatile end groups mediated by organocobalt complexes. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of polymers with well-defined functional groups at α and ω ends by using carefully designed organocobalt complexes has been accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Xianyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Zikuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Donggeng Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Xuefeng Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
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15
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Lee SY, Fung HS, Feng S, Chan KS. Visible Light Photocatalysis of Carbon–Carbon σ-Bond Anaerobic Oxidation of Ketones with Water by Cobalt(II) Porphyrins. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siu Yin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Sang Fung
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kin Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Tam CM, To CT, Chan KS. Carbon–Carbon σ-Bond Transfer Hydrogenation with DMF Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrins. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Meng Tam
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ching Tat To
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kin Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Tsudaka T, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic oxidation of iron(ii) complexes by dioxygen using 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6178-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00359a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidation of iron(ii) complexes by dioxygen occurred using the organic photocatalysts, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion and 2-phenyl-4-(1-naphthyl) quinolinium ion (QuPh+-NA), in the presence of triflic acid in acetonitrile under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsudaka
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- ALCA and SENTAN
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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18
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Fang Y, Gorbunova YG, Chen P, Jiang X, Manowong M, Sinelshchikova AA, Enakieva YY, Martynov AG, Tsivadze AY, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A, Stern C, Guilard R, Kadish KM. Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Diphosphorylated Metalloporphyrins. Generation of a Phlorin Anion Product. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:3501-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31,GSP-1, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Kurnakov
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ping Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Machima Manowong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Anna A. Sinelshchikova
- Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31,GSP-1, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu. Enakieva
- Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31,GSP-1, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Alexander G. Martynov
- Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31,GSP-1, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31,GSP-1, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Kurnakov
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire
de l’Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne, UMR CRNS n° 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary BP 47870, Dijon 21078 CEDEX, France
| | - Christine Stern
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire
de l’Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne, UMR CRNS n° 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary BP 47870, Dijon 21078 CEDEX, France
| | - Roger Guilard
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire
de l’Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne, UMR CRNS n° 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary BP 47870, Dijon 21078 CEDEX, France
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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19
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D'Souza F, Imahori H. Preface — Special Issue in Honor of Professor Shunichi Fukuzumi. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Liu CR, Qian YY, Chan KS. Base-promoted aryl–bromine bond cleavage with cobalt(ii) porphyrins via a halogen atom transfer mechanism. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7771-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Kumar N, Kuta J, Galezowski W, Kozlowski PM. Electronic Structure of One-Electron-Oxidized Form of the Methylcobalamin Cofactor: Spin Density Distribution and Pseudo-Jahn–Teller Effect. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1762-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3013443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville,
Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Jadwiga Kuta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville,
Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Wlodzimierz Galezowski
- Department of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University,
Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel M. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville,
Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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22
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Pfaff FF, Kundu S, Risch M, Pandian S, Heims F, Pryjomska-Ray I, Haack P, Metzinger R, Bill E, Dau H, Comba P, Ray K. Ein Cobalt(IV)-Oxido-Komplex: Stabilisierung durch Lewis-Säure-Wechselwirkung mit Sc3+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Pfaff FF, Kundu S, Risch M, Pandian S, Heims F, Pryjomska-Ray I, Haack P, Metzinger R, Bill E, Dau H, Comba P, Ray K. An Oxocobalt(IV) Complex Stabilized by Lewis Acid Interactions with Scandium(III) Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 50:1711-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Kadish KM, Frémond L, Shen J, Chen P, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, El Ojaimi M, Gros CP, Barbe JM, Guilard R. Catalytic Activity of Biscobalt Porphyrin-Corrole Dyads Toward the Reduction of Dioxygen. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:2571-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ic802092n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Laurent Frémond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maya El Ojaimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Claude P. Gros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jean-Michel Barbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Roger Guilard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France, Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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25
