1
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Borden O, Joseph BT, Head MC, Ammons OA, Kim DE, Bonino AC, Keith JM, Chianese AR. Highly Enantiomerically Enriched Secondary Alcohols via Epoxide Hydrogenolysis. Organometallics 2024; 43:1490-1501. [PMID: 38993820 PMCID: PMC11234370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.4c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In this article, we report the development of ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of epoxides to selectively give the branched (Markovnikov) alcohol products. In contrast to previously reported catalysts, the use of Milstein's PNN-pincer-ruthenium complex at room temperature allows the conversion of enantiomerically enriched epoxides to secondary alcohols without racemization of the product. The catalyst is effective for a range of aryl epoxides, alkyl epoxides, and glycidyl ethers and is the first homogeneous system to selectively promote hydrogenolysis of glycidol to 1,2-propanediol, without loss of enantiomeric purity. A detailed mechanistic study was conducted, including experimental observations of catalyst speciation under catalytically relevant conditions, comprehensive kinetic characterization of the catalytic reaction, and computational analysis via density functional theory. Heterolytic hydrogen cleavage is mediated by the ruthenium center and exogenous alkoxide base. Epoxide ring opening occurs through an opposite-side attack of the ruthenium hydride on the less-hindered epoxide carbon, giving the branched alcohol product selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia
J. Borden
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Benjamin T. Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Marianna C. Head
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Obsidian A. Ammons
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Diane Eun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Abigail C. Bonino
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Jason M. Keith
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Anthony R. Chianese
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
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2
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Khatua M, Goswami B, Devi A, Kamal, Hans S, Samanta S. A Phosphine-Oxide Cobalt(II) Complex and Its Catalytic Activity Studies toward Alcohol Dehydrogenation Triggered Direct Synthesis of Imines and Quinolines. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9786-9800. [PMID: 38739882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a new pincer-like amino phosphine donor ligand, H2L1, and its phosphine-oxide analog, H2L2, were synthesized. Subsequently, cobalt(II) complexes 1 and 2 were synthesized by the reaction of anhydrous Co(II)Cl2 with ligands H2L1 and H2L2, respectively. The ligands and complexes were fully characterized by various physicochemical and spectroscopic characterization techniques. Finally, the identity of the complexes 1 and 2 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray structure determination. The phosphine ligand containing complex 1 was converted to the phosphine oxide ligand containing complex 2 in air in acetonitrile solution. Both complexes 1 and 2 were investigated as precatalysts for alcohol dehydrogenation-triggered synthesis of imines in air. The phosphine-oxide complex 2 was more efficient than the phosphine complex 1. A wide array of alcohols and amines were successfully reacted in a mild condition to result in imines in good to excellent yields. Precatalyst 2 was also highly efficient for the synthesis of varieties of quinolines in air. As H2L2 in 2 has side arms that can be deprotonated, we investigated complex 2 for its base (KOtBu) promoted deprotonation events by various spectroscopic studies and DFT calculations. These studies have shown that mono deprotonation of the amine side arm attached to the pyridine is quite feasible, and deprotonation of complex 2 leads to a dearomatized pyridyl ring containing complex 2a. The mechanistic investigations of the catalytic reaction, by a combination of experimental and computational studies, have suggested that the dearomatized complex, 2a acted as an active catalyst. The reaction proceeded through the hydride transfer pathway. The activation barrier of this step was calculated to be 26.5 kcal/mol, which is quite consistent with the experimental reaction temperature under aerobic conditions. Although various pincer-like complexes are explored for such reactions, phosphine oxide ligand-containing complexes are still unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Khatua
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Bappaditya Goswami
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Ambika Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jammu, Jagti, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jammu, Jagti, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Shivali Hans
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jammu, Jagti, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
| | - Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jammu, Jagti, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181221, India
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3
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Sahoo ST, Mohanty A, Sharma R, Daw P. A switchable route for selective transformation of ethylene glycol to hydrogen and glycolic acid using a bifunctional ruthenium catalyst. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15343-15347. [PMID: 37432662 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01671d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The developed bifunctional NNN-Ru complex features a high catalytic efficiency for the selective production of hydrogen and glycolic acid from ethylene glycol under mild reaction conditions, where a TON of 6395 was achieved. Tuning the reaction conditions afforded further dehydrogenation of the organic substrate with higher hydrogen production, and a higher TON of 25 225 was attained. The scale-up reaction yielded 1230 mL of pure hydrogen gas under the optimized reaction conditions. The role of the bifunctional catalyst was studied and mechanistic investigations were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdee Tanaya Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, (Govt. ITI Building), Engg. School Junction, Berhampur 760010, Odisha, India.
| | - Aisa Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, (Govt. ITI Building), Engg. School Junction, Berhampur 760010, Odisha, India.
| | - Raju Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, (Govt. ITI Building), Engg. School Junction, Berhampur 760010, Odisha, India.
| | - Prosenjit Daw
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Transit Campus, (Govt. ITI Building), Engg. School Junction, Berhampur 760010, Odisha, India.
