1
|
Wang J, Chen T, Jeon M, Oppenheim JJ, Tan B, Kim J, Dincă M. Superior Charge Transport in Ni-Diamine Conductive MOFs. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20500-20507. [PMID: 39007301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D cMOFs) are an emerging class of crystalline van der Waals layered materials with tunable porosity and high electrical conductivity. They have been used in a variety of applications, such as energy storage and conversion, chemiresistive sensing, and quantum information. Although designing new conductive 2D cMOFs and studying their composition/structure-property relationships have attracted significant attention, there are still very few examples of 2D cMOFs that exhibit room-temperature electrical conductivity above 1 S cm-1, the value exhibited by activated carbon, a well-known porous and conductive material that serves in myriad applications. When such high conductivities are achieved, Ni-diamine linkages are often involved, yet Ni-diamine MOFs remain difficult to access. Here, we report two new 2D cMOFs made through ortho-diamine connections: M3(HITT)2 (M = Ni, Cu; HITT = 2,3,7,8,12,13-hexaiminotetraazanaphthotetraphene). The electrical conductivity of Ni3(HITT)2 reaches 4.5 S cm-1 at 298 K, whereas the conductivity of Cu3(HITT)2 spans from 0.05 (2Cu+Cu2+) to 10-6 (3Cu2+) upon air oxidation, much lower than that of Ni3(HITT)2. Spectroscopic analysis reveals that Ni3(HITT)2 exhibits significantly stronger in-plane π-d conjugation and higher density of charge carriers compared to Cu3(HITT)2, accounting for the higher electrical conductivity of Ni3(HITT)2. Cu2+/Cu+ mixed valency modulates the energy level and carrier density of Cu3(HITT)2, allowing for a variation of electrical conductivity over 4 orders of magnitude. This work provides a deeper understanding of the influence of metal nodes on electrical conductivity and confirms ortho-diamine linkers as privileged among ligands for 2D cMOFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mingyu Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Julius J Oppenheim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bowen Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jihan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dontireddy GMR, Suman SP, Merino-Gardea JL, Chen T, Dou JH, Banda H. Arresting dissolution of two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks enables long life in electrochemical devices. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10416-10424. [PMID: 38994412 PMCID: PMC11234863 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02699c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D cMOFs) are emerging as promising materials for electrochemical energy storage (EES). Despite considerable interest, an understanding of their electrochemical stability and the factors contributing to their degradation during cycling is largely lacking. Here we investigate three Cu-based MOFs and report that the dissolution of 2D cMOFs into electrolytes is a prevalent and significant degradation pathway. Several factors, such as the inherent solubility of ligands in electrolyte solvents and the duration of charge-discharge cycling exert a strong influence on the dissolution process. When these factors combine within a MOF, severely limited cycling stability is observed, with dissolution accounting for up to 80% of capacity degradation. Conversely, excellent cycling stability is observed when testing a Cu-MOF with a sparingly soluble ligand within an optimized potential window. Overall, these findings represent essential insights into the electrochemical stability of 2D cMOFs, offering crucial guidelines for their targeted development in EES applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopi M R Dontireddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas 79968 USA
| | - Satya Prakash Suman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas 79968 USA
| | - Jose L Merino-Gardea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas 79968 USA
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Jin-Hu Dou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Harish Banda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas 79968 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu Y, Han H, Yang Z, Ni Y, Meng Z, Zhang Q, Wu H, Xie W, Yan Z, Chen J. High-capacity dilithium hydroquinone cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae146. [PMID: 38741713 PMCID: PMC11089817 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lithiated organic cathode materials show great promise for practical applications in lithium-ion batteries owing to their Li-reservoir characteristics. However, the reported lithiated organic cathode materials still suffer from strict synthesis conditions and low capacity. Here we report a thermal intermolecular rearrangement method without organic solvents to prepare dilithium hydroquinone (Li2Q), which delivers a high capacity of 323 mAh g-1 with an average discharge voltage of 2.8 V. The reversible conversion between orthorhombic Li2Q and monoclinic benzoquinone during charge/discharge processes is revealed by in situ X-ray diffraction. Theoretical calculations show that the unique Li-O channels in Li2Q are beneficial for Li+ ion diffusion. In situ ultraviolet-visible spectra demonstrate that the dissolution issue of Li2Q electrodes during charge/discharge processes can be handled by separator modification, resulting in enhanced cycling stability. This work sheds light on the synthesis and battery application of high-capacity lithiated organic cathode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haoqin Han
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Youxuan Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhicheng Meng