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Cormode DP, Drew MGB, Jagessar R, Beer PD. Metalloporphyrin anion sensors: the effect of the metal centre on the anion binding properties of amide-functionalised and tetraphenyl metalloporphyrins. Dalton Trans 2008:6732-41. [PMID: 19153621 DOI: 10.1039/b807153e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the synthesis and anion binding properties of a series of 'picket fence' metalloporphyrin complexes, within which the metal centre is systematically varied. The porphyrin structure contains four amide bonds and is the same for each metal. The anion binding properties of these receptors are further contrasted with those of their tetraphenylporphyrin congeners to elucidate both the effect of the metal centre and the influence of the amide groups on the anion recognition process. Anion binding was demonstrated using UV/visible and (1)H NMR spectroscopies, electrochemistry and luminescence. The metal centre was found to be highly influential in the strength and selectivity of binding; for example, the cadmium and mercury complexes exhibited far greater affinities for anions than the zinc complexes in competitive solvents such as DMSO. The amide functionalities were found to enhance the anion binding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Cormode
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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26
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Kadish KM, Shen J, Frémond L, Chen P, El Ojaimi M, Chkounda M, Gros CP, Barbe JM, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Guilard R. Clarification of the Oxidation State of Cobalt Corroles in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalytic Reduction of Dioxygen. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:6726-37. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800458s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Laurent Frémond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maya El Ojaimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mohammed Chkounda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Claude P. Gros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jean-Michel Barbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Roger Guilard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB (UMR 5260), 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex France, and Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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27
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Omae I. Three characteristic reactions of organocobalt compounds in organic synthesis. Appl Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Kerber WD, Goldberg DP. High-valent transition metal corrolazines. J Inorg Biochem 2006; 100:838-57. [PMID: 16564091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Revised: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
High-valent metalloporphyrin intermediates have been implicated as key players in numerous mechanistic proposals for both biological (e.g., heme protein) and synthetic porphyrin mediated transformations. However, the direct observation of these species is quite challenging because of the inherently short lifetimes of many of these metalloporphyrin intermediates. This review focuses on our own efforts to synthesize and study a new class of porphyrinoid compounds called corrolazines, which are designed to stabilize high-valent species for direct analysis. These compounds are related to corroles, which also exhibit the unusual ability to stabilize high oxidation states, and the reactivity and physical properties of relevant corrole and porphyrin analogs are compared with the appropriate corrolazines. The chemistry of Cu, Co, V, and Mn are highlighted, with a particular emphasis on the reactivity of high-valent manganese-oxo complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Kerber
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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29
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Galezowski W, Kubicki M. X-ray Structures and Homolysis of Some Alkylcobalt(III) Phthalocyanine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:9902-13. [PMID: 16363861 DOI: 10.1021/ic051078p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first crystallographic data for sigma-bonded alkylcobalt(III) phthalocyanine complexes are reported. A single-crystal X-ray structure of CH(3)CH(2)Co(III)Pc (Pc = dianion of phthalocyanine) reveals that the solid consists of centrosymmetric face-to-face dimers in which the CH(3)CH(2)Co(III)Pc units retain their square pyramidal geometry. The structure appears to be the first one reported for a five-coordinate RCo(III)(chelate) complex with an electron-deficient equatorial system. The Co-C bond in CH(3)CH(2)Co(III)Pc (2.031(5) A) is the longest found in five-coordinate RCo(III)(chel) complexes (R = simple primary alkyl group). Another X-ray study demonstrates that CH(3)Co(III)Pc(py) has a distorted octahedral geometry with axial bonds of very similar length to those in methylcobalamin. The axial bonds are shorter than those in its octaethylporphyrin analogue, in accordance with a weaker trans axial influence in six-coordinate complexes containing an electron-deficient phthalocyanine equatorial ligand. A different trend has been observed for five-coordinate RCo(III)(chel) complexes: electron-rich equatorial systems seem to make the Co-C axial bond shorter. Kinetic data for the homolysis of RCo(III)Pc complexes (R = Me, Et) in dimethylacetamide are also reported. Homolysis of ethyl derivatives is faster. The Co-C bond dissociation energies (BDEs) for the pyridine adducts of the methyl and the ethyl derivative are 30 +/- 1 and 29 +/- 1 kcal/mol, respectively. The BDE for CH(3)CoPc(py) is considerably lower than that for MeCbl despite the very similar lengths of the axial bonds in the two complexes. The results of this work do not support any correlation between the Co-C bond length and the bond strength as defined by BDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wlodzimierz Galezowski
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland.