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4
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Grømer B, Saito S. Hydrogenation of CO 2 to MeOH Catalyzed by Highly Robust (PNNP)Ir Complexes Activated by Alkali Bases in Alcohol. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14116-14123. [PMID: 37589272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite receiving significant attention, well-defined homogeneous complexes for hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methanol (MeOH) are scarce and suffer issues of low catalyst turnover numbers (TONs) at high catalyst concentrations and deactivation in the presence of CO and at elevated temperatures. Herein, we disclose a system deploying sterically demanded (PNNP)Ir complexes for a sustained activity for hydrogenation of CO2 to MeOH at temperatures ∼200 °C in an alcohol solvent. Through reaction optimization, we achieved a TON of ∼9000 for MeOH formation, which exceeds most active homogeneous systems reported to date, and robustness on par with or exceeding most reactive systems utilizing amine additives was demonstrated. The key to achieving sustained catalyst turnover for the system was utilizing a catalytic amount of an alkali base additive, which serves the dual purpose of facilitating more efficient outer-sphere reduction of CO2 and HCO2Et and enhancing the selectivity of MeOH over in situ formed CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendik Grømer
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Susumu Saito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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5
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Sakurai T, Hiraoka Y, Tanaka H, Miyake Y, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Easily Switchable 18π-, 19π-, and 20π-Conjugation of Diazaporphyrin Double-Pincer Bispalladium Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300437. [PMID: 36723446 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
NiII 3,7,13,17-tetrapyridyl-5,15-diazaporphyrin serves as a double tridentate ligand to PdII ions to provide a pincer-type bispalladium complex. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the bispalladium complex shows excellent ability to accept electrons and reversible redox properties due to the coordination of the two cationic PdII centers to the meso-nitrogen atoms. We isolated and characterized one- and two-electron reduction species of the bispalladium complex. The 20π antiaromatic nature of the two-electron reduction species was confirmed by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis-near-IR (NIR) absorption spectra, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. X-ray diffraction revealed highly twisted structures for the bispalladium complexes regardless of the oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuya Hiraoka
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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6
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Head M, Joseph BT, Keith JM, Chianese AR. The Mechanism of Markovnikov-Selective Epoxide Hydrogenolysis Catalyzed by Ruthenium PNN and PNP Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2023; 42:347-356. [PMID: 36937786 PMCID: PMC10015984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The homogeneous catalysis of epoxide hydrogenolysis to give alcohols has recently received significant attention. Catalyst systems have been developed for the selective formation of either the Markovnikov (branched) or anti-Markovnikov (linear) alcohol product. Thus far, the reported catalysts exhibiting Markovnikov selectivity all feature the potential for Noyori/Shvo-type bifunctional catalysis, with either a RuH/NH or FeH/OH core structure. The proposed mechanisms of epoxide ring-opening have involved cooperative C-O bond hydrogenolysis involving the metal hydride and the acidic pendant group on the ligand, in analogy to the well-documented mechanism of polar double-bond hydrogenation exhibited by catalysts of this type. In this work, we present a combined computational/experimental study of the mechanism of epoxide hydrogenolysis catalyzed by Noyori-type PNP and PNN complexes of ruthenium. We find that, at least for these ruthenium systems, the previously proposed bifunctional pathway for epoxide ring-opening is energetically inaccessible; instead, the ring-opening proceeds through opposite-side nucleophilic attack of the ruthenium hydride on the epoxide carbon, without the involvement of the ligand N-H group. For both catalyst systems, the rate law and overall barrier predicted by density functional theory (DFT) are consistent with the results from kinetic studies.