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lv R, Luo C, Liu B, Hu K, Wang K, Zheng L, Guo Y, Du J, Li L, Wu F, Chen R. Unveiling Confinement Engineering for Achieving High-Performance Rechargeable Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400508. [PMID: 38452342 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The confinement effect, restricting materials within nano/sub-nano spaces, has emerged as an innovative approach for fundamental research in diverse application fields, including chemical engineering, membrane separation, and catalysis. This confinement principle recently presents fresh perspectives on addressing critical challenges in rechargeable batteries. Within spatial confinement, novel microstructures and physiochemical properties have been raised to promote the battery performance. Nevertheless, few clear definitions and specific reviews are available to offer a comprehensive understanding and guide for utilizing the confinement effect in batteries. This review aims to fill this gap by primarily summarizing the categorization of confinement effects across various scales and dimensions within battery systems. Subsequently, the strategic design of confinement environments is proposed to address existing challenges in rechargeable batteries. These solutions involve the manipulation of the physicochemical properties of electrolytes, the regulation of electrochemical activity, and stability of electrodes, and insights into ion transfer mechanisms. Furthermore, specific perspectives are provided to deepen the foundational understanding of the confinement effect for achieving high-performance rechargeable batteries. Overall, this review emphasizes the transformative potential of confinement effects in tailoring the microstructure and physiochemical properties of electrode materials, highlighting their crucial role in designing novel energy storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Bingran Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kaikai Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Longhong Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yafei Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiahao Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abid D, Mjejri I, Jaballi R, Guionneau P, Pechev S, Hlil EK, Daro N, Elaoud Z. Exploring the Optical and Energetic Properties of a Co(II)-Based Mixed Ligand MOF. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6152-6160. [PMID: 38551110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Due to their remarkable properties, including remarkable porosity and extensive surface area, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are being investigated for various applications. Herein, we report the first Co(II)-based mixed ligand MOF, formulated Co4(HTrz)2(d-cam)2.5(μ-OH)3. Its 3D structure framework is composed of helical chains {[Co4(μ3-HTrz)4]8+}n connected by d-camphorate ligand building blocks and featured as an extended structure in an AB-AB fashion. The investigated compound displays a wide absorption range across the visible spectrum, characterized by an optical gap energy of 3.7 eV, indicating its semiconducting nature and efficient sunlight absorption capabilities across various wavelengths. The electrochemical performance demonstrated an excellent reversibility, cyclability, structural stability, as well as a specific capacity of up to 100 cycles at a scan rate of 0.1 mV·s-1 and a current density of 50 mA·g-1. Thus, it showcases its ability to retain the capacity over numerous charge-discharge cycles. Additionally, the investigated sample displayed an impressive rate capability during the Li-ion charge/discharge process. Therefore, the material's remarkable electrochemical properties can be ascribed to the synergistic effects of its large specific surface area of 348.294 m2·g-1 and well-defined pore size distribution of 20.448 Å, making it a promising candidate for high-performance Li-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Abid
- Laboratory Physical-Chemistry of Solid State, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 802, Route de Soukra, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Issam Mjejri
- Unit of Materials and Environement (UR15ES01), IPEIT, University of Tunis, 2 rue Jawaher Lel Nahru, Montfleury 1089, Tunisia
| | - Rim Jaballi
- Laboratory Physical-Chemistry of Solid State, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 802, Route de Soukra, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Guionneau
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, University of Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Stanislav Pechev
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, University of Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - El Kebir Hlil
- Institut Neel, CNRS, Université J. Fourier, BP. 166, Grenoble 38042, France
| | - Nathalie Daro
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, University of Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Zakaria Elaoud
- Laboratory Physical-Chemistry of Solid State, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 802, Route de Soukra, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bitenc J, Pirnat K, Lužanin O, Dominko R. Organic Cathodes, a Path toward Future Sustainable Batteries: Mirage or Realistic Future? CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:1025-1040. [PMID: 38370280 PMCID: PMC10870817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Organic active materials are seen as next-generation battery materials that could circumvent the sustainability and cost limitations connected with the current Li-ion battery technology while at the same time enabling novel battery functionalities like a bioderived feedstock, biodegradability, and mechanical flexibility. Many promising research results have recently been published. However, the reproducibility and comparison of the literature results are somehow limited due to highly variable electrode formulations and electrochemical testing conditions. In this Perspective, we provide a critical view of the organic cathode active materials and suggest future guidelines for electrochemical characterization, capacity evaluation, and mechanistic investigation to facilitate reproducibility and benchmarking of literature results, leading to the accelerated development of organic electrode active materials for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bitenc
