1
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Selinger AJ, Krämer J, Poarch E, Hore D, Biedermann F, Hof F. Mixed host co-assembled systems for broad-scope analyte sensing. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12388-12397. [PMID: 39118638 PMCID: PMC11304549 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02788d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we report a systems chemistry oriented approach for developing information-rich mixed host chemosensors. We show that co-assembling macrocyclic hosts from different classes, DimerDye sulfonatocalix[4]arenes and cucurbit[n]urils, effectively increases the scope of analyte binding interactions and therefore, sensory outputs. This simple dynamic strategy exploits cross-reactive noncovalent host-host complexation interactions while integrating a reporter dye, thereby producing emergent photophysical responses when an analyte interacts with either host. We first demonstrate the advantages of mixed host co-assembled chemosensors through an increased detection range of hydrophobic, cationic, neutral, and anionic drugs. We then implement mixed host sensors in an array-based platform for the differentiation of illicit drugs, including cannabinoids, benzodiazepine analogs, opiates, anesthetics, amphetamine, and common adulterating substances. Finally, the potential of this approach is applied to profiling real-world multi-component illicit street drug samples, proving to be more effective than classical sensor arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Selinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Joana Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Eric Poarch
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Dennis Hore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
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2
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Suss O, Halfin O, Porat Z, Fridmann Sirkis Y, Motiei L, Margulies D. Artificial Protein Crosstalk with a Molecule that Exchanges Binding Partners. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312461. [PMID: 38010219 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Drawing inspiration from allosteric signaling enzymes, whose catalytic and regulatory units are non-covalently linked, we have devised a method to establish unnatural, effector-mediated enzyme activation within native cells. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by introducing a synthetic regulatory unit (sRU) onto glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) through non-covalent means. Our study reveals that this synthetic regulator mediates an unnatural crosstalk between GSK-3 and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), whose expression is regulated by cellular oxygen levels. Specifically, with this approach, the constitutively active GSK-3 is transformed into an activable enzyme, whereas LDHA is repurposed as an unnatural effector protein that controls the activity of the kinase, making it unnaturally dependent on the cell's hypoxic response. These findings demonstrate a step toward imitating the function of effector-regulated cell-signaling enzymes, which play a key biological role in mediating the response of cells to changes in their environment. In addition, at the proof-of-principle level, our results indicate the potential to develop a new class of protein inhibitors whose inhibitory effect in cells is dictated by the cell's environment and consequent protein expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohad Suss
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Olga Halfin
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Yael Fridmann Sirkis
- Protein Analysis Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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3
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Winer L, Motiei L, Margulies D. Fluorescent Investigation of Proteins Using DNA-Synthetic Ligand Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1509-1522. [PMID: 37556353 PMCID: PMC10515487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The unfathomable role that fluorescence detection plays in the life sciences has prompted the development of countless fluorescent labels, sensors, and analytical techniques that can be used to detect and image proteins or investigate their properties. Motivated by the demand for simple-to-produce, modular, and versatile fluorescent tools to study proteins, many research groups have harnessed the advantages of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) for scaffolding such probes. Tight control over the valency and position of protein binders and fluorescent dyes decorating the polynucleotide chain and the ability to predict molecular architectures through self-assembly, inherent solubility, and stability are, in a nutshell, the important properties of DNA probes. This paper reviews the progress in developing DNA-based, fluorescent sensors or labels that navigate toward their protein targets through small-molecule (SM) or peptide ligands. By describing the design, operating principles, and applications of such systems, we aim to highlight the versatility and modularity of this approach and the ability to use ODN-SM or ODN-peptide conjugates for various applications such as protein modification, labeling, and imaging, as well as for biomarker detection, protein surface characterization, and the investigation of multivalency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Winer
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and
Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of
Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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4
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Motiei L, Margulies D. Molecules that Generate Fingerprints: A New Class of Fluorescent Sensors for Chemical Biology, Medical Diagnosis, and Cryptography. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 37335975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusFluorescent molecular sensors, often referred to as "turn-on" or "turn-off" fluorescent probes, are synthetic agents that change their fluorescence signal in response to analyte binding. Although these sensors have become powerful analytical tools in a wide range of research fields, they are generally limited to detecting only one or a few analytes. Pattern-generating fluorescent probes, which can generate unique identification (ID) fingerprints for different analytes, have recently emerged as a new class of luminescent sensors that can address this limitation. A unique characteristic of these probes, termed ID-probes, is that they integrate the qualities of conventional small-molecule-based fluorescent sensors and cross-reactive sensor arrays (often referred to as chemical, optical, or electronic noses/tongues). On the one hand, ID-probes can discriminate between various analytes and their combinations, akin to array-based analytical devices. On the other hand, their minute size enables them to analyze small-volume samples, track dynamic changes in a single solution, and operate in the microscopic world, which the macroscopic arrays cannot access.Here, we describe the principles underlying the ID-probe technology, as well as provide an overview of different ID-probes that have been developed to date and the ways they can be applied to a wide range of research fields. We describe, for example, ID-probes that can identify combinations of protein biomarkers in biofluids and in living cells, screen for several protein inhibitors simultaneously, analyze the content of Aβ aggregates, as well as ensure the quality of small-molecule and biological drugs. These examples highlight the relevance of this technology to medical diagnosis, bioassay development, cell and chemical biology, and pharmaceutical quality assurance, among others. ID-probes that can authorize users and protect secret data are also presented and the mechanisms that enable them to hide (steganography), encrypt (cryptography), and prevent access to (password protection) information are discussed.The versatility of this technology is further demonstrated by describing two types of probes: unimolecular ID-probes and self-assembled ID-probes. Probes from the first type can operate inside living cells, be recycled, and their initial patterns can be more easily obtained in a reproducible manner. The second type of probes can be readily modified and optimized, allowing one to prepare various different probes from a much wider range of fluorescent reporters and supramolecular recognition elements. Taken together, these developments indicate that the ID-probe sensing methodology is generally applicable, and that such probes can better characterize analyte mixtures or process chemically encoded information than can the conventional fluorescent molecular sensors. We therefore hope that this review will inspire the development of new types of pattern-generating probes, which would extend the fluorescence molecular toolbox currently used in the analytical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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5
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Prasad PK, Eizenshtadt N, Goliand I, Fellus-Alyagor L, Oren R, Golani O, Motiei L, Margulies D. Chemically programmable bacterial probes for the recognition of cell surface proteins. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100669. [PMID: 37334185 PMCID: PMC10275978 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Common methods to label cell surface proteins (CSPs) involve the use of fluorescently modified antibodies (Abs) or small-molecule-based ligands. However, optimizing the labeling efficiency of such systems, for example, by modifying them with additional fluorophores or recognition elements, is challenging. Herein we show that effective labeling of CSPs overexpressed in cancer cells and tissues can be obtained with fluorescent probes based on chemically modified bacteria. The bacterial probes (B-probes) are generated by non-covalently linking a bacterial membrane protein to DNA duplexes appended with fluorophores and small-molecule binders of CSPs overexpressed in cancer cells. We show that B-probes are exceptionally simple to prepare and modify because they are generated from self-assembled and easily synthesized components, such as self-replicating bacterial scaffolds and DNA constructs that can be readily appended, at well-defined positions, with various types of dyes and CSP binders. This structural programmability enabled us to create B-probes that can label different types of cancer cells with distinct colors, as well as generate very bright B-probes in which the multiple dyes are spatially separated along the DNA scaffold to avoid self-quenching. This enhancement in the emission signal enabled us to label the cancer cells with greater sensitivity and follow the internalization of the B-probes into these cells. The potential to apply the design principles underlying B-probes in therapy or inhibitor screening is also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati K. Prasad
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Noa Eizenshtadt
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Inna Goliand
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Liat Fellus-Alyagor
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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6
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Zhu L, Chang Y, Li Y, Qiao M, Liu L. Biosensors Based on the Binding Events of Nitrilotriacetic Acid-Metal Complexes. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050507. [PMID: 37232868 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular immobilization and recognition are two key events for the development of biosensors. The general ways for the immobilization and recognition of biomolecules include covalent coupling reactions and non-covalent interactions of antigen-antibody, aptamer-target, glycan-lectin, avidin-biotin and boronic acid-diol. Tetradentate nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is one of the most common commercial ligands for chelating metal ions. The NTA-metal complexes show high and specific affinity toward hexahistidine tags. Such metal complexes have been widely utilized in protein separation and immobilization for diagnostic applications since most of commercialized proteins have been integrated with hexahistidine tags by synthetic or recombinant techniques. This review focused on the development of biosensors with NTA-metal complexes as the binding units, mainly including surface plasmon resonance, electrochemistry, fluorescence, colorimetry, surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy, chemiluminescence and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yong Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Mingyi Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
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7
