1
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Fan ZW, Li ZQ, Zhao BY, Wang MY, Zhang HX, Wang YQ. Acid Promoted Tetrafunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes: Geminal Diazidation and Dibromination. Org Lett 2024; 26:3878-3882. [PMID: 38678578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of complex alkanes by the tetrafunctionalization of alkynes is limited and challenging. Herein, an unprecedented efficient geminal diazidation and dibromination of terminal alkynes is developed, which provides novel access to structurally diverse organic azides. The approach has exclusive chemo- and regioselectivity and features mild reaction conditions, good tolerance of various functional groups, and more crucially, no metal involved in the reaction, thereby benefiting the late-stage decoration of medicinal molecules. A mechanistic study showed that the current geminal diazidation and dibromination proceeds via a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Yin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
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2
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Wang H, Jie X, Chong Q, Meng F. Pathway-divergent coupling of 1,3-enynes with acrylates through cascade cobalt catalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3427. [PMID: 38654019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Catalytic cascade transformations of simple starting materials into highly functionalized molecules bearing a stereochemically defined multisubstituted alkene, which are important in medicinal chemistry, natural product synthesis, and material science, are in high demand for organic synthesis. The development of multiple reaction pathways accurately controlled by catalysts derived from different ligands is a critical goal in the field of catalysis. Here we report a cobalt-catalyzed strategy for the direct coupling of inexpensive 1,3-enynes with two molecules of acrylates to construct a high diversity of functionalized 1,3-dienes containing a trisubstituted or tetrasubstituted olefin. Such cascade reactions can proceed through three different pathways initiated by oxidative cyclization to achieve multiple bond formation in high chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity precisely controlled by ligands, providing a platform for the development of tandem carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qinglei Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Fanke Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300074, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China.
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3
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Xu S, Zhang H, Xu J, Suo W, Lu CS, Tu D, Guo X, Poater J, Solà M, Yan H. Photoinduced Selective B-H Activation of nido-Carboranes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7791-7802. [PMID: 38461434 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of new synthetic methods for B-H bond activation has been an important research area in boron cluster chemistry, which may provide opportunities to broaden the application scope of boron clusters. Herein, we present a new reaction strategy for the direct site-selective B-H functionalization of nido-carboranes initiated by photoinduced cage activation via a noncovalent cage···π interaction. As a result, the nido-carborane cage radical is generated through a single electron transfer from the 3D nido-carborane cage to a 2D photocatalyst upon irradiation with green light. The resulting transient nido-carborane cage radical could be directly probed by an advanced time-resolved EPR technique. In air, the subsequent transformations of the active nido-carborane cage radical have led to efficient and selective B-N, B-S, and B-Se couplings in the presence of N-heterocycles, imines, thioethers, thioamides, and selenium ethers. This protocol also facilitates both the late-stage modification of drugs and the synthesis of nido-carborane-based drug candidates for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiqun Suo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xingwei Guo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jordi Poater
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Girona, Catalonia 17003, Spain
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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4
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Ma X, Tan M, Li L, Zhong Z, Li P, Liang J, Song Q. Ni-catalysed assembly of axially chiral alkenes from alkynyl tetracoordinate borons via 1,3-metallate shift. Nat Chem 2024; 16:42-53. [PMID: 38182763 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis based on a metallate shift of tetracoordinate borons is an intriguing and challenging topic. Despite the construction of central chirality from tetracoordinate boron species via a 1,2-metallate shift, catalytic asymmetric synthesis of axially chiral compounds from such boron 'ate' complexes is an ongoing challenge. Axially chiral alkenes have received great attention due to their unique characteristics and intriguing molecular scaffolds. Here we report an enantioselective nickel-catalysed strategy for the construction of axially chiral alkenes via a 1,3-metallate shift of alkynyl tetracoordinate boron species. The chemoselectivity, regioselectivity and atroposelectivity can be regulated and well-controlled from readily accessible starting materials with a cheap transition-metal catalyst. Downstream transformations indicate the powerful conversion ability of such compounds in this protocol, and late-stage elaborations of bioactive compounds can also be achieved. Mechanistic experiments reveal that regioselective syn-addition of an aryl-Ni complex with a carbon-carbon triple bond and subsequent 1,3-phenyl migration are the two key steps for the synthesis of axially chiral alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mengwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Luo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zihao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Puhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinchao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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5