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Pirnat
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Olivera Lužanin
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Dominko
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Alistore-European
Research Institute, CNRS FR 3104, Hub de l’Energie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han Q, Zhang W, Zhu L, Liu M, Xia C, Xie L, Qiu X, Xiao Y, Yi L, Cao X. MOF-Derived Bimetallic Selenide CoNiSe 2 Nanododecahedrons Encapsulated in Porous Carbon Matrix as Advanced Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6033-6047. [PMID: 38284523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal selenides have received considerable attention as promising candidates for lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode materials due to their high theoretical capacity and safety characteristics. However, their commercial viability is hampered by insufficient conductivity and volumetric fluctuations during cycling. To address these issues, we have utilized bimetallic metal-organic frameworks to fabricate CoNiSe2/C nanodecahedral composites with a high specific surface area, abundant pore structures, and a surface-coated layer of the carbon-based matrix. The optimized material, CoNiSe2/C-700, exhibited impressive Li+ storage performance with an initial discharge specific capacity of 2125.5 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and a Coulombic efficiency of 98% over cycles. Even after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g-1, a reversible discharge specific capacity of 549.9 mA h g-1 was achieved. The research highlights the synergistic effect of bimetallic selenides, well-defined nanodecahedral structures, stable carbon networks, and the formation of smaller particles during initial cycling, all of which contribute to improved electronic performance, reduced volume change, increased Li+ storage active sites, and shorter Li+ diffusion paths. In addition, the pseudocapacitance behavior contributes significantly to the high energy storage of Li+. These features facilitate rapid charge transfer and help maintain a stable solid-electrolyte interphase layer, which ultimately leads to an excellent electrochemical performance. This work provides a viable approach for fabricating bimetallic selenides as anode materials for high-performance LIBs through architectural engineering and compositional tailoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Weifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Limin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Minlu Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Changle Xia
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lingling Xie
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xuejing Qiu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lanhua Yi
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of High Specific Energy Materials for Electrochemical Power Sources of Zhengzhou City, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo X, Apostol P, Zhou X, Wang J, Lin X, Rambabu D, Du M, Er S, Vlad A. Towards the 4 V-class n-type organic lithium-ion positive electrode materials: the case of conjugated triflimides and cyanamides. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2024; 17:173-182. [PMID: 38173560 PMCID: PMC10759797 DOI: 10.1039/d3ee02897f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Organic electrode materials have garnered a great deal of interest owing to their sustainability, cost-efficiency, and design flexibility metrics. Despite numerous endeavors to fine-tune their redox potential, the pool of organic positive electrode materials with a redox potential above 3 V versus Li+/Li0, and maintaining air stability in the Li-reservoir configuration remains limited. This study expands the chemical landscape of organic Li-ion positive electrode chemistries towards the 4 V-class through molecular design based on electron density depletion within the redox center via the mesomeric effect of electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs). This results in the development of novel families of conjugated triflimides and cyanamides as high-voltage electrode materials for organic lithium-ion batteries. These are found to exhibit ambient air stability and demonstrate reversible electrochemistry with redox potentials spanning the range of 3.1 V to 3.8 V (versus Li+/Li0), marking the highest reported values so far within the realm of n-type organic chemistries. Through comprehensive structural analysis and extensive electrochemical studies, we elucidate the relationship between the molecular structure and the ability to fine-tune the redox potential. These findings offer promising opportunities to customize the redox properties of organic electrodes, bridging the gap with their inorganic counterparts for application in sustainable and eco-friendly electrochemical energy storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Guo
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Petru Apostol
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Xuan Zhou
- DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research De Zaale 20 5612 AJ Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jiande Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Mengyuan Du
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| | - Süleyman Er
- DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research De Zaale 20 5612 AJ Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang H, Wang X, Zhou J, Tang W. Azo-Linkage Redox Metal-Organic Framework Incorporating Carbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Aqueous Energy Storage. Molecules 2023; 28:7479. [PMID: 38005202 PMCID: PMC10673354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of well-defined hierarchical free-standing electrodes for robust high-performance energy storage is challenging. We report herein that azo-linkage redox metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporate single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as flexible electrodes. The in situ-guided growth, crystallinity and morphology of UiO-66-NO2 MOFs were finely controlled in the presence of CNTs. The MOFs' covalent anchoring to CNTs and solvothermal grafting anthraquinone (AQ) pendants endow the hybrid (denoted as CNT@UiO-66-AQ) with greatly improved conductivity, charge storage pathways and electrochemical dynamics. The flexible CNT@UiO-66-AQ displays a highest areal specific capacitance of 302.3 mF cm-2 (at 1 mA cm-2) in -0.4~0.9 V potential window, together with 100% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles at 5 mA cm-2. Its assembled symmetrical supercapacitor (SSC) achieves a maximum energy density of 0.037 mWh cm-2 and a maximum power density of 10.4 mW cm-2, outperforming many MOFs-hybrids-based SSCs in the literature. Our work may open a new avenue for preparing azo-coupled redox MOFs hybrids with carbaneous substrates for high-performance robust aqueous energy storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualei Zhang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinlei Wang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Weihua Tang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Apostol P, Gali SM, Su A, Tie D, Zhang Y, Pal S, Lin X, Bakuru VR, Rambabu D, Beljonne D, Dincă M, Vlad A. Controlling Charge Transport in 2D Conductive MOFs─The Role of Nitrogen-Rich Ligands and Chemical Functionality. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37921430 PMCID: PMC10655089 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional electrically conducting metal-organic frameworks (2D-e-MOFs) have emerged as a class of highly promising functional materials for a wide range of applications. However, despite the significant recent advances in 2D-e-MOFs, developing systems that can be postsynthetically chemically functionalized, while also allowing fine-tuning of the transport properties, remains challenging. Herein, we report two isostructural 2D-e-MOFs: Ni3(HITAT)2 and Ni3(HITBim)2 based on two new 3-fold symmetric ligands: 2,3,7,8,12,13-hexaaminotriazatruxene (HATAT) and 2,3,8,9,14,15-hexaaminotribenzimidazole (HATBim), respectively, with reactive sites for postfunctionalization. Ni3(HITAT)2 and Ni3(HITBim)2 exhibit temperature-activated charge transport, with bulk conductivity values of 44 and 0.5 mS cm-1, respectively. Density functional theory analysis attributes the difference to disparities in the electron density distribution within the parent ligands: nitrogen-rich HATBim exhibits localized electron density and a notably lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy relative to HATAT. Precise amounts of methanesulfonyl groups are covalently bonded to the N-H indole moiety within the Ni3(HITAT)2 framework, modulating the electrical conductivity by a factor of ∼20. These results provide a blueprint for the design of porous functional materials with tunable chemical functionality and electrical response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petru Apostol
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory
for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Alice Su
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Da Tie
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Shubhadeep Pal
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Vasudeva Rao Bakuru
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory
for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials
and Catalysis, Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Y, Wang J, Apostol P, Rambabu D, Eddine Lakraychi A, Guo X, Zhang X, Lin X, Pal S, Rao Bakuru V, Chen X, Vlad A. Bimetallic Anionic Organic Frameworks with Solid-State Cation Conduction for Charge Storage Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310033. [PMID: 37651171 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A new phosphonate-based anionic bimetallic organic framework, with the general formula of A4 -Zn-DOBDP (wherein A is Li+ or Na+ , and DOBDP6- is the 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenediphosphate ligand) is prepared and characterized for energy storage applications. With four alkali cations per formula unit, the A4 -Zn-DOBDP MOF is found to be the first example of non-solvated cation conducting MOF with measured conductivities of 5.4×10-8 S cm-1 and 3.4×10-8 S cm-1 for Li4 - and Na4 - phases, indicating phase and composition effects of Li+ and Na+ shuttling through the channels. Three orders of magnitude increase in ionic conductivity is further attained upon solvation with propylene carbonate, placing this system among the best MOF ionic conductors at room temperature. As positive electrode material, Li4 -Zn-DOBDP delivers a specific capacity of 140 mAh g-1 at a high average discharge potential of 3.2 V (vs. Li+ /Li) with 90 % of capacity retention over 100 cycles. The significance of this research extends from the development of a new family of electroactive phosphonate-based MOFs with inherent ionic conductivity and reversible cation storage, to providing elementary insights into the development of highly sought yet still evasive MOFs with mixed-ion and electron conduction for energy storage applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jiande Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Petru Apostol
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alae Eddine Lakraychi
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Shubhadeep Pal