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30
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Galezowski W. Methyl Transfer from CH3CoIIIPc to Thiophenoxides Revisited: Remote Substituent Effect on the Rates. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:5483-94. [PMID: 16022546 DOI: 10.1021/ic0503378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A two-step mechanism of the reaction of CH(3)Co(III)Pc (Pc = dianion of phthalocyanine) with thiophenoxides in DMA has been confirmed, and the visible spectrum of the inactive transient, CH(3)Co(III)Pc(SAr)(-), has been determined. Rapid rates for ligation of CH(3)Co(III)Pc, yielding CH(3)Co(III)Pc(S-C(6)H(4)-X)(-), are virtually independent of X; this step proceeds probably by an I(d) mechanism. Kinetic data for the follow-up methyl-transfer step yield second-order rate constants and stability constants for CH(3)Co(III)Pc(S-C(6)H(4)-X)(-) consistent with those estimated from concentration dependence of the amplitude of the ligand-exchange step. Cyclic voltammetry provides first reduction potential for CH(3)Co(III)Pc(DMA) of -1.42 V vs Fc(+)/Fc, which makes an OSET mechanism unlikely. Homolytic decay of CH(3)Co(III)Pc(SAr)(-) has also been ruled out. All of the kinetic data, including Hammett's rho = -2.3 +/- 0.1, N-donor inhibition, and alkyl group effect, Me > Et, indicate that the reaction is a normal S(N)2 methyl transfer, only very fast. Methyl transfer to aliphatic thiolates is also rapid and follows the same S(N)2 mechanism. Exceptional methyl-transfer reactivity of the phthalocyanine model sharply contrasting with the inertness of methylcobaloxime is explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wlodzimierz Galezowski
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland.
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Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Electron-Transfer Oxidation of Coenzyme B12 Model Compounds and Facile Cleavage of the Cobalt(IV)−Carbon Bond via Charge-Transfer Complexes with Bases. A Negative Temperature Dependence of the Rates. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:1105-13. [PMID: 16833419 DOI: 10.1021/jp0453008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electron-transfer oxidation and subsequent cobalt-carbon bond cleavage of vitamin B12 model complexes were investigated using cobaloximes, (DH)2Co(III)(R)(L), where DH- = the anion of dimethylglyoxime, R = Me, Et, Ph, PhCH2, and PhCH(CH3), and L = a substituted pyridine, as coenzyme B12 model complexes and [Fe(bpy)3](PF6)3 or [Ru(bpy)3](PF6)3 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) as a one-electron oxidant. The rapid one-electron oxidation of (DH)2Co(III)(Me)(py) (py = pyridine) with the oxidant gives the corresponding Co(IV) complexes, [(DH)2Co(IV)(Me)(py)]+, which were well identified by the ESR spectra. The reorganization energy (lambda) for the electron-transfer oxidation of (DH)2Co(Me)(py) was determined from the ESR line broadening of [(DH)2Co(Me)(py)]+ caused by the electron exchange with (DH)2Co(Me)(py). The lambda value is applied to evaluate the rate constants of photoinduced electron transfer from (DH)2Co(Me)(py) to photosensitizers in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer. The Co(IV)-C bond cleavage of [(DH)2Co(Me)(py)]+ is accelerated significantly by the reaction with a base. The overall activation energy for the second-order rate constants of Co(IV)-C bond cleavage of [(DH)2Co(IV)(Me)(py)]+ in the presence of a base is decreased by charge-transfer complex formation with a base, which leads to a negative activation energy for the Co(IV)-C cleavage when either 2-methoxypyridine or 2,6-dimethoxypyridine is used as the base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, SORST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Ren X, Alleyne BD, Djurovich PI, Adachi C, Tsyba I, Bau R, Thompson ME. Organometallic Complexes as Hole-Transporting Materials in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Inorg Chem 2004; 43:1697-707. [PMID: 14989662 DOI: 10.1021/ic035183f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of