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Zhou W, Luo ZW, Xiao H, Yi J, Dai JJ. Photo-Triggered, Copper(II) Chloride-Catalyzed Radical Hydroalkylation and Hydrosilylation of Vinylboronic Esters To Access Alkylboronic Esters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14708-14718. [PMID: 37791810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl boronic acids and their derivatives constitute vital building blocks in organic synthesis and are important motifs identified in medicinal chemistry. Herein, we present a phototriggered, CuCl2-catalyzed radical hydroalkylation and hydrosilylation of vinylboronic esters to alkylboronic esters. This approach exhibits mild reaction conditions, utilization of easily accessible reagents, and scalability up to a gram scale. Further synthetic transformations of the hydrosilylation products and mechanistic studies are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jian-Jun Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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6
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Guo Y, Wang X, Li C, Su J, Xu J, Song Q. Decarboxylation of β-boryl NHPI esters enables radical 1,2-boron shift for the assembly of versatile organoborons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5693. [PMID: 37709736 PMCID: PMC10502150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, numerous 1,2-R shift (R = aliphatic or aryl) based on tetracoordinate boron species have been well investigated. In the contrary, the corresponding radical migrations, especially 1,2-boryl radical shift for the construction of organoborons is still in its infancy. Given the paucity and significance of such strategies in boron chemistry, it is urgent to develop other efficient and alternative synthetic protocols to enrich these underdeveloped radical 1,2-boron migrations, before their fundamental potential applications could be fully explored at will. Herein, we have demonstrated a visible-light-induced photoredox neutral decarboxylative radical cross-coupling reaction, which undergoes a radical 1,2-boron shift to give a translocated C-radical for further capture of versatile radical acceptors. The mild reaction conditions, good functional-group tolerance, and broad β-boryl NHPI esters scope as well as versatile radical acceptors make this protocol applicable in modification of bioactive molecules. It can be expected that this methodology will be a very useful tool and an alternative strategy for the construction of primary organoborons via a novel radical 1,2-boron shift mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosha Wang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Chengbo Li
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, 361021, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China.
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7
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Tang M, Zhu W, Sun H, Wang J, Jing S, Wang M, Shi Z, Hu J. Facile preparation of organosilanes from benzylboronates and gem-diborylalkanes mediated by KO tBu. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7355-7360. [PMID: 37416710 PMCID: PMC10321478 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods to efficiently synthesize organosilanes are valuable in the fields of synthetic chemistry and materials science. During the past decades, boron conversion has become a generic and powerful approach for constructing carbon-carbon and other carbon-heteroatom bonds, but its potential application in forming carbon-silicon remains unexplored. Herein, we describe an alkoxide base-promoted deborylative silylation of benzylic organoboronates, geminal bis(boronates) or alkyltriboronates, allowing for straightforward access to synthetically valuable organosilanes. This selective deborylative methodology exhibits operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility and convenient scalability, providing an effective and complementary platform for the generation of diversified benzyl silanes and silylboronates. Detailed experimental results and calculated studies revealed an unusual mechanistic feature of this C-Si bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Tang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wenyan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Huaxing Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Su Jing
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jiefeng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
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8
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Kong D, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Cao H, Wu J. Photocatalyzed regioselective hydrosilylation for the divergent synthesis of geminal and vicinal borosilanes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2525. [PMID: 37130840 PMCID: PMC10154379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Geminal and vicinal borosilanes are useful building blocks in synthetic chemistry and material science. Hydrosilylation/hydroborylation of unsaturated systems offer expedient access to these motifs. In contrast to the well-established transition-metal-catalyzed methods, radical approaches are rarely explored. Herein we report the synthesis of geminal borosilanes from α-selective hydrosilylation of alkenyl boronates via photoinduced hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysis. Mechanistic studies implicate that the α-selectivity originates from a kinetically favored radical addition and an energetically favored HAT process. We further demonstrate selective synthesis of vicinal borosilanes through hydrosilylation of allyl boronates via 1,2-boron radical migration. These strategies exhibit broad scopes across primary, secondary, and tertiary silanes and various boron compounds. The synthetic utility is evidenced by access to multi-borosilanes in a diverse fashion and scaling up by continuous-flow synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Muliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