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Vasudeva Rao Bakuru
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feng X, Wang X, Redshaw C, Tang BZ. Aggregation behaviour of pyrene-based luminescent materials, from molecular design and optical properties to application. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6715-6753. [PMID: 37694728 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular aggregates are self-assembled from multiple molecules via weak intermolecular interactions, and new chemical and physical properties can emerge compared to their individual molecule. With the development of aggregate science, much research has focused on the study of the luminescence behaviour of aggregates rather than single molecules. Pyrene as a classical fluorophore has attracted great attention due to its diverse luminescence behavior depending on the solution state, molecular packing pattern as well as morphology, resulting in wide potential applications. For example, pyrene prefers to emit monomer emission in dilute solution but tends to form a dimer via π-π stacking in the aggregation state, resulting in red-shifted emission with quenched fluorescence and quantum yield. Over the past two decades, much effort has been devoted to developing novel pyrene-based fluorescent molecules and determining the luminescence mechanism for potential applications. Since the concept of "aggregation-induced emission (AIE)" was proposed by Tang et al. in 2001, aggregate science has been established, and the aggregated luminescence behaviour of pyrene-based materials has been extensively investigated. New pyrene-based emitters have been designed and synthesized not only to investigate the relationships between the molecular structure and properties and advanced applications but also to examine the effect of the aggregate morphology on their optical and electronic properties. Indeed, new aggregated pyrene-based molecules have emerged with unique properties, such as circularly polarized luminescence, excellent fluorescence and phosphorescence and electroluminescence, ultra-high mobility, etc. These properties are independent of their molecular constituents and allow for a number of cutting-edge technological applications, such as chemosensors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic field effect transistors, organic solar cells, Li-batteries, etc. Reviews published to-date have mainly concentrated on summarizing the molecular design and multi-functional applications of pyrene-based fluorophores, whereas the aggregation behaviour of pyrene-based luminescent materials has received very little attention. The majority of the multi-functional applications of pyrene molecules are not only closely related to their molecular structures, but also to the packing model they adopt in the aggregated state. In this review, we will summarize the intriguing optoelectronic properties of pyrene-based luminescent materials boosted by aggregation behaviour, and systematically establish the relationship between the molecular structure, aggregation states, and optoelectronic properties. This review will provide a new perspective for understanding the luminescence and electronic transition mechanism of pyrene-based materials and will facilitate further development of pyrene chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Material and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Material and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang J, Apostol P, Rambabu D, Guo X, Liu X, Robeyns K, Du M, Zhang Y, Pal S, Markowski R, Lucaccioni F, Lakraychi AE, Morari C, Gohy JF, Gupta D, Vlad A. Revealing the reversible solid-state electrochemistry of lithium-containing conjugated oximates for organic batteries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6079. [PMID: 37115926 PMCID: PMC10146882 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the rising advent of organic Li-ion positive electrode materials with increased energy content, chemistries with high redox potential and intrinsic oxidation stability remain a challenge. Here, we report the solid-phase reversible electrochemistry of the oximate organic redox functionality. The disclosed oximate chemistries, including cyclic, acyclic, aliphatic, and tetra-functional stereotypes, uncover the complex interplay between the molecular structure and the electroactivity. Among the exotic features, the most appealing one is the reversible electrochemical polymerization accompanying the charge storage process in solid phase, through intermolecular azodioxy bond coupling. The best-performing oximate delivers a high reversible capacity of 350 mAh g-1 at an average potential of 3.0 versus Li+/Li0, attaining 1 kWh kg-1 specific energy content at the material level metric. This work ascertains a strong link between electrochemistry, organic chemistry, and battery science by emphasizing on how different phases, mechanisms, and performances can be accessed using a single chemical functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Petru Apostol
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Xuelian Liu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Koen Robeyns
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Mengyuan Du
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Shubhadeep Pal
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Robert Markowski
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Fabio Lucaccioni
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Alae Eddine Lakraychi
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Cristian Morari
- Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Tehnologii Izotopice și Moleculare Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, România
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Deepak Gupta
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
- Corresponding author. (D.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
