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De Tovar J, Leblay R, Wang Y, Wojcik L, Thibon-Pourret A, Réglier M, Simaan AJ, Le Poul N, Belle C. Copper-oxygen adducts: new trends in characterization and properties towards C-H activation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10308-10349. [PMID: 38994420 PMCID: PMC11234856 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01762e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the latest discoveries in the field of C-H activation by copper monoxygenases and more particularly by their bioinspired systems. This work first describes the recent background on copper-containing enzymes along with additional interpretations about the nature of the active copper-oxygen intermediates. It then focuses on relevant examples of bioinorganic synthetic copper-oxygen intermediates according to their nuclearity (mono to polynuclear). This includes a detailed description of the spectroscopic features of these adducts as well as their reactivity towards the oxidation of recalcitrant Csp3 -H bonds. The last part is devoted to the significant expansion of heterogeneous catalytic systems based on copper-oxygen cores (i.e. within zeolite frameworks).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan De Tovar
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moléculaire Grenoble France
| | - Rébecca Leblay
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille Marseille France
| | - Yongxing Wang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille Marseille France
| | - Laurianne Wojcik
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire de Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique Brest France
| | | | - Marius Réglier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille Marseille France
| | - A Jalila Simaan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille Marseille France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Université de Brest, Laboratoire de Chimie, Electrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique Brest France
| | - Catherine Belle
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Département de Chimie Moléculaire Grenoble France
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2
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Panda S, Phan H, Dunietz EM, Brueggemeyer MT, Hota PK, Siegler MA, Jose A, Bhadra M, Solomon EI, Karlin KD. Intramolecular Phenolic H-Atom Abstraction by a N 3ArOH Ligand-Supported (μ-η 2:η 2-Peroxo)dicopper(II) Species Relevant to the Active Site Function of oxy-Tyrosinase. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14942-14947. [PMID: 38775712 PMCID: PMC11193493 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic side-on peroxide-bound dicopper(II) (SP) complexes are important for understanding the active site structure/function of many copper-containing enzymes. This work highlights the formation of new {CuII(μ-η2:η2-O22-)CuII} complexes (with electronic absorption and resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopic characterization) using tripodal N3ArOH ligands at -135 °C, which spontaneously participate in intramolecular phenolic H-atom abstraction (HAA). This results in the generation of bis(phenoxyl radical)bis(μ-OH)dicopper(II) intermediates, substantiated by their EPR/UV-vis/rR spectroscopic signatures and crystal structural determination of a diphenoquinone dicopper(I) complex derived from ligand para-C═C coupling. The newly observed chemistry in these ligand-Cu systems is discussed with respect to (a) our Cu-MeAN (tridentate N,N,N',N',N″-pentamethyldipropylenetriamine)-derived model SP species, which was unreactive toward exogenous monophenol addition (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 8513-8524), emphasizing the impact of intramolecularly tethered ArOH groups, and (b) recent advances in understanding the mechanism of action of the tyrosinase (Ty) enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hai Phan
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Eleanor M Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Pradip Kumar Hota
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Anex Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mayukh Bhadra
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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3
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Campi CE, Parkatzidis K, Anastasaki A, Schindler S. Unusual Stability of an End-on Superoxido Copper(II) Complex under Ambient Conditions. Chemistry 2024:e202401634. [PMID: 38718317 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Superoxido copper complexes play an important role as usually short-lived intermediates in biology and chemistry. The unusual stability of an end-on superoxido copper complex observed in an oxygen-enhanced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) led to a detailed mechanistic investigation of the formation of [CuII(Me6tren)(O2⋅-)]+ (Me6tren=tris(2-dimethyl-aminoethyl)amine) under ambient conditions. The persistence of the superoxido copper complex could be explained by a reaction cycle including the peroxido complex [(Me6tren)2CuII 2(O2)]2+ together with [CuI(Me6tren)(DMSO)]+ and [CuII(Me6tren)(OH)]+ in the overall reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Eleonora Campi
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Hessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Hessen, 35392, Germany
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4
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Liu M, Cai J, Huang L, Duan C. Photocatalytic C(sp 3)-H bond functionalization by Cu(I) halide cluster-mediated O 2 activation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17109-17113. [PMID: 37987084 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02862c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic C-H bond activation is a challenging approach to selectively functionalize C(sp3)-H bonds with dioxygen under mild conditions. Herein, by merging transition metal- and photo-catalysis, photoactive Cu(I)-halide(X) (X = Cl, Br, I) clusters are employed to effectively catalyse the selective monooxygenation and C-C oxidative cross-coupling of C(sp3)-H bonds with unreactive O2 upon light irradiation. This modern protocol promises a photoinduced SET process between Cu(I)-clusters and O2, and possibly forms Cu(II)-O2˙- species for abstracting the H-atom from the C(sp3)-H bond. This process produces alkyl radicals to react with -OOH or nucleophiles for oxidation or cross-coupling products, advancing the Cu(I)-cluster mediated photoredox catalysis toward functional fine chemicals with pursued selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Junkai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu College of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, P. R. China.