metal complexes fac-tris(1-phenylpyrazolato-N,C(2)('))cobalt(III) [fac-Co(ppz)(3)], fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C(2)(') cobalt(III) [fac-Co(ppy)(3)], and [tris[2-((pyrrole-2-ylmethylidene)amino)ethyl]amine]gallium(III) [Ga(pma)] as materials for hole-transporting layers (HTL) in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is reported. Co(ppz)(3) and Co(ppy)(3) were prepared by following literature procedures and isolated as mixtures of facial (fac) and meridional (mer) isomers. The more stable fac isomers were separated from the unstable mer forms via column chromatography and thermal gradient sublimation. Crystals of fac-Co(ppz)(3) are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, with a = 13.6121(12) A, b = 15.5600(12) A, c = 22.9603(17) A, beta = 100.5 degrees, V = 4781.3(7) A(3), and Z = 8. [Tris[2-((pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene)amino)ethyl]amine]gallium [Ga(pma)] was prepared by the reaction of gallium(III) nitrate with the pmaH(3) ligand precursor in methanol. Ga(pma) crystallizes in the cubic space group I3d with cell parameters a = 20.2377(4) A, b = 20.2377(4) A, c = 20.2377(4) A, beta = 90.0 degrees, V = 8288.6(3) A(3), and Z = 16. These cobalt and gallium complexes are pale colored to colorless solids, with optical energy gaps ranging 2.6-3.36 eV. A two-layer HTL/ETL (ETL = electron-transporting layer) device structure using fac-Co(ppz)(3) and fac-Co(ppy)(3) as the HTL does not give efficient electroluminescence. However, the introduction of a thin layer of a hole-transporting material (N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine, NPD) as an energy "stair-step" and electron/exciton-blocker dramatically improves the device performance. Both fac-Co(ppz)(3) and fac-Co(ppy)(3) devices give external quantum efficiencies higher than 1.0%, with brightness 5000 and 7000 Cd/m(2) at 10 V, respectively. Ga(pma) also functions as an efficient interface layer, giving device performances very similar to those of analogous devices using NPD as the interface layer. Stability tests have been carried out for Co(ppz)(3)/NPD/Alq(3) and Co(ppy)(3)/NPD/Alq(3) devices. While fac-Co(ppy)(3) gave stable OLEDs, the fac-Co(ppz)(3)-based devices had very short lifetimes. On the basis of the experimental results of chemical oxidation of fac-Co(ppz)(3), the major cause for the fast decay of the fac-Co(ppz)(3) device is proposed to be the decomposition of fac-Co(ppz)(3)(+) in the HTL layer during the device operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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Imahori H, Tamaki K, Araki Y, Sekiguchi Y, Ito O, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S. Stepwise charge separation and charge recombination in ferrocene-meso,meso-linked porphyrin dimer-fullerene triad. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:5165-74. [PMID: 11982381 DOI: 10.1021/ja016655x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A meso,meso-linked porphyrin dimer [(ZnP)(2)] as a light-harvesting chromophore has been incorporated into a photosynthetic multistep electron-transfer model for the first time, including ferrocene (Fc), as an electron donor and fullerene (C(60)) as an electron acceptor to construct the ferrocene-meso,meso-linked porphyrin dimer-fullerene system (Fc-(ZnP)(2)-C(60)). Photoirradiation of Fc-(ZnP)(2)-C(60) results in photoinduced electron transfer from the singlet excited state of the porphyrin dimer [(1)(ZnP)(2)] to the C(60) moiety to produce the porphyrin dimer radical cation-C(60) radical anion pair, Fc-(ZnP)(2)(*+)-C(60)(*-). In competition with the back electron transfer from C(60)(*-) to (ZnP)(2)(*+) to the ground state, an electron transfer from Fc to (ZnP)(2)(*+) occurs to give the final charge-separated (CS) state, that is, Fc(+)-(ZnP)(2)-C(60)(*-), which is detected as the transient absorption spectra by the laser flash photolysis. The quantum yield of formation of the final CS state is determined as 0.80 in benzonitrile. The final CS state decays obeying first-order