- Corresponding author. (D.G.); (A.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cong C, Ma H. Advances of Electroactive Metal-Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207547. [PMID: 36631286 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of electroactive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for applications of supercapacitors and batteries has received much attention and remarkable progress during the past few years. MOF-based materials including pristine MOFs, hybrid MOFs or MOF composites, and MOF derivatives are well designed by a combination of organic linkers (e.g., carboxylic acids, conjugated aromatic phenols/thiols, conjugated aromatic amines, and N-heterocyclic donors) and metal salts to construct predictable structures with appropriate properties. This review will focus on construction strategies of pristine MOFs and hybrid MOFs as anodes, cathodes, separators, and electrolytes in supercapacitors and batteries. Descriptions and discussions follow categories of electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), pseudocapacitors (PSCs), and hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) for supercapacitors. In contrast, Li-ion batteries (LIBs), Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), Lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs), Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), Sodium-sulfur batteries (SSBs), Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), Zinc-air batteries (ZABs), Aluminum-sulfur batteries (ASBs), and others (e.g., LiSe, NiZn, H+ , alkaline, organic, and redox flow batteries) are categorized for batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 21186, China
| | - Huaibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 21186, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang XX, Guan DH, Miao CL, Kong DC, Zheng LJ, Xu JJ. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Mixed Conductors Achieve Highly Stable Photo-assisted Solid-State Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5718-5729. [PMID: 36880105 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The demand for high-energy sustainable rechargeable batteries has motivated the development of lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries. However, the inherent safety issues of liquid electrolytes and the sluggish reaction kinetics of existing cathodes remain fundamental challenges. Herein, we demonstrate a promising photo-assisted solid-state Li-O2 battery based on metal-organic framework-derived mixed ionic/electronic conductors, which simultaneously serve as the solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and the cathode. The mixed conductors could effectively harvest ultraviolet-visible light to generate numerous photoelectrons and holes, which is favorable to participate in the electrochemical reaction, contributing to greatly improved reaction kinetics. According to the study on conduction behavior, we discover that the mixed conductors as SSEs possess outstanding Li+ conductivity (1.52 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C) and superior chemical/electrochemical stability (especially toward H2O, O2-, etc.). Application of mixed ionic electronic conductors in photo-assisted solid-state Li-O2 batteries further reveals that a high energy efficiency (94.2%) and a long life (320 cycles) can be achieved with a simultaneous design of SSEs and cathodes. The achievements present the widespread universality in accelerating the development of safe and high-performance solid-state batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - De-Hui Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Lin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - De-Chen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lu Y, Zhang Q, Li F, Chen J. Emerging Lithiated Organic Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Full Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216047. [PMID: 36445787 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic electrode materials have application potential in lithium batteries owing to their high capacity, abundant resources, and structural designability. However, most reported organic cathodes are at oxidized states (namely unlithiated compounds) and thus need to couple with Li-rich anodes. In contrast, lithiated organic cathode materials could act as a Li reservoir and match with Li-free anodes such as graphite, showing great promise for practical full-battery applications. Here we summarize the synthesis, stability, and battery applications of lithiated organic cathode materials, including synthetic methods, stability against O2 and H2 O in air, and strategies to improve comprehensive electrochemical performance. Future research should be focused on new redox chemistries and the construction of full batteries with lithiated organic cathodes and commercial anodes under practical conditions. This Minireview will encourage more efforts on lithiated organic cathode materials and finally promote their commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fujun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shah R, Ali S, Raziq F, Ali S, Ismail PM, Shah S, Iqbal R, Wu X, He W, Zu X, Zada A, Adnan, Mabood F, Vinu A, Jhung SH, Yi J, Qiao L. Exploration of metal organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks for energy-related applications. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
18
|