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5
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Kim B, Karlin KD. Ligand-Copper(I) Primary O 2-Adducts: Design, Characterization, and Biological Significance of Cupric-Superoxides. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2197-2212. [PMID: 37527056 PMCID: PMC11152209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
In this Account, we overview and highlight synthetic bioinorganic chemistry focused on initial adducts formed from the reaction of reduced ligand-copper(I) coordination complexes with molecular oxygen, reactions that produce ligand-CuII(O2•-) complexes (O2•- ≡ superoxide anion). We provide mostly a historical perspective, starting in the Karlin research group in the 1980s, emphasizing the ligand design and ligand effects, structure, and spectroscopy of these O2 adducts and subsequent further reactivity with substrates, including the interaction with a second ligand-CuI complex to form binuclear species. The Account emphasizes the approach, evolution, and results obtained in the Karlin group, a synthetic bioinorganic research program inspired by the state of knowledge and insights obtained on enzymes possessing copper ion active sites which process molecular oxygen. These constitute an important biochemistry for all levels/types of organisms, bacteria, fungi, insects, and mammals, including humans.Copper is earth abundant, and its redox properties in complexes allow for facile CuII/CuI interconversions. Simple salts or coordination complexes have been well known to serve as oxidants for the stoichiometric or catalytic oxidation or oxygenation (i.e., O-atom insertion) of organic substrates. Thus, copper dioxygen- or peroxide-centered synthetic bioinorganic studies provide strong relevance and potential application to synthesis or even the development of cathodic catalysts for dioxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide or water, as in fuel cells. The Karlin group's focus however was primarily oriented toward bioinorganic chemistry with the goal to provide fundamental insights into the nature of copper-dioxygen adducts and further reduced and/or protonated derivatives, species likely occurring in enzyme turnover or related in one or more aspects of formation, structure, spectroscopic properties, and scope of reactivity toward organic/biochemical substrates.Prior to this time, the 1980s, O2 adducts of redox-active first-row transition-metal ions focused on iron, such as the porphyrinate-Fe centers occurring in the oxygen carrier proteins myoglobin and hemoglobin and that determined to occur in cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase turnover. Deoxy (i.e., reduced Fe(II)) heme proteins react with O2, giving FeIII-superoxo complexes (preferably referred to by traditional biochemists as ferrous-oxy species). And, it was in the 1970s that great strides were made by synthetic chemists in generating hemes capable of forming O2 adducts, their physiochemical characterization providing critical insights to enzyme (bio)chemistry and providing ideas and important goals leading to countless person years of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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6
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Huang H, Jing X, Deng J, Meng C, Duan C. Enzyme-Inspired Coordination Polymers for Selective Oxidization of C(sp 3)-H Bonds via Multiphoton Excitation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2170-2182. [PMID: 36657380 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nature's blueprint provides the fundamental principles for expanding the use of abundant metals in catalysis; however, mimicking both the structure and function of copper enzymes simultaneously in one artificial system for selective C-H bond oxidation faces marked challenges. Herein, we report a new approach to the assembly of artificial monooxygenases utilizing a binuclear Cu2S2Cl2 cluster to duplicate the identical structure and catalysis of the CuA enzyme. The designed monooxygenase Cu-Cl-bpyc facilitates well-defined redox potential that initially activated O2via photoinduced electron transfer, and generated an active chlorine radical via a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) process from the consecutive excitation of the in situ formed copper(II) center. The chlorine radical abstracts a hydrogen atom selectively from C(sp3)-H bonds to generate the radical intermediate; meanwhile, the O2•- species interacted with the mimic to form mixed-valence species, giving the desired oxidization products with inherent product selectivity of copper monooxygenases and recovering the catalyst directly. This enzymatic protocol exhibits excellent recyclability, good functional group tolerance, and broad substrate scope, including some biological and pharmacologically relevant targets. Mechanistic studies indicate that the C-H bond cleavage was the rate-determining step and the cuprous interactions were essential to stabilize the active oxygen species. The well-defined structural characters and the fine-modified catalytic properties open a new avenue to develop robust artificial enzymes with uniform and precise active sites and high catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Xu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Jiangtao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Changgong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