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Das Saha N, Pradhan S, Sasmal R, Sarkar A, Berač CM, Kölsch JC, Pahwa M, Show S, Rozenholc Y, Topçu Z, Alessandrini V, Guibourdenche J, Tsatsaris V, Gagey-Eilstein N, Agasti SS. Cucurbit[7]uril Macrocyclic Sensors for Optical Fingerprinting: Predicting Protein Structural Changes to Identifying Disease-Specific Amyloid Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14363-14379. [PMID: 35913703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a three-dimensional (3D) representation, each protein molecule displays a specific pattern of chemical and topological features, which are altered during its misfolding and aggregation pathway. Generating a recognizable fingerprint from such features could provide an enticing approach not only to identify these biomolecules but also to gain clues regarding their folding state and the occurrence of pathologically lethal misfolded aggregates. We report here a universal strategy to generate a fluorescent fingerprint from biomolecules by employing the pan-selective molecular recognition feature of a cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) macrocyclic receptor. We implemented a direct sensing strategy by covalently tethering CB[7] with a library of fluorescent reporters. When CB[7] recognizes the chemical and geometrical features of a biomolecule, it brings the tethered fluorophore into the vicinity, concomitantly reporting the nature of its binding microenvironment through a change in their optical signature. The photophysical properties of the fluorophores allow a multitude of probing modes, while their structural features provide additional binding diversity, generating a distinct fluorescence fingerprint from the biomolecule. We first used this strategy to rapidly discriminate a diverse range of protein analytes. The macrocyclic sensor was then applied to probe conformational changes in the protein structure and identify the formation of oligomeric and fibrillar species from misfolded proteins. Notably, the sensor system allowed us to differentiate between different self-assembled forms of the disease-specific amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates and segregated them from other generic amyloid structures with a 100% identification accuracy. Ultimately, this sensor system predicted clinically relevant changes by fingerprinting serum samples from a cohort of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Das Saha
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India.,Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Soumen Pradhan
- Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Ranjan Sasmal
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Aritra Sarkar
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Christian M Berač
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas C Kölsch
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Meenakshi Pahwa
- Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Sushanta Show
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Yves Rozenholc
- UR 7537 BioSTM, Université Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Zeki Topçu
- UR 7537 BioSTM, Université Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Vivien Alessandrini
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Université Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France.,Department of Obstetrics, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, 123 Bd Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean Guibourdenche
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Université Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France.,Department of Obstetrics, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, 123 Bd Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Vassilis Tsatsaris
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Université Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France.,Department of Obstetrics, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, FHU PREMA, 123 Bd Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Sarit S Agasti
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India.,Chemistry & Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India
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8
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Hatai J, Altay Y, Sood A, Kiani A, Eleveld MJ, Motiei L, Margulies D, Otto S. An Optical Probe for Real-Time Monitoring of Self-Replicator Emergence and Distinguishing between Replicators. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3074-3082. [PMID: 35139307 PMCID: PMC8874894 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Self-replicating systems play an important role in research on the synthesis and origin of life. Monitoring of these systems has mostly relied on techniques such as NMR or chromatography, which are limited in throughput and demanding when monitoring replication in real time. To circumvent these problems, we now developed a pattern-generating fluorescent molecular probe (an ID-probe) capable of discriminating replicators of different chemical composition and monitoring the process of replicator formation in real time, giving distinct signatures for starting materials, intermediates, and final products. Optical monitoring of replicators dramatically reduces the analysis time and sample quantities compared to most currently used methods and opens the door for future high-throughput experimentation in protocell environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydev Hatai
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yigit Altay
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ankush Sood
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Armin Kiani
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel J. Eleveld
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department
of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department
of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sijbren Otto
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Lim FBH, Lei T, Fernandez G, Lopez N, Chu AL, Valiente A, Nagesetti A, Nelson A, Schmidt K, Chang TC, Piloto O, Cheong I. A colorimetric chemical tongue detects and distinguishes between multiple analytes. Analyst 2022; 147:5283-5292. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01615j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The very photoinitiators used to polymerize hydrogels can react with analytes to produce distinctive colorimetric profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian Cheong
- Entopsis Inc., USA