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9
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Liu T, Mao XR, Song S, Chen ZY, Wu Y, Xu LP, Wang P. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of 1,1-Disubstituted Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216878. [PMID: 36651564 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the first example of Ni-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,1-disubstituted allenes with high level of regioselectivities and enantioselectivities. The key to achieve this stereoselective hydrosilylation reaction was the development of the SPSiOL-derived bisphosphite ligands (SPSiPO). This protocol features broad substrate scope, excellent functional group, and heterocycle tolerance, thus provides a versatile method for the construction of enantioenriched tertiary allylsilanes in a straightforward and atom-economic manner. DFT calculations were performed to reveal the reaction mechanism and the origins of the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Rui Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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10
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Metal-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions between Alkynoic Acids and Dinucleophiles: A Review. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cascade reactions provide a straightforward access to many valuable compounds and reduce considerably the number of steps of a synthetic sequence. Among the domino and multicomponent processes that involve alkynes, the cascade reaction between alkynoic acids and C-, N-, O- and S-aminonucleophiles stands out as a particularly powerful tool for the one-pot construction of libraries of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds with scaffold diversity and molecular complexity. This reaction, based on an initial metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization that generates an alkylidene lactone intermediate, was originally catalyzed by gold(I) catalysts, along with silver salts or Brönsted acid additives, but other alternative metal catalysts have emerged in the last decade as well as different reaction media. This review examines the existing literature on the topic of metal-catalyzed cascade reactions of acetylenic acids and dinucleophiles and discusses aspects concerning substrate/catalyst ratio for every catalyst system, nature of the aminonucleophile involved and substrate scope. In addition, alternative solvents are also considered, and an insight into the pathway of the reaction and possible intermediates is also provided.
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11
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Chen C, Zhu S. Rhodium-Catalyzed Migratory 1, n-Diborylation of Alkynes and Migratory Hydroboration of Vinylboronates. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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12
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Dai L, Guo J, Huang Q, Lu Y. Asymmetric multifunctionalization of alkynes via photo-irradiated organocatalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd2574. [PMID: 36103531 PMCID: PMC9473573 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Alkynes represent a family of pivotal and sustainable feedstocks for various industries such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials, and they are widely used as important starting materials for the production of a broad range of chemical entities. Nevertheless, efficient structural elaborations of alkynes in chemical synthesis, especially asymmetric multifunctionalization of alkynes, remain largely unexplored. It is thus imperative to develop new asymmetric synthetic approaches, making use of these richly available chemical feedstocks, and enabling their conversion to value-added chiral molecules. Here, we disclose our findings on highly enantioselective multifunctionalization of alkynes by merging photochemistry and chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. Our reported one-pot synthetic protocol is applicable to all types of alkyne substrates, incorporating all three reactants in a fully atom-economic fashion to produce optically enriched tetrasubstituted triaryl- and diarylmethanes, important structural scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jiami Guo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Qingqin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Yixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Enantioselective Cu-catalyzed double hydroboration of alkynes to access chiral gem-diborylalkanes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3524. [PMID: 35725731 PMCID: PMC9209482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31234-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral organoborons are of great value in asymmetric synthesis, functional materials, and medicinal chemistry. The development of chiral bis(boryl) alkanes, especially optically enriched 1,1-diboron compounds, has been greatly inhibited by the lack of direct synthetic protocols. Therefore, it is very challenging to develop a simple and effective strategy to obtain chiral 1,1-diborylalkanes. Herein, we develop an enantioselective copper-catalyzed cascade double hydroboration of terminal alkynes and highly enantioenriched gem-diborylalkanes were readily obtained. Our strategy uses simple terminal alkynes and two different boranes to construct valuable chiral gem-bis(boryl) alkanes with one catalytic and one ligand pattern, which represents the simplest and most straightforward strategy for constructing such chiral gem-diborons. Optically enriched 1,1-diboron compounds are significantly underdeveloped because of the paucity of the straightforward synthetic protocols. Herein, the authors report an enantioselective copper-catalyzed cascade double hydroboration of terminal alkynes to access highly enantioenriched gem-diborylalkanes.