kinetics with a lifetime of 19 micros in benzonitrile at 295 K. The activation energy for the charge recombination (CR) process is determined as 0.15 eV in benzonitrile, which is much larger than the value expected from the direct CR process to the ground state. This value is rather comparable to the energy difference between the initial CS state (Fc-(ZnP)(2)(*+)-C(60)(*-)) and the final CS state (Fc(+)-(ZnP)(2)-C(60)(*-)). This indicates that the back electron transfer to the ground state occurs via the reversed stepwise processes,that is, a rate-limiting electron transfer from (ZnP)(2) to Fc(+) to give the initial CS state (Fc-(ZnP)(2)(*+)-C(60)(*-)), followed by a fast electron transfer from C(60)(*-) to (ZnP)(2)(*+) to regenerate the ground state, Fc-(ZnP)(2)-C(60). This is in sharp contrast with the extremely slow direct CR process of bacteriochlorophyll dimer radical cation-quinone radical anion pair in bacterial reaction centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Harmer J, Van Doorslaer S, Gromov I, Bröring M, Jeschke G, Schweiger A. A Pulse EPR and ENDOR Investigation of the Electronic Structure of a σ-Carbon-Bonded Cobalt(IV) Corrole. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013269t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Harmer
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Van Doorslaer
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
| | - Igor Gromov
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Bröring
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arthur Schweiger
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Universität Würzburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, and Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021, Mainz, Germany
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Hayvalı M, Gündüz H, Gündüz N, Kılıç Z, Hökelek T. Synthesis and characterization of unsymmetrically tetrasubstituted porphyrin and their nickel (II) complexes with the crystal structure of 5,15-bis(4-aminophenyl)-10, 20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II). J Mol Struct 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(00)00417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Suita, Osaka 565‐0871, Japan
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Brothers PJ. Organometallic chemistry of transition metal porphyrin complexes. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3055(00)46005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Fukuzumi S, Nakanishi I, Tanaka K, Tabard A, Guilard R, Caemelbecke EV, Kadish KM. Migration Reactivities of sigma-Bonded Ligands of Organoiron and Organocobalt Porphyrins Depending on Different High Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 1999; 38:5000-5006. [PMID: 11671243 DOI: 10.1021/ic990324s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Migration reactivities of sigma-bonded organo-iron and -cobalt porphyrins were examined as a function of the compound oxidation state. Migration rates were determined for both the one-electron and two-electron oxidized species produced in the electron-transfer oxidation with different oxidants in acetonitrile at 298 K. The investigated compounds are represented as [(OETPP)Fe(R)](n)()(+), where n = 1 or 2, OETPP = the dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin, and R = C(6)H(5), 3,5-C(6)F(2)H(3), or C(6)F(5), and as [(TPP)Co(R)](n)()(+), where n = 1 or 2, TPP = the dianion of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin, and R = CH(3) or C(6)H(5). The rapid two-electron oxidation of (OETPP)Fe(III)(R) occurs with [Ru(bpy)(3)](3+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) to produce [(OETPP)Fe(IV)(R)](2+). The formation of this species is followed by a slow migration of the sigma-bonded R group to a nitrogen of the porphyrin ring to give [(N-ROETPP)Fe(II)](2+) and then by a rapid electron-transfer oxidation of the migrated product with [Ru(bpy)(3)](3+) to yield [(N-ROETPP)Fe(III)](3+) as a final product. When [Ru(bpy)(3)](3+) is replaced by a much weaker oxidant such as ferricenium ion, only the one-electron