Ghosh R, Paesani F. Connecting the dots for fundamental understanding of structure-photophysics-property relationships of COFs, MOFs, and perovskites using a Multiparticle Holstein Formalism. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1040-1064. [PMID: 36756323 PMCID: PMC9891456 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoactive organic and hybrid organic-inorganic materials such as conjugated polymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and layered perovskites, display intriguing photophysical signatures upon interaction with light. Elucidating structure-photophysics-property relationships across a broad range of functional materials is nontrivial and requires our fundamental understanding of the intricate interplay among excitons (electron-hole pair), polarons (charges), bipolarons, phonons (vibrations), inter-layer stacking interactions, and different forms of structural and conformational defects. In parallel with electronic structure modeling and data-driven science that are actively pursued to successfully accelerate materials discovery, an accurate, computationally inexpensive, and physically-motivated theoretical model, which consistently makes quantitative connections with conceptually complicated experimental observations, is equally important. Within this context, the first part of this perspective highlights a unified theoretical framework in which the electronic coupling as well as the local coupling between the electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom can be efficiently described for a broad range of quasiparticles with similarly structured Holstein-style vibronic Hamiltonians. The second part of this perspective discusses excitonic and polaronic photophysical signatures in polymers, COFs, MOFs, and perovskites, and attempts to bridge the gap between different research fields using a common theoretical construct - the Multiparticle Holstein Formalism. We envision that the synergistic integration of state-of-the-art computational approaches with the Multiparticle Holstein Formalism will help identify and establish new, transformative design strategies that will guide the synthesis and characterization of next-generation energy materials optimized for a broad range of optoelectronic, spintronic, and photonic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California La Jolla San Diego California 92093 USA
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California La Jolla San Diego California 92093 USA
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California La Jolla San Diego California 92093 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California La Jolla San Diego California 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Geng J, Ni Y, Zhu Z, Wu Q, Gao S, Hua W, Indris S, Chen J, Li F. Reversible Metal and Ligand Redox Chemistry in Two-Dimensional Iron-Organic Framework for Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1564-1571. [PMID: 36635874 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as attractive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, owing to their fascinating features of sustainable resources, tunable chemical components, flexible molecular skeletons, and renewability. However, they are faced with a limited number of redox-active sites and unstable molecular frameworks during electrochemical processes. Herein, we design a novel two-dimensional (2D) iron(III)-tetraamino-benzoquinone (Fe-TABQ) with dual redox centers of Fe cations and TABQ ligands for high-capacity and stable lithium storage. It is constructed of square-planar Fe-N2O2 linkages and phenylenediamine building blocks, between which the Fe-TABQ chains are connected by multiple hydrogen bonds, and then featured as an extended π-d-conjugated 2D structure. The redox chemistry of both Fe3+ cations and TABQ anions is revealed to render its remarkable specific capacity of 251.1 mAh g-1. Benefiting from the intrinsic robust Fe-N(O) bonds and reinforced Li-N(O) bonds during cycling, Fe-TABQ delivers high capacity retentions over 95% after 200 cycles at various current densities. This work will enlighten more investigations for the molecular designs of advanced MOF-based electrode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Geng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Youxuan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Zhuo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore637459, Singapore
| | - Quan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Suning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Weibo Hua
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi710049, China.,Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin300192, China
| | - Fujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Morari C, Buimaga-Iarinca L, Turcu R. On the contribution of phonons to electrochemical potential of Li-ion metal-organic frameworks. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
21
|
Wu Q, Li T, Song J, Sun X, Ren X, Fu C, Chen L, Tan L, Niu M, Meng X. A Novel Instantaneous Self-Assembled Hollow MOF-Derived Nanodrug for Microwave Thermo-Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51656-51668. [PMID: 36355432 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hollow materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged in the biomedical field due to their unique properties, and different synthesis methods have been proposed. However, so far, the large-scale use of hollow MOFs is mostly limited by the timeliness of synthesis methods. Herein, we propose a new ultrasonic aerosol flow strategy for the instantaneous synthesis of a Zr-MOF-derived hollow sphere complex (ZC-HSC) in only one step. Through rapid transient heating, the coordination between metal salts and organic ligands occurs along with prompt evaporation of the solvent. The whole process lasts for only about 21 s, compared with several steps that take hours or even days for conventional synthesis methods. Based on the ZC-HSC, we designed a nanodrug with the functions of manipulating the tumor microenvironment, which can reshape the tumor microenvironment by improving tumor hypoxia and inflammatory microenvironment and promoting antiangiogenic therapy. Combined with microwave thermo-chemotherapy, the nanodrugs effectively treat triple-negative breast cancer (the tumor cell survival rate was only 34.76 and 31.05% in normoxic and hypoxic states, respectively, and the tumor inhibition rate reached 87.9% at the animal level), providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. This rapid, one-step, and continuous ultrasonic aerosol flow strategy has bright prospects in the synthesis of MOF-derived hollow materials and promotes the further development of large-scale applications of biological nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiangling Ren