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7
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Parkatzidis K, Truong NP, Whitfield R, Campi CE, Grimm-Lebsanft B, Buchenau S, Rübhausen MA, Harrisson S, Konkolewicz D, Schindler S, Anastasaki A. Oxygen-Enhanced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization through the Formation of a Copper Superoxido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1906-1915. [PMID: 36626247 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In controlled radical polymerization, oxygen is typically regarded as an undesirable component resulting in terminated polymer chains, deactivated catalysts, and subsequent cessation of the polymerization. Here, we report an unusual atom transfer radical polymerization whereby oxygen favors the polymerization by triggering the in situ transformation of CuBr/L to reactive superoxido species at room temperature. Through a superoxido ARGET-ATRP mechanism, an order of magnitude faster polymerization rate and a rapid and complete initiator consumption can be achieved as opposed to when unoxidized CuBr/L was instead employed. Very high end-group fidelity has been demonstrated by mass-spectrometry and one-pot synthesis of block and multiblock copolymers while pushing the reactions to reach near-quantitative conversions in all steps. A high molecular weight polymer could also be targeted (DPn = 6400) without compromising the control over the molar mass distributions (Đ < 1.20), even at an extremely low copper concentration (4.5 ppm). The versatility of the technique was demonstrated by the polymerization of various monomers in a controlled fashion. Notably, the efficiency of our methodology is unaffected by the purity of the starting CuBr, and even a brown highly-oxidized 15-year-old CuBr reagent enabled a rapid and controlled polymerization with a final dispersity of 1.07, thus not only reducing associated costs but also omitting the need for rigorous catalyst purification prior to polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chiara E Campi
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Benjamin Grimm-Lebsanft
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Sören Buchenau
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Michael A Rübhausen
- Center For Free Electron Laser Science, University of Hamburg, Institut für Nanostruktur und Festkörperphysik, Gebäude 99, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Simon Harrisson
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, University of Bordeaux/ENSCBP/CNRS UMR5629, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 17, D-35392, Gießen, Hessen 35392, Germany
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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8
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Liao G, Mei F, Chen Z, Yin G. Lewis acid improved dioxygen activation by a non-heme iron(II) complex towards tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity for olefin oxygenation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18024-18032. [PMID: 36373374 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02769k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dioxygen activation and catalysis around ambient temperature is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Inspired by the significant roles of the hydrogen bond network in dioxygen activation and catalysis by redox enzymes, this work presents a Lewis acid improved dioxygen activation by an FeII(BPMEN)(OTf)2 complex towards tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) activity for 3-methylindole and common olefinic CC bond oxygenation and cleavage (enzymatic Brønsted acid vs. chemical Lewis acid). It was found that the presence of a Lewis acid such as Sc3+ could substantially improve olefinic CC bond oxygenation and cleavage activity through FeII(BPMEN)(OTf)2 catalyzed dioxygen activation. Notably, a more negative ρ value in the Hammett plot of para-substituted styrene oxygenations was observed in the presence of a stronger Lewis acid, disclosing the enhanced electrophilic oxygenation capability of the putative iron(III) superoxo species through its electrostatic interaction with a stronger Lewis acid. Thereof, this work has demonstrated a new strategy in catalyst design for dioxygen activation and catalysis for olefin oxygenation, a significant process in the chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjian Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Fuming Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Guochuan Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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9