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7
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Liu T, Wang L, Wu K, Wang Q, Yu Z. Mono- and multinuclear pincer-type Ru(II) complex catalysts and their catalytic applications. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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8
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Schlenker K, Casselman LK, VanderLinden RT, Saouma CT. Large changes in hydricity as a function of charge and not metal in (PNP)M–H (de)hydrogenation catalysts that undergo metal–ligand cooperativity. Catal Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01349e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ligand pKa and metal hydricity scale with one another in (de)hydrogenation catalysts that undergo metal–ligand cooperativity, irrespective of metal or ligand identity. Anionic hydrides are significantly more hydridic than their neutral counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Schlenker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | - Lillee K. Casselman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | | | - Caroline T. Saouma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
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9
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van Beek CB, Killian L, Lutz M, Weingarth M, Asundi AS, Sarangi R, Klein Gebbink RJM, Broere DLJ. E-selective Semi-hydrogenation of Alkynes under Mild Conditions by a Diruthenium Hydride Complex. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202527. [PMID: 35979748 PMCID: PMC10092327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of a new class of diruthenium hydrido carbonyl complexes bound to the tBu PNNP expanded pincer ligand is described. Reacting tBu PNNP with two equiv of RuHCl(PPh3 )3 (CO) at 140 °C produces an insoluble air-stable complex, which was structurally characterized as [Ru2 (tBu PNNP)H(μ-H)Cl(μ-Cl)(CO)2 ] (1) using solid-state NMR, IR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies and follow-up reactivity. A reaction with KOtBu results in deprotonation of a methylene linker to produce [Ru2 (tBu PNNP* )H(μ-H)(μ-OtBu)(CO)2 ] (3) featuring a partially dearomatized naphthyridine core. This enables metal-ligand cooperative activation of H2 analogous to the mononuclear analogue, [Ru(tBu PNP*)H(CO)]. In contrast to the mononuclear system, the bimetallic analogue 3 catalyzes the E-selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes at ambient temperature and atmospheric H2 pressure with good functional group tolerance. Monitoring the semi-hydrogenation of diphenylacetylene by 1 H NMR spectroscopy shows the intermediacy of Z-stilbene, which is subsequently isomerized to the E-isomer. Initial findings into the mode of action of this system are provided, including the spectroscopic characterization of a polyhydride intermediate and the isolation of a deactivated species with a partially hydrogenated naphthyridine backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody B van Beek
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
| | - Lars Killian
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
| | - Markus Weingarth
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
| | - Arun S Asundi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 94025, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Ritimukta Sarangi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 94025, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Robertus J M Klein Gebbink
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
| | - Daniël L J Broere
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht (The, Netherlands
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10
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Syntheses, characterizations and structures of ruthenium carbene and allenylidene complexes supported by 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me3tacn) ligands. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Grømer B, Yoshioka S, Saito S. Selective Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols in the Presence of Alcohols by a Dual Bulky Transition-Metal Complex/Lewis Acid Catalyst. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bendik Grømer
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shota Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Susumu Saito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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12
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Kumar A, Daw P, Milstein D. Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Energy: Hydrogen and Methanol Economies, Fuels from Biomass, and Related Topics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:385-441. [PMID: 34727501 PMCID: PMC8759071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As the world pledges to significantly cut carbon emissions, the demand for sustainable and clean energy has now become more important than ever. This includes both production and storage of energy carriers, a majority of which involve catalytic reactions. This article reviews recent developments of homogeneous catalysts in emerging applications of sustainable energy. The most important focus has been on hydrogen storage as several efficient homogeneous catalysts have been reported recently for (de)hydrogenative transformations promising to the hydrogen economy. Another direction that has been extensively covered in this review is that of the methanol economy. Homogeneous catalysts investigated for the production of methanol from CO2, CO, and HCOOH have been discussed in detail. Moreover, catalytic processes for the production of conventional fuels (higher alkanes such as diesel, wax) from biomass or lower alkanes have also been discussed. A section has also been dedicated to the production of ethylene glycol from CO and H2 using homogeneous catalysts. Well-defined transition metal complexes, in particular, pincer complexes, have been discussed in more detail due to their high activity and well-studied mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- School
of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, U.K., KY16 9ST
| | - Prosenjit Daw
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research Berhampur, Govt. ITI (transit Campus), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - David Milstein
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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13
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Fanara PM, Vigneswaran V, Gunasekera PS, MacMillan SN, Lacy DC. Reversible Photoisomerization in a Ru cis-Dihydride Catalyst Accessed through Atypical Metal–Ligand Cooperative H2 Activation: Photoenhanced Acceptorless Alcohol Dehydrogenation. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Fanara
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Buffalo, New York14260, United States
| | - Vipulan Vigneswaran
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Buffalo, New York14260, United States
| | - Parami S. Gunasekera