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Changhui Fu
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lufeng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Clinical Medical School and First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Longfei Tan
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meng Niu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang J, Guo X, Apostol P, Liu X, Robeyns K, Gence L, Morari C, Gohy JF, Vlad A. High performance Li-, Na-, and K-ion storage in electrically conducting coordination polymers. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2022; 15:3923-3932. [PMID: 36275406 PMCID: PMC9472235 DOI: 10.1039/d2ee00566b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Coordination polymers (CPs) made of redox-active organic moieties and metal ions emerge as an important class of electroactive materials for battery applications. However, the design and synthesis of high voltage alkali-cation reservoir anionic CPs remains challenging, hindering their practical applications. Herein, we report a family of electrically conducting alkali-cation reservoir CPs with the general formula of A2-TM-PTtSA (wherein A = Li+, Na+, or K+; TM = Fe2+, Co2+, or Mn2+; and PTtSA = benzene-1,2,4,5-tetra-methylsulfonamide). The incorporation of transition metal centers not only enables intrinsic high electrical conductivity, but also shows an impressive redox potential increase of as high as 1 V as compared to A4-PTtSA analogues, resulting in a class of organometallic cathode materials with a high average redox potential of 2.95-3.25 V for Li-, Na- and K-ion batteries. A detailed structure - composition - physicochemical properties - performance correlation study is provided relying on experimental and computational analysis. The best performing candidate shows excellent rate capability (86% of the nominal capacity retained at 10C rate), remarkable cycling stability (96.5% after 1000 cycles), outstanding tolerance to low carbon content (5 wt%), high mass loading (50 mg cm-2), and extreme utilisation conditions of low earth orbit space environment tests. The significance of the disclosed alkali-ion reservoir cathodes is further emphasized by utilizing conventional Li-host graphite anode for full cell assembly, attaining a record voltage of 3 V in an organic cathode Li-ion proof-of-concept cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Petru Apostol
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Xuelian Liu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Koen Robeyns
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Loïk Gence
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Cristian Morari
- Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Tehnologii Izotopice şi Moleculare Cluj-Napoca Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Demakov PA, Fedin VP. Layered trans-1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylates of Divalent Metals: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Properties. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328422050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Influence of Polymorphism on the Electrochemical Behavior of Dilithium (2,3-Dilithium-oxy)-terephthalate vs. Li. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10050062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic electrode materials offer obvious opportunities to promote cost-effective and environmentally friendly rechargeable batteries. Over the last decade, tremendous progress has been made thanks to the use of molecular engineering focused on the tailoring of redox-active organic moieties. However, the electrochemical performance of organic host structures relies also on the crystal packing, like the inorganic counterparts, which calls for further efforts in terms of crystal chemistry to make a robust redox-active organic center electrochemically efficient in the solid state. Following our ongoing research aiming at elaborating lithiated organic cathode materials, we report herein on the impact of polymorphism on the electrochemical behavior of dilithium (2,3-dilithium-oxy-)terephthalate vs. Li. Having isolated dilithium (3-hydroxy-2-lithium-oxy)terephthalate through an incomplete acid-base neutralization reaction, its subsequent thermally induced decarboxylation mechanism led to the formation of a new polymorph of dilithium (2,3-dilithium-oxy-)terephthalate referred to as Li4-o-DHT (β-phase). This new phase is able to operate at 3.1 V vs. Li+/Li, which corresponds to a positive potential shift of +250 mV compared to the other polymorph formerly reported. Nevertheless, the overall electrochemical process characterized by a sluggish biphasic transition is impeded by a large polarization value limiting the recovered capacity upon cycling.
Collapse
|
25
|
Choudhary P, Gaur R, Rambabu D, Dhir A, Gupta A, Pooja. Copper Metallogel as Potential Drug Carrier for Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruchi Gaur
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012
| | - Darsi Rambabu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences Université Catholique de Louvain 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Abhimanew Dhir
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012
| | - Ankush Gupta
- Department of Chemistry DAV University Jalandhar Punjab India
| | - Pooja
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry DAV College Jalandhar Punjab 144008
| |
Collapse
|