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Czaikowski ME, McNeece AJ, Boyn JN, Jesse KA, Anferov SW, Filatov AS, Mazziotti DA, Anderson JS. Generation and Aerobic Oxidative Catalysis of a Cu(II) Superoxo Complex Supported by a Redox-Active Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15569-15580. [PMID: 35977083 PMCID: PMC10017013 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cu systems feature prominently in aerobic oxidative catalysis in both biology and synthetic chemistry. Metal ligand cooperativity is a common theme in both areas as exemplified by galactose oxidase and by aminoxyl radicals in alcohol oxidations. This has motivated investigations into the aerobic chemistry of Cu and specifically the isolation and study of Cu-superoxo species that are invoked as key catalytic intermediates. While several examples of complexes that model biologically relevant Cu(II) superoxo intermediates have been reported, they are not typically competent aerobic catalysts. Here, we report a new Cu complex of the redox-active ligand tBu,TolDHP (2,5-bis((2-t-butylhydrazono)(p-tolyl)methyl)-pyrrole) that activates O2 to generate a catalytically active Cu(II)-superoxo complex via ligand-based electron transfer. Characterization using ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, Raman isotope labeling studies, and Cu extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis confirms the assignment of an end-on κ1 superoxo complex. This Cu-O2 complex engages in a range of aerobic catalytic oxidations with substrates including alcohols and aldehydes. These results demonstrate that bioinspired Cu systems can not only model important bioinorganic intermediates but can also mediate and provide mechanistic insight into aerobic oxidative transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia E Czaikowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Andrew J McNeece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jan-Niklas Boyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kate A Jesse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Sophie W Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - David A Mazziotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - John S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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10
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Forero-Girón AC, Toro-Labbé A. How Does Electronic Activity Drive Chemical Reactions? Insights from the Reaction Electronic Flux for the Conversion of Dopamine into Norepinephrine. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4156-4163. [PMID: 35748576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is a crucial step in the physiological conversion of dopamine into norepinephrine catalyzed by dopamine β-monooxygenase. The way the reaction takes place is unclear, and a rational explanation on how the electronic activity drives the HAT seems to be necessary. In this work, we answer this question using the reaction electronic flux (REF), a DFT-based descriptor of electronic activity. Two reaction mechanisms will be analyzed using the REF's decomposition in polarization and electron transfer effects. Results show that both mechanisms proceed as follows: (1) polarization effects initiate the reactions producing structural distortions; (2) electron transfer processes take over near the transition states, triggering specific chemical events such as bond forming and breaking which are responsible to push the reactions toward the products; (3) after passing the transition state, polarization shows up again and drives the relaxation process toward the product. Similar polarization effects were observed in both reactions, but they present an opposite behavior of the electronic transfer flux disclosing the fact that electron transfer phenomena govern the reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Carolay Forero-Girón
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago de Chile, 7820436, Chile
| | - Alejandro Toro-Labbé
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago de Chile, 7820436, Chile
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11
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Karlin KD, Hota PK, Kim B. Concluding remarks: discussion on natural and artificial enzymes including synthetic models. Faraday Discuss 2022; 234:388-404. [PMID: 35507381 PMCID: PMC9148554 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00073c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper overviews the final remarks lecture delivered (by K. D. K.) at the end of this bioinorganic chemistry Faraday Discussion, held online for a worldwide audience from January 31 - February 3, 2022. This paper provides discussion in six sections: (1) the Introductory lecture, from Ed Solomon, emphasized past and present uses of advanced spectroscopic methods and theoretical approaches to elucidate metalloenzyme active site structure, physical properties and function. (2) The discussion topics are divided into groups having similar research themes, as seen from this author's perspective. Emphasis is given to the non-heme iron group of articles with dioxygen activation research. (3) Small molecule activation (e.g., N2, CO2 and O2 reduction; CH4 or H2O oxidation) is widely covered in this discussion; this authors' view of the important reactions in bioinorganic chemistry is discussed. (4) We discuss current practice and vision for employing materials chemistry to widely apply to electrocatalytic methods to effect small molecule activation (as above) to fulfill societal energy demands. (5) A discussion is given on the topic of synthetic models and the approach utilized therein. (6) New research on the authors' synthetic modeling is presented; preliminary results are given in the area of copper mediated peroxide activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