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14
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Ding L, Niu K, Liu Y, Wang Q. Visible Light-Induced Hydrosilylation of Electron-Deficient Alkenes by Iron Catalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200367. [PMID: 35302291 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we reported a method for iron-catalyzed, visible-light-induced hydrosilylation reactions of electron-deficient alkenes to produce value-added silicon compounds. Alkenes bearing functional groups with different steric properties were suitable substrates, as were derivatives of structurally complex natural products. Mechanistic studies showed that chlorine radicals generated by iron-catalyzed ligand-to-metal charge transfer in the presence of lithium chloride promoted the formation of silyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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15
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Zhou L, Qiu J, Wang C, Zhang F, Yang K, Song Q. Synthesis of α-Aminosilanes by 1,2-Metalate Rearrangement Deoxygenative Silylation of Aromatic Amides. Org Lett 2022; 24:3249-3253. [PMID: 35475726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient nickel-catalyzed deoxygenative silylation reaction of aromatic amides with silylboranes in the presence of a Sm/SmI2 system for the construction of α-aminosilanes is described. This strategy provides a direct method for synthesizing α-aminosilanes with high efficiency and good functional group compatibility and includes readily accessible starting materials and valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Cece Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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16
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Zhang M, Ji Y, Zhang Z, Zhang C. Copper-Catalyzed Highly Selective Hydrosilylation of Silyl or Boryl Alkene: A Method for Preparing Chiral Geminated Disilyl and Borylsilyl Reagents. Org Lett 2022; 24:2756-2761. [PMID: 35389209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed highly selective hydrosilylation of silyl or boryl alkene has been developed. This chemistry could afford a practical method for preparing chiral geminated disilyl and borylsilyl reagents, which are useful organosilanes and versatile synthons for organic synthesis. The experimental data suggested that this reaction could be compatible with a variety of functional groups. Furthermore, the utility of the gem-dimetal compounds, which could be prepared by this chemistry, has been well illustrated by further transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuqi Ji
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China.,Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
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17
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Photo-induced trifunctionalization of bromostyrenes via remote radical migration reactions of tetracoordinate boron species. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1784. [PMID: 35379818 PMCID: PMC8980057 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetracoordinate boron species have emerged as radical precursors via deboronation by photo-induced single electron transfer (SET) pathway. These reactions usually produce an alkyl radical and boron-bound species, and the valuable boron species are always discarded as a by-product. Given the importance of boron species, it will be very attractive if the two parts could be incorporated into the eventual products. Herein we report a photo-catalyzed strategy in which in situ generated tetracoordinated boron species decomposed into both alkyl radicals and boron species under visible light irradiation, due to the pre-installation of a vinyl group on the aromatic ring, the newly generated alkyl radical attacks the vinyl group while leaving the boron species on ipso-position, then both radical part and boron moiety are safely incorporated into the final product. Tertiary borons, secondary borons, gem-diborons as well as 1,2-diborons, and versatile electrophiles are all well tolerated under this transformation, of note, ortho-, meta- and para-bromostyrenes all demonstrated good capabilities. The reaction portraits high atom economy, broad substrate scope, and diversified valuable products with tertiary or quaternary carbon center generated, with diborons as substrates, Csp2-B and Csp3-B are established simultaneously, which are precious synthetic building blocks in chemical synthesis. Tetracoordinate boron species are common radical precursors in organic synthesis, but the boron species are discarded as by-products. Herein the authors report a strategy to incorporate both the alkyl moiety and boron species into the eventual products, yielding organoboron compounds.