oxidation of (OETPP)Fe(R) occurs to produce [(OETPP)Fe(IV)(R)](+). A migration of the R group also occurs in the one-electron oxidized porphyrin species, [(OETPP)Fe(IV)(R)](+), to produce [(N-ROETPP)Fe(II)](+), which is rapidly oxidized by ferricenium ion to yield [(N-ROETPP)Fe(III)](2+). The migration rate of the R group in [(OETPP)Fe(IV)(R)](+) is about 10(4) times slower than the migration rate of the corresponding two-electron oxidized species, [(OETPP)Fe(IV)(R)](2+). The migration rate of the sigma-bonded ligand of [(TPP)Co(IV)(R)](+), produced by the one-electron oxidation of (TPP)Co(III)(R) with [Fe(phen)(3)](3+) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is also about 10(4) times slower than the migration rate of the R group in the corresponding two-electron oxidized species, [(TPP)Co(IV)(R)](2+), which is produced by the two-electron oxidation with [Ru(bpy)(3)](3+). A comparison of the migration rates with the oxidation states of the porphyrins indicates that the migration occurs via an intramolecular electron transfer from the R group to the Fe(IV) or Co(IV) metal of the organometallic porphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Faculté des Sciences "Gabriel", Université de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
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Krattinger B, Callot HJ. Alkylation and Reduction of Porphyrins andN-Substituted Porphyrins: New Routes to Chlorins and Phlorins. European J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199908)1999:8<1857::aid-ejoc1857>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Fukuzumi S, Nakanishi I, Tanaka K, Suenobu T, Tabard A, Guilard R, Van Caemelbecke E, Kadish KM. Electron-Transfer Kinetics for Generation of Organoiron(IV) Porphyrins and the Iron(IV) Porphyrin π Radical Cations. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja982136r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Ikuo Nakanishi
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Alain Tabard
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Roger Guilard
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Eric Van Caemelbecke
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Contribution from the Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, LIMSAG, UMR 5633, Université de Bourgogne, Faculté des Sciences “Gabriel”, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
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Kadish KM, Boulas PL, Kisters M, Vogel E, Aukauloo AM, D'Souza F, Guilard R. Synthesis and Electrochemical Reactivity of sigma-Bonded and N-Substituted Cobalt Porphycenes. Inorg Chem 1998; 37:2693-2700. [PMID: 11670405 DOI: 10.1021/ic971534c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first synthesis and characterization of sigma-bonded and N-substituted cobalt porphycenes is reported. The investigated compounds are represented as (Pc)Co(R) and (N-CH(3)OEPc)CoCl, where R is CH(3) or C(6)H(5), Pc is the dianion of 2,3,6,7,12,13,16,17-octaethylporphycene (OEPc), 2,7,12,17-tetrapropylporphycene (TPrPc), or 2,7,12,17-tetraethyl-3,6,13,16-tetramethylporphycene (EtioPc), N-CH(3)OEPc is the monoanion of N-methyl-2,3,6,7,12,13,16,17-octaethylporphycene. Each sigma-bonded (Pc)Co(R) derivative can be reversibly reduced or oxidized by two electrons, but a slow migration of the sigma-bonded R group occurs following electrogeneration of [(Pc)Co(R)](+)()(*)() leading, as a final product, to an N-substituted cobalt(II) porphycene which is also electroactive and undergoes two reductions in PhCN. The singly reduced product of this reaction is formulated as a Co(II) pi-anion radical which undergoes a slow "back-migration" of the CH(3) group to regenerate (OEPc)Co(CH(3)).
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641, Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln, Germany, and Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Séparation et les Applications des Gaz Associé au CNRS (LIMSAG), UMR 5633, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21100 Dijon, France
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