| | - Pradip K Hota
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
| | - Bohee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
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12
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Theoretical perspective on mononuclear copper-oxygen mediated C–H and O–H activations: A comparison between biological and synthetic systems. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Zhao R, Zhang BB, Liu Z, Cheng GJ, Wang ZX. DFT Mechanistic Insights into Aldehyde Deformylations with Biomimetic Metal-Dioxygen Complexes: Distinct Mechanisms and Reaction Rules. JACS AU 2022; 2:745-761. [PMID: 35373207 PMCID: PMC8970012 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde deformylations occurring in organisms are catalyzed by metalloenzymes through metal-dioxygen active cores, attracting great interest to study small-molecule metal-dioxygen complexes for understanding relevant biological processes and developing biomimetic catalysts for aerobic transformations. As the known deformylation mechanisms, including nucleophilic attack, aldehyde α-H-atom abstraction, and aldehyde hydrogen atom abstraction, undergo outer-sphere pathways, we herein report a distinct inner-sphere mechanism based on density functional theory (DFT) mechanistic studies of aldehyde deformylations with a copper (II)-superoxo complex. The inner-sphere mechanism proceeds via a sequence mainly including aldehyde end-on coordination, homolytic aldehyde C-C bond cleavage, and dioxygen O-O bond cleavage, among which the C-C bond cleavage is the rate-determining step with a barrier substantially lower than those of outer-sphere pathways. The aldehyde C-C bond cleavage, enabled through the activation of the dioxygen ligand radical in a second-order nucleophilic substitution (SN2)-like fashion, leads to an alkyl radical and facilitates the subsequent dioxygen O-O bond cleavage. Furthermore, we deduced the rules for the reactions of metal-dioxygen complexes with aldehydes and nitriles via the inner-sphere mechanism. Expectedly, our proposed inner-sphere mechanisms and the reaction rules offer another perspective to understand relevant biological processes involving metal-dioxygen cores and to discover metal-dioxygen catalysts for aerobic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Zhao
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- Warshel
Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou
University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Gui-Juan Cheng
- Warshel
Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School
of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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14
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Rotärmel T, Becker J, Schindler S. Syntheses and investigation of metal complexes with macrocyclic polythioether ligands. Faraday Discuss 2022; 234:70-85. [PMID: 35171171 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper(I) complexes with the macrocyclic thioether ligands 1,4,8,11-tetrathiacyclotetradecane (tetrathiacyclam, 14-S4) and 1,8-dithia-4,11-diazacyclotetradecane (dithiacyclam, 14-N2S2) were synthesised and structurally characterised. While the copper(I) complexes showed no reactivity towards dioxygen, the formation of "dioxygen adduct complexes" could be spectroscopically detected with ozone using low temperature stopped-flow techniques. Furthermore, it was possible to synthesise and characterise iron(II) and cobalt(II) complexes with the tetrathiacyclam ligand. No "dioxygen adduct" intermediates were observed when these complexes were reacted with dioxygen or ozone. Depending on the reaction conditions, the coordination of the metal ions could be controlled (endo- vs. exo-coordination and cis- vs. trans-coordination) and in addition to mononuclear complexes, also coordination polymers were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rotärmel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
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15