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Buffalo, New York14260, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University; Ithaca, New York14853, United States
| | - David C. Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Buffalo, New York14260, United States
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14
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Deolka S, Fayzullin RR, Khaskin E. Bulky PNP ligands blocking metal-ligand cooperation allow for isolation of Ru(0), and lead to catalytically active Ru complexes in acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103778. [PMID: 34741487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized two 4Me-PNP ligands which block metal-ligand cooperation (MLC) with the Ru center and compared their Ru complex chemistry to their two traditional analogues used in acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation catalysis. The corresponding 4Me-PNP complexes, which do not undergo dearomatization upon addition of base, allowed us to obtain rare, albeit unstable, 16 electron mono CO Ru(0) complexes. Reactivity with CO and H 2 allows for stabilization and extensive characterization of bis CO Ru(0) 18 electron and Ru(II) cis and trans dihydride species that were also shown to be capable of C(sp2)-H activation. Reactivity and catalysis are contrasted to non-methylated Ru(II) species, showing that an MLC pathway is not necessary, with dramatic differences in outcomes during catalysis between i Pr and t Bu PNP complexes within each of the 4Me and non-methylated backbone PNP series being observed. Unusual intermediates are characterized in one of the new and one of the traditional complexes, and a common catalysis deactivation pathway was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Deolka
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Robert R Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences: Institut organicheskoj i fizicheskoj khimii imeni A E Arbuzova KazNC RAN, Organic and Physical Chemistry, RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Eugene Khaskin
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Chemistry, 1919-1 Tancha, 904-0495, Onna, JAPAN
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A. Dub
- Chemistry Division Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
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16
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Pham J, Jarczyk CE, Reynolds EF, Kelly SE, Kim T, He T, Keith JM, Chianese AR. The key role of the latent N-H group in Milstein's catalyst for ester hydrogenation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8477-8492. [PMID: 35355805 PMCID: PMC8901127 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00703c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Milstein's seminal diethylamino-substituted PNN-pincer-ruthenium catalyst for ester hydrogenation is activated by dehydroalkylation of the pincer ligand, releasing ethane and eventually forming an NHEt-substituted derivative that we proposed is the active catalyst. In this paper, we present a computational and experimental mechanistic study supporting this hypothesis. Our DFT analysis shows that the minimum-energy pathways for hydrogen activation, ester hydrogenolysis, and aldehyde hydrogenation rely on the key involvement of the nascent N-H group. We have isolated and crystallographically characterized two catalytic intermediates, a ruthenium dihydride and a ruthenium hydridoalkoxide, the latter of which is the catalyst resting state. A detailed kinetic study shows that catalytic ester hydrogenation is first-order in ruthenium and hydrogen, shows saturation behavior in ester, and is inhibited by the product alcohol. A global fit of the kinetic data to a simplified model incorporating the hydridoalkoxide and dihydride intermediates and three kinetically relevant transition states showed excellent agreement with the results from DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Cole E Jarczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Eamon F Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Sophie E Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Thao Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Tianyi He
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Jason M Keith
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
| | - Anthony R Chianese
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton New York 13346 USA
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17
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Wang H, Wen J, Zhang X. Chiral Tridentate Ligands in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7530-7567. [PMID: 34014646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) of double bonds has been one of the most effective methods for the preparation of chiral molecules and for the synthesis of important chiral building blocks. In the past 60 years, noble metals with bidentate ligands have shown marvelous reactivity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric hydrogenation of a series of prochiral substrates. In recent years, developing chiral tridentate ligands has played an increasingly important role in AH. With modular frameworks and a variety of functionalities on the side arms, chiral tridentate ligand complexes enable both reactivities and stereoselectivities. Although great achievements have been made for noble metal catalysts with chiral tridentate ligands since the 1990s, the design of chiral tridentate ligands for earth abundant metal catalysts has still been in high demand. This review summarizes the development of chiral tridentate ligands for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation. The philosophy of ligand design and the reaction mechanisms are highlighted and discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jialin Wen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Dai H, Li W, Krause JA, Guan H. Experimental Evidence of syn H–N–Fe–H Configurational Requirement for Iron-Based Bifunctional Hydrogenation Catalysts. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6521-6535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiguang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Jeanette A. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Hairong Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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Alfonso N, Do VK, Chavez AJ, Chen Y, Williams TJ. Catalyst carbonylation: a hidden, but essential, step in reaction initiation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00322d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This minireview documents cases where catalyst carbonylation can be detrimental, beneficial, or even essential in the activation and lifecycle of catalysis for hydrogen transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Alfonso
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Van K. Do
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Anthony J. Chavez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Travis J. Williams
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
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