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18
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Ramani A, Desai B, Patel M, Naveen T. Recent advances in the functionalization of terminal and internal alkynes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arti Ramani
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Bhargav Desai
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Monak Patel
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Togati Naveen
- SVNIT Surat: Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Applied Chemistry Room No: 115, Applied Chemistry DepartmentSVNIT Surat 395007 SURAT INDIA
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19
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Sun Y, Guo J, Shen X, Lu Z. Ligand relay catalysis for cobalt-catalyzed sequential hydrosilylation and hydrohydrazidation of terminal alkynes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:650. [PMID: 35115508 PMCID: PMC8813943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequential double hydrofunctionalizationalization of alkynes is a powerful method to construct useful vicinal compounds. Herein, we report a cobalt-catalyzed sequential hydrosilylation/hydrohydrazidation of alkynes to afford 1,2-N,Si compounds via ligand relay catalysis. A phenomenon of ligand relay is found that the tridentate anionic N-ligand (OPAQ) could capture the cobalt ion from bidentate neutral P-ligand (Xantphos) cobalt complex. This protocol uses three abundant chemical feedstocks, alkynes, silanes, and diazo compounds, and also features operationally simple, mild conditions, low catalyst loading (1 mol%), and excellent functional group tolerance. The 1,2-N,Si compounds can be easily further derivatized to afford various substituted silane derivatives via Si-H functionalization, alcohols via Fleming-Tamao oxidation, free amines and amides via N-N bond cleavage and protection. The asymmetric reaction could also be carried out to afford chiral products with up to 86% ee. The ligand relay has been supported by control experiments and absorption spectra. In organic chemistry, performing sequential catalytic cycles with a single catalyst improves efficiency. Here the authors present a methodology to functionalize alkynes with nitrogen and silicon atoms, through two catalytic cycles with a homogeneous cobalt catalyst, which is bound to different ligands in each cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuzhong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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20
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Wang C, Zhou L, Qiu J, Yang K, Song Q. Rh-Catalyzed diastereoselective addition of arylboronic acids to α-keto N-tert-butanesulfinyl aldimines: synthesis of α-amino ketones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01721g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a diastereoselective addition of arylboronic acids to α-keto N-tert-butanesulfinyl aldimines catalyzed by a Rh(i) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cece Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
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21
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Liu W, Shen Z, Xu S. Synthesis of 1,1-Diboron Alkanes via Diborylation of Unactivated Primary C(sp 3)—H Bonds Enabled by AsPh 3/Iridium Catalysis. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202111032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Lu H, Li B. Transition Metal Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroboration of Internal Alkenes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202207040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Park JW. Cobalt-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation as a new frontier to selectively access silyl-hydrocarbons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:491-504. [PMID: 34889931 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06214j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The hydrosilylation of alkynes is a chief chemical method for accessing a range of alkenylsilanes, which can be derivatized to obtain value-added hydrocarbons and utilized in diverse applications. While noble metal-based catalytic procedures have shown great success in accessing vinylsilanes within the context of both academia and industry, replacing the noble metals with cheaper and more abundant base metals has recently drawn significant interest due to their catalytic sustainability and competencies including unprecedented reactivity that could expand chemical tools for accessing other types of silicon-containing hydrocarbons. During the past few years, a number of well-defined, robust cobalt-catalyst platforms that broadly operate either the Chalk-Harrod or a modified Chalk-Harrod mechanism have emerged as a new frontier in the field of selective alkyne hydrosilylation. This review describes the main features of cobalt catalyst systems recently documented for the hydrosilylation of alkynes with a strong emphasis on ligand design and reaction pathways involving Co-H and/or Co-silyl species-mediated elementary transformations to achieve Markovnikov/anti-Markovnikov hydrosilylations as well as new migratory transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Park
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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