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Copper monooxygenase reactivity: Do consensus mechanisms accurately reflect experimental observations? J Inorg Biochem 2022; 231:111780. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Davydov R, Herzog AE, Jodts RJ, Karlin KD, Hoffman BM. End-On Copper(I) Superoxo and Cu(II) Peroxo and Hydroperoxo Complexes Generated by Cryoreduction/Annealing and Characterized by EPR/ENDOR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:377-389. [PMID: 34981938 PMCID: PMC8785356 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we investigate the physical and chemical properties of monocopper Cu(I) superoxo and Cu(II) peroxo and hydroperoxo complexes. These are prepared by cryoreduction/annealing of the parent [LCuI(O2)]+ Cu(I) dioxygen adducts with the tripodal, N4-coordinating, tetradentate ligands L = PVtmpa, DMMtmpa, TMG3tren and are best described as [LCuII(O2•-)]+ Cu(II) complexes that possess end-on (η1-O2•-) superoxo coordination. Cryogenic γ-irradiation (77 K) of the EPR-silent parent complexes generates mobile electrons from the solvent that reduce the [LCuII(O2•-)]+ within the frozen matrix, trapping the reduced form fixed in the structure of the parent complex. Cryoannealing, namely progressively raising the temperature of a frozen sample in stages and then cooling back to low temperature at each stage for examination, tracks the reduced product as it relaxes its structure and undergoes chemical transformations. We employ EPR and ENDOR (electron-nuclear double resonance) as powerful spectroscopic tools for examining the properties of the states that form. Surprisingly, the primary products of reduction of the Cu(II) superoxo species are metastable cuprous superoxo [LCuI(O2•-)]+ complexes. During annealing to higher temperatures this state first undergoes internal electron transfer (IET) to form the end-on Cu(II) peroxo state, which is then protonated to form Cu(II)-OOH species. This is the first time these methods, which have been used to determine key details of metalloenzyme catalytic cycles and are a powerful tools for tracking PCET reactions, have been applied to copper coordination compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Davydov
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
| | - Austin E Herzog
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Richard J Jodts
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States
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17
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Gómez‐Vidales V, Castillo I. Thioether‐Containing Copper Complexes as PHM, DβM, and TβM Model Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Gómez‐Vidales
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, CU 04510 México
| | - Ivan Castillo
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, CU 04510 México
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18
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Sacramento JJD, Albert T, Siegler M, Moënne-Loccoz P, Goldberg DP. An Iron(III) Superoxide Corrole from Iron(II) and Dioxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202111492. [PMID: 34850509 PMCID: PMC8789326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A new structurally characterized ferrous corrole [FeII (ttppc)]- (1) binds one equivalent of dioxygen to form [FeIII (O2-. )(ttppc)]- (2). This complex exhibits a 16/18 O2 -isotope sensitive ν(O-O) stretch at 1128 cm-1 concomitantly with a single ν(Fe-O2 ) at 555 cm-1 , indicating it is an η1 -superoxo ("end-on") iron(III) complex. Complex 2 is the first well characterized Fe-O2 corrole, and mediates the following biologically relevant oxidation reactions: dioxygenation of an indole derivative, and H-atom abstraction from an activated O-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jireh Joy D. Sacramento
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Therese Albert
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - Maxime Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Pierre Moënne-Loccoz
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - David P. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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19
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Sacramento JJD, Albert T, Siegler M, Moënne‐Loccoz P, Goldberg DP. An Iron(III) Superoxide Corrole from Iron(II) and Dioxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jireh Joy D. Sacramento
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Therese Albert
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239-3098 USA
| | - Maxime Siegler
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Pierre Moënne‐Loccoz
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239-3098 USA
| | - David P. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
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20
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Zhang J, Lee YM, Seo MS, Kim Y, Lee E, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. Oxidative versus basic asynchronous hydrogen atom transfer reactions of Mn(III)-hydroxo and Mn(III)-aqua complexes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00741j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) of metal-oxygen intermediates such as metal-oxo, -hydroxo and -superoxo species have so far been studied extensively. However, HAT reactions of metal-aqua complexes have yet to be...