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Thakur S, Dasmahapatra AK, Bandyopadhyay D. Self-Organized Liquid Crystal Droplets as Phototunable Softmasks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60697-60712. [PMID: 34874157 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A single-step self-organized pathway is harnessed to generate large-area and high-density liquid-crystal (LC) microdroplets via rapid spreading of an LC-laden volatile liquid film on an aqueous surfactant bath. The surfactant loading on the water bath and LC loading in the solvent fluid help in tuning the size, periodicity, and ordering of LC microdroplets. Remarkably, the experiments reveal a transition from a spinodal to heterogeneous nucleation pathway of dewetting when the surfactant loading is modulated from below to beyond the critical micellar concentration in the aqueous phase. In the process, a host of unprecedented drop formation modes, such as dewetting and contact-line instability, random ejection, and "fire cracker" toroid splitting, have been uncovered. Subsequently, the LC microdroplets on the air-water interface are employed as photomasks suitable for soft-photolithography applications. Such masks help in the decoration of a host of mesoscale three-dimensional features on the films of photoresists when photons are guided through the LC droplets. In such a scenario, phase transition of LC droplets under solvent vapor annealing is employed to control the movement of photons through drops and subsequently modulate the light exposure on the photoresist surface. Such a simple soft-photolithography setup leads to an array of flattened droplets on a positive resist, while donut features are observed on the negative tone. Remarkably, the orientation of nematogens within 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl droplets and at the three-phase contact-line provides additional handles in controlling the transmission of photons, which facilitates such a unique pattern formation. A number of low-cost and simple strategies are also discussed to order such soft-photolithography patterns. Importantly, with a minor modification to the same experimental setup, we could also measure the variation in the order parameter of the LC droplet during its phase transitions from the nematic to isotropic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Thakur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Dasmahapatra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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11
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Harrison EE, Carpenter BA, St Louis LE, Mullins AG, Waters ML. Development of "Imprint-and-Report" Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries for Differential Sensing Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14845-14854. [PMID: 34463091 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sensor arrays using synthetic receptors have found great utility in analyte detection, resulting from their ability to distinguish analytes based on differential signals via indicator displacement. However, synthesis and characterization of receptors for an array remain a bottleneck in the field. Receptor discovery has been streamlined using dynamic combinatorial libraries (DCLs), but the resulting receptors have primarily been utilized in isolation rather than as part of the entire library, with only a few examples that make use of the complexity of a library of receptors. Herein, we demonstrate a unique sensor array approach using "imprint-and-report" DCLs that obviates the need for receptor synthesis and isolation. This strategy leverages information stored in DCLs in the form of differential library speciation to provide a high-throughput method for both developing a sensor array and analyzing data for analyte differentiation. First, each DCL is templated with analyte to give an imprinted library, followed by in situ fluorescent indicator displacement analysis. We further demonstrate that the reverse strategy, imprinting with the fluorescent reporter followed by displacement with each analyte, provides a more sensitive method for differentiating analytes. We describe the development of this differential sensing system using the methylated Arg and Lys post-translational modifications (PTMs). Altogether, 19 combinations of 3-5 DCL data sets that discriminate all 7 PTMs were identified. Thus, a comparable sensor array workflow results in a larger payoff due to the immense information stored within multiple noncovalent networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin A Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lauren E St Louis
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alexandria G Mullins
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Marcey L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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12
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Adler S, Motiei L, Mankovski N, Cohen H, Margulies D. Fluorescent Labelling of Cell Surface Proteins on a Solid Support. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Adler
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Naama Mankovski
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Department of Chemical Research Support Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
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13
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Hatai J, Prasad PK, Lahav-Mankovski N, Oppenheimer-Low N, Unger T, Sirkis YF, Dadosh T, Motiei L, Margulies D. Assessing changes in the expression levels of cell surface proteins with a turn-on fluorescent molecular probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1875-1878. [PMID: 33427257 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07095e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tri-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-based fluorescent probes were developed and used to image His-tagged-labelled outer membrane protein C (His-OmpC) in live Escherichia coli. One of these probes was designed to light up upon binding, which provided the means to assess changes in the His-OmpC expression levels by taking a simple fluorescence spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydev Hatai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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14
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Prasad PK, Motiei L, Margulies D. Steps toward enhancing the fluorescence of small-molecule-based protein labels using supramolecular hosts. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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15
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Kishore Prasad P, Lahav-Mankovski N, Motiei L, Margulies D. Encrypting messages with artificial bacterial receptors. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2749-2756. [PMID: 33224301 PMCID: PMC7670116 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for encrypting messages using engineered bacteria and different fluorescently labeled synthetic receptors is described. We show that the binding of DNA-based artificial receptors to E. coli expressing His-tagged outer membrane protein C (His-OmpC) induces a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the dyes, which results in the generation of a unique fluorescence fingerprint. Because the bacteria continuously divide, the emission pattern generated by the modified bacteria dynamically changes, enabling the system to produce encryption keys that change with time. Thus, this development indicates the potential contribution of live-cell-based encryption systems to the emerging area of information protection at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naama Lahav-Mankovski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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