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21
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Quek SY, Debnath S, Laxmi S, van Gastel M, Krämer T, England J. Sterically Stabilized End-On Superoxocopper(II) Complexes and Mechanistic Insights into Their Reactivity with O-H, N-H, and C-H Substrates. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19731-19747. [PMID: 34783549 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Instability of end-on superoxocopper(II) complexes, with respect to conversion to peroxo-bridged dicopper(II) complexes, has largely constrained their study to very low temperatures. This limits their kinetic capacity to oxidize substrates. In response, we have developed a series of bulky ligands, Ar3-TMPA (Ar = tpb, dpb, dtbpb), and used them to support copper(I) complexes that react with O2 to yield [CuII(η1-O2•-)(Ar3-TMPA)]+ species, which are stable against dimerization at all temperatures. Binding of O2 saturates at subambient temperatures and can be reversed by warming. The onset of oxygenation for the Ar = tpb and dpb systems is observed at 25 °C, and all three [CuII(η1-O2•-)(Ar3-TMPA)]+ complexes are stable against self-decay at temperatures of ≤-20 °C. This provides a wide temperature window for study of these complexes, which was exploited by performing extensive reaction kinetics measurements for [CuII(η1-O2•-)(tpb3-TMPA)]+ using a broad range of O-H, N-H, and C-H bond substrates. This includes correlation of second order rate constants (k2) versus oxidation potentials (Eox) for a range of phenols, construction of Eyring plots, and temperature-dependent kinetic isotope effect (KIE) measurements. The data obtained indicate that reaction with all substrates proceeds via H atom transfer (HAT), reaction with the phenols proceeds with significant charge transfer, and full tunneling of both H and D atoms occurs in the case of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine and 4-methoxy-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol. Oxidation of C-H bonds proved to be kinetically challenging, and whereas [CuII(η1-O2•-)(tpb3-TMPA)]+ can oxidize moderately strong O-H and N-H bonds, it is only able to oxidize very weak C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Y Quek
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Suman Debnath
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shoba Laxmi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470, Germany
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23 F2H6, Ireland.,Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23 F2H6, Ireland
| | - Jason England
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TW, U.K
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22
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Brückmann T, Becker J, Würtele C, Seuffert MT, Heuler D, Müller-Buschbaum K, Weiß M, Schindler S. Characterization of copper complexes with derivatives of the ligand (2-aminoethyl)bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (uns-penp) and their reactivity towards oxygen. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111544. [PMID: 34333248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of copper(I) complexes with ligands derived from the tripodal ligand (2-aminoethyl)bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (uns-penp) have been structurally characterized and their redox chemistry analyzed by cyclic voltammetry. While the redox potentials of most of the complexes were similar their reactivity towards dioxygen was quite different. While the complex with a ferrocene derived ligand of uns-penp reacted in solution at low temperatures in a two-step reaction from the preliminary formed mononuclear end-on superoxido complex to a quite stable dinuclear peroxido complex it did not react with dioxygen in the solid state. Other complexes also did not react with dioxygen in the solid state while some showed a reversible formation to a green compound, indicating formation of an end-on superoxido complex that unfortunately so far could not be characterized. In contrast, copper complexes with the Me2uns-penp and Et-iProp-uns-penp formed dinuclear peroxido complexes in a solid-state reaction. While the reaction of dioxygen with the [Cu(Me2uns-penp]BPh4 was quite slow an instant reaction took place for [Cu(Et-iProp-uns-penp]BPh. Very unusual, it turned out that crystals of the copper(I) complex that could be structurally characterized still were crystalline when reacted with dioxygen. Therefore, it was possible to solve the structure of the corresponding dinuclear peroxido complex directly from the same batch of crystals. The crystalline structures of the copper(I) and copper(II) complex revealed that the reason for this is the fact, that the copper(I) complex is kind of preorganized for the uptake of dioxygen and does not really change in its overall structure when being oxidized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Brückmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Marcel Thomas Seuffert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Dominik Heuler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus Müller-Buschbaum
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Morten Weiß
- Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
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